JP6890210B2 - Static device - Google Patents

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JP6890210B2
JP6890210B2 JP2020527172A JP2020527172A JP6890210B2 JP 6890210 B2 JP6890210 B2 JP 6890210B2 JP 2020527172 A JP2020527172 A JP 2020527172A JP 2020527172 A JP2020527172 A JP 2020527172A JP 6890210 B2 JP6890210 B2 JP 6890210B2
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stationary device
iron core
wound
magnetic
magnetic block
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JPWO2020003552A1 (en
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賢治 中ノ上
賢治 中ノ上
貴郁 日比野
貴郁 日比野
栗田　直幸
直幸 栗田
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/10—Single-phase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00

Description

本発明は、変圧器やリアクトル等の静止機器に関し、特に、鉄損の低減に有効な静止機器に関する。 The present invention relates to a stationary device such as a transformer and a reactor, and more particularly to a stationary device effective for reducing iron loss.

静止機器の損失は負荷損と無負荷損からなっている。変圧器においては負荷率が小さく例えば、JIS規格において500kVA以下の油入静止機器の負荷率は40％で評価されている。そのため高効率静止機器を製作するためには無負荷損、つまり、鉄心で発生する損失である鉄損を低減することが有効である。 The loss of stationary equipment consists of load loss and no-load loss. The load factor of transformers is small. For example, in the JIS standard, the load factor of oil-filled stationary equipment of 500 kVA or less is evaluated at 40%. Therefore, in order to manufacture a high-efficiency stationary device, it is effective to reduce the no-load loss, that is, the iron loss which is the loss generated in the iron core.

特許文献１には、鉄心の電磁鋼板の使用量を抑制し、低損失の静止機器が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a static device having a low loss by suppressing the amount of an electromagnetic steel sheet used for an iron core.

特開２００２−２０８５１８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-208518

一般的な静止機器の鉄損低減方法としては、鉄心材料をハイグレード材へ変更する。静止機器の設計磁束密度を低減する方法がある。しかし、元々ハイグレード材を使用している静止機器では、材料による鉄損低減は不可能である。また、設計磁束密度を低減すると鉄心の断面積が増大し、静止機器の体積、質量が増大してしまう。 As a general method for reducing iron loss in stationary equipment, the iron core material is changed to a high-grade material. There is a way to reduce the design magnetic flux density of stationary equipment. However, it is impossible to reduce iron loss due to the material in the stationary equipment that originally uses the high-grade material. Further, if the design magnetic flux density is reduced, the cross-sectional area of the iron core increases, and the volume and mass of the stationary device increase.

特許文献１には、鉄心の巻回数や、電磁鋼板の幅が大きくなることを抑制し、低損失の静止機器を実現できると記載されている。背景技術に記載したように、鉄損を低減することは有効であるため、さらに、鉄損の低減効果の高い技術が求められる。 Patent Document 1 describes that it is possible to realize a low-loss stationary device by suppressing an increase in the number of windings of an iron core and an increase in the width of an electromagnetic steel sheet. As described in the background technology, it is effective to reduce the iron loss, and therefore, a technology having a high iron loss reduction effect is required.

本発明の目的は、鉄心形状を変更しないで、鉄損を低減した静止機器を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a stationary device with reduced iron loss without changing the shape of the iron core.

本発明の好ましい一例は、巻鉄心と、前記巻鉄心に巻かれたコイルと、磁性体を積層した磁性体ブロックとを有し、前記磁性体ブロックの積層面は、前記巻鉄心のうち前記コイルが巻かれていない領域または部分に接触するとともに、前記磁性体の主面の長手方向と前記巻鉄心の巻かれた方向である周方向とが異なる方向になるように前記磁性体ブロックが配置された静止機器である。 A preferable example of the present invention includes a wound iron core, a coil wound around the wound iron core, and a magnetic material block in which a magnetic material is laminated, and the laminated surface of the magnetic material block is the coil of the wound iron core. The magnetic block is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the main surface of the magnetic material and the circumferential direction, which is the winding direction of the core, are different from each other while contacting the unwound region or portion. It is a stationary device.

鉄心形状を変更しないで、鉄損を低減した静止機器を実現することができる。 It is possible to realize a stationary device with reduced iron loss without changing the shape of the iron core.

実施例１の概要を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline of Example 1. FIG. 比較例を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining a comparative example. 実施例１における磁性体の配置を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the arrangement of the magnetic material in Example 1. FIG. 実施例２の磁性体の第１の配置例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the 1st arrangement example of the magnetic material of Example 2. 実施例２の磁性体の第２の配置例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the 2nd arrangement example of the magnetic material of Example 2. 実施例３の磁性体の配置を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the arrangement of the magnetic material of Example 3. 実施例２の第１の構成についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about the 1st structure of Example 2. FIG. 実施例２の第２の構成についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about the 2nd structure of Example 2. FIG. 実施例２の第２の構成についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about the 2nd structure of Example 2. FIG. 実施例３の第１の構成についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about the 1st structure of Example 3. FIG. 実施例３の第２の構成についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about the 2nd structure of Example 3. FIG.

以下、実施例を、図面を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、実施例１の磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロック1cなどを設置した、変圧器やリアクトル等の静止機器の巻鉄心1aとコイル1bを示す図である。図１(a)は、静止機器を上部から見た平面図である。図１（b）は、静止機器の前面から見た正面図である。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a wound iron core 1a and a coil 1b of a stationary device such as a transformer or a reactor in which a magnetic block 1c or the like in which the magnetic materials of the first embodiment are bundled is installed. FIG. 1A is a plan view of the stationary device as viewed from above. FIG. 1B is a front view of the stationary device as viewed from the front.

磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロック1cなどを設置する位置は、巻鉄心1aにおいて、コイル1bが巻かれていない領域または部分が対象となる。また、磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロックの設置の位置、配置の仕方としては、図１に示したように、1c、2c、3c、4c、5cに示すとおりである。 The position where the magnetic material block 1c or the like in which the magnetic materials are bundled is installed is the region or part where the coil 1b is not wound in the wound iron core 1a. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the position and the method of arranging the magnetic block in which the magnetic materials are bundled are as shown in 1c, 2c, 3c, 4c, and 5c.

磁性体ブロック1cは、巻鉄心1aの外周面に接触させた例である。ここで接触とは、磁性体ブロック1cを巻鉄心に固定するために、絶縁体の接着剤を介して、両者を接着した場合を含む。磁性体ブロック2cは、巻鉄心1aの側面に接触させた例である。磁性体ブロック1cに比べて、巻鉄心1aの内側に固定しており、磁性体ブロック2cの先端部は、磁性体ブロック1cに比べて、巻鉄心1aに対して外側に突き出た長さは、短くなる。 The magnetic block 1c is an example of being brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the wound iron core 1a. Here, the contact includes a case where the magnetic block 1c is bonded to the wound iron core via an insulating adhesive. The magnetic block 2c is an example of being brought into contact with the side surface of the wound iron core 1a. Compared to the magnetic block 1c, it is fixed inside the wound core 1a, and the tip of the magnetic block 2c has a length protruding outward with respect to the wound core 1a compared to the magnetic block 1c. It gets shorter.

磁性体ブロック3cと磁性体ブロック4cは、巻鉄心1aの側面に接触するとともに、コイル1bの側面にも接触するように配置されている。磁性体ブロック5cは、巻鉄心1aの外周面に接触するとともに、コイル1bの側面に接触するように配置されている。 The magnetic block 3c and the magnetic block 4c are arranged so as to be in contact with the side surface of the wound iron core 1a and also with the side surface of the coil 1b. The magnetic block 5c is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the wound iron core 1a and also in contact with the side surface of the coil 1b.

図２は、磁性体ブロック7cの主面21を、巻鉄心1aの設置面に対して平行に配置した場合の比較例を示す。特許文献１の構成は、同様な構成である。 FIG. 2 shows a comparative example in which the main surface 21 of the magnetic block 7c is arranged parallel to the installation surface of the wound iron core 1a. The structure of Patent Document 1 is the same.

図３は、実施例１における磁性体ブロック8cの配置を説明するための図である。実施例１では、磁性体を積層した積層面20を、巻鉄心1aの巻き方向である周方向に接触させて配置する。さらに、磁性体の主面21の長手方向が、巻鉄心1aの巻き方向である周方向に対して、異なる方向となるように、磁性体ブロック8cが配置される。ここでは、磁性体の主面21の長手方向は、周方向に対して略直角な方向となるように、配置される。 FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the magnetic block 8c in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the laminated surface 20 on which the magnetic materials are laminated is arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the circumferential direction which is the winding direction of the wound iron core 1a. Further, the magnetic material block 8c is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the main surface 21 of the magnetic material is different from the circumferential direction which is the winding direction of the wound iron core 1a. Here, the longitudinal direction of the main surface 21 of the magnetic material is arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the circumferential direction.

主面21は、一枚の磁性体の一平面をいう。主面21は、長手方向の辺と、その辺と隣接する短手方向の辺からなる矩形の形状である。主面21と略垂直な方向である磁性体の厚み方向に、複数の磁性体を重ねた面を、積層面20とよぶことにする。ここで、略垂直とは、垂直を含むとともに、巻鉄心1aの設置面や磁性体の面の粗さに起因したずれや、接着層を介して相互に接続する場合のずれは許容されることを意味する。 The main surface 21 refers to one plane of one magnetic material. The main surface 21 has a rectangular shape consisting of a side in the longitudinal direction and a side in the lateral direction adjacent to the side. The surface on which a plurality of magnetic materials are stacked in the thickness direction of the magnetic material, which is substantially perpendicular to the main surface 21, is referred to as a laminated surface 20. Here, "substantially vertical" includes vertical, and allows deviation due to the roughness of the installation surface of the wound iron core 1a and the surface of the magnetic material, and deviation when they are connected to each other via an adhesive layer. Means.

磁性体は、方向性電磁鋼板で構成されてもよい。方向性電磁鋼板を使う場合には、方向性電磁鋼板の圧延された方向（例えば、主面の長手方向）が、巻鉄心1aの巻き方向と略垂直になるような関係に配置する。磁性体は、非晶質の材料で構成されてもよい。 The magnetic material may be made of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets. When the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is used, it is arranged so that the rolled direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (for example, the longitudinal direction of the main surface) is substantially perpendicular to the winding direction of the wound steel core 1a. The magnetic material may be composed of an amorphous material.

実施例１によれば、原理は不明であるが、比較例に比べて鉄損を低減することができるとともに、巻鉄心1aの構成を変える必要はない。 According to the first embodiment, the principle is unclear, but the iron loss can be reduced as compared with the comparative example, and it is not necessary to change the configuration of the wound iron core 1a.

図４は、実施例２における磁性体ブロック9cの配置例（第１）を示す図である。図５は、実施例２の磁性体ブロック10cの配置例（第２）を示す図である。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an arrangement example (first) of the magnetic block 9c in the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement example (second) of the magnetic block 10c of the second embodiment.

図４、図５に示すように、磁性材料の主面21を構成する各辺の長さを、L1、L2、L3、L4とした場合、主面21の周囲の全長はL1+L2+L3+L4である。磁性体ブロックの積層面と巻鉄心1aの面とが重なっている場合に、重なった主面21における寸法L5とした時に、(L1+L2+L3+L4)>(4×L5)という関係になるように磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロックを、巻鉄心1aの面に設置する。As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the lengths of the sides constituting the main surface 21 of the magnetic material are L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 , the total length around the main surface 21 is L. It is 1 + L 2 + L 3 + L 4 . When the laminated surface of the magnetic block and the surface of the wound iron core 1a overlap, and the dimension L 5 on the overlapping main surface 21 is set, (L 1 + L 2 + L 3 + L 4 )> (4 × A magnetic block in which magnetic materials are bundled so as to have a relationship of L 5) is installed on the surface of the wound iron core 1a.

上記した、主面21を構成する辺の全長と、主面21における重なった部分の寸法との関係における鉄損低減の効果の根拠となる実測例について、以下に説明する。 The actual measurement example which is the basis of the effect of reducing the iron loss in the relation between the total length of the side constituting the main surface 21 and the dimension of the overlapping portion on the main surface 21 will be described below.

図７は、外側巻鉄心3に対して磁性体ブロック11cを配置したときに、磁性体の積層面が鉄心面とほとんど重なっている場合を示す。図７（a）は、平面図であり、図７（b）は、側面図である。



 FIG. 7 shows a case where the laminated surface of the magnetic material almost overlaps the iron core surface when the magnetic material block 11c is arranged with respect to the outer wound iron core 3. FIG. 7A is a plan view, and FIG. 7B is a side view.

図８は、磁性体ブロック11cの積層面が、外側巻鉄心3の面にほとんど重ならないようにした状態の時の図を示す。図８（a）は、平面図であり、図８（b）は、側面図である。図７に示した状態の時の鉄損低減の効果を100としたとき、図８に示す状態の鉄損低減の効果は182であった。 FIG. 8 shows a view in a state where the laminated surface of the magnetic block 11c hardly overlaps the surface of the outer wound iron core 3. FIG. 8A is a plan view, and FIG. 8B is a side view. When the effect of reducing iron loss in the state shown in FIG. 7 was set to 100, the effect of reducing iron loss in the state shown in FIG. 8 was 182.

また、図９は、磁性体ブロック11cを立てた状態の時の図を示す。図９（a）は、平面図であり、図９（b）は、側面図である。図７に示した状態の時の鉄損低減の効果を100としたとき、図９に示す状態の鉄損低減の効果は205であった。 Further, FIG. 9 shows a diagram when the magnetic block 11c is in an upright state. 9 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 9 (b) is a side view. When the effect of reducing iron loss in the state shown in FIG. 7 was 100, the effect of reducing iron loss in the state shown in FIG. 9 was 205.

実施例２によれば、巻鉄心の構成を変えることなく、鉄損を低減できる。 According to the second embodiment, the iron loss can be reduced without changing the configuration of the wound iron core.

図６は、実施例３を示す図である。実施例３は、外側巻鉄心3と、磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロック11cの間に、絶縁体1dを挟む構成である。図６（a）は、平面図であり、図６（b）は、側面図である。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the insulator 1d is sandwiched between the outer wound iron core 3 and the magnetic material block 11c in which the magnetic material is bundled. FIG. 6A is a plan view, and FIG. 6B is a side view.

実施例３における、磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロックと鉄心間に絶縁体を挟んだ場合の鉄損低減効果の根拠となる実測例を説明する。 An actual measurement example which is the basis of the iron loss reduction effect when an insulator is sandwiched between the magnetic block in which the magnetic material is bundled and the iron core in Example 3 will be described.

図１０は、実施例３の第１の構成についての説明図である。図１０は、厚さ0.1ｍｍの絶縁体2dを、磁性体ブロック11cと外側巻鉄心3との間に、はさんだ状態を示す。図１０（a）は、平面図であり、図１０（b）は、側面図である。 FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the first configuration of the third embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a state in which an insulator 2d having a thickness of 0.1 mm is sandwiched between the magnetic block 11c and the outer wound iron core 3. 10 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 10 (b) is a side view.

図１１は、実施例３の第２の構成についての説明図である。図１１は、厚さ6ｍｍの絶縁体3dを、磁性体ブロック11cと外側巻鉄心3との間に、はさんだ状態を示す。図１０（a）は、平面図であり、図１０（b）は、側面図である。 FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the second configuration of the third embodiment. FIG. 11 shows a state in which an insulator 3d having a thickness of 6 mm is sandwiched between the magnetic block 11c and the outer wound iron core 3. 10 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 10 (b) is a side view.

外側巻鉄心3に対して磁性材料を束ねた磁性体ブロック11cを設置した図９の状態での鉄損低減の効果を100とすると、図１０の状態での鉄損低減の効果は126であり、図１１の状態での鉄損低減の効果は100であった。 Assuming that the effect of reducing iron loss in the state of FIG. 9 in which the magnetic material block 11c in which the magnetic material is bundled is installed on the outer wound iron core 3 is 100, the effect of reducing iron loss in the state of FIG. 10 is 126. The effect of reducing iron loss in the state of FIG. 11 was 100.

実施例３によれば、実施例２に比べて、さらに、鉄損を低減することができる。また、絶縁体の接着剤を用いることで、磁性体ブロック11cを外側巻鉄心3に固定することができる。 According to the third embodiment, the iron loss can be further reduced as compared with the second embodiment. Further, the magnetic block 11c can be fixed to the outer wound iron core 3 by using the adhesive of the insulator.

1a:巻鉄心、3:外側巻鉄心、1b:コイル、
1c、2c、3c、4c、5c、6c、7c、8c、9c、10c、11c: 磁性体ブロック1a: wound core, 3: outer wound core, 1b: coil,
1c, 2c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c, 7c, 8c, 9c, 10c, 11c: Magnetic block

Claims (9)

巻鉄心と、
前記巻鉄心に巻かれたコイルと、
磁性体を積層した磁性体ブロックとを有し、
前記磁性体ブロックの積層面は、前記巻鉄心のうち前記コイルが巻かれていない領域または部分に接触するとともに、前記磁性体の主面の長手方向と前記巻鉄心の巻かれた方向である周方向とが異なる方向になるように前記磁性体ブロックが配置され、前記磁性体ブロックの積層面は、前記巻鉄心の外周面に接触するように配置されたことを特徴とする静止機器。 Winding iron core and
The coil wound around the wound iron core and
It has a magnetic block in which magnetic materials are laminated, and has
The laminated surface of the magnetic block is in contact with a region or portion of the wound core in which the coil is not wound, and is the circumferential direction of the main surface of the magnetic material and the winding direction of the wound core. A stationary device characterized in that the magnetic block is arranged so as to be in a direction different from the direction, and the laminated surface of the magnetic block is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the wound iron core. 請求項１に記載の静止機器において、
前記磁性体ブロックの積層面は、前記巻鉄心の外周面および前記コイルに接触するように配置されたことを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 1,
A stationary device in which the laminated surface of the magnetic block is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the wound iron core and the coil. 請求項１に記載の静止機器において、
前記長手方向は、前記周方向に対して略直角な方向にあることを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 1,
A stationary device characterized in that the longitudinal direction is a direction substantially perpendicular to the circumferential direction. 請求項３に記載の静止機器において、
前記磁性体の主面は、長方形状であり、短い辺の側が、前記巻鉄心に接触したことを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 3,
A stationary device characterized in that the main surface of the magnetic material is rectangular and the side of the short side is in contact with the wound iron core. 請求項３に記載の静止機器において、
前記磁性体の主面は、長方形状であり、長い辺が、前記巻鉄心に接触したことを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 3,
A stationary device characterized in that the main surface of the magnetic material is rectangular and the long side is in contact with the wound iron core. 請求項１に記載の静止機器において、
前記積層面と前記巻鉄心の間に、絶縁体を配置したことを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 1,
A stationary device characterized in that an insulator is arranged between the laminated surface and the wound iron core. 請求項１に記載の静止機器において、
前記巻鉄心は、非晶質の材料で構成されたことを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 1,
The wound iron core is a stationary device characterized in that it is made of an amorphous material. 請求項１に記載の静止機器において、
前記磁性体は、方向性電磁鋼板であることを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 1,
The magnetic material is a stationary device characterized in that it is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. 請求項６に記載の静止機器において、
前記絶縁体は、接着剤であり、前記絶縁体が、前記磁性体ブロックと前記巻鉄心とを固定することを特徴とする静止機器。 In the stationary device according to claim 6,
The insulator is an adhesive, and the insulator is a stationary device that fixes the magnetic block and the wound iron core.
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