JP6882902B2 - Shaft structure, impermeable method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shaft structure and a method of impermeable water in a shaft structure.

Some power plants use large amounts of seawater to cool turbines. A simple example of this seawater flow is sea area ⇒ intake ⇒ intake channel ⇒ intake pit ⇒ pump ⇒ circulating water piping ⇒ turbine ⇒ circulating water piping ⇒ water discharge pit ⇒ flood channel ⇒ water discharge port ⇒ sea area (for example, patent documents). 1).

Generally, a shaft 100 is provided near the ends of the drainage channel on the discharge pit side and the discharge port side as shown in FIG. 7, and the flow paths 200 are connected to both sides thereof. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a vertical cross section of the shaft 100 and the flow path 200 along the flow direction of seawater. Further, the cross sections along the lines aa to ee of FIG. 7 are shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (e). Hereinafter, the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of seawater as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8E may be simply referred to as a cross section.

The shaft 100 is divided into a corner drop installation chamber 120 and a maintenance chamber 130 on a plane by a partition wall 110 having a rectangular opening 1101. The corner drop installation room 120 is provided for water shielding by corner drop, and the maintenance room 130 is provided for small heavy machinery and workers to enter during maintenance and inspection in the flow path 200. The flat surfaces of the corner drop installation room 120 and the maintenance room 130 are substantially rectangular.

In a plurality of shafts 100 in the flood bypass, a plate-shaped corner drop is installed in the corner drop installation chamber 120 to block water, the flow path 200 between the shafts 100, the maintenance room 130, etc. are dried, and the flow is performed from the maintenance room 130. A small heavy machine or a worker is put in the road 200 to perform maintenance or the like. The corner drop is temporarily placed on the ground during the operation of the floodway, and is installed only when the water is blocked.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-228148

The cross section of the flow path 200 on both sides of the shaft 100 is substantially circular, but in the shaft 100, the cross section of the seawater flow path changes from the substantially circular shape of the flow path 200 and returns to the substantially circular shape of the flow path 200. As a result, in addition to the friction between the inner surface of the flow path 200 and the seawater, the flow of flowing water is disturbed by the change in the cross section of the flow path in the shaft 100, so that the head loss of the entire drainage channel becomes large.

Generally, the shaft 100 is provided at two locations in the drainage channel, and the head loss due to the above-mentioned cross-sectional change becomes very large. For example, if the length of the drainage channel is 1900 m, the inner diameter of the drainage channel is 4.6 m, and the adhesion of shells to the drainage channel is taken into consideration, the total head loss at the shaft 100 on the discharge pit side and the discharge port side is about the entire drainage channel. There is also a trial calculation result that it occupies a large value of 20%.

The head loss of the entire drainage channel is generally determined in advance as a design condition, and if the head loss cannot be protected, the diameter of the flow path 200 is increased, and the shell attached to the inner surface of the flow path 200 is used. It is necessary to take measures such as frequent removal and flowing chlorine to prevent shells from adhering to the inner surface of the flow path 200, which increases the cost for construction and maintenance.

The above explanation has been given for the flood bypass, but the same applies to the intake channel.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shaft structure capable of reducing the head loss and a water shielding method in the shaft structure.

The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a shaft structure in which a flow path provided in the ground is connected to a shaft, and the inside of the shaft when a fluid flowing through the flow path flows through the shaft. The flow path has a cross-sectional shape substantially equivalent to that of the flow path in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid, and the shaft internal flow path has an extension portion of the flow path, and the extension portion. peripheral wall of, Ri integral der peripheral wall of the passage, the peripheral wall of the extension portion, an opening for maintenance of the flow channel is provided, the opening is characterized that you have been closed by the lid It is a shaft structure.

In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the flow path in the shaft does not change from the flow path connected to the shaft, and the turbulence of the fluid is eliminated, so that the head loss in the shaft can be reduced. Therefore, the diameter of the flow path is increased in order to reduce the overall head loss of the intake channel, the drainage channel, etc., the shells attached to the inner surface of the flow path are frequently removed, and the shells are not attached to the inner surface of the flow path. Therefore, it is not necessary to take measures such as flowing chlorine, and the cost for construction and maintenance can be suppressed.

The flow path is, for example, a seawater intake or discharge channel in a power plant.
As a result, it becomes possible to reduce the head loss in the shaft of the seawater intake channel and the drainage channel in the power plant and reduce the cost.

A corner drop is installed in the first chamber in the shaft, and the corner drop has an opening, which has a shape substantially equivalent to a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid in the flow path. However, it is desirable to construct the shaft flow path. Further, it is desirable that the corner drop is composed of a plurality of plate materials having recesses.
This makes it possible to prevent a change in cross section in the room space where the angle drop is installed in the shaft. Further, by configuring the corner drop having an opening with a plurality of plate materials having a recess, the corner drop can be easily installed, and the above-mentioned opening can be formed by combining the recesses.

Before Kifuta, through hole penetrating through the lid it is preferably provided.
According to the first invention, it is possible to prevent a change in cross section due to an opening used for maintenance or the like in the flow path in the shaft. Further, by providing the through hole in the lid, it is possible to prevent an excessive force from being applied to the lid due to water pressure.

The inside of the shaft is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition wall, and the partition wall has an opening, which is substantially equivalent to a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid in the flow path. It is desirable that it has a shape, constitutes the shaft flow path, and the extension portion extends in the second chamber until it reaches the partition wall.
This makes it possible to prevent a change in cross section at the opening of the partition wall that separates the first chamber and the second chamber in the shaft.

The second invention is a water-impervious method characterized in that after removing the corner drop having the opening in the shaft structure, the corner drop without the opening is installed in the first chamber.
By replacing the corner drop having an opening with a corner drop without an opening in this way, water shielding in the shaft structure can be preferably performed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a shaft structure capable of reducing the head loss and a water shielding method in the shaft structure.

The figure which shows the outline of the shaft 1 and the flow path 2. The figure which shows the shaft structure 10. The figure which shows the shaft structure 10. The figure which shows the cross section of the shaft 1 and the flow path 2. The figure which shows the flow path f in a shaft. The figure which shows the impermeable method. The figure which shows the shaft 100 and the flow path 200. The figure which shows the cross section of the shaft 100 and the flow path 200.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1. Shaft sink 1 and flow path 2)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a shaft 1 and a flow path 2 constituting the shaft structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the above, the shaft 1 is provided for water shielding, maintenance, etc. at a plurality of locations in the middle of the intake channel or the discharge channel (flow path 2) through which seawater (fluid) for cooling the turbine of the power plant flows. And.

The shaft 1 is provided, for example, near the ends of the water discharge pit side and the water discharge port side of the drainage channel, near the ends of the intake pit side and the intake port side of the intake channel, or at an intermediate portion between them. Channels 2 are connected to both sides of the shaft 1.

(2. Shaft sink structure 10)
2 and 3 are views showing the shaft structure 10. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a vertical cross section of the shaft structure 10 along the flow direction of seawater, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a horizontal cross section along the line AA of FIG. Further, the cross sections along the lines BB to FF of FIG. 2 are shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (e). Hereinafter, the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of seawater as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E may be simply referred to as a cross section.

As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the shaft structure 10 has a shaft 1 and flow paths 2 on both sides thereof. This shaft structure 10 corresponds to the shaft structure 10 on the left side of FIG.

The shaft 1 is a bottomed tubular concrete structure. The plane of the shaft 1 is substantially rectangular, but is not limited to this.

The flow path 2 is formed inside a concrete shield tunnel or the like provided in the ground. The cross-sectional shapes of the flow paths 2 on both sides of the shaft 1 are the same, and in the present embodiment, they are substantially circular.

The plane of the shaft 1 is divided into a corner drop installation room 12 (first room) and a maintenance room 13 (second room) by a vertical partition wall 11 as described above. The flat surfaces of the corner drop installation room 12 and the maintenance room 13 are substantially rectangular.

An opening 111 is provided in the lower part of the partition wall 11. As shown in FIG. 4C, the opening 111 has a substantially circular shape, and has a shape substantially equivalent to the cross section of the flow paths 2 on both sides of the shaft 1.

The corner drop installation chamber 12 is a room space for installing a plate-shaped corner drop, and has a narrow flat surface corresponding to the thickness of the corner drop. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, grooves 121 for positioning the corner drop are provided on the bottom surface and the side surface of the corner drop installation chamber 12. The side wall of the groove 121 serves as a door stop that abuts on the corner drop.

When the intake channel or the flood channel is in service, the corner drop 14 is installed along the groove 121 of the corner drop installation chamber 12. The corner drop 14 has an opening 142.

As shown in FIG. 4B, in the present embodiment, the corner drop 14 is formed by two substantially rectangular plate members 141 having substantially semicircular recesses, and both plate members 141 are vertically stacked and the recesses are combined. As a result, the opening 142 is formed. For example, concrete or steel is used for the plate material 141. The opening 142 has a substantially circular shape, and has a shape substantially equivalent to the cross section of the flow paths 2 on both sides of the shaft 1.

In this embodiment, a hanging portion (not shown) is provided on the upper portion of these plate members 141. It is possible to attach a hanging material such as a wire to the hanging portion, suspend the plate material 141 from the upper part of the shaft 1 to the corner drop installation chamber 12 using a crane, a jack, or the like, and lift the plate material 141.

The maintenance room 13 is a room space used for entering and exiting small heavy machinery, workers, and the like when performing maintenance and inspection of intake channels and flood channels. An extension portion 2'of the flow path 2 is arranged in the lower part of the maintenance room 13. The cross-sectional shape of the extension portion 2'is substantially the same as that of the flow path 2, and the extension portion 2'reaches the opening 111 of the partition wall 11.

In the maintenance room 13, an opening 131 is provided in the peripheral wall of the extension portion 2'. The opening 131 is used for entering and exiting the above-mentioned small heavy machinery, workers, and the like. In the present embodiment, the opening 131 is closed by the lid 132 in order to prevent the cross-sectional change in the opening 131.

The lid 132 is made of reinforced concrete or the like, and has a substantially fan-shaped shape as a whole as shown in FIG. 4 (d). The lid 132 is provided with a convex portion 1320 projecting downward, and the convex portion 1320 is inserted into the above-mentioned opening 131.

The lower surface of the convex portion 1320 is recessed in a substantially arc shape, and when the convex portion 1320 is inserted into the opening 131, the lower surface is arranged along the inner surface of the extension portion 2'of the flow path 2. As a result, in the maintenance room 13, the position corresponding to the opening 131 of the extension portion 2'of the flow path 2 is also finished with a cross-sectional shape substantially equivalent to that of the flow path 2.

The upper surface of the lid 132 has a substantially arc shape along the outer surface of the peripheral wall of the extension portion 2'of the flow path 2, and the outer peripheral portion thereof is fastened to the peripheral wall of the extension portion 2'by a fastener 1322 such as a bolt. As a result, the lid 132 can be attached and detached while preventing the lid 132 from rising when a sudden water level change occurs.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent an excessive force from being applied to the lid 132 due to water pressure, a through hole 1321 that penetrates the lid 132 up and down is provided. The diameter of the through hole 1321 is, for example, about 200 mm, but the diameter is not limited to this.

When the intake channel or the drainage channel is in service, seawater fills the inside of the corner drop installation chamber 12 through a minute gap between the corner drop 14 and the corner drop installation chamber 12. Also in the maintenance room 13, seawater is filled inside the maintenance room 13 through the through hole 1321 described above. As a result, the water level in the shaft 1 is about the same as the sea level and is above the upper end of the flow path 2.

FIG. 5f shows an in-shaft flow path when seawater flows through the shaft 1. In the present embodiment, the seawater flows in the order of flow path 2 ⇒ opening 142 of the corner drop 14 of the corner drop installation chamber 12 ⇒ opening 111 of the partition wall 11 ⇒ extension portion 2'⇒ flow path 2 of the flow path 2 of the maintenance chamber 13. The shaft flow path f is composed of an opening 142 of a corner drop 14, an opening 111 of a partition wall 11, and an extension portion 2'of the flow path 2. These cross sections have substantially the same shape as the cross sections of the flow paths 2 on both sides of the shaft 1, and the entire flow path f in the shaft has a cross section shape substantially the same as that of the flow path 2 and is substantially constant. ..

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the cross-sectional shape of the shaft flow path f does not change from the flow path 2, the turbulence of the flowing water is eliminated and the head loss is reduced. For example, the head loss can be set to a value equivalent to that of the flow paths 2 on both sides of the shaft 1 (for example, 0.001 m per 1 m of the flow path length).

(3. Impermeable method in shaft structure 10)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a water shielding method in the shaft structure 10. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a cross section similar to that of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the line GG of FIG. 6A.

When performing maintenance of the intake channel or the flood channel, the corner drop 14 is replaced with the corner drop 15 shown in FIG. At this time, after the corner drop 14 (plate material 141) is lifted from the corner drop installation room 12 and removed, the corner drop 15 for impermeable water is installed in each of a plurality of shafts 1 (see FIG. 1) of the intake channel or the flood channel. To block water. The corner drop 15 is installed along the groove 121 of the corner drop installation chamber 12 in the same manner as described above.

The corner drop 15 is composed of a plurality of substantially rectangular plate members 151, which are stacked vertically in the corner drop installation chamber 12 so that the upper end thereof is above the water surface in the shaft 1. The plate material 151 is made of concrete or steel, and when these are stacked one above the other, an opening like the corner drop 14 is not formed.

Similar to the above, these plate members 151 are also provided with a hanging portion (not shown) at the upper part. It is possible to attach a hanging material such as a wire to the hanging portion, suspend the plate material 151 from the upper part of the shaft 1 to the corner drop installation chamber 12 using a crane, a jack, or the like, and lift the plate material 151.

After water is blocked in each shaft 1 in this way, the maintenance room 13 and the flow path 2 between the shafts 1 are drained to a dry state, and the lid 132 is removed from the opening 131. Then, a small heavy machine or the like is carried into the flow path 2 from the maintenance room 13 through the opening 131, a worker is put in, and maintenance of the flow path 2 or the like is performed. After the maintenance and the like are completed, the lid 132 is attached to the opening 131 in a dry state.

After that, the corner drop 15 (plate material 151) is lifted from the corner drop installation room 12 and removed, and the corner drop 14 (plate material 141) is suspended and installed in the corner drop installation room 12 as described above. Similarly, seawater can flow through the shaft 1 and the flow path 2. By suspending and lifting the plate members 141 and 151 as described above, the corner drop 14 and the corner drop 15 can be easily exchanged.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the shaft flow path f does not change from the flow path 2, and the turbulence of the flowing water is eliminated, so that the head loss in the shaft 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the diameter of the flow path 2 is increased in order to reduce the head loss of the entire intake channel and the discharge channel, the shells attached to the inner surface of the flow path 2 are frequently removed, and the shells are attached to the inner surface of the flow path 2. There is no need to take measures such as flowing chlorine to prevent it, and the cost for construction and maintenance can be suppressed.

In particular, in the present embodiment, by installing the corner drop 14 having an opening 142 having a shape substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 2 in the corner drop installation chamber 12, it is possible to prevent the cross-sectional change in the corner drop installation chamber 12. .. Further, by forming the corner drop 14 having the opening 142 by the plurality of plate members 141 having the recess, the corner drop 14 can be easily installed, and the opening 142 can be formed by combining the recesses. Further, by replacing the corner drop 14 with a corner drop 15 having no opening, water can be suitably shielded in the shaft structure 10.

In the maintenance room 13, the opening 131 of the peripheral wall of the extension portion 2'of the flow path 2 used for maintenance or the like is closed with the lid 132, so that the cross-sectional change due to the opening 131 can be prevented. Further, by providing the through hole 1321 in the lid 132, it is possible to prevent an excessive force from being applied to the lid 132 due to water pressure.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the opening 111 of the partition wall 11 also has a cross-sectional shape substantially equivalent to that of the flow path 2, it is possible to prevent the cross-sectional change in the opening 111.

Further, the shaft 1 of the present embodiment is provided in the seawater intake channel or the drainage channel for cooling the turbine of the power plant, whereby the head loss of the shaft 1 of the intake channel or the drainage channel can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. ..

However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the shaft 1 of the present embodiment is provided in the above-mentioned seawater intake channel or flood channel, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a similar structure can be applied to a shaft provided in various flow paths. The fluid flowing through the flow path is not limited to seawater, but may be groundwater, rainwater, or the like.

Further, in the present embodiment, the corner drop 14, 15 is composed of a plurality of plate materials 141, 151, but it may be composed of one plate material.

Further, in the present embodiment, the cross section of the flow path 2 is substantially circular, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other shapes such as a substantially elliptical shape and a substantially rectangular shape may be used. In this case as well, the cross-sectional change of the shaft flow path f can be suppressed and the head loss can be reduced by the same method as in the present embodiment.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modifications or modifications within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

1, 100: Shaft 2, 200: Flow path 2': Extension 10: Shaft structure 11, 110: Partition 12, 120: Corner drop installation room 13, 130: Maintenance room 14, 15: Corner drop 111, 131, 142 , 1301: Opening 121: Groove 132: Lid 141, 151: Plate material f: Shaft sink flow path

Claims (7)

It is a shaft structure in which the flow path provided in the ground is connected to the shaft.
The in-shaft flow path when the fluid flowing through the flow path flows in the shaft has a cross-sectional shape substantially equivalent to that of the flow path in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid.
The vertical shaft internal channel has an extension of the flow path, the peripheral wall of the extension portion, Ri integral der peripheral wall of the flow path,
Wherein the peripheral wall of the extension, an opening is provided for the maintenance of the flow path, the vertical shaft structure the opening is characterized that you have been closed by the lid. The shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein the flow path is a seawater intake or discharge channel in a power plant. A corner drop was installed in the first chamber of the shaft.
The corner drop has an opening
The first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the opening has a shape substantially equivalent to a cross section of the flow path in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid, and constitutes the shaft flow path. Shaft structure. The shaft structure according to claim 3, wherein the corner drop is composed of a plurality of plate materials having recesses. The shaft structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the lid is provided with a through hole penetrating the lid. The inside of the shaft is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition wall, and the inside of the shaft is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber.
The partition has an opening
The opening has a shape substantially equivalent to a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the fluid in the flow path, and constitutes the shaft flow path .
The shaft structure according to claim 3 , wherein the extension portion extends in the second chamber until it reaches the partition wall. After removing the corner drop having the opening in the shaft structure according to claim 3 or 4.
A water shielding method characterized by installing a corner drop without an opening in the first room.

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