JP6873754B2 - Multi-row self-aligning roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a double-row self-aligning roller bearing applied to an application in which an uneven load is applied to two rows of rollers arranged in the bearing width direction, for example, a bearing that supports a spindle of a wind power generator or an industrial machine. ..

In addition to the radial load due to the weight of the blades and rotor heads, the axial load due to wind power acts on the bearings that support the spindle of the wind power generator. When the bearing for supporting the spindle is a double-row self-aligning roller bearing 41 as shown in FIG. 10, among the two rows of rollers 44 and 45 interposed between the inner ring 42 and the outer ring 43, mainly with respect to the axial load Fa. Only the roller 45 in one of the rear rows receives the axial load Fa. That is, the rollers 45 in one row receive both radial and axial loads, while the rollers 44 in the other row receive almost only radial loads. Therefore, the roller 45 in the row that receives the axial load has a larger contact surface pressure than the roller 44 in the row that receives only the radial load, and the rolling surface of the roller 45 and the raceway surface 43a of the outer ring 43 are damaged or worn. Is likely to occur and the rolling life is short. Therefore, the actual life of the entire bearing is determined by the rolling life of the 45 rows of rollers that receive the axial load.

In response to the above problem, the lengths L1 and L2 of the two rows of rollers 54 and 55 interposed between the inner ring 52 and the outer ring 53 are made different from each other as in the double row self-aligning roller bearing 51 shown in FIG. Therefore, it has been proposed that the load capacity of the roller 55 in the row receiving the axial load be larger than the load capacity of the roller 54 in the row receiving the axial load (Patent Document 1). By setting the roller lengths L1 and L2 so that the load capacity of the rollers 54 and 55 in each row becomes an appropriate size, the rolling life of the rollers 54 and 55 in each row becomes almost the same, and the bearing as a whole is substantially the same. The life can be improved.

Further, as in the double row self-aligning roller bearing 61 shown in FIG. 12, the contact angles θ1 and θ2 of the two rows of rollers 64 and 65 interposed between the inner ring 62 and the outer ring 63 are made different from each other, and the contact angle θ2 is formed. It has been proposed that a large axial load can be received at 65 when the bearing is large (Patent Document 2). By setting the contact angles θ1 and θ2 so that the load capacitance of the rollers 64 and 65 in each row becomes an appropriate size, the rolling life of the rollers 64 and 65 in each row becomes almost the same, and the actual life of the entire bearing becomes almost the same. Can be improved.

International Publication No. 2005/05/0038 Pamphlet U.S. Pat. No. 2014/0112607

As described above, the lengths L1 and L2 of the rollers 54 and 55 in the two rows may be different from each other as shown in FIG. 11, or the contact angles θ1 and θ2 of the rollers 64 and 65 in the two rows as shown in FIG. By making the bearings different from each other, the load capacities of the rollers 55 and 65 in the row receiving the axial load can be increased, and the actual life of the entire bearing can be improved. However, due to the limitation of the bearing dimensional standard (ISO standard; JIS B 1512), if only one of the above two methods is used, the load capacity of the rollers 55 and 65 that receive the axial load is appropriate. It is difficult to raise it to a reasonable value. That is, since the inner diameter, the outer diameter, and the bearing width are each determined by the dimensional standard with respect to the nominal number, if the length L2 of the roller 55 of the row receiving the axial load in FIG. 11 is made too long, the bearing width B becomes. Exceeds the standard value. Further, if the contact angle θ2 of the rollers 65 in the row receiving the axial load in FIG. 12 is made too large, the inner diameter d exceeds the standard value.

Therefore, in order to equalize the contact surface pressure between the row that receives the axial load and the row that receives only the radial load without the dimensions of each part deviating from the dimensional standard of the bearing, a method of making the lengths of the rollers of the two rows different from each other. We tried to combine the method of making the contact angles of the two rows different from each other. In that case, it is important to increase the contact angle of the rollers of the row that receives the axial load so that the load capacity of the roller is sufficiently large, and the appropriate ratio of the contact angles of the rollers of both rows for that purpose is specified in the standard. You need to find it within range.

An object of the present invention is to be suitable for use in an application where loads of different sizes act on two rows of rollers arranged in the axial direction under an axial load and a radial load, and both rows are within the constraints of the dimensional standard. It is an object of the present invention to provide a double-row self-aligning roller bearing capable of sufficiently increasing the load capacity of the rollers in a row that receives an axial load by appropriately determining the ratio of the contact angles of the rollers.

In the double-row self-aligning roller bearing of the present invention, rollers are interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring in two rows arranged in the bearing width direction, and the raceway surface of the outer ring is spherical. Has a cross-sectional shape in which the outer peripheral surface follows the raceway surface of the outer ring.
The two rows of rollers have different lengths, the length of the long roller is 39% or more of the bearing width, and the ratio of the contact angle of the short roller to the contact angle of the long roller. There 1: 2 to 1: Ru near within the range of 4.

According to this configuration, by making the lengths of the two rows of rollers different from each other, the longer rollers have a larger load capacity than the shorter rollers. Further, by making the contact angle of the long roller larger than the contact angle of the short roller, the long roller can bear a large axial load. By making the contact angle of the long roll larger than the contact angle of the short roll, the contact angle of the short roll becomes smaller, and the load capacity of the radial load of the short roll becomes smaller. improves.

When this double-row self-aligning roller bearing is used under conditions where axial load and radial load act, it is long when the length is long and the contact angle is large, and almost all of the axial load and part of the radial load are borne. When the length is short and the contact angle is small, the rest of the radial load is borne. By sharing and bearing the axial load and the radial load between the rollers in the two rows at such a sharing ratio, the contact surface pressure between the rollers in both rows can be made uniform. As a result, a large load capacity can be secured for the entire bearing, and the actual life of the entire bearing can be improved.

It is assumed that multiple double-row self-aligning roller bearings with different ratios of roller contact angles in both rows are prepared and each double-row self-aligning roller bearing is used as a bearing for supporting the spindle of a wind power generator. The contact surface pressures of the rollers in both rows at that time were analyzed under axial load and radial load. As a result, it was found that when the contact angle ratio was 1: 3, the contact surface pressures of the rollers in both rows were most equalized.

The assumed axial load and radial load refer to the axial load and radial load when the average wind power generation device is operating most normally in consideration of various conditions such as power generation capacity and installation location. Therefore, in a double-row self-aligning roller bearing used in a wind power generation device having different conditions as compared with an average wind power generation device, the optimum contact angle ratio may not be 1: 3. However, even in that case, the optimum contact angle ratio is within the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4. Therefore, the ratio of the contact angles of the rollers in both rows should be in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4. If the contact angle ratio is 1: 4 or more, the wall thickness of the inner ring becomes too thin due to dimensional restrictions, and it becomes difficult to arrange rollers having a long length and a large contact angle.

By adding the condition that the length of the long roller is 39% or more of the bearing width, the ratio of the contact angles of the rollers in both rows becomes the above-mentioned appropriate range within the range of the dimensional standard. It has been found that multi-row self-aligning roller bearings can be obtained.

The two-row rollers are asymmetric rollers whose maximum diameter is deviated from the center of the roller length, and have a middle brim that guides the two-row rollers between the two-row rollers on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. It is not.
In the case of asymmetric rollers, an induced thrust load is generated. The middle brim supports this induced thrust load. The combination of the asymmetric roller and the middle brim has good roller guidance accuracy.
In the present invention, the center position of the inner ring of the middle brim in the bearing width direction is on the side of the longer roller than the position in the bearing width direction of the point where the action lines forming the contact angles of both rows intersect with each other. It may be out of alignment.

This multi-row self-aligning roller bearing is suitable for supporting the spindle of a wind power generator.
Radial loads due to the weight of the blades and rotor heads and axial loads due to wind power act on the double-row self-aligning roller bearings that support the spindle of the wind power generator. Of the two rows of rollers lined up in the bearing width direction, one roller row receives both radial and axial loads, and the other row receives almost only radial loads. In that case, the rows that receive the axial load are long and the contact angle is large, and the rows that receive almost only the radial load are short and the contact angle is small. The contact surface pressure around the rows can be made almost even.

Each cage is provided with a cage for holding the rollers of each row, and each cage has an annular ring portion that guides the axially inner end face of the rollers of each row, and an annular portion that extends axially and is circular from the annular portion. A plurality of pillars provided at intervals determined along the circumferential direction are provided, pockets for holding the rollers are provided between the pillars, and one cage for holding the long rollers is described as described above. The outer diameter surface of the pillar has an inclination angle that inclines inward in the radial direction from the base end side toward the tip end side.
Each of the rollers has a DLC coating on the roller rolling surface and crowning at the end of the roller rolling surface.
The inner ring is provided between the rollers of the two rows on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, and is provided at both ends of the outer peripheral surface and has an axially outer end surface of the rollers of each row. The inner ring may be provided with a small brim facing the bearing, and the inner ring may be provided with a groove for inserting the long roller into the bearing in the small brim facing the axially outer end face of the long roller. ..
The predetermined interval is an interval arbitrarily determined by design or the like, and is determined by, for example, one or both of test and simulation to obtain an appropriate interval.
The DLC is an abbreviation for Diamond-like Carbon.

According to this configuration, since each roller has a DLC coating on the roller rolling surface, wear resistance can be improved. As a result, wear of the roller rolling surface, the inner ring, and the raceway surface of the outer ring is less likely to occur than the one without the DLC coating. Further, since the crowning is provided at the end of the roller rolling surface, the edge stress can be relaxed.
One of the cages that holds the long rollers has an inclination angle in which the outer diameter surface of the column portion is inclined inward in the radial direction from the proximal end side to the distal end side, so that the pocket surface of the cage is the maximum diameter of the rollers. You can hold the position. As a result, the posture stability at a long time is not impaired, and it is possible to easily incorporate the product at a long time. Of each small brim, the inner ring is provided with a groove for inserting the long roller into the bearing on the small brim facing the outer end surface in the axial direction of the long roller, so that the ease of incorporation of the long roller can be further improved. ..

In the double-row self-aligning roller bearing of the present invention, rollers are interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring in two rows arranged in the bearing width direction, and the raceway surface of the outer ring is spherical. Has a cross-sectional shape in which the outer peripheral surface follows the raceway surface of the outer ring, the rollers in the two rows have different lengths from each other, and the length of the long rollers is 39% or more of the bearing width, and the length is long. Since the ratio of the contact angle when the bearing is short to the contact angle when the length is long is in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4, it is subjected to axial load and radial load, and the two rows of rollers arranged in the axial direction are placed on each other. It is suitable for use in applications where loads of different sizes act, and by properly determining the ratio of the contact angles of the rollers in both rows within the limits of the dimensional standard, the load capacity of the rollers in the row that receives the axial load can be adjusted. It can be large enough.
Further, the position of the maximum diameter is an asymmetric roller deviated from the center of the roller length, and an asymmetrical roller having a middle brim for guiding the two rows of rollers between the two rows of rollers on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. Since it is a roller, an induced thrust load is generated, and the middle brim supports this induced thrust load. The combination of the asymmetric roller and the middle brim has good roller guidance accuracy.

It is sectional drawing of the multi-row self-aligning roller bearing which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of an asymmetric roller. It is a graph which shows the distribution analysis result of the contact surface pressure of the roller on the front side when the combined load of the axial load and the radial load is applied to the same double row self-aligning roller bearing and the conventional double row self-aligning roller bearing, respectively. .. It is a graph which shows the distribution analysis result of the contact surface pressure of the rear side roller when the combined load of the axial load and the radial load is applied to the same double row self-aligning roller bearing and the conventional double row self-aligning roller bearing, respectively. .. The distribution analysis result of the contact surface pressure of the rollers on the front side when a combined load of axial load and radial load is applied to multiple types of multi-row self-aligning roller bearings with different roller contact angle ratios for both rows is shown. It is a graph. The distribution analysis result of the contact surface pressure of the rollers on the rear side is shown when a combined load of axial load and radial load is applied to multiple types of multi-row self-aligning roller bearings with different roller contact angle ratios in both rows. It is a graph. It is a figure which illustrated the ratio of the roller length to the bearing width for a plurality of conventional double row self-aligning roller bearings on the same drawing. It is a perspective view which cut out and represented a part of an example of the spindle support device of a wind power generation device. It is a breaking side view of the spindle support device. It is sectional drawing of the conventional general double row self-aligning roller bearing. It is sectional drawing of the double row self-aligning roller bearing of the 1st proposal example. It is sectional drawing of the double row self-aligning roller bearing of the 2nd proposal example. It is sectional drawing of the double row self-aligning roller bearing which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged sectional view which shows a part of the double row self-aligning roller bearing in an enlarged manner. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view which shows the DLC coating of the roller of the same double row self-aligning roller bearing. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view which shows the insertion groove of the inner ring of the same double row self-aligning roller bearing. It is an end view which looked at the insertion groove of the inner ring from the axial direction. It is sectional drawing of the double row self-aligning roller bearing which concerns on still another Embodiment of this invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1, two left and right rows of rollers 4 and 5 arranged in the bearing width direction are interposed between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3. The raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3 has a spherical shape, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 in the left and right rows have a cross-sectional shape along the raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3. In other words, the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 are rotating curved surfaces obtained by rotating an arc along the raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3 around the center lines C1 and C2. The inner ring 2 is formed with double-row raceway surfaces 2a and 2b having a cross-sectional shape along the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 in the left and right rows. A brim (small brim) 6 and 7 are provided at both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2. A middle brim 8 is provided at the center of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2, that is, between the rollers 4 in the left row and the rollers 5 in the right row.

As shown exaggerated in FIG. 2, the rollers 4 and 5 in each of the left and right rows are _{asymmetric rollers in which the positions of the maximum diameters D1 max} and D2 _max deviate from the centers A1 and A2 of the roller length. _{The position of the maximum diameter D1 max} of the roller 4 in the left column is on the right side of the center A1 of the roller length, and the position of the maximum diameter D2 _max of the roller 5 in the right column is on the left side of the center A2 of the roller length. An induced thrust load is generated at the rollers 4 and 5 in each of the left and right rows composed of such asymmetric rollers. The middle brim 8 of the inner ring 2 is provided to receive this induced thrust load. The combination of the asymmetric rollers 4 and 5 and the middle brim 8 guides the rollers 4 and 5 at three locations, the inner ring 2, the outer ring 3, and the middle brim 8, so that the guidance accuracy is good.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rollers 4 in the left column and the rollers 5 in the right column _{have the same maximum diameters D1 max} and D2 _{max, and} have different lengths L1 and L2 along the center lines C1 and C2. .. The length L2 of the long roller 5 is 39% or more of the bearing width B.

Further, the contact angle θ2 of the long roller 5 is larger than the contact angle θ1 of the short roller 4. The ratio of the contact angle θ1 of the short roller 4 to the contact angle θ2 of the long roller 5 is set within the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4. The most preferable ratio of the contact angles θ1 and θ2 is 1: 3. The reason will be explained later. Specifically, the range of the contact angle θ1 is, for example, 5 ° to 7 °, and the range of the contact angle θ2 is, for example, 14 ° to 16 °.

The position in the bearing width direction of the point P where the action lines S1 and S2 forming the contact angles θ1 and θ2 of both rows intersect each other is on the side of the roller 4 whose length is shorter than the center position Q in the bearing width direction of the middle brim 8. The distance is K. As a result, the contact angle θ2 of the long roller 5 can be increased without making the long roller 5 longer than necessary. The action lines S1 and S2 are lines on which the combined force of the forces acting on the contact portions between the rollers 4 and 5 and the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 acts. The point P where the action lines S1 and S2 intersect each other is located on the bearing central axis O.

The rollers 4 and 5 in the left and right rows are held by the cages 10L and 10R, respectively. In the cage 10L for the left row, a plurality of pillars 12 extend to the left from the ring portion 11, and the rollers 4 in the left row are held in the pockets between the pillars 12. In the cage 10R for the right row, a plurality of pillars 12 extend to the right from the ring portion 11, and the rollers 5 in the right row are held in the pockets between the pillars 12.

The multi-row self-aligning roller bearing 1 having this configuration is used as a spindle support bearing of an application such as a wind power generator, which receives an axial load and a radial load and exerts loads of different sizes on the left and right roller rows. In that case, the double row self-aligning roller bearing 1 is installed so that the roller 4 in the left row is located on the side closer to the swivel blade (front side) and the roller 5 in the right row is located on the far side (rear side). To do. As a result, the roller 5 in the right column having a long length L2 and a large contact angle θ2 bears almost all of the axial load and a part of the radial load, and the roller 5 in the left column having a short length L1 and a small contact angle θ1. Roller 4 bears the rest of the radial load.

By appropriately setting the lengths L1 and L2 of the rollers 4 and 5 and the contact angles θ1 and θ2, the load can be shared at a ratio corresponding to the load capacity of the rollers 4 and 5 in each of the left and right rows. As a result, the surface pressures of the rollers 4 and 5 in each of the left and right rows become equal. As a result, it is possible to secure a large load capacity for the entire bearing and improve the actual life of the entire bearing.

Axial load assumed when the conventional double row self-aligning roller bearing 41 shown in FIG. 10 and the double row self-aligning roller bearing 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 are used as a bearing for supporting a spindle of a wind power generator. The contact surface pressures of the rollers in both the left and right rows were analyzed during the combined load of and the radial load. FIG. 3 shows the contact surface pressure distribution of the rollers 44 and 4 on the front side, that is, the left column, and FIG. 4 shows the contact surface pressure analysis result distribution of the rollers 44,5 on the rear side, that is, the right column.

The following can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4. In the conventional product of FIG. 10, the contact surface pressure is small on the front side and the contact surface pressure is large on the rear side, and the load load is uneven on the front side and the rear side. On the other hand, in the product with the changed contact angle shown in FIG. 1, the contact surface pressure on the entire roller is generated on the front side, so that the maximum value of the contact surface pressure on the rear side is lowered and the contact surface pressure difference between the two rows is small. It is equalized.

Further, in the same manner as described above, three types of double-row self-aligning roller bearings having different ratios between the contact angle θ1 of the rollers 4 in the left row and the contact angle θ2 of the rollers 5 in the right row are used. The contact surface pressure was analyzed. FIG. 5 shows the contact surface pressure analysis result distribution of the roller 5 on the rear side, that is, the left column, and FIG. 6 shows the contact surface pressure analysis result distribution of the roller 4 on the front side, that is, the right column. A product having a contact angle ratio of 1: 1 is a conventional product, and a product having a contact angle ratio of 1: 2 and 1: 3 is a contact angle modified product of the present invention.

The following can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6. Comparing the contact surface pressure distributions for each contact angle ratio, those with a contact angle ratio of 1: 3 have the most uniform contact surface pressure on the front side and the rear side. A contact angle ratio of 1: 2 is not equalized as compared with a contact angle ratio of 1: 3, but is sufficiently equalized as compared with a contact angle ratio of 1: 1. Has been done. As can be seen from FIG. 1, when the contact angle θ2 of the roller 5 becomes large, the wall thickness of the inner ring 2 becomes too thin due to dimensional restrictions, so that it becomes difficult to arrange the roller 5 having a long length. From these facts, it is desirable that the contact angle ratio is 1: 2 or more and 1: 4 or less.

The assumed axial load and radial load refer to the axial load and radial load when the average wind power generation device is operating most normally in consideration of various conditions such as power generation capacity and installation location. .. Therefore, in a double-row self-aligning roller bearing used in a wind power generation device having different conditions as compared with an average wind power generation device, the optimum contact angle ratio may not be 1: 3. However, even in that case, the optimum contact angle ratio is within the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4.

Further, by adding the condition that the length L2 of the long roller 5 is 39% or more of the bearing width B, the ratio of the contact angles of the rollers in both rows is made appropriate as described above within the range of the dimensional standard. Double row self-aligning roller bearings can be obtained. Regarding the conventional double-row self-aligning roller bearing, the ratio of the length L2 of the roller 5 to the bearing width B was investigated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, it was found that the ratio was 39% or more. The above dimensional standard is a standard that defines the inner diameter, outer diameter, and bearing width.

8 and 9 show an example of the spindle support device of the wind power generation device. The casing 23a of the nacelle 23 is horizontally swivelly installed on the support base 21 via the swivel bearing 22 (FIG. 9). The spindle 26 is rotatably installed in the casing 23a of the nacelle 23 via the spindle support bearing 25 installed in the bearing housing 24, and the blade 27 serving as a swivel blade is located in a portion of the spindle 26 protruding outside the casing 23a. Is installed. The other end of the spindle 26 is connected to the speed increaser 28, and the output shaft of the speed increaser 28 is coupled to the rotor shaft of the generator 29. The nacelle 23 is swiveled at an arbitrary angle by the swivel motor 30 via the speed reducer 31. Although two spindle support bearings 25 are installed side by side in the illustrated example, one spindle support bearing 25 may be used.

Other embodiments will be described.
In the following description, the same reference numerals will be given to the parts corresponding to the matters previously described in each embodiment, and duplicate description will be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described, the other parts of the configuration are the same as those described above unless otherwise specified. It produces the same action and effect from the same configuration. Not only the combination of the parts specifically described in each embodiment, but also the combinations of the embodiments can be partially combined as long as the combination does not cause any trouble.

The double row self-aligning roller bearings according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 17.
As shown in FIG. 13, this double row self-aligning roller bearing 1A has (1) a cage 10RA with an inclination angle, (2) a crowning 13, (3) a DLC coating 14, and (4) a groove 15. I have.

<(1) Cage with tilt angle, etc.>
One cage 10RA for the right column shown in FIG. 13 is a cage that holds the roller 5 having a long axial length. The cage 10RA has an inclination angle β in which the outer diameter surface 12Aa of the column portion 12A inclines inward in the radial direction from the proximal end side toward the distal end side. This inclination angle β is an angle with respect to the bearing central axis O. The inclination angle β of the outer diameter surface 12Aa of the cage 10RA is set to a range (0 <β ≦ α2) that is larger than zero and is equal to or less than the maximum diameter angle α2 of the roller 5 in the right column. The maximum diameter angle α2 is the inclination angle of the position of _{the maximum diameter D2 max} of the roller 5 in the right column with respect to the plane perpendicular to the bearing center axis O.

In the cage 10RA for the right column of this example, the inner diameter surface of the pillar portion 12A has an inclined surface portion 12Ab and a flat surface portion 12Ac connected to the inclined surface portion 12Ab. The inclined surface portion 12Ab has an inclination angle γ extending from the base end side of the inner diameter surface of the column portion 12A to the vicinity of the axial middle of the inner diameter surface, and inclining inward in the radial direction from the base end side toward the vicinity of the axial middle. .. This inclination angle γ is also an angle with respect to the bearing central axis O, and the inclination angle γ is set to be equal to or greater than the inclination angle β (γ ≧ β). In this example, the tilt angle γ is set several degrees larger than the tilt angle β. However, the relationship is not limited to this relationship (γ ≧ β). The flat surface portion 12Ac is a flat surface parallel to the bearing central axis O extending in the axial direction from the tip edge of the inclined surface portion 12Ab. In the other cage 10L for the left column, the outer diameter surface and the inner diameter surface of the column portion 12 do not have an inclination angle, in other words, they are parallel to the bearing central axis O.

<(2) About Crowning 13>
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part (XIV portion) of FIG. 13 in an enlarged manner. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the rollers 4 and 5 in each of the left and right rows each have a crowning 13 at the end of the roller rolling surface. The roller rolling surface in this example has a logarithmic crowning shape represented by a logarithmic curve. However, the crowning 13 is not limited to the logarithmic crowning shape, and for example, the roller rolling surface may have a composite R crowning shape. By making the R dimension of the crowning portion smaller than the reference R of the roller rolling surface, the composite R crowning shape that increases the drop amount can be formed.

<(3) About DLC coating 14>
As shown in FIG. 15, each of the rollers 4 and 5 has a DLC coating 14 on the roller rolling surface. The DLC coating 14 of this example adopts a multilayer structure having high adhesion to the base materials 4 and 5. The DLC coating 14 has a surface layer 16, an intermediate layer 17, and a stress relaxation layer 18. The surface layer 16 is a film mainly composed of DLC that uses only graphite as a solid target as a carbon supply source and suppresses the amount of hydrogen mixed. The intermediate layer 16 is a layer mainly composed of Cr or W formed between the surface layer 16 and the base material. The stress relaxation layer 18 is formed between the intermediate layer 17 and the surface layer 16.

The intermediate layer 17 is a structure including a plurality of layers having different compositions, and FIG. 15 illustrates a three-layer structure of 17a to 17c. For example, a layer 17c mainly composed of Cr is formed on the surface of the base material, a layer 17b mainly composed of W is formed on the layer 17c mainly composed of Cr, and a layer 17a mainly composed of W and C is formed on the layer 17b mainly composed of W. Although the three-layer structure is illustrated in FIG. 15, the intermediate layer 17 may include a smaller number or more layers, if necessary.

The layer 17a adjacent to the stress relaxation layer 18 is mainly composed of carbon and the metal that is the main component of the adjacent layer 17b, so that the adhesion between the intermediate layer 17 and the stress relaxation layer 18 can be improved. For example, when the layer 17a is mainly composed of W and C, the content of W is reduced from the side of the intermediate layer 17b mainly composed of W toward the side of the stress relaxation layer 18 mainly composed of C, while C is By increasing the content of (composition gradient), the adhesion can be further improved.

The stress relaxation layer 18 is an inclined layer mainly composed of C and whose hardness increases continuously or stepwise from the intermediate layer 17 side to the surface layer 16 side. Specifically, it is a DLC inclined layer obtained by using a graphite target in the UBMS method and continuously or stepwise increasing the bias voltage with respect to the substrate to form a film. The hardness increases continuously or stepwise because ^{the composition ratio of the graphite structure (SP 2} ) and the diamond structure (SP ³ ) in the DLC structure is biased toward the latter as the bias voltage increases.

The surface layer 16 is a DLC-based film formed by extending the stress relaxation layer 18, and is particularly a DLC film having a reduced hydrogen content in the structure. By reducing the hydrogen content, wear resistance is improved. In order to form such a DLC film, for example, a method using the UBMS method is used in which hydrogen and a compound containing hydrogen are not mixed in the raw material used for the sputtering treatment and the sputtering gas.

Regarding the film forming method of the stress relaxation layer 18 and the surface layer 16, the case where the UBMS method is used has been illustrated, but any other known film forming method can be used as long as the hardness can be changed continuously or stepwise. Can be adopted. The total film thickness of the multilayer including the intermediate layer 17, the stress relaxation layer 18, and the surface layer 16 is preferably 0.5 μm to 3.0 μm. If the total film thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the wear resistance and mechanical strength are inferior, and if the total film thickness exceeds 3.0 μm, peeling is likely to occur, which is not preferable.
In this example, the DLC coating 14 is provided only on the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5, but the DLC coating 14 may be further provided on both end surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5. In particular, when the DLC coating 14 is provided on one end surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 guided by the middle brim 8 (FIG. 13), the one end surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 are less likely to be worn, and the rollers 4 and 5 Abrasion resistance can be further enhanced.

<(4) Insertion groove>
As shown in FIG. 16, the inner ring 2 is inserted into the bearing by inserting the long roller 5 into the small brim 7 facing the axially outer end face of the long roller 5 among the small brims 6 and 7 (FIG. 13). It is provided with a groove 15. As shown in FIG. 17, an arc-shaped insertion groove 15 is provided at one position in the circumferential direction of the small brim 7 of the inner ring 2. The radius of curvature of the arc 15a of the insertion groove 15 is appropriately set according to the maximum diameter of the roller 5 (FIG. 16) to be inserted.
Others have the same configuration as the above-described embodiment.

<About action and effect>
According to the double row self-aligning roller bearing 1A according to another embodiment, since each of the rollers 4 and 5 has a DLC coating 14 on the roller rolling surface, wear resistance can be improved. As a result, the roller rolling surface and the raceway surface 3a of the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are less likely to be worn than those without the DLC coating. Further, since the crowning 13 is provided at the end of the roller rolling surface, the edge stress can be relaxed.

One of the cages 10RA that holds the long roller 5 has an inclination angle β in which the outer diameter surface 12Aa of the pillar portion 12A inclines inward in the radial direction from the proximal end side toward the distal end side, and thus the pocket of the cage 10RA. The Pt surface can hold the maximum diameter position of the roller 5. In other words, since one of the cages 10RA has the inclination angle β as described above, the pocket Pt surface of the cage 10RA is maintained near the pitch circle diameter of the rollers 5, and the pocket Pt surface of the cage 10RA is maintained during the bearing operation. The maximum diameter position of the bearing 5 can be smoothly held. As a result, the posture stability of the long roller 5 is not impaired, and the mountability of the long roller 5 can be easily performed. Of the small brims 6 and 7, the inner ring 2 is provided with a groove 15 for inserting the long roller 5 into the bearing on the small brim 7 facing the outer end surface of the long roller 5 in the axial direction. It is possible to further improve the inclusiveness.

In the double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1B shown in FIG. 18, the inclination angle β of the outer diameter surface 12Ba of the column portion 12B in one cage 10RB is larger than zero, and the maximum diameter angle α2 of the roller 5 in the right row is larger than zero. It is set in the following range, and the inclination angle γ of the inner diameter surface of the pillar portion 12B is set to be the same as the inclination angle β of the outer diameter surface. The inclination angle β in this example is set to an angle that is equal to or less than the maximum diameter angle α2 and substantially close to the maximum diameter angle α2. Further, the inner diameter surface of the pillar portion 12B is composed of only an inclined surface portion, and the above-mentioned flat surface portion is not provided.
According to the configuration of FIG. 18, since the cage 10RB has the inclination angle β as described above, the pocket Pt surface of the cage 10RB is more reliably maintained near the pitch circle diameter of the rollers 5 and is held during the bearing operation. The pocket Pt surface of the vessel 10RB can smoothly and surely hold the maximum diameter position of the roller 5. In addition, the built-in property of 5 can be more easily performed for a long time.

Although the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described above based on the examples, the embodiments disclosed here are examples in all respects and are not limiting. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

1,1A, 1B ... Double row self-aligning roller bearing 2 ... Inner ring 3 ... Outer ring 3a ... Track surface 4,5 ... Roll 6,7 ... Small brim 8 ... Middle brim 10L, 10R, 10RA, 10RB ... Cage 11, 11A ... Ring portion 12, 12A, 12B ... Pillar portion 13 ... Crowning 14 ... DLC coating 15 ... Insert groove 26 ... Main shaft A1, A2 ... Center of roller length B ... Bearing width D1 _max , D2 _max ... Maximum diameter L1, L2 ... Length θ1, θ2 ... Contact angle

Claims (4)

Rollers are interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring in two rows arranged in the bearing width direction, the raceway surface of the outer ring is spherical, and the outer peripheral surface of the two rows of rollers is a cross section along the raceway surface of the outer ring. It is a double-row self-aligning roller bearing that has a shape.
The two rows of rollers have different lengths, the length of the long roller is 39% or more of the bearing width, and the ratio of the contact angle of the short roller to the contact angle of the long roller. Is in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 4
The rollers in each of the two rows are asymmetric rollers in which the position of the maximum diameter is closer to the center in the bearing width direction than the center of the roller length.
A double-row self-aligning roller bearing having a center brim that guides the two rows of rollers between the two rows of rollers on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. In the double row self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 1, the center position of the inner ring in the bearing width direction is from the position in the bearing width direction at the point where the action lines forming the contact angles of both rows intersect with each other. Also, a double-row self-aligning roller bearing that is offset to the side of the long roller. In the double row self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2, the double row self-aligning roller bearing used for supporting the spindle of a wind power generator. In the double row self-aligning roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Each cage is provided with a cage for holding the rollers of each row, and each cage has an annular ring portion that guides the axially inner end face of the rollers of each row, and an annular portion that extends axially and is circular from the annular portion. A plurality of pillars provided at intervals determined along the circumferential direction are provided, pockets for holding the rollers are provided between the pillars, and one cage for holding the long rollers is described as described above. The outer diameter surface of the pillar has an inclination angle that inclines inward in the radial direction from the base end side toward the tip end side.
Each of the rollers has a DLC coating on the roller rolling surface and crowning at the end of the roller rolling surface.
The inner ring includes a middle brim and small brims provided at both ends of the outer peripheral surface and facing the axially outer end faces of the rollers of each row, and the inner ring is the long roller of the small brims. A double-row self-aligning roller bearing provided with a groove for inserting the long roller into the bearing on a small brim facing the outer end surface in the axial direction of the bearing.

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