JP6872813B2 - Tunnel construction equipment and tunnel construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tunnel construction device and a tunnel construction method used for tunnel construction. More specifically, the present invention relates to a tunnel construction device having a scattering prevention curtain for preventing scattering of crushed stones in blasting of tunnel construction and a ventilation duct for ventilating air on the face side in the tunnel pit.

In the excavation process of tunnel construction, the blasting method of crushing and excavating rock with explosives is the mainstream. The blasting causes crushed rocks to scatter toward the wellhead. The scattering distance of crushed stone varies greatly depending on the compressive strength of the bedrock, the type and amount of explosive, the length of charge, etc., but in the case of standard hard stone blasting, it scatters from the face to the wellhead side by about 50 m to 60 m. The size of the scattered crushed stone is generally about the size of a human head at a point about 15 m from the face, and about the size of a fist at a point about 30 m from the face.

If the lighting device, the cable of the lighting device, the ventilation duct (for example, the ventilation duct or the suction duct), the heavy machinery, etc. are located near the face, there is a risk of physical damage. In particular, the effects of crushed stones scattered toward the wellhead side during "center removal" and bounce stones from high places during "top-paying" are large. Therefore, at the time of blasting, these devices are retracted to the wellhead side by 50 m or more.

In recent years, there have been an increasing number of cases where a conveyor system for carrying out slips is used in the construction of long-distance tunnels. In this conveyor system, a self-propelled crusher is used in which the shavings generated at the face are crushed into small pieces and the shavings are loaded onto the conveyor. The self-propelled crusher is located on the most face side of the conveyor system, and at the time of blasting, the self-propelled crusher is also retracted from the face by 50 m or more.

In order to prevent the crushed stone from scattering to the wellhead side due to blasting, there is a method of providing a curtain along the cross section of the tunnel near the face. Examples of this curtain include a balloon-shaped curtain that encloses air inside and a curtain disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 below.

The curtain disclosed in Patent Document 1 is composed of an airbag provided on the outer peripheral edge and a high-tensile fiber sheet connected to the inner peripheral edge of the airbag. Further, the curtain disclosed in Patent Document 2 is composed of a base material formed in a grid pattern by wires or the like and a pipe material fixed to the entire surface of the base material. Patent Document 2 also discloses a configuration in which an elastic sheet is provided instead of the pipe material. The curtain disclosed in Patent Document 3 is composed of an explosion-proof sheet that protects the lower part of the tunnel cross section and a protective plate that protects the upper part of the tunnel cross section.

Further, the purpose is not to prevent the scattering of crushed stones, but to prevent the diffusion of contaminated air generated from the vicinity of the face in tunnel construction, but Patent Document 4 discloses a face containment device equipped with a balloon. Has been done.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-20560 JP-A-2015-135010 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-314200 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-202092

Since the curtain prevents the scattering of crushed stones, it is necessary to move the curtain to the face side as the excavation of the tunnel progresses.

However, it takes labor and time to move this curtain. For example, when using a balloon curtain, the air in the balloon must be taken in and out each time the balloon is moved. Further, when the curtain of Patent Document 1 is used, it is necessary to discharge the compressed air of the airbag each time it is moved, remove the suspension body, fold the high-tensile fiber sheet, transport it to the next installation position, and reattach it. is there. Although the method of moving the curtain is not specified in the document, the curtain of Patent Document 2 is considered to be difficult to transport because it has a structure in which a pipe material or the like is fixed to a base material. It is clearly stated that the explosion-proof sheet and the protective plate of Patent Document 3 are moved manually, and even if the structure of the explosion-proof sheet and the protective plate is simple, it takes labor and time to move them. Can be easily predicted. As described above, the balloon of Patent Document 4 does not prevent the scattering of crushed stones in the first place. Further, the movement of the balloon in Patent Document 4 is premised on installing a wheel receiving portion on the ground, but since the tunnel ground near the face during tunnel construction is generally unpaved, the ground is uneven. It is difficult to arrange such a wheel receiving portion in the tunnel.

As described above, since it takes labor and time to move the curtain, it is not moved frequently as the tunnel excavation progresses. Specifically, at the site of excavating about 6 m a day, the frequency of movement of the curtain is about once every 6 to 12 days. Therefore, as the excavation of the tunnel progresses, the distance between the face and the curtain gradually increases, and there is a problem that the function of the curtain that keeps the crushed stone in the vicinity of the face cannot be fully exerted. Ideally, the curtains should be moved daily as the excavation progresses, but this is practically difficult with current equipment.

On the other hand, when rupture is performed, the concentration of contaminated particles in the air near the face increases, so it is necessary to quickly bring the ventilation duct closer to the vicinity of the face after the completion of rupture to purify the air in the work space near the face.

At this time, if the stretchable air duct is attached to the high tension fiber sheet like the explosion-proof sheet described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to move the high tension fiber sheet in order to move the stretchable air duct. Therefore, it is difficult to move the telescopic air duct quickly.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to enable the curtain to move quickly according to the progress of excavation of a tunnel so that the function of the curtain can be fully exerted. ..

Another purpose is to enable the ventilation duct to be quickly moved to the vicinity of the face after blasting.

The above issues are the guide rails that are installed in the upper part of the tunnel pit and extend in the extension direction of the tunnel, the ventilation duct that ventilates the air on the face side of the tunnel pit in the tunnel construction, and the crushed stone in the rupture of the tunnel construction. The guide rail has a first rail used for moving the ventilation duct and a second rail used for moving the shatterproof curtain. The ventilation duct can be solved by a tunnel construction device that can move back and forth separately in the extending direction of the tunnel along the first rail and the anti-scattering curtain along the second rail.

According to the present invention, the curtain can be quickly moved as the excavation of the tunnel progresses. As a result, the function of the curtain that keeps the crushed stone near the face can be fully exerted.

In addition, the ventilation duct can be quickly moved to the vicinity of the face after the blasting is completed. As a result, for example, a large amount of contaminated particles generated in the air near the face by blasting can be quickly removed.

It is a 1st Embodiment of the tunnel construction apparatus which concerns on this invention, and is the front view when the wellhead side is seen from the face side. Indicates the state in which the curtain is closed. It is a figure which shows the state which opened the curtain of the tunnel construction apparatus of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the duct rail of the tunnel construction apparatus of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the opposite rail of the tunnel construction apparatus of FIG. It is a top view of the 1st Embodiment of the tunnel construction apparatus which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a BB arrow view (cross-sectional view) of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion C (near the curtain rail) in FIG. It is a top view which shows the position of the ventilation duct and the shatterproof curtain in the charge charge process, the lock bolt driving process, and the support installation process in the tunnel construction method which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the positions of the ventilation duct and the shatterproof curtain in the blasting preparation step and the blasting step in the tunnel construction method according to the present invention. It is a top view which shows the position of the ventilation duct and the anti-scattering curtain in the ventilation process after the blasting completion (the process is included in the post-blasting processing process) in the tunnel construction method which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the position of the ventilation duct and the anti-scattering curtain in the slip carry-out process (the process is included in the post-blasting processing process) after the completion of blasting in the tunnel construction method which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the position of the ventilation duct and the scattering prevention curtain in the concrete spraying process in the tunnel construction method which concerns on this invention. It is the 2nd Embodiment of the tunnel construction apparatus which concerns on this invention, and is the front view when the wellhead side is seen from the face side. FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the duct rail of the tunnel construction device of FIG. It is a 3rd Embodiment of the tunnel construction apparatus which concerns on this invention, and is the enlarged view of the vicinity of a duct rail. It is a front view for demonstrating the ceiling wall and the side wall.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the tunnel construction apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description and drawings are merely examples of embodiments of the present invention, and the contents of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to this embodiment.

<Explanation of terms in the specification>
The following terms in the specification have the following meanings unless otherwise specified in the specification.
The "tunnel extension direction" is the direction shown as "front-back direction" in the figure, and the "tunnel crossing direction" is the direction shown as "crossing direction" in the figure. The direction is orthogonal.

The concept of "moving back and forth in the extension direction of the tunnel" includes both moving from the wellhead side of the tunnel to the face side (forward movement) and moving from the face side to the wellhead side (backward movement). .. The "front of the tunnel" means the face side, and the "rear of the tunnel" means the wellhead side. The "left side" and "right side" of the tunnel are based on the view from the face side to the wellhead side. In addition, "stepping stones" refer to crushed stones (stepping stones) that are crushed by blasting and become finer, and are scattered toward the wellhead side by the impact of this blasting.

As shown in FIG. 17, the “tunnel ceiling wall” is defined as a reference point BP at the center point in the tunnel crossing direction, and after extending a vertical virtual line L1 perpendicular to the ground from the reference point BP. , A tunnel wall surface in which the angle θ between the left virtual line L2 tilted to the left in the crossing direction from the vertical virtual line L1 and the right virtual line L3 tilted to the right in the crossing direction from the vertical virtual line L1 is within 120 degrees. Say. The angle α between the vertical virtual line L1 and the left virtual line L2 and the angle β between the vertical virtual line L1 and the right virtual line L3 are the same angle. Further, the distance N1 from the contact point P1 between the left side wall and the ground to the reference point BP and the distance N2 from the contact point P2 between the right side wall and the ground to the reference point BP have the same length.

The “tunnel side wall” refers to a wall surface of the tunnel located below the above-mentioned tunnel ceiling wall.

(First Embodiment)
The front view of the first embodiment of the tunnel construction apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. This first embodiment will be described in detail.

(Guide rail 40)
A guide rail 40 is provided in the upper part of the tunnel pit from the wellhead side to the face side. The guide rail 40 includes a first rail 3 used for moving the ventilation duct 9 that ventilates the air on the face side in the tunnel construction in the tunnel construction, and a scattering prevention that prevents the crushed stone from scattering to the wellhead side in the blasting of the tunnel construction. It has a second rail 33 used for moving the curtain 2. In the first embodiment, the guide rail 40 is fixed to the ceiling wall 15 of the tunnel by the following method.

As shown in FIG. 5 and the like, the distance that the second rail 33 extends in the tunnel extending direction is shorter than the distance that the first rail 3 extends in the tunnel extending direction. Specifically, the distance that the second rail 33 extends in the tunnel extending direction is preferably about 10 to 25 mm, and preferably about 10 to 15 mm. This is because the second rail 33 is for moving the shatterproof curtain 2 and the curtain rail 5, so that it is sufficient to provide the second rail 33 within the range in which the shatterproof curtain 2 is moved. Further, in the first embodiment, the shatterproof curtain 2 and the curtain rail 5 are moved through the second rail 33 and the opposing rail 4. Therefore, it is preferable that the lengths of the second rail 33 and the opposite rail 4 in the tunnel extension direction are the same. For the same reason, it is preferable that the position where the second rail 33 is provided and the position where the opposing rail 4 is provided are the same in the position in the tunnel extension direction.

(Suspended body 13)
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, a plurality of hanging bodies 13 are suspended from the ceiling wall 15 at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the tunnel. The hanging body 13 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a fixture 29 provided on one end side, a hook 24 provided on the other end side, and a chain 23 provided between the fixture 29 and the hook 24. There is. The fixture 29 of the hanging body 13 is fixed to the tunnel wall surface (preferably the ceiling wall 15), the chain 23 hangs downward from the fixture 29 in the height direction, and the hook 24 is located at the lower end of the chain 23. doing. As the hanging body 13, for example, a lever block (registered trademark), a turnbuckle, or the like can be used.

(Ceiling connection 22)
A ceiling connecting body 22 is attached to the hook 24 of the hanging body 13. The ceiling connecting body 22 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like includes a ring 26 provided on one end side, two guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6 provided facing the other end side, and a ring 26. It has an intermediate body 27 that connects the wheels 6 and 6 for moving the guide rail. The hanging body 13 and the ceiling connecting body 22 are connected by inserting the hook 24 of the hanging body 13 into the through hole of the ring 26 of the ceiling connecting body 22. The guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6 are located at the lower end of the ceiling connecting body 22, and the upper portion of the first rail 3 is inserted and supported between the guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6. There is.

(1st rail 3)
The first rail 3 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like is H steel, but it may be changed to an arbitrary shape such as I-shaped steel or angle steel. As the material of the first rail 3, for example, steel, aluminum, or the like can be used. The upper flange portion 3a, which is located at the upper end portion of the first rail 3 (H steel) and extends in the substantially horizontal direction, is in a state of riding on the upper surfaces of the guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6. Then, the first rail 3 moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction while sliding on the upper surfaces of the guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6.

The web portion 3b, which is located in the middle portion of the first rail 3 (H steel) and extends in a substantially vertical direction, extends downward through a gap between the facing guide rail moving wheels 6 and 6. doing. The lower flange portion 3c, which is located at the lower end of the first rail 3 (H steel) and extends in a substantially vertical direction, is slidably in contact with the duct moving wheel 42 of the duct connecting body 41 described later. ..

(Rail connector 32)
From the web portion 3b of the first rail 3, the rail connecting body 32 extends substantially horizontally in the transverse direction. Although the rail connecting body 32 extends in the substantially horizontal direction in FIG. 3, it is not limited to the substantially horizontal direction, and may extend while tilting downward or upward, for example. The rail connecting body 32 has a left extending portion 32L extending to the left side in the crossing direction of the tunnel and a right extending portion 32R extending to the right side in the crossing direction of the tunnel. Only one of the left extending portion 32L and the right extending portion 32R may be provided, but it is preferable to provide both in order to improve the left and right gravity balance. Further, it is preferable to provide a reinforcing body 43 on the upper surface of the rail connecting body 32 in order to reinforce the strength of the rail connecting body. It is preferable that the web portion 3b of the first rail 3 and the rail connecting body 32 are integrated by welding or by using a known fastening means such as a bolt or a nut.

(2nd rail 33)
A second rail 33 is provided on the left side of the rail connecting body 32 in the transverse direction of the left extending portion 32L. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, a box-shaped left second rail 33L is provided below the left end portion of the left extending portion 32L in the cross-sectional view of FIG. It is preferable that the left extending portion 3L and the left second rail 33L are integrated by welding or by using a known fastening means such as a bolt or a nut. A through hole 33H is provided in the central portion of the bottom portion of the left side second rail 33L, and no through hole 33H is provided in a portion (peripheral portion) other than the central portion. A wheel 34 for moving the curtain rail is provided inside the box-shaped second rail on the left side. The wheel 34 for moving the curtain rail is in a state of being on the upper surface of the peripheral portion of the bottom portion of the left second rail 33L, and by traveling on the peripheral portion, the wheel 34 moves back and forth in the extending direction of the tunnel. It has become. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, two wheels 34 for moving the curtain rail are provided inside the second rail 33L on the left side, and the wheels 34 and 34 for moving the curtain rail extend in the substantially horizontal direction. It is connected by a connecting shaft 44. A support shaft 45 extending downward is attached to the intermediate portion of the connecting shaft 44, and the support shaft 45 moves downward through a through hole 33H provided at the bottom of the left second rail 33L. It extends and its lower end is connected to a duct frame 30 which will be described later. Then, the curtain rail frame 18 is fixed to the duct frame 30, the curtain rail 5 is fixed to the curtain rail frame 18, and the shatterproof curtain 2 is suspended from the curtain rail. Therefore, the shatterproof curtain 2 can move back and forth along the first rail separately from the movement of the first rail.

Similarly, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the right second rail 33R is provided below the right end portion of the right extending portion 32R. Since the form of the right side second rail 33R is the same as that of the left side second rail 33L, detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

Further, although the above description details the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the left side second rail 33L is not limited to the box shape and can be changed to an arbitrary shape. it can. Similarly, the position where the through hole 33H is provided can be changed, and the number of the curtain rail moving wheels 34 provided inside the left side second rail 33L can be changed to one or three or more.

(Duct connecting body 41)
As described above, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the duct moving wheel 42 of the duct connecting body 41 is slidably contacted with the lower flange portion 3c of the first rail 3. The duct moving wheel 42 constitutes a part of the duct connecting body 41.

The duct connecting body 41 in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3 has a bottom portion 41a extending substantially horizontally in the transverse direction and a side wall portion extending upward substantially vertically from the left end portion and the right end portion of the bottom portion 41a, respectively. It has 41b and 41b. Axles 46, 46 extending substantially horizontally toward the center side in the transverse direction are attached to the side wall portions 41b, 41b, respectively, and the upper wheels 42a for duct movement are attached to the tip portions of the axles 46, 46, respectively. 42a are attached to each. The lower ends of the upper wheels 42a and 42a for duct movement are in contact with the upper surface of the lower flange portion 3c, and the upper wheels 42a and 42a for duct movement move back and forth on the lower flange portion 3c in the tunnel extension direction. There is.

Further, axles 47 and 47 extending substantially vertically upward are attached to the left end portion and the right end portion of the bottom portion 41a, respectively. The axles 47 and 47 are located closer to the center in the transverse direction than the side wall portions 41b and 41b. The duct moving lateral wheels 42b and 42b are attached to the upper ends of the axles 47 and 47, respectively. The end surface of the duct moving lateral wheels 42b, 42b on the central side in the transverse direction is in contact with the side surface of the lower flange portion 3c, and the duct moving lateral wheels 42b, 42b are in contact with the lateral surface of the lower flange portion 3c in the tunnel extending direction. It is configured to move back and forth. The duct moving lateral wheels 42b and 42b are intended to prevent excessive lateral movement of the duct connecting body 41 and improve the performance of forward / backward movement in the tunnel extending direction, but are not essential parts. , Can be omitted.

The bottom portion 41a of the duct connecting body 41 is connected to the upper portion of the ventilation duct 9 by bolts, nuts, or the like. Therefore, the ventilation duct 9 can move back and forth along the first rail in the tunnel extending direction separately from the movement of the first rail and also separately from the movement of the shatterproof curtain. The ventilation duct 9 is moved back and forth in the tunnel extension direction by the ventilation duct moving motor 35 shown in FIG.

(Movement of guide rail 40)
As described above, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the guide rail 3 is suspended from the ceiling wall 15 via the suspension body 13 and the ceiling connecting body 22. The suspension body 13 and the ceiling connecting body 22 do not move, and the first rail 3 can move in the extending direction of the tunnel via the guide rail moving wheels 21. The guide rail 40 is moved in the tunnel extension direction by the guide rail moving motor shown in FIG.

Further, in the first embodiment, the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 are connected and integrated by the rail connecting body 32. Therefore, when the first rail 3 moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction, the second rail 33 also moves back and forth together with the first rail 3 in the tunnel extending direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a motor for moving the first rail 3 and a motor for moving the second rail 33, and the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced.

Further, when the duct moving wheel 42 runs on the first rail 3, the ventilation duct 9 moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction separately from the movement of the first rail 3, the second rail 33, and the shatterproof curtain 2. Can be done. That is, the ventilation duct 9 can independently move back and forth in the tunnel extension direction regardless of whether or not the first rail 3, the second rail 33, and the shatterproof curtain 2 move back and forth in the tunnel extension direction.

Further, when the wheel 34 for moving the curtain rail runs on the second rail 33, the shatterproof curtain 2 moves back and forth in the tunnel extension direction separately from the movement of the first rail 3, the second rail 33, and the ventilation duct 9. be able to. That is, regardless of whether the first rail 3, the second rail 33, or the ventilation duct 9 moves back and forth in the tunnel extension direction, the shatterproof curtain 2 can independently move back and forth in the tunnel extension direction.

Summarizing the above contents, the guide rail 40 (first rail 3 and second rail 33), the shatterproof curtain 2, and the ventilation duct 9 are configured to be independently movable back and forth in the tunnel extension direction. It has characteristics.

Therefore, for example, before starting blasting, it is possible to control that only the scattering prevention curtain 2 is moved to the vicinity of the face along the guide rail 40, and conversely, the ventilation duct 9 is retracted to the wellhead side. Further, for example, when the rupture is completed, the ventilation duct 9 is quickly moved to the face side and installed near the face, and the air near the face is ventilated by using the ventilation duct 9 to ventilate the air near the face to create a work space near the face. The air can be cleaned quickly. Further, in the process of carrying out the shavings, if the anti-scattering curtain 2 is present near the face, it interferes with the carrying-out work. Therefore, the anti-scattering curtain 2 is quickly moved to the wellhead side to be separated from the face, and crushed in the vicinity of the face. The stone can be carried out to the wellhead side.

The fact that the duct moving wheel 42 runs on the first rail 3 means that the duct moving wheel 42 moves while sliding on the first rail 3. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the duct moving upper wheel 42a runs on the lower flange surface 3c of the first rail 3, and the duct moving lateral wheel 42b is the lower flange portion of the first rail 3. Although it is in a form of traveling beside 3c, it is not limited to such a form. For example, only one of the duct moving upper wheel 42a and the duct moving lateral wheel 42b may be provided. In addition, the duct moving wheel 42 may travel under the lower flange surface 3c of the first rail 3. Further, the upper flange portion 3a and the web portion 3b of the first rail 3 may be traveled. Further, as described above, the first rail 3 may be changed to any other shape instead of H steel. When the shape is changed to another shape, the duct moving wheel 42 may move while sliding with at least one of the upper surface, the side surface, and the lower surface of the first rail 3.

Similarly, the fact that the curtain rail moving wheel 34 runs on the second rail 33 means that the curtain rail moving wheel 34 moves while sliding with the second rail 33. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the wheel 34 for moving the curtain rail runs on the upper surface of the bottom of the second rail 3, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. For example, the form of the second rail 33 is changed to an arbitrary shape such as H steel, and the curtain rail moving wheel 34 moves while sliding on at least one of the upper surface, the side surface, and the lower surface of the second rail 33. You may do so.

Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the first rail 3 runs on the upper surface of the guide rail moving wheel 6, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. The fact that the first rail 3 runs on the guide rail moving wheel 6 means that the first rail 3 moves while sliding with the guide rail moving wheel.

(Modification example)
The above description is an example, and it is not always necessary to use these members. For example, the ceiling connecting body 22 may be directly fixed to the ceiling wall 15 without using the hanging body 13. Further, although it becomes difficult to move the guide rail 3 in the tunnel extending direction, the guide rail 3 may be directly fixed to the ceiling wall 15 without using the suspension body 13 and the ceiling connecting body 22. ..

Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the guide rail 3 is provided on the right side of the tunnel, but the installation location of the guide rail 3 may be changed to the left side or the central portion of the tunnel. In particular, when the opposed rail 4 described later is not provided, it is preferable to provide the guide rail 3 at the central portion in the tunnel crossing direction. By providing the guide rail 3 in the central portion of the tunnel and fixing the central portion of the anti-scattering curtain 2 in the transverse direction to the guide rail 3, it becomes easy to balance the anti-scattering curtain 2 when it moves in the extending direction of the tunnel.

(Ventilation duct 9)
The ventilation duct 9 is used for ventilation in the tunnel, and is particularly used for purifying the air in the work space near the tunnel face. Specifically, a blower (not shown) is provided on the wellhead side, and fresh air outside the tunnel is sent to the work space of the face 14 via the ventilation duct 9. Alternatively, a suction machine (not shown) is provided on the wellhead side, and the contaminated air generated in the work space of the face 14 is sucked through the ventilation duct 9, and the sucked contaminated air is removed by a dust remover (not shown), and then the tunnel wellhead. Release to the side.

As the ventilation duct 9, a general air pipe (including a hard air pipe) can be used. However, from the viewpoint of economy and workability, it is preferable to use a soft air duct (soft air duct), and it is more preferable to use a soft air pipe and a flame-retardant air duct. As the air duct having softness, an air pipe made of tarpaulin can be preferably used.

(Scattering prevention curtain 2)
The tunnel construction device 1 includes a shatterproof curtain 2. A balloon curtain may be used as the shatterproof curtain 2, but it is preferable to use a net. The balloon curtain is easily affected by the blast at the time of blasting, and it is necessary to keep it at least 30 m away from the face 14, but it is difficult to be affected by the blast because the blast passes through the net shatterproof curtain 2 and the mesh of the net. This is because it can be brought closer to the face 14. Specifically, even if the net shatterproof curtain 2 is placed at a position about 10 m to 20 m away from the face 14, it is unlikely that it will be damaged by the blast at the time of blasting. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the net scattering prevention curtain 2 in the vicinity of the face 14 (within 15 m from the face 14) and keep the stepping stones due to blasting in the vicinity of the face 14 to facilitate the stepping stone collection work performed after the blasting.

As the net shatterproof curtain 2, a fishing net, a wire net, a safety net, or the like can be used. In particular, fishing nets are easily available, inexpensive, and have high strength, and are therefore suitable as the shatterproof curtain 2 used in the present invention. When measured by JIS L 1096A: 2010 (strip method), the strength required for the net shatterproof curtain 2 is preferably, for example, a tensile strength of 400 N or more and an elongation rate of 70% or more, and a tensile strength of 500 N or more. , 80% or more is more preferable. In order to realize such strength, it is preferable to use, for example, Vectran (registered trademark), a blend of Vectran with polyester, aramid fiber, polyethylene, nylon, polyester, vinylon, etc. as the material of the fiber constituting the net. Then, in order to secure the strength, for example, it is preferable to use a net in which 6 to 20 fibers having a diameter of 470 μm to 1500 μm are bundled and twisted. Further, as the nodule, a frog net, a Russell net, a nodule net or the like can be used, and it is preferable to use a frog net or a Russell net from the viewpoint of binding strength. Examples of the shape of the net include rhombuses that form rhombuses and squares that form squares. In addition, it is preferable to use a net having not only the above strength but also cut resistance and water resistance. By using a water-resistant rope, it is possible to prevent the strength from deteriorating due to getting wet with spring water or water leakage in the tunnel.

The mesh size of the net can be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the size of the stepping stones blocked by the shatterproof curtain 2. The smaller the mesh size, the higher the effect of blocking stepping stones. For example, when the mesh size of the square mesh is 10 mm, stepping stones having a Feret diameter larger than 10 mm are often blocked by the shatterproof curtain 2. On the other hand, stepping stones having a Feret diameter of 10 mm or less often pass through the gaps in the net of the anti-scattering curtain 2 and scatter toward the wellhead side. Strictly speaking, depending on factors such as the speed at which the stepping stones scatter, the shape of the net, and the location where the stepping stones hit the shatterproof curtain 2 (whether it is close to the voids in the net), the stepping stones pass through the shatterproof curtain 2 and move toward the wellhead side. Whether it scatters or not changes. However, it is clear that there is a considerable causal relationship between the size of the stepping stones passing through the net and the mesh size of the net. Therefore, it is preferable that the mesh size of the net is the same as the size of the stepping stones to be dammed, or about 1 mm to 5 mm smaller than the size of the stepping stones to be dammed.

On the other hand, it should be noted that the smaller the mesh size of the shatterproof curtain 2 is, the more easily it is affected by the blast wave and the more easily the shatterproof curtain 2 is damaged.

Considering each of the above factors, the mesh size of the shatterproof curtain 2 is preferably 8 mm to 20 mm, and more preferably 10 mm to 15 mm.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, three shatterproof curtains 2 are provided. The left shatterproof curtain 2L arranged on the left side in the tunnel crossing direction and the right shatterproof curtain 2R arranged on the right side in the tunnel crossing direction. A central shatterproof curtain 2C is arranged between the left shatterproof curtain 2L and the right shatterproof curtain 2R. The central shatterproof curtain 2C is suspended from a curtain rail 5 described later, and when the curtain rail 5 moves back and forth in the tunnel extension direction, it moves back and forth together with the curtain rail 5 in the tunnel extension direction. ..

The balloon curtain 2 can also be used as the curtain 2. In this case, the air inside the curtain 2 is slightly evacuated, and the curtain 2 is moved after being separated from the tunnel wall surfaces 10 and 15.

(Through hole 55)
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, a through hole 55 that penetrates the scattering prevention curtain 2 in the tunnel extending direction is provided in the passage in which the ventilation duct 9 moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction. Specifically, in the right shatterproof curtain 2R located on the right side of the tunnel, a through hole is provided at a position overlapping the ventilation duct 9 in a cross-sectional view. By providing the through hole 55, the ventilation duct 9 can move in the tunnel extending direction regardless of the position of the shatterproof curtain 2. For example, in order to quickly clean the air in the work space near the face after blasting, it is necessary to move the ventilation duct 9 to the face side of the shatterproof curtain 2. At this time, by providing the through hole 55 in the shatterproof curtain 2, the ventilation duct 9 can quickly move to the face side beyond the shatterproof curtain 2 through the through hole 55. Further, at the stage of assembling the support work, the ventilation duct 9 on the face side moves to the position closer to the wellhead side than the shatterproof curtain 2 through the through hole 55 without moving the shatterproof curtain 2. It is possible to do.

(Duct frame 30)
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the duct frame 30 is provided around the through hole 55. By providing the duct frame 30, it becomes easy to maintain the shape of the through hole 55. In particular, since the shatterproof curtain 2 receives a blast at the time of blasting, the shape of the through hole 55 tends to collapse. Therefore, it is important to maintain the shape of the through hole 55 by the duct frame 30.

Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the duct frame 30 is adjacent to the curtain rail frame 18. The duct frame 30 and the curtain rail frame 18 can be fixed by welding, or can be fixed by using bolts, nuts, or the like. As described above, since the curtain rail moving wheel 34 is attached to the duct frame 30, the curtain rail moving wheel 34 moves back and forth along the second rail 33 in the tunnel extension direction, whereby the duct frame 30, the curtain frame 18, the curtain 2, and the like are integrated and move back and forth in the direction of extending the tunnel. As described above, the duct frame 30 also has an advantage that it can be used as a component for attaching the wheel 34 for moving the curtain rail. The duct frame 30 is moved back and forth in the tunnel extension direction by the oncoming rail moving and curtain rail moving motor 37 shown in FIG. When the opposed rail 4 described later is not provided, a motor for moving the curtain rail may be attached to the duct frame 40.

(Other curtains)
Although not provided in the first embodiment, another curtain may be provided above the central shatterproof curtain 2C.

(Left side shatterproof curtain 2L, right side shatterproof curtain 2R)
The left shatterproof curtain 2L is attached to the left end of the curtain rail frame 18, and the right shatterproof curtain 2R is attached to the duct frame 30. Therefore, the left shatterproof curtain 2L and the right shatterproof curtain 2R are configured to move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction together with the central shatterproof curtain 2C.

Further, although not shown in FIG. 1 and the like, a locking rope may be attached to the side wall side end portion of the left side shatterproof curtain 2L and the right side shatterproof curtain 2R. A locking tool may be attached to the end of the locking rope, and the left shatterproof curtain 2L and the right shatterproof curtain 2R may be fixed to the tunnel side wall 10 via the locking tool.

(Opposite rail 4)
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the facing rail 4 is provided on the left side of the tunnel in parallel with the guide rail 40 provided on the right side of the tunnel. The opposing rail 4 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the like is H steel, but it may be changed to an arbitrary shape such as I-shaped steel or angle steel.

As shown in FIG. 4, the opposing rail 4 is also suspended from the ceiling wall 15 by the hanging body 13 like the guide rail 40. The hanging body 13 suspends the ceiling connecting body 22, and the upper flange portion 4a of the facing rail 4 is placed on the wheels 60, 60 for moving the opposing rails of the ceiling connecting body 22. Then, the facing rail 4 moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction while sliding on the upper surfaces of the facing rail moving wheels 60 and 60. The front-back movement of the facing rail 4 in the tunnel extension direction is performed by the facing rail moving and curtain rail moving motor 37 shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, the motor for moving the facing rail 4 and the motor for moving the curtain rail frame 18 are combined, but they may be moved by separate motors.

A web portion 4b extending in a substantially vertical direction is provided in the middle portion of the opposing rail 4 (H steel). The web portion 4b extends downward through a gap between the opposing rail moving wheels 60, 60 facing the upper flange portion 4a. A lower flange portion 4c extending in a substantially horizontal direction is provided at the lower end portion of the opposing rail 4 (H steel). The lower flange portion 4c is slidably in contact with the curtain rail frame moving wheel 62 of the curtain rail frame connecting body 61. The frame connecting body 61 for the curtain rail is connected to the frame 18 for the curtain rail, and the wheel 62 for moving the curtain rail runs on the lower flange portion 4c of the opposing rail 4, so that the frame 18 for the curtain rail moves back and forth in the tunnel extension direction. It has a moving structure.

The structure of the peripheral portion of the opposing rail 4 shown in FIG. 4 is substantially the same as the structure of the peripheral portion of the duct rail 40 shown in FIG. Therefore, the repeated description will be omitted.

Reference numeral 61a is a bottom portion of the curtain rail connecting body 61, and 61b is a side wall portion of the curtain rail connecting body 61. Reference numeral 67 denotes an axle extending substantially vertically from the bottom portion 61a upward, and reference numeral 63 denotes a lateral wheel for moving the curtain rail duct. Reference numeral 66 denotes an axle extending substantially horizontally from the side wall portion 61b, and reference numeral 62 denotes an upper wheel for moving the curtain rail duct.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 13, it is preferable to move the curtain rail frame 18 back and forth in the tunnel extending direction while maintaining a state substantially parallel to the tunnel crossing direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the duct connecting body 41 and the curtain frame connecting body 61 are moved back and forth in the tunnel extending direction in the same direction and at the same speed.

(Frame 18 for curtain rail)
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the curtain rail frame 18 and the duct frame 30 bridge the guide rail 40 and the opposing rail 4. Specifically, the curtain rail frame 18 extends in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the guide rail 40 and the opposing rail 4 (direction crossing each of the rails 3 and 4), and the left end of the curtain rail frame 18 The portion is connected to the facing rail 4, and the guide rail 40 (the second rail 33 of the guide rail 40 in the first embodiment) is connected to the duct frame 30. The right end of the curtain rail frame 18 and the left end of the duct frame 30 are also connected.

The curtain rail frame 18 and the duct frame 30 move in the tunnel extending direction along the guide rail 40 and the opposing rail 4. Further, a curtain rail 5 is connected to the face side of the curtain rail frame 18, and a shatterproof curtain 2 is attached downward from the curtain rail 5. Therefore, as the curtain rail frame 18 and the duct frame 30 move, the shatterproof curtain 2 also moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction.

In the plan view of FIG. 5 and the like, the angle between the guide rail 40 and the curtain rail frame 18 is set to 90 degrees (vertical), but the angle is not limited to this angle and can be changed to any angle. is there. Specifically, the angle is preferably 70 to 120 degrees, more preferably 80 to 100 degrees. The angle between the facing rail 4 and the curtain rail frame 18 is the same as the angle between the guide rail 40 and the curtain rail frame 18.

The curtain rail frame 18 can have any shape. For example, as shown in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the ladder shape can be formed in the front view. When using other shapes, it is important to design them so that they are strong enough to withstand the blast.

Further, the frame 18 for the curtain rail may be omitted. When the curtain rail frame 18 is not provided, for example, the curtain rail 5 can be directly connected to the duct frame 30. In the case of this example, it is preferable to increase the strength of the curtain rail 5 so that the curtain rail 5 is not deformed.

(Curtain rail 5)
A curtain rail 5 is attached to the face side of the curtain rail frame 18. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the L-shaped metal fitting 70 is attached to the upper face side of the curtain rail frame 18, and the curtain frame 5 is fixed to the lower surface of the L-shaped metal fitting 70. This fixing is preferably integrated by welding or by using a known fastening means such as a bolt or a nut. In addition, unlike the first embodiment, the curtain rail 5 may be directly attached to the curtain rail frame 18.

The curtain rail 5 extends substantially horizontally in the transverse direction of the tunnel. The length of the curtain rail 5 in the transverse direction in the first embodiment is slightly shorter than the length of the curtain rail frame 18 in the transverse direction. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the right end of the curtain rail 5 is in contact with the left end of the duct frame 30 in front view, and the left end of the curtain rail 5 is in the vicinity of the opposing rail 4. In position. The left end of the curtain rail frame 18 extends further to the left beyond the position where the duct frame 30 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 8, the shape of the curtain rail 5 in the side view is a box shape. A through hole 5H is provided in the central portion of the bottom portion of the curtain rail 5, and no through hole 5H is provided in a portion (peripheral portion) other than the central portion. Wheels 21 for moving the curtain are provided inside the box-shaped curtain rail 5. The wheel 21 for moving the curtain rail is in a state of being mounted on the upper surface of the peripheral portion of the bottom portion of the curtain rail 5, and by traveling on the peripheral portion, the wheel 21 is configured to move left and right in the crossing direction of the tunnel. ing. In the side view of FIG. 8, two wheels 21 for moving the curtain are provided inside the curtain rail 5, and the wheels 21 and 21 for moving the curtain rail are connecting shafts extending in a substantially horizontal direction. They are connected by 21a. A support shaft 21b extending downward is attached to the intermediate portion of the connecting shaft 21a, and the support shaft 21b extends downward through a through hole 5H provided at the bottom of the curtain rail 5. However, the lower end portion thereof is connected to the upper end portion of the shatterproof curtain 2 described later. With the above configuration, the shatterproof curtain 2 can move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction together with the curtain frame 5 and the curtain rail frame 18. In the side view of FIG. 8, the curtain frame 5 is located on the front side of the drawing, and the duct frame 30 is located on the back side of the drawing.

Those including the curtain rail moving wheels 21, 21, the connecting shaft 21a, and the support shaft 21b are referred to as runners 16. A plurality of the runners 16 are attached to the curtain rail 5. Then, the curtain moving wheel 21 of the runner 16 moves left and right in the crossing direction of the tunnel (extending direction of the curtain rail 5) to open and close the curtain 2. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the runner 16 moves to the right side in the tunnel crossing direction, so that the intermediate curtain 2C is opened, and as shown in FIG. 1, the runner 16 is tunneled. By moving to the left side in the transverse direction, the intermediate curtain 2C is in a closed state. Although not shown, contrary to the first embodiment, when the runner 16 moves to the left side in the tunnel crossing direction, the intermediate curtain 2C is opened and the runner 16 moves to the right side in the tunnel crossing direction. May cause the intermediate curtain 2C to be in a closed state. Further, the intermediate curtain 2C is divided into two pieces, and the runner 16 of the intermediate curtain 2C on the left side moves to the left side, and the runner 16 of the intermediate curtain 2C on the right side moves to the right side, so that the intermediate curtain 2C is opened. Even if the runner 16 of the intermediate curtain 2C on the left side moves to the right side and the runner 16 of the intermediate curtain 2C on the right side moves to the left side, the intermediate curtain 2C is closed. Good. In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the runner 16 is manually moved, but a runner moving motor may be provided to automatically move the runner 16.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the left side curtain 2L and the right side curtain 2R are not opened and closed. This is because opening the intermediate curtain 2C creates a sufficiently large opening 31. A slip-carrying machine or the like (not shown) moves through the opening 31 to the face side of the anti-scattering curtain 2, and conversely moves to the wellhead side of the anti-scattering curtain 2 through the opening 31.

(Support member 19)
In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a support member 19 is provided in the vicinity of the tunnel ceiling wall 15. The support member 19 includes both ends of the curtain rail frame 18, a vertical member 19L extending upward from the central portion, and a horizontal member 19S connecting the upper ends of the vertical member 19L. The upper curtain 2T (which has a substantially semicircular shape in the illustrated form) is fixed in the internal space surrounded by the vertical member 19L, the horizontal member 19S, and the frame 18. As the material of the upper curtain 2T, a polycarbonate panel can be used. In addition, for example, the same ones as the left side curtain 2L, the right side curtain 2R and the intermediate curtain 2C may be used. The upper curtain 2T may be opened and closed, but it may not be opened and closed. Since heavy machinery and the like pass through the lower part of the curtain rail frame 18, it is necessary to make the intermediate curtain 2C openable and closable, but it is not necessary to open and close the upper part of the curtain rail frame 18.

(Lighting device)
Although not shown, lighting devices may be attached to the tip of the ventilation duct 9 of the guide rail 40 and the opposite rail 4, respectively. By attaching to such a position, the illuminating device can move in the tunnel extending direction. At the time of blasting, the lighting device is retracted to the position on the wellhead side from the shatterproof curtain 2 to prevent damage due to stepping stones, and except at the time of blasting, it is moved to the face side from the shatterproof curtain 2 to slip on the face 14. Make it easier to carry out work. This lighting device may be attached to the face side of the curtain rail frame 18 and moved integrally with the curtain rail frame 18.

The tunnel construction device 1 according to the present invention has various effects as described below.
(Main effect of guide rail 40)
Since the shatterproof curtain 2 moves back and forth along the guide rail 40 in the tunnel extension direction, the shatterproof curtain 2 can be easily moved, and labor can be saved. Further, when blasting is not performed, the intermediate curtain 2C is opened so that a sprayer, a drill jumbo, a dump truck, etc. can easily pass through. The left side curtain 2L and the right side curtain 2L may be opened together with the opening of the intermediate curtain 2C. In this case, the passage of a sprayer, a drill jumbo, a dump truck, etc. becomes easier.

Further, by moving the lighting device together with the ventilation duct 9, the movement of the lighting device becomes easy.

(Main effects of net curtains)
When a net curtain is used as the anti-scattering curtain 2, when the anti-scattering curtain 2 receives the stepping stones, it absorbs the impact of the stepping stones while becoming three-dimensional (while changing the shape of the mesh), and the anti-scattering curtain. Drop it on the face side of 2. Therefore, even a large stepping stone of the size of a human head can be flexibly received, decelerated and dropped.

Further, even if the fibers of the net curtain have some breakage or damage, it can be used, so that it has excellent durability. A net curtain made of wire rope is vulnerable to cutability and bending, but the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using flexible fibers such as Vectran.

Net curtains have the advantage of less damage than balloon curtains because they have low ventilation resistance and allow blast to escape. Since the balloon curtain seals the cross section of the tunnel with the curtain, it is easily affected by the blast (expansion gas) generated at the time of blasting. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the blast, the space volume from the face 14 to the balloon curtain must be increased. However, in the case of a net curtain, the curtain can be arranged in the vicinity of the face 14 without considering such a thing. For example, when the balloon curtain 2 is used, it is necessary to separate it from the face 14 by 30 m or more (50 m or more when using a strong explosive), but when using the net curtain 2, it is necessary to approach the face 14 to about 10 m, for example. Is also possible.

As described above, by providing the net curtain in the vicinity of the face 14, stepping stones can be collected in the vicinity of the face 14. Further, by arranging the shatterproof curtain 2 in the vicinity of the face 14, the evacuation place of the self-propelled crusher can also be brought close to the face 14. For example, when using a balloon curtain, it was necessary to retract the self-propelled crusher to a position about 50 m away from the face 14, but by using a net curtain, it is sufficient to retract it to a position about 15 m from the face 14. It will be.

As a result, the distance traveled by the self-propelled crusher is shortened, and the stepping stone scraping and loading work is facilitated, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

Originally, since the self-propelled crusher is a machine that is not supposed to move, it is better to shorten the mileage in order to avoid deterioration of the undercarriage of the machine, and the reduction of the moving distance is a great advantage. In addition, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption by shortening the mileage. Further, the conventional self-propelled crusher runs at high speed in the back in order to shorten the construction period. Therefore, there is a high possibility of a contact injury accident, but such a risk can be reduced by shortening the mileage.

Further, even when the lighting device is retracted to the wellhead side of the net curtain, the face 14 can be illuminated through the gap of the net, so that the visibility in the vicinity of the face 14 is improved and the work safety is improved. It gets higher.

When ventilating, it is possible to ventilate from the mesh, so it is highly effective when sending or sucking air with a ventilation facility.
When a balloon curtain is used, the contaminated air generated at the time of blasting is confined in the vicinity of the face 14, so that it takes time to discharge the contaminated air.

In addition, balloon curtains are expensive because they are special specifications. At the same time, the repair cost when the balloon is torn is high. Furthermore, if the sheet constituting the balloon curtain is torn, the balloon will not inflate, so it must be handled delicately. In the present invention, when a fishing net is used as the net curtain, the initial cost and the running cost can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where a balloon curtain or the like is used, and the handling thereof becomes easy.

Further, when a net curtain is used, small stepping stones, dust, sound and the like move to the wellhead side through the scattering prevention curtain 2. However, even if small stepping stones of 10 mm or less are scattered toward the wellhead side, the influence on the subsequent machines is small. In addition, dust and noise can be dealt with separately by using ventilation equipment and soundproof doors at the wellhead.

In the present invention, attention was paid to the fact that the balloon curtain that blocks all three of stepping stones, dust, and sound is over-engineered, and the initial cost is high due to this.

When a net curtain is used for the shatterproof curtain 2 of the tunnel construction device 1 according to the present invention, the initial cost of the tunnel construction device 1 can be reduced. The curtains of Patent Documents 1 and 2 also allow the blast to pass through, but they are expensive because they are of a special aspect. When an easily available fishing net is used as the net curtain, the initial cost can be further reduced as compared with the curtains of Patent Documents 1 and 2.

(1st sliding body, 2nd sliding body)
The tunnel construction device according to the present invention preferably has a first sliding body slidably connected to the first rail 3 and a second sliding body slidably connected to the second rail 33. As the first sliding body, the duct moving wheel 42 (for example, the duct moving upper wheel 42a and the duct moving lateral wheel 42b) can be exemplified, and as the second sliding body, the curtain moving wheel 34 is exemplified. can do. The first sliding body and the second sliding body are not limited to the wheels as described above, and may be, for example, a magnet built in and moved by the magnetic force of the magnet.

(Tunnel construction method)
The general mountain tunnel (NATM) construction procedure is (1) excavation process, (2) scraping out process, (3) primary concrete spraying process, (4) support construction building process, (5) secondary concrete construction process. It has a spraying process and (6) a lock bolt process. Then, after completing the (6) lock bolt process, the process returns to (1) the excavation process. The (1) excavation step includes (1-1) charging step, (1-2) blasting preparation step, (1-3) blasting step, and (1-4) face ventilation step. In addition, (1-4) face ventilation step and (2) slip-out step correspond to post-blasting treatment steps. The first embodiment of the tunnel construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13. The tunnel construction device shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 is the tunnel construction device of the first embodiment according to the present invention described above.

(1. Excavation process)
(1-1. Charge process)
A plan view of the charging process is shown in FIG. A scattering prevention curtain 2 is installed at a position about 15 to 20 m away from the face 14 on the wellhead side, and a ventilation duct 9 (specifically, a ventilation duct 9) is installed at a position about 5 to 10m away from the wellhead side from the scattering prevention curtain 2. Refers to the tip on the face side of No. 9. Hereinafter, the same applies to the description of each process of the tunnel construction method).

(1-2. Blasting preparation process)
In the blasting preparation process after the charge charge process is completed, both the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 are moved to the face side. A plan view of the state in which the blasting preparation step has been completed is shown in FIG.

The crushed stones are scattered toward the wellhead side due to blasting, but if the scattered range becomes wide, the distance for moving the scrap unloading machine back and forth increases, and the subsequent scrap unloading work requires labor. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the crushed stone near the face. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, it is preferable to arrange the shatterproof curtain 2 in the vicinity of the face in the blasting preparation step. Specifically, the shatterproof curtain 2 is preferably installed at a position about 10 to 25 m away from the face 14 on the wellhead side, and more preferably about 10 to 15 m away. If the distance from the face 14 to the shatterproof curtain 2 in the front-rear direction is shorter than 10 m, the shatterproof curtain 2 may be damaged by the blast at the time of blasting. On the other hand, if the distance from the face 14 to the shatterproof curtain 2 in the front-rear direction is longer than 25 m, the crushed stones are scattered over a wide range on the wellhead side, which increases the labor of the subsequent slip-out process.

On the other hand, if the position of the ventilation duct 9 is close to the face 14, the ventilation duct 9 may be damaged by crushed stones or blast waves scattered toward the wellhead side due to blasting. Therefore, it is important to arrange the ventilation duct 9 at a position closer to the wellhead side than the shatterproof curtain 2. Further, when a net curtain is used as the shatterproof curtain 2, crushed stones smaller than the mesh of the net curtain may pass through the shatterproof curtain 2 and scatter toward the wellhead side. At the same time, the blast also moves to the wellhead side through the mesh of the shatterproof curtain 2. Therefore, there is a risk of damage if the ventilation duct 9 is arranged near the shatterproof curtain 2, even if the position is closer to the wellhead side than the shatterproof curtain 2. Therefore, the ventilation duct 9 is preferably installed at a position 5 m or more away from the shatterproof curtain 2 on the wellhead side, and more preferably 10 m or more away from the shatterproof curtain 2 on the wellhead side. On the other hand, if the ventilation duct 9 is separated from the face 14 too much, it takes a long time to move the ventilation duct 9 to the vicinity of the face in the face ventilation step (1-4) later, and it is difficult to perform quick ventilation. Therefore, the distance between the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 located on the wellhead side of the shatterproof curtain 2 is preferably within 10 m, and more preferably within 5 m.

(1-3. Blasting process)
In the blasting step, blasting is performed in the plan view shown in FIG.

(1-4. Face ventilation process)
By blasting in the blasting process, a large amount of fine particles are newly generated in the vicinity of the face, and the atmospheric environment in the space near the face is rapidly deteriorated. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, in the face ventilation step, the ventilation duct 9 is quickly moved to the face side to purify the air in the vicinity of the face. Note that FIG. 11 shows a state after the ventilation duct 9 is moved to the face side. The distance from the face 14 to the ventilation duct 9 is preferably 5 to 15 m, and preferably 5 to 10 m. If it is shorter than 5 m, the distance between the face 14 and the ventilation duct 9 becomes too close. Therefore, although the air at a position extremely close to the face 14 can be purified, it is difficult to purify the air at a position slightly distant from the face 14 toward the wellhead side. On the contrary, if it is longer than 15 m, the distance between the face 14 and the ventilation duct 9 becomes too long. Therefore, it is difficult to purify the air near the face 14.

When moving the ventilation duct 9 to the face side, the scattering prevention curtain 2 is not moved. We want to move only the ventilation duct 9 like the face ventilation process by making the structure so that the ventilation duct 9 and the shatterproof curtain 2 can be moved separately in the tunnel extension direction like the above-mentioned tunnel construction device. Sometimes useful. The ventilation duct 9 moves to the face side of the shatterproof curtain 2 through the through hole 55 provided in the shatterproof curtain 2.

(2) Sliding carry-out process
In the slip removal process after the face ventilation process, the scattered stones generated by blasting are carried out to the wellhead side using a slip removal machine. Examples of the scrap unloading machine include those that run on the tunnel floor surface with tires, and move around the vicinity of the tunnel face in order to collect and carry out the slip. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, it is preferable to move the shatterproof curtain 2 to the wellhead side so as not to interfere with the collection and removal of the waste by the waste removal machine. Specifically, it is preferable to move the shatterproof curtain 2 to a position 20 m or more away from the face 14 toward the wellhead side, for example, so as not to interfere with the slip-unloading machine.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, it is preferable to move the ventilation duct 9 slightly (about 5 to 10 m) toward the face side from the state shown in FIG. Ventilation is required because exhaust gas (including NOx and CO) is emitted from the diesel engine of a scraping machine (for example, a crawler excavator or dump truck), and dust is generated when earth and sand are lifted by the excavator. That's why.

(3) Primary concrete spraying process After the scraps are carried out, the primary spraying of concrete is performed. A plan view of the concrete primary spraying process is shown in FIG. In this primary concrete spraying step, it is preferable to move the ventilation duct 9 to a predetermined position from the state shown in FIG. Specifically, it is preferable that the distance from the face 14 to the ventilation duct 9 in the tunnel extension direction is within 1 times the equivalent diameter of the face cross-sectional area. That is, the diameter of a perfect circle having the same area as the face cross-sectional area is called an equivalent diameter, and it is preferable that the distance from the face 14 to the ventilation duct 9 is shorter than this equivalent diameter. However, if the position of the ventilation duct 9 is too close to the face 14, it interferes with the concrete spraying work. Therefore, it is preferable to separate the ventilation duct 9 to a position (5 to 10 m from the face) that does not interfere with the concrete spraying work.

(4) Support construction building process (6) Lock bolt process After the primary spraying of concrete is completed, (4) Support construction is built, (5) Secondary spraying of concrete is performed, and (6) Lock. Place the bolt. In the (4) support construction building process and (6) lock bolt process, the ventilation duct 9 is retracted in the tunnel extension direction to bring it into the state shown in FIG. This is because if the ventilation duct 9 is in the vicinity of the face, it interferes with these operations because the support work is erected on the side wall and the ceiling wall in the vicinity of the face and the lock bolt is placed. As shown in the plan view (FIG. 13) of the primary spraying process, since the shatterproof curtain 2 is already located on the wellhead side, it does not interfere with the construction of the support work and the placement of the lock bolt. Therefore, it is not particularly necessary to move the shatterproof curtain 2.

(5) Secondary concrete spraying process (4) Secondary spraying of concrete is performed between the (4) support construction building process and (6) rock bolt process. When concrete is sprayed, a large amount of fine particles are generated near the face, and the air near the face is polluted. Therefore, in order to purify the air in the vicinity of the face, it is preferable to move the ventilation duct 9 to the vicinity of the face again. The position where the ventilation duct 9 is moved may be the same as that at the time of primary concrete spraying shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, it is preferable to retract the anti-scattering curtain 2 to the wellhead side in order to prevent the concrete from adhering to the anti-scattering curtain 2 when the concrete is sprayed.

(Second Embodiment)
The tunnel construction apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned first embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, a second embodiment as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 can be adopted. It is also possible to omit the duct frame 30 as in this second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, if the duct frame 30 is omitted, there is a demerit that the area of the right curtain 2R becomes small.

In the second embodiment, the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 are provided separately, and the rail connecting body 32 as in the first embodiment is not provided. Since the first rail 3 and the duct connecting body 41 and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted here.

In this second embodiment, the shape of the second rail 33 is different from that of the first embodiment, and specifically, the same H steel as the first rail 3 is used. 33a is the upper flange portion, 33b is the web portion, and 33c is the lower flange portion.

Further, below the second rail 33, a guide rail connecting body 141 having the same structure as the duct connecting body 41 is provided. 142 is a duct moving wheel, 142a is a duct moving upper wheel, 142b is a duct moving lateral wheel, and 146 and 147 are axles. Further, 141a is a bottom portion and 141b is a side wall portion.

Since the second rail 33, the guide rail connecting body 141, and the like have the same structure, the description thereof will be omitted.

In the second embodiment, since the duct frame 30 is not used, the second rail 33 is connected to the curtain rail frame 18.

Further, when the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 are separated as in the second embodiment, the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 are tunneled by using different motors as the tunnel is excavated. Since it is necessary to move it in the stretching direction, the initial cost and the running cost increase. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, a rail connecting body 132 is provided so as to bridge between the first rail 3 and the second rail 33, and either one of the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 is moved. If so, it is preferable to have a structure in which the other rail also moves accordingly.

(Third Embodiment)
A third embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 may be turned upside down with respect to the structure around the second rail 33. Specifically, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the positions of the second rail 33 and the support shaft 45 are upside down from the first embodiment. When viewed from the front, the upper surface of the second rail 33 formed in a box shape is slidably mounted on the curtain moving wheel 34, and the upper surface of the second rail 33 is the curtain moving wheel 34. The structure is such that the curtain 2 moves in the tunnel extending direction by moving on the tunnel extending direction. Other explanations will be omitted because they are duplicates of the above.

Further, in the third embodiment, the first rail 3 is directly connected to the ventilation duct 9 by using a known fastening means such as a bolt or a nut without providing the duct connecting body 41. Then, the upper flange portion 3a of the first rail 3 is slidably mounted on the duct moving wheel 42, and the upper flange portion 3a of the first rail 3 sits on the duct moving wheel 42. The structure is such that the ventilation duct 9 moves in the tunnel extension direction by moving in the tunnel extension direction.

The duct moving wheel 42 is connected to the wheel connecting body 50. The wheel connecting body 50 has a vertical connecting body 50a extending in the height direction and a horizontal connecting body 50b extending in the transverse direction, and the vertical connecting body 50a and the horizontal connecting body 50b are connected at an intermediate portion thereof. Is united. Specifically, the horizontal connecting body 50b is connected to the intermediate portion in the height direction of the vertical connecting body 50a by bolts or nuts (may be connected by welding or the like), and the connecting portion is used as a starting point (connecting portion). The base end portion) and the horizontal connecting body 50b extend to the left and right, respectively. A wheel 34 for moving a curtain is attached to the lower surface of the tip end portion of the horizontal connecting body 50b via a support shaft 45 and a connecting shaft 44.

A connecting shaft 50c extending in the transverse direction is formed on the upper portion of the wheel connecting body 50a, and wheels 80 and 80 for moving the wheel connecting body are attached to both ends of the connecting shaft 50c, respectively. The wheels 80, 80 for moving the wheel connecting body are slidably mounted on the lower surface 27a of the intermediate body 27 of the connecting member 22, and the wheels 80, 80 for moving the wheel connecting body are the intermediate body 27. The wheel connecting body 50 moves in the tunnel extending direction by moving on the lower surface 27a of the wheel connecting body 50 in the tunnel extending direction.

(Effects of tunnel construction equipment and tunnel construction methods)
The present invention has a configuration in which the shatterproof curtain 2 moves along the guide rail 40. With such a configuration, the shatterproof curtain 2 can be easily moved in the tunnel extension direction, and the shatterproof curtain 2 can be moved to the face side at any time according to the progress of excavation of the tunnel. As a result, the distance between the face 14 and the shatterproof curtain 2 is shortened, and the crushed stones gather in the vicinity of the face without diffusing, so that the work of scraping and loading the crushed stones becomes easier and the work efficiency is improved.

Further, in the present invention, the first rail 3 used for moving the shatterproof curtain 2 and the second rail 33 used for moving the ventilation duct 9 are separately prepared. Therefore, the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 can be moved separately in the tunnel extending direction. For example, the moving speed of the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 can be changed, or the moving distance can be changed. Further, for example, the shatterproof curtain 2 can be moved to the face side and the ventilation duct 9 can be moved to the wellhead side, and the like can be moved in different directions. Further, it is possible to control that only one of the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 is moved and the other is not moved. By enabling such fine control, for example, (1) excavation process, (2) slip-out process, (3) primary concrete spraying process, (4) support construction building process, (5) concrete In the secondary spraying step and (6) lock bolt step, the shatterproof curtain 2 and the ventilation duct 9 can be quickly arranged at the required positions.

Further, by connecting the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 with the duct connecting body 32, the first rail 3 and the second rail 33 can be moved integrally. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately prepare a motor for moving the first rail 3 and a motor for moving the second rail 33, and the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced.

Further, if there are existing facilities (existing first rail 3 and ventilation duct 9), by attaching the duct connecting body 32 and the second rail 33 to the first rail 3, the tunnel construction device according to the present invention. Therefore, the initial cost can be reduced.

Further, as compared with the case where only the guide rail 40 is used, the number of places where the curtain rail frame 18 is supported increases when the guide rail 40 and the opposing rail 4 are used. As a result, the curtain rail frame 18 can be moved more stably in the tunnel extending direction.

Further, if the lighting device is moved along the guide rail, the lighting device can be moved more easily than before, and the moving time is shortened.

By integrating the ventilation duct 9 and the lighting device, or by integrating the guide rail 40 and the lighting device, it becomes easy to control the movement in the tunnel extension direction. Since the timing of movement of the lighting device is often the same as that of the ventilation duct 9 and the guide rail 40 due to the blasting work, such integration is effective. The lighting device, the ventilation duct 9, and the guide rail 40 may all be integrated. Further, the lighting device may be moved along the facing rail 4. The movement of the lighting device can be facilitated and the movement time can be shortened.

Further, when the shatterproof curtain 2 is a balloon, air must be taken in and out every time the shatterproof curtain 2 is moved. Even when the shatterproof curtain 2 is moved by using the guide rail 40, some air needs to be taken in and out so that the shatterproof curtain 2 does not rub against the tunnel peripheral wall. Therefore, by using a net curtain for the shatterproof curtain 2, it is not necessary to take in and out air, the shatterproof curtain 2 can be easily moved, and the moving time can be shortened.

Also, the balloon curtain is likely to be damaged by the blast at the time of blasting. Therefore, it is necessary to install the balloon curtain at a predetermined distance (for example, 50 m or more) from the face. On the other hand, when the shatterproof curtain 2 is a mesh curtain, the blast passes through the mesh, so that the risk of damage due to the blast is reduced. As a result, the distance between the face and the shatterproof curtain 2 (net) can be shortened, and the crushed stone can be kept in the vicinity of the face.

As the anti-scattering curtain 2 that allows the blast to pass through, there are also those such as those of Patent Documents 1 and 2. However, since the curtain described in the patent document is a custom-made product, the initial cost is high. By making the shatterproof curtain 2 of the present invention generally available (for example, a fishing net), the initial cost can be significantly suppressed.

1: Tunnel construction equipment 2: Anti-scattering curtain, 2L: Left side curtain, 2R: Right side curtain, 3: 1st rail, 3a: Upper flange part, 3b: Web part, 3c: Lower flange part, 4: Opposing rail 4, 4a: Upper flange part, 4b: Web part, 4c: Lower flange part, 5: Curtain rail, 5H: Through hole, 6: Guide rail moving wheel, 9: Ventilation duct, 10: Tunnel side wall, 11: Tunnel mine , 13: Suspended body, 14: Tunnel face, 15: Tunnel ceiling wall, 16: Curtain runner, 18: Curtain rail frame, 19: Support member, 19L: Vertical member, 19S: Horizontal member, 21: Curtain for lateral movement Wheel, 21a: Connecting shaft, 21b: Support shaft, 23: Chain, 24: Hook, 26: Ring, 27: Intermediate body, 27a: Bottom surface, 30: Duct frame, 32: Rail connecting body, 32L: Left extension , 32R: Right extension, 33: 2nd rail, 33L: Left 2nd rail, 33R: Right 2nd rail, 33H: Through hole, 34: Curtain moving wheel (2nd wheel), 35: Ventilation duct movement Motor, 36: Guide rail moving motor, 37: Curtain moving motor, 40: Guide rail, 41: Duct connection, 41a: Bottom, 41b: Side wall 41b, 42: Duct moving wheel, 42a: Duct moving Upper wheel (first wheel), 42b: lateral wheel for duct movement (first wheel), 43: reinforcing body, 44: connecting shaft, 45: support shaft, 46: axle, 47: axle, 50: wheel connecting body , 50a: Vertical connection, 50b: Horizontal connection, 50c: Connection shaft, 55: Through hole, 61: Curtain rail frame connection, 61a: Bottom, 61b: Side wall, 62: Curtain rail duct movement upper wheel , 63: Horizontal wheel for moving curtain rail duct, 66: Axle, 67: Axle, 70: L-shaped metal fitting, 80: Wheel for moving wheel connection body, 132: Rail connection body, 141: Guide rail connection body, 141a: Bottom , 141b: Side wall, 142: Duct movement wheel, 142a: Duct movement upper wheel, 142b: Duct movement side wheel, 146: Axle, 147: Axle, BP: Reference point, L1: Vertical virtual line, L2: Left side virtual line, L3: right side virtual line, N1: distance from left side wall and ground contact (P1) to reference point (BP), N2: right side wall and ground contact (P1) to reference point (BP) Distance, P1: Contact point between the left side wall and the ground, P2: Contact point between the right side wall and the ground, α: Angle between the vertical virtual line (L1) and the left virtual line (L2), β: Vertical virtual line ( Angle between L1) and right virtual line (L3), θ: Angle between left virtual line (L2) and right virtual line (L3)

Claims (11)

A guide rail installed at the top of the tunnel mine and extending in the direction of extension of the tunnel,
In tunnel construction, a ventilation duct that ventilates the air on the face side of the tunnel mine,
It has an anti-scattering curtain that prevents crushed stones from scattering toward the wellhead side in the blasting of tunnel construction.
The guide rail
The first rail used to move the ventilation duct and
It has a second rail used for moving the shatterproof curtain, and has.
The ventilation duct can move back and forth along the first rail, and the anti-scattering curtain can move back and forth separately along the second rail in the extending direction of the tunnel .
It has a ceiling connection that is directly or indirectly connected to the ceiling wall of the tunnel,
At least one of the first rail and the second rail is slidably connected to the ceiling connecting body.
At least one of the first rail and the second rail can move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction through the ceiling connecting body.
A tunnel construction device characterized in that the first rail and the second rail are connected and integrated by a rail connecting body. A first sliding body slidably connected to the first rail,
It has a second sliding body that is slidably connected to the second rail.
The ventilation duct is directly or indirectly connected to the first sliding body and is connected to the first sliding body.
The ventilation duct is configured to move in the tunnel extending direction as the first sliding body connected to the ventilation duct moves in the tunnel extending direction.
The shatterproof curtain is directly or indirectly connected to the second sliding body.
The tunnel construction device according to claim 1, wherein the shatterproof curtain moves in the tunnel extension direction as the second sliding body connected to the shatterproof curtain moves in the tunnel extension direction. A guide rail installed at the top of the tunnel mine and extending in the direction of extension of the tunnel,
In tunnel construction, a ventilation duct that ventilates the air on the face side of the tunnel mine,
It has an anti-scattering curtain that prevents crushed stones from scattering toward the wellhead side in the blasting of tunnel construction.
The guide rail
The first rail used to move the ventilation duct and
It has a second rail used for moving the shatterproof curtain, and has.
The ventilation duct can move back and forth along the first rail, and the anti-scattering curtain can move back and forth separately along the second rail in the extending direction of the tunnel.
With a ceiling connector that is directly or indirectly connected to the ceiling wall of the tunnel,
A first sliding body slidably connected to the first rail,
A second sliding body slidably connected to the second rail,
Wheels for moving the wheel connecting body slidably connected to the ceiling connecting body,
It has a first sliding body, a second sliding body, and a wheel connecting body that connects the wheels for moving the wheel connecting body.
The ventilation duct is directly or indirectly connected to the first rail.
The ventilation duct is configured to move in the tunnel extending direction as the first rail connected to the ventilation duct moves in the tunnel extending direction.
The shatterproof curtain is directly or indirectly connected to the second rail.
A tunnel construction device characterized in that the shatterproof curtain is configured to move in the tunnel extension direction as the second rail connected to the shatterproof curtain moves in the tunnel extension direction. A through hole that penetrates the anti-scattering curtain in the tunnel extending direction is provided in a passage that is a part of the anti-scattering curtain and the ventilation duct moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction.
The ventilation duct
It can move to the face side of the shatterproof curtain through the inside of the through hole.
The tunnel construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which can move to the wellhead side of the anti-scattering curtain through the inside of the through hole. The guide rail is provided at the upper part of the tunnel on one of the left and right sides in the tunnel crossing direction.
An opposed rail extending along the extending direction of the tunnel is provided along with the guide rail at the upper part of the tunnel on the left and right opposite sides in the tunnel crossing direction.
A curtain rail extending in the tunnel crossing direction is provided by connecting between the guide rail and the opposite rail at the upper part of the tunnel.
With the shatterproof curtain suspended from the curtain rail
By moving the curtain rail back and forth along the guide rail and the opposing rail in the tunnel extending direction, the curtain rail moves back and forth.
The tunnel construction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anti-scattering curtain moves back and forth in the tunnel extending direction together with the curtain rail. The guide rail is provided at the upper part of the tunnel on one of the left and right sides in the tunnel crossing direction.
An opposed rail extending along the extending direction of the tunnel is provided along with the guide rail at the upper part of the tunnel on the left and right opposite sides in the tunnel crossing direction.
A curtain rail extending in the tunnel crossing direction is provided between the guide rail and the opposite rail at the upper part of the tunnel.
A ventilation duct frame is provided around the through hole, and a ventilation duct frame is provided.
The curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame are adjacent to each other.
The guide rail and the facing rail are connected by at least one of the curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame.
With the shatterproof curtain suspended from the curtain rail
By moving the curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame back and forth along the guide rail and the opposing rail in the tunnel extending direction, the curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction.
Wherein with curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame, the shatterproof curtain tunnel construction device of claim 4, wherein where the structure moves back and forth in the tunnel drawing direction. It has a ceiling connection that is directly or indirectly connected to the ceiling wall of the tunnel,
The first rail is slidably connected to the ceiling connecting body.
The first rail can move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction through the ceiling connecting body.
The first rail and the second rail are connected and integrated by a rail connecting body.
The rail connecting body
A left extending portion extending from the first rail to the left in the transverse direction, and a left extending portion.
It has a right extending portion extending from the first rail to the right side in the transverse direction.
The second rail is provided on the left side in the transverse direction of the left extending portion and on the right side in the transverse direction of the right extending portion, respectively.
A curtain rail that extends in the direction across the tunnel and suspends the shatterproof curtain,
Adjacent to the curtain rail in the tunnel crossing direction, the ventilation duct has a ventilation duct frame through which the inside passes.
The left second rail provided on the left side in the transverse direction of the left extending portion is connected to at least one of the curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame.
The tunnel construction device according to claim 1, wherein the right second rail provided on the right side in the transverse direction of the right extending portion is connected to at least one of the curtain rail and the ventilation duct frame. The shatterproof curtain is a soft net formed of fibers.
The tunnel construction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the anti-scattering curtain has a tensile strength of 400 N or more, and the anti-scattering curtain has an elongation rate of 70% or more. The tunnel construction device according to claim 8, wherein the Feret diameter of the mesh of the shatterproof curtain is 8 mm to 20 mm. A guide rail installed at the top of the tunnel mine and extending in the direction of extension of the tunnel,
In tunnel construction, a ventilation duct that ventilates the air on the face side of the tunnel mine,
It has an anti-scattering curtain that prevents crushed stones from scattering toward the wellhead side in the blasting of tunnel construction.
The guide rail
The first rail used to move the ventilation duct and
The second rail used to move the shatterproof curtain and
With a ceiling connection, which is directly or indirectly connected to the ceiling wall of the tunnel,
At least one of the first rail and the second rail is slidably connected to the ceiling connecting body.
At least one of the first rail and the second rail can move back and forth in the tunnel extending direction through the ceiling connecting body.
The first rail and the second rail are connected by a rail connecting body and integrated by using a tunnel construction device.
A tunnel construction method in which the ventilation duct is moved back and forth along the first rail and the anti-scattering curtain is moved back and forth separately along the second rail in the extending direction of the tunnel. The tunnel construction method includes a blasting preparation step, a blasting step, and a blasting post-treatment step.
In the blasting preparation step
The anti-scattering curtain is arranged near the face, and the ventilation duct is arranged closer to the wellhead side than the anti-scattering curtain.
In the post-blasting treatment step
The first rail is used to move the ventilation duct to the face side and arrange it near the face, and the ventilation duct is used to ventilate the air near the face.
The tunnel construction method according to claim 10, wherein the shatterproof curtain is moved to the wellhead side by using the second rail, separated from the face, and the crushed stone held near the face is carried out to the wellhead side.

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