JP6867957B2 - Machine tools and control devices for those machine tools - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool that processes a work and a control device for the machine tool.

Conventionally, a spindle for holding the work so as to be openable and closable is provided on the bed so as to be movable in the axial direction, and each time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work, the holding of the work is released and the work is released in the axial direction. An engaging means that moves and is controlled to hold the work at a predetermined holding position and whose engaging position changes with the movement of the spindle is provided between the spindle and the bed, and the spindle is provided. However, there is known a machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work by holding the work at the holding position for each processing of the product and performing processing movement accompanying the processing of the product. There is.
However, when a plurality of predetermined products are produced from the work, the main shaft reciprocates within a predetermined range in the axial direction, so that the engaging portion of the engaging means may be locally worn. ..
On the other hand, as in Patent Document 1, a tool post holding a tool for processing a work held on the spindle, a bed supporting the tool post so as to be movable in the same direction as the spindle, and a bed supported on the bed and described above. A main reciprocating table that moves in a direction orthogonal to the spindle, a sub reciprocating table that supports the tool post and moves in the same direction as the main reciprocating table, and drives the main reciprocating table in a direction orthogonal to the spindle. It is provided with a main ball screw mechanism for driving the sub-return table and a sub-ball screw mechanism for driving the sub-return table in a direction orthogonal to the main shaft, and the main reciprocating table and the sub It is performed in combination with the reciprocating table, and the positions of the main reciprocating table and the sub reciprocating table are relatively changed, and the main ball screw mechanism and the sub ball screw mechanism or related sliding means and other engaging means are localized. Numerically controlled lathes that prevent wear are known.

Japanese Patent No. 2506209 (see claim 1 and FIG. 1)

However, when the main ball screw mechanism and the sub ball screw mechanism applied to the movement of the tool post are applied to the movement of the spindle, there is a problem that the structure and control of the spindle become complicated.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, that is, the object of the present invention is to set the spindle in an arbitrary range by a simple structure and control without depending on processing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool and a control device for the machine tool, which can be moved and machined while preventing adverse effects on the driving means or the sliding guide means.

The invention according to claim 1 is a spindle that holds the work openable and closable.AxisIt is provided on the bed so as to be movable in the linear direction, and the holding of the work is released every time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work.SaidIt moves in the axial direction and is controlled to hold the work at a predetermined holding position of the spindle.In front of the driving means that drives the movement in the axial directionA spindle is provided between the spindle and the bed, and the spindle holds the work at the holding position for each processing of the product, and performs processing movement accompanying the processing of the product to continuously move from the work. A machine tool that executes the processing of the product.The drive means is integrally provided with a nut provided on the spindle side. It is composed of a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft provided on the bed side, and the screw shaft is said to be the same. The engagement range that engages with the nut changes as the spindle moves.The said according to the machining movement of the spindleWith the nut and the screw shaftThe holding position is such that SaidIt solves the above-mentioned problems by being set for each processing of the product.

The invention according to the claims 2, in addition to have been of the machine tool structure according to claim 1, wherein the holding position location is, the nut is moved in each different non-overlapping range of the screw shaft, successively By determining the position where a plurality of products are processed , the above-mentioned problems are further solved.

The invention according to the claims 3, provided with a main shaft for holding the workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably base head in the axial direction, said spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, the workpiece release the hold to move in the axial direction, is controlled to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, and the main shaft the sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main axis provided between the beds, the spindle is holding the workpiece in the holding position for each processing of the product, by performing processing moves accompanying the processing of the products, continuously the products from the work The sliding guide means is configured to include a sliding portion integrally provided on the spindle side and a rail provided on the bed side, and the said rail. as contact area to slide the sliding portion, changes with the movement of the spindle, depending on the machining movement of the main shaft and the sliding portion and the rail is in contact with each different contact area, the By setting the holding position for each processing of the product , the above-mentioned problems are solved.

In the invention according to claim 4, in addition to the structure of the machine tool according to claim 3 , the sliding portion slides integrally with the spindle on the rail, and the holding position is the said. the sliding part is moved in each one another do not overlap different ranges of the rail, by being set at the position where machining of a plurality of products is continuously performed, is to further solve the aforementioned problems.

In the invention according to the fifth aspect, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the spindle is placed on the tip end side of the work for each processing of the product. By moving forward and being configured to hold the work , the above-mentioned problems are further solved.

In the invention according to claim 6, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the spindle moves in a state where the holding of the work is released. At that time , the tool for processing the work comes into contact with the tip of the work as a stopper, thereby further solving the above-mentioned problem.

In the invention according to claim 7, in addition to the structure of the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , the spindle supporting the spindle holds a tool for processing the work. comprising a vibration means for vibrating in the axial direction with respect to the knives stand for, by the is configured to execute the processing of the workpiece while vibrating, it is to further solve the aforementioned problems.

The invention according to the claims 8, provided with a main shaft for holding the workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably base head in the axial direction, said spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, the workpiece release the hold to move in the axial direction, is controlled to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, wherein the drive means for driving the movement to the axial direction of the spindle and the spindle bed provided between the drive means, a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft eclipsed set on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the spindle side, the nut engaging the screw shaft The engaging range to be engaged changes with the movement of the spindle, and the spindle holds the work at the holding position for each machining of the product, and the machining movement associated with the machining of the product is performed. a control device for a machine tool that performs the machining of continuously said product from word over click, so that said screw shaft and the nut is engaged with each different engagement range depending on the machining movement of the spindle In addition, the above- mentioned problems are solved by setting the holding position for each processing of the product.

The invention according to the claims 9 is provided with a main shaft for holding the workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably base head in the axial direction, said spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, the workpiece release the hold to move in the axial direction, is controlled to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, and the main shaft the sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main axis The sliding guide means provided between the bed and the sliding guide means includes a sliding portion integrally provided on the spindle side and a rail provided on the front bed side, and the sliding portion of the rail. contact touch range of sliding, varies in accordance with the movement of the spindle, said spindle, said hold the holding position location in the work for each processing of the product, for machining movement with the processing of the product and it allows a control device for a machine tool that performs the machining of continuously said product from said word click, and said rail and said sliding part is in contact at each different contact area depending on the machining movement of the spindle by setting the hold position for each processing of the product, it is intended to solve the aforementioned problems.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, a spindle for holding the work so as to be openable and closable is provided on the bed so as to be movable in the axial direction, and each time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work, the work is held. A driving means that is released, moves in the axial direction, is controlled to hold the work at a predetermined holding position, and drives the movement of the spindle in the axial direction is provided between the spindle and the bed. provided, the spindle, the retaining said at the holding position for each product processing work, by performing processing moves accompanying the processing of the previous SL product, executing a pressurized Engineering continuously said product from said workpiece a machine tool, said drive means comprises a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft provided on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the spindle side, front Symbol nut engaging said threaded shaft engagement range is changed in accordance with the movement of the main shaft, such that the screw shaft and the nut is engaged with any engaging range according to the machining movement of the spindle, the holding position before Symbol The above-mentioned problems are solved by setting based on the state change of the engaging range for each processing of the product.

The invention according to the claims 11, in addition to have been of the machine tool structure according to claim 10, the state change of the engagement range, by a change in the machining pass of the workpiece in each of said engagement range , It solves the above-mentioned problems.

In the invention according to claim 12, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 10 or 11, the change of state of the engaging range is a change of preload in each of the engaging ranges. This solves the above-mentioned problems.

The invention according to claim 13 is the operation according to any one of claims 10 to 12. In addition to the configuration of the machine, a predetermined engagement range changed based on the state change of the engagement range , The above-mentioned problem is solved by being excluded from the engagement range to be engaged according to the machining movement. It is something to decide.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the spindle for holding the work can be opened and closed can be moved in the axial direction. Provided on the bed, every time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work, the work Release the holding, move in the axial direction, and hold the work at a predetermined holding position. A sliding guide means that is controlled and guides the movement of the spindle in the axial direction is provided in front of the spindle. Provided between the bed and the spindle, the work is held at the holding position for each processing of the product. By holding and performing the processing movement accompanying the processing of the product, the work is continuously described. A machine tool that processes products, and the sliding guide means is integrally installed on the spindle side. It is configured to include a sliding portion and a rail provided on the bed side, and is in front of the rail. The contact range that slides with the sliding part changes with the movement of the spindle, and the machining movement of the spindle changes. The holding position is set forward so that the sliding portion and the rail come into contact with each other within an arbitrary contact range. By setting based on the state change of the sliding range for each processing of the described product, the above-mentioned section It solves the problem.

The invention according to claim 15 has the above-mentioned contact in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 14. The change of state in the touch range is the change in the number of times the workpiece is machined in each of the contact ranges. This is to solve the above-mentioned problems.

The invention according to claim 16 is the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 14 or 15. In addition, the predetermined contact range changed based on the state change of the contact range is the processing transfer. It solves the above-mentioned problem by being excluded from the contact range that engages in response to motion. is there.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the spindle for holding the work can be opened and closed can be moved in the axial direction. Provided on the bed, every time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work, the work Release the holding, move in the axial direction, and hold the work at a predetermined holding position. The driving means that is controlled and drives the movement of the spindle in the axial direction is the spindle and the bed. The drive means is provided between the nut and the bed side, which is integrally provided on the spindle side. It consists of a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft provided, and engages with the nut of the screw shaft. The engagement range changes with the movement of the spindle, and the spindle keeps the spindle for each processing of the product. By holding the work in the holding position and performing the processing movement accompanying the processing of the product, the said A control device for a machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work, and is a control device for the spindle. The holding so that the nut and the screw shaft are engaged in an arbitrary engagement range according to the machining movement. By setting the holding position based on the state change of the engaging range for each processing of the product, the front It solves the problems mentioned above.

According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the spindle for holding the work can be opened and closed can be moved in the axial direction. Provided on the bed, every time the spindle processes a predetermined product from the work, the work Release the holding, move in the axial direction, and hold the work at a predetermined holding position. A sliding guide means that is controlled and guides the movement of the spindle in the axial direction is provided in front of the spindle. The sliding guide means is provided between the bed and the sliding portion integrally provided on the spindle side. It is configured to include a rail provided on the bed side, and slides on the sliding portion of the rail. The sliding range changes with the movement of the spindle, and the spindle keeps the spindle for each processing of the product. By holding the work in the holding position and performing the processing movement accompanying the processing of the product, the said A control device for a machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work, and is a control device for the spindle. The holding so that the sliding portion and the rail come into contact with each other within an arbitrary contact range according to the machining movement. By setting the holding position based on the state change of the contact range for each processing of the product, the front It solves the problems mentioned above.

According to the machine tool and the control device of the machine tool of the present invention, by releasing the gripping of the work by the spindle and moving the spindle to the set holding position for each machining of the product, the spindle does not depend on the machining. With a simple structure and control, the spindle can be moved within an arbitrary range to perform machining while preventing adverse effects on the driving means or the sliding guide means.

The figure which shows the outline of the machine tool which is one Example of this invention. The perspective view which shows the periphery of the headstock of the machine tool which is one Example of this invention, and the Z-axis direction feed mechanism. The schematic side view which shows the state at the time of starting the processing of the 1st work. The schematic side view which shows the state at the time of finishing the processing of the 1st work. The schematic side view which shows the state at the time of starting the processing of the 2nd workpiece. The schematic side view which shows the state when the processing of the 2nd workpiece is finished. The figure which shows the control operation of the control part of the machine tool which is one Example of this invention, and the engaging means. The control flowchart when the counting means was used for the control part of this invention. A first example of a control flowchart when a preload detecting means is used for the control unit of the present invention. A second example of a control flowchart when a preload detecting means is used for the control unit of the present invention. The control flowchart when the counting means and the preload detecting means are used for the control part of this invention.

The machine tool of the present invention and the control device of the machine tool have a configuration in which the spindles move to a set holding position when machining the products that are separate from each other, hold the work, and perform the machining movement. Therefore, if the spindle is moved within an arbitrary range by a simple structure and control without depending on machining and machining is performed while preventing adverse effects on the driving means or the sliding guide means, the machining is performed. Any specific embodiment may be used.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a machine tool 100 provided with a control device 180, which is an embodiment of the present invention.
The machine tool 100 includes a spindle 110 and a tool post 130A.
A spindle chuck 120 is provided at the tip of the spindle 110.
The material B is held as a work on the main shaft 110 via the main shaft chuck 120, and the main shaft 110 is configured as a work holding means for holding the material B so as to be openable and closable.
The spindle 110 is supported by the spindle 110A so as to be rotationally driven by the power of a spindle motor (not shown).
As the spindle motor, a conventionally known built-in motor or the like formed between the spindle 110A and the spindle 110 in the spindle 110A can be considered.

As shown in FIG. 2, the headstock 110A is movably mounted on the bed side of the machine tool 100 in the Z-axis direction, which is the axial direction of the spindle 110, by the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160.
The spindle 110 moves in the Z-axis direction via the headstock 110A by the movement of the headstock 110A in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160.
The Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 constitutes a spindle movement mechanism that moves the spindle 110 in the Z-axis direction.

The Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 includes a base 161 integrated with the fixed side of the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 such as the bed, and a Z-axis direction guide rail 162 provided on the base 161 and extending in the Z-axis direction. There is.
A Z-axis direction feed table 163 is slidably supported in the Z-axis direction on the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 via the Z-axis direction guide block 164.
The Z-axis direction guide rail 162 and the Z-axis direction guide block 164 constitute a sliding guide means for guiding the sliding of the spindle 110 with respect to the bed in the Z-axis direction, of which the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 slides. A rail provided on the bed side of the guide means is formed, and a Z-axis direction guide block 164 constitutes a sliding portion integrally provided on the main shaft side of the sliding guide means.

A nut 165a of the ball screw mechanism 165 is provided on the Z-axis direction feed table 163 side, and a screw shaft 165b of the ball screw mechanism 165 and a servomotor 165c which is an example of a motor for rotationally driving the screw shaft 165b are provided on the base 161 side. Has been done.
The ball screw mechanism 165 constitutes a driving means for driving the movement of the spindle 110 in the Z-axis direction.
The driving means and the sliding guide means constitute an engaging means whose engaging position changes as the spindle 110 moves in the Z-axis direction.

The headstock 110A is mounted on the Z-axis direction feed table 163, the screw shaft 165b is rotated by driving the servomotor 165c, and the nut 165a is moved in the Z-axis direction along the screw shaft 165b by the rotation of the screw shaft 165b. As a result, the Z-axis direction feed table 163 is moved and driven in the Z-axis direction.
The movement of the Z-axis direction feed table 163 causes the headstock 110A to move in the Z-axis direction, and the spindle 110 is moved in the Z-axis direction.
A guide bush stand 168 is provided integrally with the base 161.
The guide bush base 168 is provided with a guide bush 140 that guides the material B sent from the main shaft 110 in the Z-axis direction.

A cutting tool 130 such as a cutting tool for turning material B is mounted on the tool post 130A.
The tool post 130A is attached to the guide bush base 168 by the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 and the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170 in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction and the Y orthogonal to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. It is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction.
The X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 and the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170 constitute a tool post moving mechanism that moves the tool post 130A in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the spindle 110.

The Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170 includes a guide bush base 168 that is a fixed side of the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170, and a Y-axis direction guide rail 172 that is provided on the guide bush base 168 and extends in the Y-axis direction.
The Y-axis direction feed table 173 is slidably supported in the Y-axis direction on the Y-axis direction guide rail 172 via the Y-axis direction guide block 174.

The X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 includes a Y-axis direction feed table 173 that is a fixed side of the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 and an X-axis direction guide rail 152 that is provided on the Y-axis direction feed table 173 and extends in the X-axis direction. I have.
The X-axis direction feed table 153 is slidably supported in the X-axis direction on the X-axis direction guide rail 152 via the X-axis direction guide block 154.

A nut 155a of the ball screw mechanism 155 is provided on the X-axis direction feed table 153 side, and a screw shaft 155b of the ball screw mechanism 155 and a servomotor 155c for rotationally driving the screw shaft 155b are provided on the Y-axis direction feed table 173 side. ing.
By driving the servomotor 155c, the X-axis direction feed table 153 is moved and driven in the X-axis direction.

The Y-axis direction feed table 173 is moved and driven in the Y-axis direction by a ball screw mechanism provided between the Y-axis direction feed table 173 side and the guide bush base 168 side.
The tool post 130A moves in the X-axis direction by the movement drive of the X-axis direction feed table 153, and moves in the Y-axis direction by the movement drive of the Y-axis direction feed table 173.

In FIG. 1, the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 is mounted on the guide bush base 168 via the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170, and the tool post 130A is mounted on the X-axis direction feed table 153. The axial feed mechanism 170 may be mounted on the guide bush base 168 side via the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150, and the tool post 130A may be mounted on the Y-axis direction feed mechanism side.

The tool post moving mechanism (X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 and Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170) and the spindle movement mechanism (Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160) cooperate with each other to form an X-axis direction feed mechanism 150 and Y-axis direction feed. It is mounted on the tool post 130A by the movement of the tool post 130A in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the mechanism 170 and the movement of the headstock 110A (head shaft 110) in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160. The cutting tool 130 is fed in an arbitrary machining feed direction relative to the material B.

The cutting tool 130 is attached to the material B by the feeding means including the spindle moving mechanism (Z-axis direction feeding mechanism 160) and the tool post moving mechanism (X-axis direction feeding mechanism 150 and Y-axis direction feeding mechanism 170). On the other hand, the material B is cut into the product W having an arbitrary shape by the cutting tool 130 by feeding the material B in a relatively arbitrary processing feed direction.
When cutting a product W having a predetermined shape, the headstock 110A moves in the Z-axis direction as the product W is machined.

In the present embodiment, the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150, the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170, and the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 are configured to be driven by the ball screw mechanisms 155 and 165, but are conventionally known. It can also be driven by a linear servo motor of.

In the present embodiment, the rotating means for relatively rotating the material B and the cutting tool 130 is configured by the spindle motor such as the built-in motor, and the relative rotation between the material B and the cutting tool 130 is the relative rotation of the spindle 110. It is driven by rotation.
In this embodiment, the material B is rotated with respect to the cutting tool 130, but the cutting tool 130 may be rotated with respect to the material B.
In this case, a rotary tool such as a drill can be considered as the cutting tool 130.
The rotation of the spindle 110, the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160, the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150, and the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170 are driven and controlled by the control unit 181 included in the control device 180.

FIG. 3 shows a cutting process start state of the first product W from the material B gripped by the spindle chuck 120.
From the position of the nut 165a with respect to the screw shaft 165b shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 181 rotates the spindle 110 and rotates the screw shaft 165b by the servomotor 165c so as to correspond to the machining movement, so that the spindle 110A Is advanced in the Z-axis direction, and the cutting process of the first product W is executed.
The advancing material B is cut as a product W by the cutting tool 130 while being guided by the guide bush 140 installed in front of the tool.
At this time, the Z-axis direction guide block 164 slides on the Z-axis direction guide rail 162, and the nut 165a advances in the Z-axis direction.
Although the guide bush 140 is installed in the vicinity of the tool, the configuration may be such that the guide bush 140 is not provided.

After cutting the product W, the control unit 181 stops the rotation of the screw shaft 165b at the position of the nut 165a shown in FIG. 4 to stop the movement of the headstock 110A in the Z-axis direction.
The parting tool 131 is selected as the cutting tool 130, the parting process is executed, the product W is cut off from the material B and separated, and the processing of the first product W is completed.

When continuously processing the second product W from the same material B, the control unit 181 opens the spindle chuck 120, releases the holding of the material B, rotates the screw shaft 165b, and rotates the spindle 110A. As an example in the Z-axis direction, the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b are moved to a holding position advanced by the length L1 in the Z-axis direction in the engagement range.
When the material B is supplied from a bar feeder (not shown) provided on the rear side of the spindle 110, the material B is pushed forward by the push rod of the bar feeder via the finger chuck, so that the cut-off bite is used. By bringing the 131 into contact with the tip of the material B, the parting bite 131 comes into contact with the tip of the material B as a stopper, and the material B is positioned in the Z-axis direction and does not move, and only the spindle 110 can be advanced. it can.

As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 181 selects a predetermined cutting tool 130, closes the spindle chuck 120 at a holding position advanced by a length L1 from the position of the nut 165a in FIG. 4, and closes the spindle 110. While holding the material B and rotating the screw shaft 165b to move the spindle 110A from the holding position in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the machining movement, the cutting of the second product W is executed. To do.
That is, in this embodiment, when a plurality of products are continuously processed as separate products W from one rod-shaped material B, the processing of the previous product is completed according to the processing movement of the spindle 110. The holding position of the spindle 110 is determined at a position advanced by a length L1 from the position of the spindle 110 at the time of the operation.
After cutting the product W, the control unit 181 stops the rotation of the screw shaft 165b at the position of the nut 165a shown in FIG. 6 to stop the movement of the headstock 110A in the Z-axis direction.
The parting tool 131 is selected as the cutting tool 130, the parting process of the product W is executed, and the process of the second product W is completed.

Further, when the product W is continuously machined from the same material B, the above-mentioned operation is repeated until the nut 165a moves to a position where the spindle 110 cannot perform the machining movement, and then the nut 165a is moved to the initial position shown in FIG. Move backward to, and repeat the above-mentioned operation again.
As a result, each time the product W is machined, the engagement points (engagement range) between the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b are dispersed within the movable range of the nut 165a on the screw shaft 165b so as not to overlap each other. , Uneven wear on the screw shaft 165b can be prevented.
Similarly, the Z-axis direction guide block 164 on the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 so that the sliding points of the Z-axis direction guide block 164 and the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 do not overlap each other each time the product W is machined. It is dispersed within the movable range and can prevent uneven wear and the like on the Z-axis direction guide rail 162.

For each machining of the product W, the forward distance that the spindle 110A advances in the Z-axis direction with the spindle chuck 120 open is set to Z when machining one product in the engagement range between the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b. Although the holding position is set as the axial length L1, the holding position can also be set by making the advancing distance longer or shorter than this length L1.
When the advancing distance is shorter than the length L1, the engagement points between the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b are dispersed within the movable range in a partially overlapping state each time the product is machined, and are dispersed on the screw shaft 165b. Uneven wear can be prevented.

It should be noted that the engagement points of the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b are not completely the same for each processing of the product W, and even if they partially overlap, they are engaged (screwed) in different engagement ranges of the screw shaft 165b. Then, the headstock 110A may be retracted toward the base end side of the material B to set the holding position.
On the other hand, when the advancing distance is longer than this length L1, the engagement points between the nut 165a and the screw shaft 165b are more reliably prevented from overlapping and dispersed within the movable range, and the screw. Significant uneven wear on the shaft 165b can be prevented.
That is, every time a predetermined product W is processed from the material B, the nut 165a moves within a range in which the screw shafts 165b are different from each other and do not overlap with each other, and the spindle 110 is placed at a position where a plurality of products are continuously processed. It suffices that the holding position is defined respectively.

Further, the holding position can be set as the forward distance as the length L2 in the Z-axis direction in the contact range between the Z-axis direction guide block 164 and the Z-axis direction guide rail 162.
The contact range between the Z-axis direction guide block 164 and the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 is completely the same each time the holding position is set by making the advance distance longer or shorter than the length L2, or each time the product W is machined. However, even if they partially overlap, if they are engaged (contacted) in different engagement ranges (contact ranges) of the Z-axis direction guide rail 162, the headstock 110A is retracted toward the base end side of the material B. It is also possible to set the holding position.
That is, every time a predetermined product W is processed from the material B, the Z-axis direction guide blocks 164 move within a range in which the Z-axis direction guide rails 162 are different from each other and do not overlap with each other, and a plurality of products are continuously processed. It suffices that the forward movement position of the spindle 110 is defined at each of the positions.

The control unit 181 is reciprocally vibrated along the corresponding movement directions by using the feed mechanisms of the X-axis direction feed mechanism 150, the Y-axis direction feed mechanism 170, and the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 as vibration means, and the headstock 110A Alternatively, the tool post 130A is moved in each direction to control vibration cutting in which the cutting tool 130 is fed in an arbitrary machining feed direction relative to the material B with vibration along the feed direction. It may be set in advance so that
In particular, when the headstock 110A is fed while vibrating with respect to the base 161 in the Z-axis direction, the execution of the feed accompanied by vibration is prevented only by a part of the screw shaft 165b and the Z-axis direction guide rail 162, and the nut 165a and the nut 165a are used. The engagement point with the screw shaft 165b and the sliding part between the Z-axis direction guide block 164 and the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 can be dispersed, and uneven wear on the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 and the screw shaft 165b can be caused. Effective for prevention.

Regarding vibration cutting, specifically, the locus of the cutting tool 130 at the time of recovery at the spindle n + 1 rotation of the work peripheral surface (n is an integer of 1 or more) is the cutting at the spindle n rotation of the work peripheral surface. The control unit 181 controls the vibrating means so as to reach or partially approach the locus of the tool 130.
As a result, the chips generated from the material B during the cutting process are sequentially divided, or the width of the chips is narrowed and the chips are easily divided so as to break.

As shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 181 is provided with a counting means 181a for processing the position data of the ball screw mechanism 165, and the control unit 181 has a plurality of engagement ranges LWn (the movable range of the nut 165a on the screw shaft 165b). (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Is virtually divided to control the holding position of the spindle 110, and a control signal for setting the holding position of the spindle 110 that processes the product W from the material B is sent to the servomotor. It can also be configured to transmit to 165c.
The engagement range LWn is a forward movement in which the nut 165a advances in the Z-axis direction by rotating the screw shaft 165b from the start state to the completion state of the cutting process when processing one product W from the material B. The range is the sum of the distance Lf and the length L1 in the Z-axis direction in which the nut 165a is engaged with the screw shaft 165b.

When the counting means 181a is installed in the control unit 181, as shown in FIG. 8, in STEP 101, the holding position of the spindle 110 is set so that the nut 165a is located at the base end position of the first engaging range LW1. Then, the nut 165a moves within the engagement range LW1 to process the product W from the material B, and the counting means 181a calculates the number of times the product W is processed using the engagement range LW1. Add and count as the number of times the engagement range LW1 is used, and proceed to STEP 102.

In STEP 102, it is determined whether or not the number of times counted by the counting means 181a has reached a predetermined number of times of use limit.
If it is determined that the usage limit has been reached (YES), the process proceeds to STEP 103, and if it is determined that the usage limit has not been reached (NO), the process proceeds to STEP 105.

In STEP 103, the engaging range LW1 is excluded from the engaging range LWn to be engaged according to the machining movement, and the process proceeds to STEP 104.
In STEP 104, it is determined whether or not all of the number of uses counted in each of the engagement ranges LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Has reached the limit of use.
If it is determined that all the engagement ranges LWn have reached the number of times of use limit (YES), the sequence is terminated, and if it is determined that all the engagement ranges LWn have not been reached (NO), the process proceeds to STEP106.

In STEP 105, in order to process the product W in the same engagement range LW1, the holding position of the spindle 110 is set so that the nut 165a is located at the base end position of the engagement range LW1, and the spindle 110 is moved from the machining start position. The engine is moved backward by the forward distance Lf in the Z-axis direction, and proceeds to STEP 101.
Then, STEP101, STEP102 and STEP105 are repeated until it is determined that the number of times of use has reached the number of times of use limit.

In STEP106, since the number of times of use of the engagement range LW1 has reached the predetermined number of times of use limit, the next processing is performed in the second engagement range LW2 where the number of times of use has not reached the number of times of use limit. The holding position of the spindle 110 is set so that the nut 165a is positioned by advancing the length L1 in the Z-axis direction from the machining completion position in the engagement range LW1 and moving the spindle 110 forward to perform STEP101. Proceed to.

By repeating the above, the nut 165a is engaged with the screw shaft 165b when the product W is machined from the state in which the nut 165a is engaged in the first engagement range LW1 to the state in which the nut 165a is sequentially performed in the nth engagement range LWn. To reach.

By installing the counting means 181a in the control unit 181 in this way, the number of times of use is used as a change index for determining the state change of the engagement range LWn, and the holding position is set to the engagement range LWn for each processing of the product W. The engagement range when processing the product W, which is set based on the state change, reaches the number of times of use limit after the number of times of use in the first engagement range LW1 reaches a predetermined number of times of use limit. It is changed to the second engaging range LW2 that has not been changed, and the changed first engaging range LW1 is excluded from the changed engaging range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...).
Therefore, it is possible to prevent local wear and damage of the engaging means and improve the durability of the engaging means.

The first engagement range LW1 can be any engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Virtually divided within the movable range.
Further, the second engagement range LW2 may be another engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) That is not adjacent to the first engagement range LW1.

The number of times of use limit can be set in the control program for the control unit 181 or by input by the user.
Further, when it is determined in STEP 102 that the number of times of use limit has not been reached (NO), instead of proceeding to STEP 105, the flow chart may proceed to STEP 106 and change the movable range at any time for each processing of the product W.

The ball screw mechanism 165 may be provided with a preload sensor for detecting the preload, and the control unit 181 may be provided with the preload detecting means 181b for receiving the preload data from the preload sensor.
When the preload detecting means 181b is provided, the change index for determining the state change of the engagement range LWn can be the change of the preload with respect to the nut 165a in each of the engagement range LWn.

FIG. 9 shows a flowchart when the preload detecting means 181b is installed in the control unit 181.
Since the flowchart shown in FIG. 9 is common to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 for many elements, detailed description of common matters will be omitted, and only the STEP210 series code having the same last digit will be added.

As shown in FIG. 9, in STEP211 the preload detecting means 181b measures the preload in the first engagement range LW1 and proceeds to STEP212.

In STEP212, it is determined whether or not the current preload in the first engagement range LW1 has reached a predetermined preload lower limit value.
If it is determined that the preload in the first engagement range LW1 has reached the predetermined preload lower limit value (YES), the process proceeds to STEP 213, and if it is determined that the preload has not reached the predetermined preload lower limit value (NO), the process proceeds to STEP 215.
Then, STEP211, STEP212, and STEP205 are repeated until it is determined that the preload has reached the preload lower limit value.
In STEP 216, since the preload has reached the lower limit of the preload, the next machining is performed in the second engagement range LW2 in which the preload has not reached the lower limit of the preload, so that the machining is completed in the engagement range LW1. The holding position of the spindle 110 is set so that the nut 165a is positioned by advancing by the length L1 in the Z-axis direction from the position, the spindle 110 is moved forward, and the process proceeds to STEP211.

By installing the preload detecting means 181b in the control unit 181 in this way, the preload is used as a change index for determining the state change of the engagement range LWn, and the holding position is the state of the engagement range LWn for each processing of the product W. The engagement range when processing the product W is set based on the change, and the product W is processed in the first engagement range LW1 until the preload in the first engagement range LW1 reaches a predetermined lower limit value of the preload. After repeating the above, the second engaging range LW2 which has not reached the lower limit of the preload is changed, and the changed first engaging range LW1 is changed to the changing destination engaging range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3). , ...) is excluded.
Then, by installing the preload detecting means 181b in the control unit 181, the determination condition in the flowchart of FIG. 8 is replaced with the change in the number of times of use in the engagement range LWn, and the preload lower limit value and the detected preload data are detected. It is possible to change the preload using the deviation width obtained by comparing with the value of, and by changing the movable range according to the actual wear in the engaging range LWn, the holding position of the spindle 110 can be changed. It can be controlled more accurately.

When the preload detecting means 181b is installed in the control unit 181, it can be operated according to the flowchart of FIG.
The flowchart shown in FIG. 10 is a modification of the output flow of STEP212 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, and many elements are common to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8, so detailed description of common matters is omitted. However, only the STEP300 series code, which has the same last two digits, is attached.

As shown in FIG. 10, STEP 312 determines whether or not the preload in the first engagement range LW1 has reached a predetermined preload lower limit value.
If it is determined that the preload lower limit value has been reached (YES), the process proceeds to STEP 313, and if it is determined that the preload lower limit value has not been reached (NO), the process proceeds to STEP 316.
In STEP 316, in order to perform the next machining in the second engagement range LW2 in which the preload has not reached the preload lower limit value, the holding position of the spindle 110 is moved forward by the length L1 in the Z-axis direction from the machining completion position. After that, proceed to STEP311.

By performing the control as shown in FIG. 10, the preload is used as a change index, the holding position is changed for each machining of the product W, and the preload in each engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) After repeating the change of the engagement range LWn until the predetermined preload lower limit value is reached, the change destination engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) is excluded.
However, the machining of the product W is performed with respect to the operation of repeatedly machining in the same first engaging range LW1 until the preload detected under the operating condition of the engaging range LWn in the flowchart of FIG. 9 reaches the preload lower limit value. Movable in the engaging means, which is a consumable item, by changing the engaging range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Different for each and sequentially excluding the engaging range LWn that has reached the lower limit of preload. The wear in the range can be made uniform.

Instead of setting a predetermined lower limit of preload, the preload change width for comparing the preload in the current engagement range LWn with the preload detected in the past may be used as a change index.
When the preload change width is used as a change index, the judgment condition for excluding the current engagement range LWn from the engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Is that the preload change width is a predetermined preload change width. It does not matter whether the preload reaches a predetermined lower limit of preload, which is set separately, or any of the determination conditions.

By installing both the counting means 181a and the preload detecting means 181b in the control unit 181, both the number of uses and the preload can be used as an index of change for determining the state change of the engagement range LWn. .. FIG. 11 shows a flowchart when both the counting means 181a and the preload detecting means 181b are installed.
The flowchart shown in FIG. 11 is a combination of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, and many elements are common to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 10. Therefore, detailed description of common matters is omitted. , Only the STEP400 series code, which has the same last two digits, is attached.

As shown in FIG. 11, in STEP 421, the counting means 181a sets the holding position of the spindle 110 so that the nut 165a is located at the base end position of the first engagement range LW1, and sets the range of the engagement range LW1. By moving the nut 165a, the product W is processed from the material B, the number of times the counting means 181a has processed the product W using the engagement range LW1 is added, and the engagement range LW1 is used. The preload detecting means 181b measures the preload of the first engagement range LW1 and proceeds to STEP412.
In STEP412, if it is determined that the preload data in the first engagement range LW1 has reached the preload lower limit value (YES), the process proceeds to STEP413, and if it is determined to be negative (NO), the process proceeds to STEP402.
In STEP 414, it is determined whether or not all of the preloads measured in each of the engagement ranges LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) Have reached the preload lower limit value, and when it is determined that the preload has been reached ( YES) ends the sequence, and if it is determined to be negative (NO), the process proceeds to STEP404.

In this way, by installing both the counting means 181a and the preload detecting means 181b in the control unit 181, the number of times of use and the preload are used as a change index for determining the state change of the engagement range LWn, and the holding position is set. It is set based on the state change of the engagement range LWn for each processing of the product W, and the engagement range when processing the product W is such that the number of times of use in the first engagement range LW1 becomes the number of times of the predetermined usage limit. After reaching or after repeating the change of the engagement range LWn until the preload reaches the predetermined preload lower limit value, the engagement range is changed to the second engagement range LW2 which has not reached the use limit number of times and the preload lower limit value. The changed engagement range LWn is excluded from the changed engagement range LWn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...).

Then, by preventing local wear / damage in the ball screw mechanism 165 and monitoring the change in preload in the movable range, the durability of the ball screw mechanism 165 can be improved and the wear in the movable range can be made uniform.
The control operation of the control unit 181 to disperse the engaging portions of the engaging means within the movable range has been described for the ball screw mechanism 165, which is a driving means forming a part of the engaging means. It may be applied to the Z-axis direction guide rail 162 and the Z-axis direction guide block 164 feed mechanism 160 of the Z-axis direction feed mechanism 160 which is a sliding guide means which constitutes a part.

100 ・ ・ ・ Machine tool 110 ・ ・ ・ Main shaft 110A ・ ・ ・ Spindle base 120 ・ ・ ・ Main shaft chuck 130 ・ ・ ・ Cutting tool 130A ・ ・ ・ Cutting tool base 131 ・ ・ ・ Cut-off bite 140 ・ ・ ・ Guide bush 150 ・ ・・ X-axis direction feed mechanism 152 ・ ・ ・ X-axis direction guide rail 153 ・ ・ ・ X-axis direction feed table 154 ・ ・ ・ X-axis direction guide block 155 ・ ・ ・ Ball screw mechanism 155a ・ ・ ・ Nut 155b ・ ・ ・ Screw Axis 155c ・ ・ ・ Servo motor 160 ・ ・ ・ Z-axis direction feed mechanism 161 ・ ・ ・ Base (bed)
162 ... Z-axis direction guide rail (rail, sliding guide means, engaging means)
163 ・ ・ ・ Z-axis direction feed table 164 ・ ・ ・ Z-axis direction guide block (sliding part, sliding guide means, engaging means)
165 ・ ・ ・ Ball screw mechanism (driving means, engaging means)
165a ・ ・ ・ Nut 165b ・ ・ ・ Screw shaft 165c ・ ・ ・ Servo motor 168 ・ ・ ・ Guide bush stand 170 ・ ・ ・ Y-axis direction feed mechanism 172 ・ ・ ・ Y-axis direction guide rail 173 ・ ・ ・ Y-axis direction feed Table 174 ・ ・ ・ Y-axis direction guide block 180 ・ ・ ・ Control device 181 ・ ・ ・ Control unit 181a ・ ・ Counting means 181b ・ ・ Preload detecting means B ・ ・ ・ Material (work)
W ・ ・ ・ Product

Claims (18)

Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a driving means for driving the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the main shaft, A machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work by holding the work at the holding position each time the product is processed and performing processing movement accompanying the processing of the product.
It said drive means comprises a ball screw mechanism and an I Flip shaft provided on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the spindle side,
The engagement range of the screw shaft that engages with the nut changes as the spindle moves.
As with the screw shaft and the nut is engaged with each different engagement range according to the working movement of the spindle, the machine tool the holding position is set for each processing of the product. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the holding position is defined as a position where the nut moves so as to continuously process a plurality of products within a range in which the screw shafts are different from each other and do not overlap each other. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the main shaft Is a machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work by holding the work at the holding position for each processing of the product and performing processing movement accompanying the processing of the product.
It said sliding guide means is constituted by a rail provided et the sliding portion on the bed side provided integrally with the spindle side,
The contact range of the rail that slides with the sliding portion changes with the movement of the spindle.
As with the rail and the sliding part in accordance with the processing movement of the spindle is in contact with each different contact area, a machine tool the holding position is set for each processing of the product. It said sliding portion slides on the rail main shaft and integrally,
The machine tool according to claim 3 , wherein the holding position is different from each other and the sliding portion moves within a range where the rails do not overlap each other, and a plurality of products are continuously processed. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spindle advances toward the tip end side of the work each time the product is machined to hold the work. Said spindle, while the moving in a state of releasing the holding of the workpiece, the tool for machining the workpiece, any one of claims 1 to 5 into contact with the tip of the work as a stopper Machine tools listed in. Wherein the spindle comprises a vibration means for vibrating in the axial direction headstock for supporting against the tool rest for holding a tool for machining the workpiece, and is configured to execute the processing of the workpiece while the vibration The machine tool according to any one of items 1 to 6. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a driving means for driving the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, said driving means , the spindle side a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft provided on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the engagement range of the nut engaging the screw shaft, move the main spindle The spindle holds the work at the holding position for each processing of the product, and the processing moves with the processing of the product to continuously process the product from the work. It is a control device for the machine tool to be executed.
A machine tool control device that sets the holding position for each machining of a product so that the nut and the screw shaft engage in different engagement ranges according to the machining movement of the spindle. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the sliding moving guide means is constituted by a rail provided on the sliding portion and the front bed side provided integrally with the spindle side, the contact area which slides with the sliding portion of the rail, wherein The spindle changes with the movement of the spindle, and the spindle holds the work at the holding position for each machining of the product, and the machining movement associated with the machining of the product is performed, so that the product is continuously processed from the work. It is a control device of a machine tool that executes the machining of
As with the rail and the sliding part in accordance with the processing movement of the spindle is in contact with each different contact range, the control device of the machine tool to set the holding position for each processing of the product. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a driving means for driving the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the main shaft, A machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work by holding the work at the holding position each time the product is processed and performing processing movement accompanying the processing of the product.
It said drive means comprises a ball screw mechanism and an I Flip shaft provided on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the spindle side,
The engagement range of the screw shaft that engages with the nut changes as the spindle moves.
As with the screw shaft and the nut is engaged with any engaging range according to the machining movement of the spindle, the holding position is set based on the state change of the engagement range for each processing of the product Machine tool. The machine tool according to claim 10, wherein the change of state of the engaging range is a change in the number of times the work is machined in each of the engaging ranges. The machine tool according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein the state change of the engaging range is a change of the preload in each of the engaging ranges. The invention according to any one of claims 10 to 12 , wherein the predetermined engagement range changed based on the state change of the engagement range is excluded from the engagement range to be engaged in response to the machining movement. Machine tools. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the main shaft Is a machine tool that continuously processes the product from the work by holding the work at the holding position for each processing of the product and performing processing movement accompanying the processing of the product.
It said sliding guide means is constituted by a rail provided et the sliding portion on the bed side provided integrally with the spindle side,
The contact range of the rail that slides with the sliding portion changes with the movement of the spindle.
As with the sliding portion in accordance with the processing movement of the spindle and the rail is in contact with any contact area, the holding position is set based on the state change of the sliding range for each processing of the product Machine Tools. The state change of the contact range, the machine tool according to claim 14 which is a variation of the machining pass of the workpiece in each of said contact area. Said predetermined contact area that is changed based on the state change in the contact range, machine tool according to claim 14 or claim 15 are excluded from the contact area that engages in response to the processing movement. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a driving means for driving the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, said driving means , the spindle side a ball screw mechanism having a screw shaft provided on the bed side with the nut provided integrally with the engagement range of the nut engaging the screw shaft, move the main spindle The spindle holds the work at the holding position for each processing of the product, and the processing moves with the processing of the product to continuously process the product from the work. It is a control device for the machine tool to be executed.
As with the screw shaft and the nut is engaged with any engaging range according to the machining movement of the main shaft, is set based on the holding position to the state change of the engagement range for each processing of the product Machine tool control device. Provided spindle for holding a workpiece to be freely opened and closed on the movably bed in the axial direction, moving the spindle, each for processing a given product from the workpiece, in the axial direction to release the holding of the workpiece and it is controlled so as to perform holding of the workpiece at a predetermined holding position, provided a sliding guide means for guiding the movement to the axial direction of the main shaft between the front Symbol spindle and the bed, the sliding moving guide means, the spindle side is constituted by a rail provided on the bed side with the sliding portion provided integrally with the sliding range of sliding with the sliding portion of the rail , change with moving of said spindle, said spindle holds the workpiece in the holding position for each processing of the product, by performing processing moves accompanying the processing of the products, continuously from said workpiece It is a control device for a machine tool that executes the processing of the product.
Depending on the machining movement of the main shaft such that said rail and said sliding part is in contact with any contact area, the machine tool to be set based on the holding position of the state change of the contact area for each processing of the product Control device.

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