JP6866028B2 - Decorative concrete block - Google Patents
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- JP6866028B2 JP6866028B2 JP2017054415A JP2017054415A JP6866028B2 JP 6866028 B2 JP6866028 B2 JP 6866028B2 JP 2017054415 A JP2017054415 A JP 2017054415A JP 2017054415 A JP2017054415 A JP 2017054415A JP 6866028 B2 JP6866028 B2 JP 6866028B2
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- furnace slag
- fine aggregate
- color
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、例えば塀の構築などに用いられる色つきの化粧用コンクリートブロックに関するものである。 The present invention relates to colored decorative concrete blocks used, for example, in the construction of fences.
化粧用のコンクリートブロックは、着色、表面の美観などの外観が重要な性能の指標となる。従来、色つきのカラーブロックについては、結合材として白色セメントを用い、着色剤として無機系顔料を用いたものなどがある。 For cosmetic concrete blocks, appearance such as coloring and surface aesthetics is an important performance index. Conventionally, as for colored color blocks, there are those using white cement as a binder and an inorganic pigment as a colorant.
特許文献1には、低コストで、色鮮やかかつ白華を抑制するコンクリートブロックの提供を目的とした発明であって、結合材と骨材とを含み、結合材が高炉スラグ微粉末および白色セメントを含有し、結合材における高炉スラグ微粉末の含有率が30重量%以上かつ白色セメントの含有率が70重量%以下、さらには結合材における高炉スラグ微粉末の含有率が90重量%以上、結合材がアルカリ金属水酸化物を含有するものが開示されている。 Patent Document 1 is an invention for providing a concrete block that is low-cost, brightly colored, and suppresses efflorescence, and contains a binder and an aggregate, and the binder is blast furnace slag fine powder and white cement. The content of blast furnace slag fine powder in the binder is 30% by weight or more and the content of white cement is 70% by weight or less, and the content of blast furnace slag fine powder in the binder is 90% by weight or more. Those in which the material contains alkali metal hydroxide are disclosed.
特許文献2には、速硬性、作業特性(高流動性、長可使時間)および硬化特性(高強度、高耐摩耗性、高平滑性)に優れているだけでなく着色性にも優れ、床下地の調整と着色色仕上げを同時に行なうことが可能な水硬性着色仕上材組成物として、アルミナセメント、石膏および高炉スラグよりなる水硬性成分、硫酸アルミニウム類およびリチウム塩よりなる凝結調整剤、高分子エマルジョン、減水剤、顔料、増粘剤、および、消泡剤より成る水硬性着色仕上材組成物が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 states that not only is it excellent in quick-hardening property, working characteristics (high fluidity, long pot life) and curing characteristics (high strength, high abrasion resistance, high smoothness), but also excellent coloring property. As a water-hard color finishing material composition capable of simultaneously adjusting the floor base and finishing the color, a water-hard component consisting of alumina cement, gypsum and blast furnace slag, a coagulation adjuster consisting of aluminum sulfate and lithium salt, and high A water-hardening color finish composition comprising a molecular emulsion, a water reducing agent, a pigment, a thickener, and a defoaming agent is disclosed.
特許文献3には、製鋼の際に排出されかつ未焼成状態のスラグの塊粒状物にバインダを加えて構成した着色が容易で任意の色に着色することができ、硬化物を道路敷設部材等として用いることができる透水性組成物が開示されている。 In Patent Document 3, it is easy to color the slag lumps that have been discharged during steelmaking and have not been fired by adding a binder, and the cured product can be colored into any color. A water permeable composition that can be used as is disclosed.
特許文献4には、風砕処理の施されてない製鋼スラグをコンクリートやモルタルのような水和硬化体に利用する技術として、未反応のCaOを含有する製鋼スラグを含有する骨材と、潜在水硬性を有するシリカ含有物質を50重量%以上含有する結合材を利用した水和硬化体が開示されている。 Patent Document 4 describes an aggregate containing steelmaking slag containing unreacted CaO and a latent material as a technique for utilizing steelmaking slag that has not been subjected to windfracting treatment to a hydraulically hardened material such as concrete or mortar. A hydrated cured product using a binder containing 50% by weight or more of a hydraulic silica-containing substance is disclosed.
特許文献5には、従来のJIS規格の保水性ブロックよりも保水量の大きい高保水性ブロックとして、水とセメント及び軟質高炉スラグ細骨材とを含み、水セメント比が15〜35%、単位骨材容積が600〜900L/m3、かつ充填率が60〜76%であり、軟質高炉スラグ細骨材の吸水率が0.8〜5%、粗粒率が2.7〜3.9である高炉スラグ細骨材を用いた高保水性ブロックが開示されている。 Patent Document 5 includes water, cement, and soft blast furnace slag fine aggregate as a highly water-retaining block having a larger water-retaining amount than the conventional JIS standard water-retaining block, and has a water-cement ratio of 15 to 35% and a unit bone. The material volume is 600 to 900 L / m 3 , the filling rate is 60 to 76%, the water absorption rate of the soft blast furnace slag fine aggregate is 0.8 to 5%, and the coarse grain rate is 2.7 to 3.9. A highly water-retaining block using a certain blast furnace slag fine aggregate is disclosed.
前述のように色鮮やかなコンクリートブロックについては、結合材として白色セメントが用いられているとともに、着色剤として無機系顔料が用いられたものがあるが、白色セメントおよびアルミナセメントの価格は、普通ポルトランドセメントに比べかなり高価であり、大量生産される普及品用には適さない。 As mentioned above, some colorful concrete blocks use white cement as a binder and inorganic pigments as a colorant, but the prices of white cement and alumina cement are usually Portland cement. It is considerably more expensive than cement and is not suitable for mass-produced popular products.
一方、結合材として普通ポルトランドセメントを使用した場合は発色がよくないので無機系顔料の添加割合が多くなる。 On the other hand, when ordinary Portland cement is used as the binder, the color development is not good, so the addition ratio of the inorganic pigment is large.
また、コンクリートブロックの外観がよくない理由の一つにブロック表面が粗いことが挙げられる。従来、透水性または保水性を目的としたコンクリートブロックでは表面が粗いことが多い。表面の起伏をなくすためにペースト割合を増加させると混練物が流動しやすくなり即脱ができないといった問題がある。 In addition, one of the reasons why the appearance of the concrete block is not good is that the surface of the block is rough. Conventionally, concrete blocks for the purpose of water permeability or water retention often have a rough surface. If the paste ratio is increased in order to eliminate the undulations on the surface, the kneaded product tends to flow and cannot be removed immediately.
また、ペースト割合を増加させると硬化体の消石灰が多くなり、エフロレッセンス(白華現象)の原因となる。製鋼スラグを含有する骨材に使用した場合は、未反応のCaOが水和反応してCa(OH)2が生成することによりエフロレッセンスが生じて外観がよくない場合がある。 In addition, increasing the paste ratio increases the amount of slaked lime in the cured product, which causes efflorescence (efflorescence). When used for aggregates containing steelmaking slag, unreacted CaO may undergo a hydration reaction to generate Ca (OH) 2, which may cause efflorescence and give an unfavorable appearance.
本発明は、従来技術における上述のような課題の解決を図ったものであり、顔料を用いたカラーコンクリートブロックにおける発色性の改善および表面のきめ細かさといった美観の改善を目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to improve the color development property of a colored concrete block using a pigment and to improve the aesthetic appearance such as the fineness of the surface.
本発明の化粧用コンクリートブロックは、セメントと細骨材と着色用の顔料が配合された化粧用コンクリートブロックにおいて、全骨材量に対して高炉スラグ細骨材が70重量%以上配合されていることを特徴とするものである。 The cosmetic concrete block of the present invention is a cosmetic concrete block containing cement, fine aggregate, and a pigment for coloring, and contains 70% by weight or more of blast furnace slag fine aggregate with respect to the total amount of aggregate. It is characterized by that.
コンクリート用の高炉スラグ細骨材については、例えばJIS A 5011-1の規格があり、この規格に準じた高炉スラグ細骨材を用いることができる。また、高炉スラグ細骨材についてはグリーン購入法の特定調達品目に挙げられている。 Regarding the blast furnace slag fine aggregate for concrete, for example, there is a standard of JIS A 5011-1, and a blast furnace slag fine aggregate conforming to this standard can be used. In addition, blast furnace slag fine aggregate is listed as a specific procurement item under the Law on Promoting Green Purchasing.
高炉スラグ細骨材を配合した場合、従来の砕石、砂利など、通常の細骨材を用いた場合に比べ、同一の顔料添加量において発色性が改善される。すなわち、顔料の添加量が同じ場合はより鮮やかな色になり、同程度の発色でよい場合はより顔料の添加量を削減することができる。また、無機系顔料では発色が困難であったパステル色調の色合いの発色が可能となる。 When the blast furnace slag fine aggregate is blended, the color development property is improved with the same amount of pigment added as compared with the case where a normal fine aggregate such as conventional crushed stone and gravel is used. That is, when the amount of the pigment added is the same, the color becomes more vivid, and when the same amount of color development is sufficient, the amount of the pigment added can be further reduced. In addition, it becomes possible to develop a pastel color tone, which was difficult to develop with an inorganic pigment.
色彩以外の効果としては、高炉スラグ細骨材を配合した場合、従来の砕石、砂利など、通常の細骨材を用いた場合に比べ、ブロックの表面がきめ細かくなり、化粧用コンクリートブロックとしての美観(地肌のきめ細かさ)の改善効果が得られる。また、コンクリートブロックの耐久性の向上、白華現象の抑制などの効果が得られる。 As an effect other than color, when blast furnace slag fine aggregate is blended, the surface of the block becomes finer than when ordinary fine aggregate such as crushed stone and gravel is used, and it looks as a cosmetic concrete block. The effect of improving (fineness of the skin) can be obtained. In addition, effects such as improving the durability of the concrete block and suppressing the efflorescence phenomenon can be obtained.
全骨材量に対して高炉スラグ細骨材が70重量%以上配合することとしたのは、上述の発色性の改善効果と表面のきめ細かさの向上効果が高まることに加え、副産物の有効利用といった面やグリーン購入法の特定調達品目であるといった面でのメリットも大きくなる。 The reason why the blast furnace slag fine aggregate is blended in an amount of 70% by weight or more based on the total amount of aggregate is that the above-mentioned effect of improving color development and the effect of improving surface fineness are enhanced, and effective use of by-products is achieved. There are also great merits in terms of such things as being a specific procurement item under the Green Purchasing Law.
また、高炉スラグ細骨材が70重量%未満とすると、要求性能などとの関係で細骨材の配合において他の細骨材との調整が必要となるなどのデメリットが考えられるため、本発明では高炉スラグ細骨材を全骨材量に対して高炉スラグ細骨材が70重量%以上配合することとした。 Further, if the blast furnace slag fine aggregate is less than 70% by weight, there may be a demerit that it is necessary to adjust the fine aggregate in the formulation with other fine aggregates in relation to the required performance and the like. Then, it was decided to mix 70% by weight or more of the blast furnace slag fine aggregate with respect to the total amount of aggregate.
本発明の化粧用コンクリートブロックのより好ましい形態としては、全骨材量に対して高炉スラグ細骨材が80〜90重量%、軽石が10〜20重量%配合されるようにするとよい。 As a more preferable form of the decorative concrete block of the present invention, 80 to 90% by weight of blast furnace slag fine aggregate and 10 to 20% by weight of pumice stone may be blended with respect to the total amount of aggregate.
軽石は従来から化粧コンクリートブロックに用いられている天然軽石を用いることができ、コンクリートブロックの重量(比重)の軽減およびをコストの低減を図ることができ、上記の配合とすることで、塀用のコンクリートブロックとして、適度な強度と重量(比重)のコンクリートブロックを製造することができる。 As the pumice stone, natural pumice stone, which has been conventionally used for decorative concrete blocks, can be used, and the weight (specific gravity) of the concrete block can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. As a concrete block, a concrete block having an appropriate strength and weight (specific gravity) can be manufactured.
細骨材として高炉スラグ細骨材に加え、さらに高炉スラグ微粉末を配合してもよい。細骨材の微粒分の補正として機能するため、流動性の確保、コンクリート地肌のきめ細かさの改善などの効果が得られる。高炉スラグ微粉末は細骨材の一部としても機能するが、潜在水硬性を有するため、蒸気養生における初期脱型時強度の確保、長期材齢の強度の確保などの効果が得られる。また、高炉スラグ細骨材と同様、副産物の有効利用という面での利点もある。 In addition to the blast furnace slag fine aggregate as the fine aggregate, blast furnace slag fine powder may be further blended. Since it functions as a correction for fine particles of fine aggregate, it is possible to obtain effects such as ensuring fluidity and improving the fineness of the concrete surface. The blast furnace slag fine powder also functions as a part of the fine aggregate, but since it has latent hydraulic hardness, it has the effects of ensuring the strength at the time of initial demolding in steam curing and ensuring the strength of long-term material age. In addition, as with the blast furnace slag fine aggregate, there is also an advantage in terms of effective utilization of by-products.
本発明に係る高炉スラグ細骨材を用いた化粧用コンクリートブロックは、ポルトランドセメントなどの一般的なセメントに顔料を加えた場合においても発色性の改善がみられ、比較的安価なカラーコンクリートブロックとして製造することができる。 The decorative concrete block using the blast furnace slag fine aggregate according to the present invention shows improvement in color development even when a pigment is added to general cement such as Portland cement, and is a relatively inexpensive color concrete block. Can be manufactured.
色彩面での効果に加え、コンクリート表面のきめ細かさについての改善効果がみられ、美観の優れた化粧用コンクリートブロックが得られる。 In addition to the effect on the color surface, the effect of improving the fineness of the concrete surface can be seen, and a cosmetic concrete block with an excellent aesthetic appearance can be obtained.
本発明の効果を確認するため、以下の試験を行った。
〔コンクリートブロックの配合(kg/m3)〕
試験に用いたコンクリートの配合を表1に示す。
The following tests were conducted to confirm the effect of the present invention.
[Concrete block composition (kg / m 3 )]
Table 1 shows the composition of the concrete used in the test.
いずれも混和剤(株式会社富士ファインケミカル製プロテクトCS550)は、セメント量C×2.7%、着色後のコンクリートブロックの色はブラウンで顔料(酸化鉄系;市販品)はC×1.8%添加した。 In both cases, the admixture (Protect CS550 manufactured by Fuji Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) has a cement amount of C x 2.7%, the color of the concrete block after coloring is brown, and the pigment (iron oxide-based; commercially available product) is C x 1.8%. Added.
混和剤として配合した「プロテクトCS550」は、0スランプ製品用に開発された低価格型白華防止剤であり、白華防止効果に加え、AE効果によって分散力、増強力、可塑性に富んだブロックを製造することが可能とされている。 "Protect CS550" blended as an admixture is a low-priced efflorescence preventive agent developed for 0 slump products. In addition to the efflorescence prevention effect, it is a block rich in dispersive power, enhancing power, and plasticity due to the AE effect. It is possible to manufacture.
〔測定項目〕
(1) 圧縮強度の測定は、JIS A 5406「建築用コンクリートブロック」に準拠して行った。材齢7日、圧縮断面寸法幅120mm×長さ398mmで測定した。
〔Measurement item〕
(1) The compressive strength was measured in accordance with JIS A 5406 "Concrete block for construction". The material was measured at 7 days of age with a compressed cross-sectional dimension of 120 mm in width × 398 mm in length.
(2) コンクリートブロックの表面色調に関しては、画像解析による色調の測定を行った。キーエンス社製デジタルマイクロスコープVHXにより、ブロックの表面5mm×5mmについて180ヶ所のRGBを測定して平均値を算出した。 (2) Regarding the surface color tone of the concrete block, the color tone was measured by image analysis. An average value was calculated by measuring RGB at 180 locations on a block surface of 5 mm × 5 mm with a digital microscope VHX manufactured by KEYENCE.
(3) コンクリートブロックの表面の粗さに関しては、画像解析による表面粗さの測定を行った。JIS B 0601「製品の幾何学特性仕様(GPS)−表面性状:輪郭曲線方式−用語、定義及び表面性状パラメータ」における表面性状パラメータである算術平均高さRaを画像解析ブロックの表面140mmの長さ方向3か所測定して平均値を求めた。 (3) Regarding the surface roughness of the concrete block, the surface roughness was measured by image analysis. Arithmetic mean height Ra, which is a surface texture parameter in JIS B 0601 "Geometric characteristic specifications of products (GPS) -Surface texture: Contour curve method-Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters", is the length of 140 mm on the surface of the image analysis block. The average value was calculated by measuring in three directions.
〔測定結果〕
(1) 圧縮強度
重量および圧縮強度の測定結果を表2に示す。
〔Measurement result〕
(1) Compressive strength Table 2 shows the measurement results of weight and compressive strength.
実施例と比較例の強度は同等であるが、実施例の方が比較例より1kg程度軽量となった。 The strengths of the examples and the comparative examples were the same, but the examples were about 1 kg lighter than the comparative examples.
(2) コンクリートブロックの表面色調
コンクリートブロックの表面色調に関する測定結果を表3に示す。
(2) Surface color tone of concrete block Table 3 shows the measurement results regarding the surface color tone of concrete block.
比較例の方が実施例よりRGBの値が高いため、白色が強い傾向となる。したがって、同一の顔料添加量では白色が強く発色がしづらい。すなわち、本発明の実施例の方が発色しやすいという結果が得られた。 Since the RGB value of the comparative example is higher than that of the embodiment, the white color tends to be stronger. Therefore, with the same amount of pigment added, the white color is strong and it is difficult to develop a color. That is, the result was obtained that the examples of the present invention were easier to develop color.
(3) コンクリートブロックの表面の面粗さ
コンクリートブロックの表面の面粗さ(μm)に関する測定結果を表4に示す。
(3) Surface roughness of the surface of the concrete block Table 4 shows the measurement results regarding the surface roughness (μm) of the surface of the concrete block.
表4より本発明の実施例の方がコンクリートブロックの表面の面粗さがかなり小さいことが分かる。 From Table 4, it can be seen that the surface roughness of the surface of the concrete block is considerably smaller in the examples of the present invention.
図1は、(a)本発明による化粧用コンクリートブロックと(b)従来の化粧コンクリートブロックの表面の写真であり、(a)の本発明による化粧用コンクリートブロックの表面がきめ細かいことが見てとれる。 FIG. 1 is a photograph of the surfaces of (a) the decorative concrete block according to the present invention and (b) the conventional decorative concrete block, and it can be seen that the surface of the cosmetic concrete block according to the present invention (a) is fine. ..
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