JP6861938B1

JP6861938B1 - Surveying target device

Info

Publication number: JP6861938B1
Application number: JP2019231332A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 慶祐吉田; 裕次松本
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｊｆｄエンジニアリング
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2019-12-23
Publication date: 2021-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-23
Also published as: JP2021099268A

Abstract

【課題】位置決めを容易かつ確実にして、風の影響で吹き飛ばされにくい測量用ターゲット装置を提供することを目的とする。【解決手段】測量用ターゲット装置１は、半球状のターゲット球本体１１と磁石２１と測量ピン３１とから構成される。ターゲット球本体１１には凹部１１ａが形成され、凹部１１ａの内底面には磁石２１が取り付けられる。測量ピン３１は、磁石２１に吸着可能な磁性材料からなり、頭部が前記凹部内に挿入されると磁石２１と磁着する。【選択図】図１PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surveying target device which can be easily and surely positioned and is not easily blown off by the influence of wind. A surveying target device 1 is composed of a hemispherical target sphere main body 11, a magnet 21, and a surveying pin 31. A recess 11a is formed in the target sphere main body 11, and a magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a. The survey pin 31 is made of a magnetic material that can be attracted to the magnet 21, and when the head is inserted into the recess, it magnetically adheres to the magnet 21. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

本発明は、レーザスキャナによる測量で用いられるターゲット装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a target device used in surveying with a laser scanner.

近年、構造物の建築前に、３次元レーザスキャナを用いて、その敷地内外の地形や周辺の建物などの現況を把握するための３次元測量が行われている。この３次元測量は、予め定められた地点に、球状や板状のターゲットを設置して行われる。ターゲットは、地盤面に直接置かれるか、又は、設置台を介して設置される。しかし、ターゲットを予め定められた地点の真上に位置するように設置するのは困難を伴うことが多かった。また、測量は主に屋外で行うため、風などの影響で、ターゲット装置が揺れたり、移動したりして、正確に測量できない問題もあった。 In recent years, before the construction of a structure, a three-dimensional laser scanner has been used to perform a three-dimensional survey for grasping the current state of the topography inside and outside the site and surrounding buildings. This three-dimensional survey is performed by installing a spherical or plate-shaped target at a predetermined point. The target is placed directly on the ground surface or via a stand. However, it was often difficult to place the target directly above a predetermined point. In addition, since the survey is mainly performed outdoors, there is a problem that the target device may shake or move due to the influence of wind or the like, and the survey cannot be performed accurately.

特開昭５８−１４８９０９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-148909 特開平１１−１２５５１３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-125513

このような問題を解決するために、特許文献１では、ターゲット本体にピンなどの突起物を一体的に設けた技術が提案されている。しかし、これではアスファルト等ではピンを地盤内に打ち込むことができない問題があった。 In order to solve such a problem, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique in which a protrusion such as a pin is integrally provided on the target body. However, this has a problem that the pin cannot be driven into the ground with asphalt or the like.

また、特許文献２では、ターゲット４を支持するターゲット支持具２と支持体３とを備えたミニ三脚１を用いて、測量杭５Ａ上に設けた測量釘５１を上方から視認できる円形の貫通穴（視認穴）２２が設けられた技術が提案されている。しかし、目視による確認では、測量に時間がかかる問題があり、また、目視する者によってズレが生ずる可能性があるばかりか、風により、ターゲットが吹き飛ぶおそれもあった。特に、傾斜した地盤に、三脚等を介してターゲット球を設置すると、ターゲット球本体は、基準となる地盤面（例えば、測量鋲）の真上にターゲット球本体が位置しないため、水平方向のズレを計算した上で、ターゲット球本体の位置を特定しなければならない問題があった。 Further, in Patent Document 2, a circular through hole in which the surveying nail 51 provided on the surveying stake 5A can be visually recognized from above by using the mini tripod 1 provided with the target support 2 and the support 3 for supporting the target 4. A technique in which the (visual hole) 22 is provided has been proposed. However, in the visual confirmation, there is a problem that the survey takes a long time, and there is a possibility that the target may be displaced by the visual operator, and the target may be blown off by the wind. In particular, when the target sphere is installed on a sloping ground via a tripod or the like, the target sphere body is displaced in the horizontal direction because the target sphere body is not located directly above the reference ground surface (for example, a surveying stud). There was a problem that the position of the target sphere body had to be specified after calculating.

そこで、本発明は、位置決めを容易かつ確実にして、傾斜地であっても正確な位置が特定でき、かつ、風の影響でも揺れにくく、吹き飛ばされにくい測量用ターゲット装置を提供することである。 Therefore, the present invention provides a surveying target device that facilitates and ensures positioning, can specify an accurate position even on a slope, is less likely to shake even under the influence of wind, and is less likely to be blown away.

請求項１に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、半球を構成する平面の中央部から、半球を構成する曲面の頂部に向かって、半球の一部をくり抜くようにして、凹部が形成された半球状のターゲット球本体と、前記凹部の内底面に取り付けられた磁石と、前記磁石に吸着可能な磁性材料からなり、頭部が前記凹部内に挿入可能な測量ピンと、を備えたことを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 1 is a hemispherical shape in which a recess is formed by hollowing out a part of the hemisphere from the central portion of the plane forming the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface forming the hemisphere. It is characterized by including a target sphere body, a magnet attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess, and a surveying pin made of a magnetic material that can be attracted to the magnet and having a head that can be inserted into the recess.

請求項２に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、請求項１に記載の測量用ターゲット装置であって、前記ターゲット球本体は、球の中心を通らない平面で切断された球の半分よりも大きな半球状であり、前記測量ピンの前記頭部の高さが、前記球の中心を通らない平面の中央から球の中心までの距離とほぼ同じであり、前記頭部が前記凹部内に挿入された時に、前記頭部と前記磁石とが球の中心で接するように構成されたことを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 2 is the surveying target device according to claim 1, wherein the target sphere body is a hemisphere larger than half of a sphere cut by a plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere. When the height of the head of the surveying pin is substantially the same as the distance from the center of the plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere to the center of the sphere, and the head is inserted into the recess. , The head and the magnet are configured to be in contact with each other at the center of the sphere.

請求項３に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、請求項１又は２のいずれか一項に記載の測量用ターゲット装置であって、前記測量ピンは、前記頭部が地盤面から突出した状態にして地盤に打ち込まれ、前記ターゲット球本体が、前記凹部内に前記測量ピンの前記頭部を挿入させ、前記ターゲット球本体の平面が地盤面に接した状態にして設置されることを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 3 is the surveying target device according to any one of claims 1 or 2 , wherein the survey pin has its head protruding from the ground surface. The target sphere body is installed in a state where the head of the survey pin is inserted into the recess and the plane of the target sphere body is in contact with the ground surface.

請求項４に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、半球を構成する平面の中央部から、半球を構成する曲面の頂部に向かって、半球の一部をくり抜くようにして、凹部が形成された半球状のターゲット球本体と、前記凹部と着脱自在に設けられ、前記凹部と開口方向を同じくした開口部を有するアダプタと、前記アダプタの内底面に取り付けられた磁石と、前記磁石に吸着可能な磁性材料からなる測量ピンと、を備え、前記アダプタの前記開口部は、前記測量ピンの頭部の形状に対応した形状を有し、前記ターゲット球本体は、球の中心を通らない平面で切断された球の半分よりも大きな半球状であり、前記測量ピンの前記頭部の高さが、前記球の中心を通らない平面の中央から球の中心までの距離とほぼ同じであり、前記頭部が前記開口部内に挿入された時に、前記頭部と前記磁石とが球の中心で接するように構成されたことを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 4 is a hemispherical shape in which a recess is formed by hollowing out a part of the hemisphere from the central portion of the plane forming the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface forming the hemisphere. From a target sphere body, an adapter that is detachably provided from the recess and has an opening that has the same opening direction as the recess, a magnet attached to the inner bottom surface of the adapter, and a magnetic material that can be attracted to the magnet. comprising a comprising surveying pin, wherein the opening of the adapter, have a shape corresponding to the shape of the head of the surveying pin, said target ball body, the cut sphere in a plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere It is a hemisphere larger than half, the height of the head of the surveying pin is approximately the same as the distance from the center of the plane not passing through the center of the sphere to the center of the sphere, and the head is the opening. It is characterized in that the head and the magnet are configured to be in contact with each other at the center of the sphere when the magnet is inserted into the portion.

請求項５に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、請求項４に記載の測量用ターゲット装置であって、前記測量ピンの前記頭部には、軸周りの外周面から外方へ向けた突起部が形成され、前記アダプタには、前記突起部を案内して係合する案内係合部が形成されていることを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 5 is the surveying target device according to claim 4 , wherein a protrusion extending outward from the outer peripheral surface around the axis is formed on the head of the survey pin. The adapter is characterized in that a guide engaging portion is formed to guide and engage the protrusion.

請求項６に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、請求項４又は５のいずれか一項に記載の測量用ターゲット装置であって、前記測量ピンは、前記頭部が地盤面から突出した状態にして地盤に打ち込まれ、前記ターゲット球本体が、前記開口部内に前記測量ピンの前記頭部を挿入させ、前記ターゲット球本体の平面が地盤面に接した状態にして設置されることを特徴とする。 The surveying target device according to claim 6 is the surveying target device according to any one of claims 4 or 5 , wherein the surveying pin has its head protruding from the ground surface. implanted into the target ball body, is inserted the head of the surveying pin before Symbol in the opening, the plane of the target sphere body, characterized in that it is placed in a state in contact with the ground surface.

本発明に係る測量用ターゲット装置は、位置決めが容易かつ確実となり、多少の風の影響があってもターゲット球本体が揺れにくく、また、吹き飛ばされにくくなることができる。 The surveying target device according to the present invention can be easily and reliably positioned, and the target sphere body can be less likely to shake and be blown away even if it is affected by some wind.

また、測量ピンの先端部である頭部が地盤面から地上に突出した状態で地盤に固定することによって、測量ピンが倒れるおそれがなくなり、また、ターゲット球本体を測量ピンに被せる際に、磁着の反応によって、挿入できたか否かを確認することができるので、確実に位置決めを行うことが可能となる。 In addition, by fixing the surveying pin to the ground with the head, which is the tip of the surveying pin, protruding from the ground surface to the ground, there is no risk of the surveying pin falling over, and when the target ball body is placed on the surveying pin, magnetism is eliminated. It is possible to confirm whether or not the insertion was possible by the reaction of the arrival, so that the positioning can be performed reliably.

また、ターゲット球本体に直接磁石が取り付けられるのではなく、アダプタを介して、着脱自在な構成にし、しかも、アダプタを測量ピンの頭部の形状に対応した形状にすることによって、測量ピンの頭部の形状に応じたアダプタを選択することができる。これにより、ターゲット球本体の共通利用が可能となり、製造コストを低減することができ、また、測量時に持参するターゲット球本体の数を減らすことが可能となる。 In addition, the magnet is not directly attached to the target sphere body, but is detachable via an adapter, and the adapter is shaped to correspond to the shape of the head of the survey pin so that the head of the survey pin can be attached. The adapter can be selected according to the shape of the part. As a result, the target sphere main body can be commonly used, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the number of target sphere main bodies to be brought at the time of surveying can be reduced.

さらに、アダプタに突起部を案内して係合する案内係合部が形成されることにより、より確実に位置決めを行うことができ、また、強風などの影響によるターゲット球本体の回転や揺れを規制することができる。 Furthermore, by forming a guide engaging portion that guides and engages the protrusion on the adapter, positioning can be performed more reliably, and rotation and shaking of the target sphere body due to the influence of strong winds are regulated. can do.

本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置を分解して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows by disassembling the surveying target apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置を分解して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows by disassembling the surveying target apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置を分解して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows by disassembling the surveying target apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置を分解して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows by disassembling the surveying target apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the surveying target device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the surveying target device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る測量用ターゲット装置の使用状態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the use state of the surveying target apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明に係る測量用ターゲット装置１は、主に、３次元レーザスキャナによる３次元測量で用いられるものである。図１に示すように、測量用ターゲット装置１は、ターゲット球本体１１と磁石２１と測量ピン３１とから構成される。ターゲット球本体１１は、曲面と平面とから構成された半球状であって、球の中心を通る平面で切断された球の半分の形状以外に、球の中心を通らない平面で切断され、球の半分よりも大きい形状や、球の半分よりも小さい形状も含まれる。また、半球の曲面の曲率は、真球の曲率でなくてもよい。 The surveying target device 1 according to the present invention is mainly used for three-dimensional surveying by a three-dimensional laser scanner. As shown in FIG. 1, the surveying target device 1 includes a target sphere main body 11, a magnet 21, and a surveying pin 31. The target sphere body 11 is a hemisphere composed of a curved surface and a plane, and is cut in a plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere, in addition to the half shape of the sphere cut in the plane that passes through the center of the sphere. Shapes larger than half of the sphere and shapes smaller than half of the sphere are also included. Further, the curvature of the curved surface of the hemisphere does not have to be the curvature of the true sphere.

ターゲット球本体１１には、半球を構成する平面の中央部から、半球を構成する曲面の頂部に向かって、半球の一部をくり抜くようにして、凹部１１ａが設けられている。凹部１１ａの内周面には、受けリング等が設けられていても構わない。 The target sphere main body 11 is provided with a recess 11a so as to hollow out a part of the hemisphere from the central portion of the plane forming the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface forming the hemisphere. A receiving ring or the like may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the recess 11a.

磁石２１は、ターゲット球本体１１から外側に飛び出すことなく、凹部１１ａ内に空間を残すようにして、凹部１１ａの内底面に取り付けられる。これにより、ターゲット球本体１１の内部に磁石２１が存在するため、ターゲット球本体１１の平面を地盤面と接した状態で、安定して載置することができるようになっている。 The magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a so as to leave a space in the recess 11a without protruding outward from the target sphere main body 11. As a result, since the magnet 21 exists inside the target sphere main body 11, it can be stably placed in a state where the plane of the target sphere main body 11 is in contact with the ground surface.

測量ピン３１は、頭部３１１とその下方に延伸した軸部３１２とからなる金属製の棒状体であって、少なくとも頭部３１１が磁石２１に吸着可能な磁性材料からなる。測量ピン３１は、地盤内に打ち込まれ、測量の際に目印となるものであり、測量鋲や測量釘、測量杭等が含まれる。多くの測量ピンは金属製であるため、既製品をそのまま利用することができる。測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の形状は、軸方向に上から見て、図１に示すように円形状のもの、図２に示すように六角形状のもの、図３に示すように矩形状のもの（一般的な測量杭が該当）等であっても構わない。測量ピン３１の頭部３１１は、凹部１１ａの窪み内に挿入可能な形状を有し、挿入時に、引き寄せ合う力が生じて、頭部３１１と磁石２１とが磁着して固定される。 The surveying pin 31 is a metal rod-shaped body composed of a head portion 311 and a shaft portion 312 extending downward thereof, and is made of a magnetic material in which at least the head portion 311 can be attracted to the magnet 21. The surveying pin 31 is driven into the ground and serves as a mark at the time of surveying, and includes a surveying stud, a surveying nail, a surveying stake, and the like. Since many survey pins are made of metal, ready-made products can be used as they are. The shape of the head 311 of the survey pin 31 is circular as shown in FIG. 1, hexagonal as shown in FIG. 2, and rectangular as shown in FIG. 3 when viewed from above in the axial direction. It may be a thing (corresponding to a general surveying pile). The head 311 of the survey pin 31 has a shape that can be inserted into the recess of the recess 11a, and at the time of insertion, an attractive force is generated, and the head 311 and the magnet 21 are magnetically fixed.

また、測量用ターゲット装置１は、図２及び図３に示すように、アダプタ４１を介して構成されていてもよい。アダプタ４１は、凹部１１ａの開口方向と同一方向に開口する開口部４１ａを有する凹状体であって、開口部４１ａの開口方向を凹部１１ａの開口方向と同じ向きにして、ターゲット球本体１１の凹部１１ａに着脱自在に取り付けられる。なお、アダプタ４１に使用者の指やピン等を挿入可能とする隙間を複数箇所に設けると、アダプタ４１を把持又は回転等して着脱することができ、より便利になる。 Further, the surveying target device 1 may be configured via an adapter 41 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The adapter 41 is a concave body having an opening 41a that opens in the same direction as the opening direction of the recess 11a, and the opening direction of the opening 41a is the same as the opening direction of the recess 11a, and the recess of the target sphere main body 11 It is detachably attached to 11a. If the adapter 41 is provided with gaps at a plurality of locations so that the user's fingers, pins, etc. can be inserted, the adapter 41 can be attached / detached by gripping or rotating, which is more convenient.

凹状に形成されたアダプタ４１の内底面には、凹部１１ａ内に測量ピン３１の頭部３１１を挿入可能な空間を残すようにして、磁石２１が取り付けられる。また、アダプタ４１の開口部４１ａは、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の形状に対応した形状を有する。すなわち、頭部３１１の形状が、軸方向に上から見て、図３に示すように、六角形状であれば、アダプタ４１の開口部４１ａもその六角形状に対応した六角部に形成されている。なお、アダプタ４１が内底面を有しない筒状体である場合には、凹部１１ａの内底面に磁石２１が取り付けられる。 A magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the concavely formed adapter 41 so as to leave a space in the concave portion 11a into which the head 311 of the survey pin 31 can be inserted. Further, the opening 41a of the adapter 41 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the head 311 of the survey pin 31. That is, if the shape of the head 311 is a hexagon as shown in FIG. 3 when viewed from above in the axial direction, the opening 41a of the adapter 41 is also formed in the hexagon corresponding to the hexagon. .. When the adapter 41 is a tubular body having no inner bottom surface, the magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a.

図１のように、凹部１１ａの内底面に磁石２１が取り付けられたものであれば、凹部１１ａの形状によって、使用する測量ピン３１が特定されるが、図２及び図３のように、アダプタ４１が着脱自在に設けられたものであれば、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の形状に応じて、対応する形状の開口部４１ａを有するアダプタ４１を使用することができるため、異なる形状の測量ピン３１が使用されていたとしても、対応するアダプタ４１に交換すれば、同一のターゲット球本体１１を用いて測量することが可能となる。 If the magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a as shown in FIG. 1, the surveying pin 31 to be used is specified by the shape of the recess 11a. If the 41 is detachably provided, an adapter 41 having an opening 41a having a corresponding shape can be used according to the shape of the head 311 of the survey pin 31, so that a survey pin having a different shape can be used. Even if 31 is used, if it is replaced with the corresponding adapter 41, it is possible to perform a survey using the same target sphere main body 11.

ここで、レーザスキャナを用いた３次元形状の測量では、レーザスキャナから、測定対象物に向けてレーザ光を出射し、測定対象物から反射されたレーザ光を点群データとして取得する。もし、ターゲット球本体１１が回転する、又は揺れるようなことがあれば、正確な点群データが得られず、測定対象物の３次元形状を特定することができない。そこで、図２や図３に示すような頭部３１１の形状が六角形状や矩形状のものであれば、位置決めが容易に行える点以外に、ターゲット球本体１１の回転や揺れを規制することも可能となる。 Here, in the three-dimensional shape measurement using the laser scanner, the laser light is emitted from the laser scanner toward the measurement target object, and the laser light reflected from the measurement target object is acquired as point group data. If the target sphere body 11 rotates or sways, accurate point cloud data cannot be obtained and the three-dimensional shape of the object to be measured cannot be specified. Therefore, if the shape of the head 311 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is hexagonal or rectangular, in addition to the point that positioning can be easily performed, the rotation and sway of the target sphere body 11 can be regulated. It will be possible.

また、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の形状は、特殊な形状のものであっても構わない。例えば、図４に示すように、頭部３１１の軸周りの外周面から外方へ向けて突起部３１１ａが形成され、突起部３１１ａを案内して係合する案内係合部４１１がアダプタ４１に形成されていてもよい。より具体的には、案内係合部４１１は、開口側から径方向の内側に向かってテーパ状に縮径した傾斜面４１１ａと、突起部３１１ａが係合する溝部４１１ｂとを有する。傾斜面４１１ａは、突起部３１１ａを案内しやすいように形成したものであり、溝部４１１ｂは、突起部３１１ａと係合するように形成したものである。測量には時間を要するため、短時間でより確実に位置決めする必要がある。そのため、単に溝部４１１ｂを設けるよりも、より早く溝部４１１ｂに案内できる傾斜面４１１ａによって、正規の位置に確実に保持でき、かつ、時間短縮を図ることが可能となる。 Further, the shape of the head 311 of the survey pin 31 may be a special shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a protrusion 311a is formed from the outer peripheral surface around the axis of the head 311 toward the outside, and a guide engagement portion 411 that guides and engages the protrusion 311a is attached to the adapter 41. It may be formed. More specifically, the guide engaging portion 411 has an inclined surface 411a whose diameter is tapered inward from the opening side in the radial direction, and a groove portion 411b with which the protrusion 311a engages. The inclined surface 411a is formed so as to easily guide the protrusion 311a, and the groove portion 411b is formed so as to engage with the protrusion 311a. Since surveying takes time, it is necessary to position it more reliably in a short time. Therefore, the inclined surface 411a that can guide the groove portion 411b faster than simply providing the groove portion 411b makes it possible to reliably hold the groove portion 411b at a regular position and shorten the time.

次に、図５に示すように、ターゲット球本体１１が、球の中心Ｏを通らない平面で切断された球の半分よりも大きな半球状であった場合の構成と利点について説明する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the configuration and advantages when the target sphere body 11 is a hemisphere larger than half of a sphere cut in a plane that does not pass through the center O of the sphere will be described.

ターゲット球本体１１は、球の中心Ｏを通らない平面Ｐで球を切断している二つの半球のうち体積の大きな方の半球であって、球の中心Ｏを通らない平面Ｐの中央部に、半球を構成する曲面の頂部に向かって、半球の一部をくり抜くようにして、凹部１１ａが形成されている。凹部１１ａの窪み内には、球の中心Ｏが含まれるように形成されている。 The target sphere body 11 is the hemisphere having the larger volume of the two hemispheres that cut the sphere on the plane P that does not pass through the center O of the sphere, and is located at the center of the plane P that does not pass through the center O of the sphere. The recess 11a is formed by hollowing out a part of the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface forming the hemisphere. The recess 11a is formed so as to include the center O of the sphere.

凹部１１ａの内底面には、凹部１１ａ内に空間を残すようにして、板状の磁石２１が取り付けられる。板状の磁石２１は、凹部１１ａの内底面側とは反対側の面のいずれかの位置に、球の中心Ｏが含まれるように構成されている。すなわち、磁石２１は、凹部１１ａの内底面から、球の中心Ｏを通らない平面Ｐと平行な、球の中心Ｏを通る平面Ｑまでの高さを有する。なお、図５の点線が示すように、凹部１１ａの内底面側とは反対側の面の中央が、球の中心Ｏに重なるようにして、磁石２１の高さが調節されていることが望ましい。 A plate-shaped magnet 21 is attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a so as to leave a space in the recess 11a. The plate-shaped magnet 21 is configured so that the center O of the sphere is included at any position on the surface of the recess 11a opposite to the inner bottom surface side. That is, the magnet 21 has a height from the inner bottom surface of the recess 11a to the plane Q passing through the center O of the sphere, which is parallel to the plane P not passing through the center O of the sphere. As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5, it is desirable that the height of the magnet 21 is adjusted so that the center of the surface of the recess 11a opposite to the inner bottom surface side overlaps the center O of the sphere. ..

そして、ターゲット球本体１１は、平面Ｐの中央Ｃから球の中心Ｏまでの距離Ｄ１（平面Ｐと平面Ｑとの距離Ｄ１）が、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の高さＤ２とほぼ同じになるように形成されている。したがって、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１が凹部１１ａ内に挿入された時に、頭部３１１と磁石２１とが球の中心Ｏで接するように構成されている。これにより、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の位置と、ターゲット球本体１１の球の中心Ｏが一致することによって、測量の基準となる両座標が一致することになる。一方、傾斜地に三脚等を介してターゲット球本体を設置した場合には、測量ピンの真上にターゲット球本体の中心が位置しないため、水平方向の誤差を考慮しなければならない。しかし、本発明に係る測量用ターゲット装置１は、ターゲット球本体１１の球の中心位置Ｏと測量ピン３１の位置が同じ場所にあることから、水平方向の誤差を考慮することなく、迅速に測量することが可能となる。 The target sphere body 11 has a distance D1 (distance D1 between the plane P and the plane Q) from the center C of the plane P to the center O of the sphere almost the same as the height D2 of the head 311 of the survey pin 31. It is formed to be. Therefore, when the head 311 of the survey pin 31 is inserted into the recess 11a, the head 311 and the magnet 21 are configured to come into contact with each other at the center O of the sphere. As a result, the position of the head 311 of the survey pin 31 and the center O of the sphere of the target sphere body 11 coincide with each other, so that both coordinates, which are the reference of the survey, match. On the other hand, when the target sphere body is installed on a slope via a tripod or the like, the center of the target sphere body is not located directly above the survey pin, so a horizontal error must be taken into consideration. However, in the surveying target device 1 according to the present invention, since the center position O of the sphere of the target sphere main body 11 and the position of the surveying pin 31 are at the same position, the surveying can be performed quickly without considering the error in the horizontal direction. It becomes possible to do.

なお、図５では、半球を構成する平面Ｐと、球の中心Ｏを通る平面で切断された球の半分の形状であった場合の切断面である平面Ｑとの間におけるターゲット球本体１１の曲面部分を、半球の曲面から続く湾曲形状で示したが、図６に示すように、ターゲット球本体１１は、球の中心Ｏを通る平面Ｑで切断された球の半分の形状と、半球を構成する平面Ｐを共通とする円筒形状とが一体化されたような半球状であっても構わない。 In FIG. 5, the target sphere main body 11 is formed between the plane P forming the hemisphere and the plane Q which is the cut surface when the shape is half of the sphere cut by the plane passing through the center O of the sphere. The curved surface portion is shown by a curved shape that continues from the curved surface of the hemisphere. As shown in FIG. 6, the target sphere body 11 has a half shape of a sphere cut by a plane Q passing through the center O of the sphere and a hemisphere. It may be a hemispherical shape in which a cylindrical shape having a common plane P is integrated.

また、アダプタ４１を設けた場合も同様で、磁石２１は、アダプタ４１の内底面側とは反対側の面に、球の中心Ｏが含まれるように取り付けられ、半球の平面の中央から球の中心Ｏまでの距離と、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１の高さが、ほぼ同じ高さになっており、球の中心Ｏの位置で、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１と磁石２１が接するように、凹部１１ａの深さと磁石２１の高さがそれぞれ調節されて、構成されている。 Further, the same applies to the case where the adapter 41 is provided, and the magnet 21 is attached to the surface of the adapter 41 opposite to the inner bottom surface side so as to include the center O of the sphere, and the magnet 21 is attached from the center of the plane of the hemisphere to the sphere. The distance to the center O and the height of the head 311 of the survey pin 31 are almost the same height, so that the head 311 of the survey pin 31 and the magnet 21 are in contact with each other at the position of the center O of the sphere. , The depth of the recess 11a and the height of the magnet 21 are adjusted, respectively.

次に、本発明に係るターゲット装置１の使用方法について説明する。 Next, a method of using the target device 1 according to the present invention will be described.

まず、図７（ａ）に示すように、測量ピン３１を基準となる位置Ｘ（図５でいう平面Ｐの中央Ｃとなる位置）に打ち込む。このとき、図７（ｂ）に示すように、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１を地盤面から地上に突出させた状態で測量ピン３１を地盤に固定する。次に、図７（ｃ）に示すように、ターゲット球本体１１の平面を下方に向けて、凹部１１ａに測量ピン３１の頭部３１１を挿入させ、ターゲット球本体１１の平面が地盤面に接するようにして載置する（図７（ｄ））。この時、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１と磁石２１とが近づくだけで、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１が凹部１１ａに案内されるようにして挿入され、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１と磁石２１とが磁着する。そして、図７（ｄ）に示す状態で測量を行う。測量後は、図７（ｅ）に示すように、ターゲット球本体１１を持ち上げ、その後、図７（ｆ）に示すように、測量ピン３１の頭部３１１を地盤内に完全に打ち込むことによって終了する。 First, as shown in FIG. 7A, the survey pin 31 is driven into the reference position X (the position at the center C of the plane P in FIG. 5). At this time, as shown in FIG. 7B, the surveying pin 31 is fixed to the ground with the head 311 of the surveying pin 31 protruding from the ground surface to the ground. Next, as shown in FIG. 7C, the plane of the target sphere body 11 is directed downward, the head 311 of the survey pin 31 is inserted into the recess 11a, and the plane of the target sphere body 11 comes into contact with the ground surface. It is placed in this way (Fig. 7 (d)). At this time, only when the head 311 of the survey pin 31 and the magnet 21 come close to each other, the head 311 of the survey pin 31 is inserted so as to be guided by the recess 11a, and the head 311 of the survey pin 31 and the magnet 21 are inserted. Is magnetized. Then, the survey is performed in the state shown in FIG. 7 (d). After the survey, the target sphere body 11 is lifted as shown in FIG. 7 (e), and then the head 311 of the survey pin 31 is completely driven into the ground as shown in FIG. 7 (f). To do.

１測量用ターゲット装置
１１ターゲット球本体
２１磁石
３１測量ピン
４１アダプタ 1 Surveying target device 11 Target sphere body 21 Magnet 31 Surveying pin 41 Adapter

Claims

A hemispherical target sphere body in which a recess is formed by hollowing out a part of the hemisphere from the central portion of the plane constituting the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface constituting the hemisphere, and
A magnet attached to the inner bottom surface of the recess and
A surveying pin made of a magnetic material that can be attracted to the magnet and whose head can be inserted into the recess.
A target device for surveying, which is characterized by being equipped with.

The target sphere body is a hemisphere larger than half of a sphere cut in a plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere.
The height of the head of the survey pin is approximately the same as the distance from the center of the plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere to the center of the sphere.
The surveying target device according to claim 1, wherein when the head is inserted into the recess, the head and the magnet are configured to be in contact with each other at the center of a sphere.

The survey pin is driven into the ground with the head protruding from the ground surface.
The target ball body, is inserted the head of the surveying pins in the recess, according to claim 1 or 2 plane of the target sphere body, characterized in that it is placed in a state in contact with the ground surface The surveying target device according to any one of the items.

A hemispherical target sphere body in which a recess is formed by hollowing out a part of the hemisphere from the central portion of the plane constituting the hemisphere toward the top of the curved surface constituting the hemisphere, and
An adapter that is detachably provided from the recess and has an opening that is in the same opening direction as the recess.
The magnet attached to the inner bottom surface of the adapter and
A surveying pin made of a magnetic material that can be attracted to the magnet,
With
The opening of the adapter, have a shape corresponding to the shape of the head of the surveying pin,
The target sphere body is a hemisphere larger than half of a sphere cut in a plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere.
The height of the head of the survey pin is approximately the same as the distance from the center of the plane that does not pass through the center of the sphere to the center of the sphere.
A surveying target device characterized in that when the head is inserted into the opening, the head and the magnet are configured to come into contact with each other at the center of a sphere.

A protrusion extending outward from the outer peripheral surface around the axis is formed on the head of the survey pin.
The surveying target device according to claim 4 , wherein the adapter is formed with a guide engaging portion that guides and engages the protrusion.

The survey pin is driven into the ground with the head protruding from the ground surface.
The target ball body, prior SL is inserted the head of the surveying pin into the opening, according to claim 4 or 5 the plane of the target sphere body, characterized in that it is placed in a state in contact with the ground surface The surveying target device according to any one of the above.