JP6861407B1 - bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing utilizing rolling of a sphere or a cylinder, which is a structure composed of movable (rotating) parts, and a frictional force acts when the rotating parts and peripheral parts supporting the rotating parts are in contact with each other. Since the frictional force is dissipated as heat energy, it becomes a rotational energy loss. Therefore, since what is required of the bearing is to reduce the energy loss (friction force), a method of suppressing the contact between the rolling elements and reducing the energy loss is provided. SOLUTION: An outer ring 1, an inner ring 2 and a rolling element 3 that bears a load such as a sphere or a cylinder are designated as A, and one or a plurality of rolling bodies 4 of different types are arranged as B between adjacent A's, and B A bearing characterized in that contact between A and A is permitted, but contact between B and the inner ring or outer ring is prohibited. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to bearings.

Bearings (hereinafter referred to as bearings) that utilize the rolling of spheres and cylinders are used in various places as mechanical device parts. Bearings are structures made up of movable (rotating) parts, and frictional force acts when there is contact between rotating parts or peripheral parts that support the rotating parts. Since the frictional force is dissipated as heat energy, it becomes a rotational energy loss. Therefore, what is required of bearings is to reduce energy loss (friction force). The structure of the bearing is such that rolling elements such as a plurality of spheres are sandwiched between an inner ring and an outer ring and stored, and a cage is provided so that the rolling elements do not come into contact with each other. In this structure, the contact between the cage and the rolling element also causes energy loss, so a bearing without a cage has been devised (Reference 1). In addition, although the required function is different from that of bearings, since a rolling element is also used in a ball screw, it is necessary to avoid contact between rolling elements (balls), and a method for suppressing friction due to contact has been devised. (Reference 2).
JP-A-2007-177993 JP 2000-291770

The method of Document 1 is a method of locally giving deceleration / acceleration to the movement of the rolling elements and giving a distance between the rolling elements to avoid contact between the rolling elements due to the removal of the cage. In this method, the rolling element spacing can be reliably maintained in the vicinity of the local portion, but since there is no means for controlling or maintaining the rolling element spacing in regions other than the local portion, the rolling element spacing can be reliably maintained under all circumstances. There is no guarantee that it can be retained.
Reference 2 relates to a ball screw. Although the ball screw is different from the bearing, it is common to the bearing that uses a spherical rolling element in that it wants to reduce the frictional force due to the contact between the rolling elements. Since the rolling elements of both the bearing and the ball screw rotate in the same direction, when the rolling elements come into contact with each other, they act to hinder each other's rotation, leading to deterioration of the performance of the bearing or the ball screw. Therefore, in Document 2, a new rolling element (referred to as B) having a radius slightly smaller than A is placed between adjacent rolling elements (referred to as A), and B must come into contact with the ball screw groove and the nut thread groove. , B is sandwiched between A on both sides and is in contact with each other, but the contact surface rotation direction of B is the same as that of A on both sides, so friction does not occur or is very small.

Document 2 does not describe a method for preventing B from coming into contact with a thread groove or a nut thread groove. Simply placing B causes B to come into contact with the thread groove. In order to apply the method of Document 2 to a bearing, the rolling element B must be able to be held so as not to come into contact with the inner ring or the outer ring (no three-point contact). If it can be held, it will lead to a great improvement in the performance of the bearing.

An example of holding the rolling element B so as not to come into contact with the inner ring or the outer ring is shown below.
FIG. 1 is an example in which the cylindrical body is B. Both ends of B slide along the groove provided on the side wall of the bearing. At this point, since B is in contact with the side wall, it becomes a three-point contact, but the frictional force can be reduced by making the contact area with the side wall as small as possible (point contact). Suitable when the rolling element A is a roller. When A is a ball, it is common to provide a groove for ball sliding on the inner and outer rings, and the axial movement of the ball is suppressed. Therefore, the columnar body may be used as B, but as shown in FIG. By making a groove in contact with A on the outer circumference of B, the yield strength against axial load can be increased. FIG. 3 shows a method in which a sphere is used as B, and the shaft is passed through the sphere and slid along the bearing side wall groove. In this method, since there is only one contact point with A, the rolling of A is good. FIG. 4 shows a method in which A is supported from both sides by making two spheres as if they were skewered dumplings. FIG. 5 is an integrated version of FIG. FIG. 6 shows a method in which FIG. 2 or FIG. 5 is paired with two pairs and is in contact with A at four points. 6 and 7 are cages for rollers B or balls B, which are arranged between A and A. 1 to 5 require a bearing side wall, while FIGS. 6 and 7 hold two sets of B pairs with metal fittings or the like. A holds B, but the direction of rotation is the same between A and B, and mutual rotation is not suppressed.
Instead of the cages shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the two grooves provided on the side wall of the bearing can also be used.

Bearings are always used for rotating machinery. Efforts to reduce the energy loss of bearings as much as possible will result in a total reduction of enormous energy loss, considering the large number of bearings used. Controlling energy consumption is also a goal of every industry. Energy consumption is also closely related to environmental issues, and reducing industrial energy consumption is an urgent issue.

Example Example of rolling element B (single substance) Example of rolling element B (single substance) Example of rolling element B (single substance) Example of rolling element B (single substance) Example 1 of combining rolling elements A, B1, B2 Example 2 of combining rolling elements A, B1, B2

1 Bearing outer ring
2 Bearing inner ring
3 Rolling body A (load burden)
4 Rolling element B (preventing contact between A and A)
5 Cage 6 Guide grooved side wall

Claims (1)

In the space created between the rolling element A that bears the load such as a sphere or a cylinder, the outer ring and the inner ring that hold the rolling element A from both sides in the radial direction, and the rolling element A and the adjacent rolling element A, the rolling element. Although contact with A is allowed , from the pair of rolling elements B1 and B2 arranged with the closest part of the rolling element A and the adjacent rolling element A sandwiched in the radial direction so as not to come into contact with the outer ring and the inner ring. Bearings characterized by being made.

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