JP6855447B2 - Fungus cultivation bag - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fungal cultivation bag. In particular, the present invention relates to a bag used for culturing fungi using a fungal bed in the bag.

Plastics film bags such as polyethylene film and polypropylene film are used for fungal bed cultivation for cultivating fungi such as mushrooms. Generally, this bag is provided with a vent at the top, and a constant temperature and humidity can be maintained by arranging a bacterial bed at the bottom of the bag and culturing in the bag. By enclosing the medium and fungal inoculum (spores, etc.) in such a bag, mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms can be harvested in about 2 weeks, and the growth and harvesting can be repeated several times thereafter. However, when air is introduced from the vent, various germs (molds, etc.) contained in the air are also mixed in the bag, so that the germs also propagate in the bag, and as a result, the mushrooms may die.

In order to prevent such invasion of various germs, a method of covering the vent with a non-woven fabric or the like has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). Further, a method using a non-woven fabric made of hydrophobic polyolefin fiber is also known (Patent Document 4).

JP 2015-154755 JP 2015-8690 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-262145 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-319373

However, even if the vent is covered with a non-woven fabric as proposed in these conventional techniques, the effect of preventing the invasion of various germs is not sufficient, and there is room for further improvement.

Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a fungal cultivation bag capable of more effectively preventing or suppressing the invasion of various germs.

As a result of diligent research in view of the problems of the prior art, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by adopting a specific non-woven fabric.

That is, the present invention relates to the following fungal bed cultivation bag.
1. 1. A bag body in which a medium is placed inside the bag body and used for culturing fungi in the bag body in the medium.
(1) The bag body has at least one vent, and the vent is covered with a water-repellent non-woven fabric.
(2) In the water-repellent nonwoven fabric, hydrophobic oxide fine particles are fixed on fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric as a base material.
(3) The contact angle with water on the surface of the water-repellent nonwoven fabric is 140 degrees or more.
(4) The non-woven fabric as the base material has a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² .
(5) The hydrophobic oxide fine particles have an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm, and the fixation amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles is the basis weight A (g) of the non-woven fabric used as the base material. A bag for fungal cultivation, characterized in that the value [B / A] divided by / m ^{2) is 0.1 to 20%.}
2. A method for producing fungi, which comprises 1) a step of arranging a medium inside the bag body of the fungus cultivation bag according to item 1 above, and 2) a step of culturing the fungi in the bag body. Production method of fungi.
3. 3. The production method according to Item 2, wherein the fungi are cultivated while 1) ventilating the air and 2) suppressing or preventing the invasion of various germs from the outside through the vent.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fungal cultivation bag capable of more effectively preventing or suppressing the invasion of various germs. In particular, since the fungal cultivation bag of the present invention is covered with a non-woven fabric having a high water repellency at its vent, the invasion of moisture can be suppressed due to its low moisture permeability and the like. As a result, the invasion of various germs mixed in the humidity can be effectively suppressed or prevented. The hydrophobic non-woven fabric applied to the vent of the conventional fungal cultivation bag has a contact angle with water of about 90 degrees at most, which is insufficient to prevent the invasion and growth of various germs in fungal bed cultivation and the like. Therefore, there is a risk that mold or the like may develop or invade the medium. On the other hand, the water-repellent nonwoven fabric used in the vent of the fungal cultivation bag of the present invention has a high contact angle (that is, superhydrophobicity) of 140 degrees or more due to the addition of hydrophobic oxide fine particles. As a result of being able to effectively suppress or prevent the invasion of various germs at the vent covered with such a water-repellent non-woven fabric, the fungi can be grown soundly. As a result, when the fungi are harvested, a higher yield than before can be obtained.

In particular, hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm adhere to the fiber surface of a non-woven fabric substrate having a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ^{2 in an exposed state.} The value [B / A] obtained by dividing the fixing amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles by the basis weight A (g / m ^{2) of the non-woven fabric is within the range of 0.1 to 20%.} By setting to, a higher effect of preventing the invasion of various germs can be obtained without impairing the air permeability.

In addition, since a water-repellent non-woven fabric is used, not only is it difficult for moisture in mist (water vapor, etc.) in the air to pass through, but also dew (water droplets) adhering to the non-woven fabric inside the bag is in the soil (outside the fungus bed). Since it can be quickly slid down, it is possible to prevent the growth of various germs that may occur on the conventional non-woven fabric and the invasion of the germs due to the growth. Such an action can also contribute to the improvement of the yield of harvesting of the fungi to be cultivated.

It is a figure which shows the structural example (FIG. 1 (a)) and the use example (FIG. 1 (b)) of the fungus cultivation bag of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the water-repellent nonwoven fabric.

1. 1. Fungal cultivation bag The fungal cultivation bag (bacterial bed cultivation bag) of the present invention is a bag body in which a medium is placed inside the bag body and used for culturing fungi in the medium inside the bag body.
(1) The bag body has at least one vent, and the vent is covered with a water-repellent non-woven fabric.
(2) In the water-repellent nonwoven fabric, hydrophobic oxide fine particles are fixed on fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric as a base material.
(3) The contact angle with water on the surface of the water-repellent nonwoven fabric is 140 degrees or more.
(4) The non-woven fabric as the base material has a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² .
(5) The hydrophobic oxide fine particles have an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm, and the fixation amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles is the basis weight A (g) of the non-woven fabric used as the base material. The value [B / A] divided by / m ^{2) is 0.1 to 20%.}

The fungus cultivation bag of the present invention is a bag body in which a medium is placed inside the bag body and used for culturing fungi in the bag body. As shown in FIG. 1A, the fungal cultivation bag 10 of the present invention has a vent 11a formed in a plastic (synthetic resin) bag 11 and is water repellent so as to cover the entire vent 11a. The non-woven fabric 12 is attached and fixed. When cultivating fungi, as shown in FIG. 1B, the medium 13 is covered from the opening 11b of the fungus cultivation bag of the present invention, and the opening 11b is closed with an adhesive tape, a heat seal, or the like. Cultivation can be carried out in such a state. The bag 10 is provided with a vent (small window) 11a for introducing outside air into the bag body at a position above the medium 13 housed in the bag and not in contact with the medium 13, and the ventilation thereof. The entire mouth is covered with the water-repellent non-woven fabric 12. As a result, the inside of the bag is ventilated through the water-repellent non-woven fabric, and as a result, it becomes difficult for moisture (moisture) to enter the bag. It can be introduced into the bag or the air inside the bag can be exhausted.

The fungi applicable to the fungus cultivation bag of the present invention are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include edible mushrooms such as shiitake mushroom, enokitake mushroom, king trumpet mushroom, and matsutake mushroom.

The medium refers to a culture medium that supplies air and nutrients to fungal spores, inoculum and grown bacteria, and retains the grown bacteria. As such a medium, for example, a solid medium containing wood flour (such as oga flour), or a liquid or colloidal medium containing fungal nutrients can be used. For example, water, nutrients (fertilizer) and the like can be separately and appropriately added to the medium depending on the bacteria to be cultivated. As these media themselves, known or commercially available ones can be used, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of fungi to be cultivated and the like.

Hereinafter, the materials, physical properties, and the like constituting the bag for growing fungi of the present invention will be described in detail.

(1) Non-woven fabric as a base material The non-woven fabric used as a base material for a water-repellent non-woven fabric is formed into a cloth shape by thermally, mechanically or chemically adhering or entwining fibers with each other. Yes, including felt and the like.

In the present invention, the material of the non-woven fabric as the base material (the non-woven fabric before the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are applied) is not limited. Examples of organic synthetic fibers (chemical fibers) include polyamide (nylon) fibers, rayon fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin (polypropylene and the like) fibers, acrylic fibers, vinylon fibers, aramid fibers and the like. Further, a composite fiber in which a polyester core material is coated with polyethylene is also used. Examples of natural fibers include pulp, hemp, cotton, wool and the like. In addition, inorganic fibers such as glass fiber and carbon fiber are exemplified. Further, in the present invention, a non-woven fabric made of a mixture of these fibers can also be used.

Further, the base material may contain an adhesive or the like for the purpose of adhering the fibers to each other. Further, a non-woven fabric colored with a paint, a pigment, a dye or the like can also be used.

As the fibers constituting the base material, either short fibers (for example, fiber lengths of 5 to 50 mm) or long fibers can be used. The fiber diameter is also not particularly limited, and usually can be appropriately selected within the range of 1 to 10 μm.

The method for producing the non-woven fabric is also not particularly limited, and for example, a non-woven fabric produced by various manufacturing methods such as a span lace method, a thermal bond method, a chemical bond method, and a needle punch method can be used. However, in the present invention, in order to maintain high water repellency due to the hydrophobic oxide particles, it is preferable not to perform a coating treatment on the water-repellent nonwoven fabric as a post-process after imparting the hydrophobic oxide particles to the nonwoven fabric. ..

The thickness of the non-woven fabric as the base material is usually 60 to 500 μm, and particularly preferably 70 to 250 μm. If the thickness is too thin, it becomes difficult to retain the hydrophobic oxide fine particles inside the non-woven fabric, and there is a possibility that the desired water repellency cannot be obtained. Further, if the thickness is too thick, the air permeability may decrease.

The non-woven fabric as the base material has a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² , and is particularly preferably 45 to 100 g / m ² or less. If the basis weight is ^{less than 30 g / m 2} or more than 100 g / m ² , the desired water repellency may not be obtained.

As described above, by using the non-woven fabric having a specific thickness and basis weight as the base material, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having a specific particle size can be more reliably fixed to the inside of the non-woven fabric, resulting in good air permeability. It is possible to develop high water repellency while ensuring the above.

(2) Hydrophobic oxide fine particles In the present invention, the non-woven fabric used as the base material is imparted with high water repellency by the hydrophobic oxide particles.

The hydrophobic oxide fine particles are preferably fixed to the surface of the fibers constituting the base material in an exposed state. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, hydrophobic oxide fine particles 22 (powder) are fixed on the surface of fibers 21 constituting the base material (nonwoven fabric) of the water-repellent non-woven fabric 12. In this case, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles 22 are exposed to the voids of the non-woven fabric formed by entwining the fibers 21, whereby more excellent water repellency can be exhibited and the moisture blocking property is enhanced. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the invasion of various germs due to the inflow of moisture and the like. Further, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles may form a porous layer having a three-dimensional network structure. As a result, even higher water repellency can be exhibited.

Further, the surface to which the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are applied may be at least one surface of the non-woven fabric, but when the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are laminated on both sides of the non-woven fabric, higher water repellency can be exhibited. By covering the vent with such a highly water-repellent non-woven fabric, moisture from the outside of the bag body is not allowed to pass through the inside of the bag to prevent the invasion of germs, and even if the surface of the water-repellent non-woven fabric is inside the bag body. Even if dew condensation occurs, water droplets can quickly slide down and suppress the growth of germs. Further, although a region where the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are not imparted may be provided on a part of the surface of the non-woven fabric base material, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are provided on the entire surface of the non-woven fabric base material in order to secure higher water repellency. It is preferable that it is given.

The hydrophobic oxide fine particles are not particularly limited as long as they have hydrophobicity, and may be hydrophobized by surface treatment. For example, it is also possible to use fine particles in which hydrophilic oxide fine particles are surface-treated with a silane coupling agent or the like to make the surface state hydrophobic.

The type of oxide is also not limited as long as it has hydrophobicity. For example, at least one of silica (silicon dioxide), alumina, titania and the like can be used. As these, known or commercially available ones can be adopted. For example, as silica, the product names are "AEROSIL R972", "AEROSIL R972V", "AEROSIL R972CF", "AEROSIL R974", "AEROSIL RX200", "AEROSIL RY200" (all manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), "AEROSIL R202". , "AEROSIL R805", "AEROSIL R812", "AEROSIL R812S", (all manufactured by Ebonic Degusa) and the like. Examples of titania include the product name "AEROXIDE TiO ₂ T805" (manufactured by Evonik Degussa). Examples of alumina include fine particles in which the product name "AEROXIDE Alu C" (manufactured by Evonik Degussa) or the like is treated with a silane coupling agent to make the particle surface hydrophobic.

Among these, hydrophobic silica fine particles can be preferably used. In particular, hydrophobic silica fine particles having a trimethylsilyl group on the surface are preferable in that higher water repellency can be obtained. Examples of commercially available products corresponding to this include the above-mentioned "AEROSIL R812" and "AEROSIL R812S" (both manufactured by Evonik Degussa).

The average particle size of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles is preferably 5 to 10 nm. When the average particle size of the hydrophobic oxide particles is less than 5 nm, it becomes difficult to handle the hydrophobic oxide particles. Further, when the average particle size exceeds 10 nm, the water repellency is lowered, and it may be difficult to suppress the invasion of various germs. The average particle size of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles referred to here is an average value of the particle size of the primary particles.

The average particle size can be measured with a scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and if the resolution of the scanning electron microscope is low, another electron microscope such as a transmission electron microscope is used in combination. You may. Specifically, when the particle shape is spherical, the average particle size is defined as the average of the diameters of 50 particles arbitrarily selected by observation with a scanning electron microscope or the like. When the particle shape is non-spherical, the average value of the longest diameter and the shortest diameter is regarded as the diameter, and the average diameter of 50 particles arbitrarily selected by observation with a scanning electron microscope or the like is used. Is the average particle size.

The amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles fixed is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set ^{, for example, in the range of about 0.05 to 50 g / m 2} , particularly 0.1 to 20 g / m ^2. In the present invention, the value [B / A] obtained by dividing the fixing amount B (g / m ² ) by the basis weight A (g / m ² ) of the non-woven fabric base material is 0.1 to 20%, preferably 1 to 1. Set to 10%. If the value is less than 0.1%, the water repellency becomes low and it becomes difficult to suppress the invasion of various germs. On the other hand, if the value exceeds 20%, the aeration amount is reduced, which may hinder the growth of fungi.

(3) Physical Properties of Water-Repellent Nonwoven Fabric The water-repellent non-woven fabric to which the above-mentioned hydrophobic oxide fine particles are adhered can have good breathability and exhibit high water repellency. As a result, it is possible to have the property of allowing air to pass through, but making it difficult for moisture (steam) to pass through. In particular, it is desirable that the water-repellent nonwoven fabric of the present invention has the following physical properties.

The contact angle of the surface of the water-repellent nonwoven fabric with water is usually 140 degrees or more, and particularly preferably 150 degrees or more. If the contact angle is less than 140 degrees, the desired water repellency may not be exhibited, and the effect of preventing the invasion of various germs may not be sufficiently obtained.

Regarding the air permeability, it is preferable that the air volume is 100 cc / cm ² / sec or more. If the aeration rate is ^{less than 100 cc / cm 2} / sec, the low aeration rate may hinder the supply of fresh air to the fungi and the exhaust generated from the fungi and the medium. The upper limit of the air volume is not particularly limited, and can be set to ^{, for example, about 500 cc / cm 2 / sec.}

Further, regarding the moisture blocking property, ^{it is preferable that the moisture permeability is 450 g / m 2} / hour or less. If the moisture permeability ^{exceeds 450 g / m 2} / hour, the moisture in the steam easily passes through the water-repellent non-woven fabric, so that the moisture in the medium can easily escape, and it may dry out and hinder the growth of fungi. is there. The lower limit of the moisture permeation is not particularly limited, and can be set to ^{, for example, about 300 g / m 2 / hour.}

(4) Bag body The bag body (bag body) used for the fungal cultivation bag of the present invention is capable of accommodating a medium and fungal spores, and the material and thickness thereof are particularly large as long as the bag has a vent. Not limited.

As the material constituting the bag body, for example, a plastic bag made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester or the like, a bag made of a composite material of pulps such as wood or bamboo and plastics (thermoplastic resin), or the like can be used. ..

Generally, in fungal bed cultivation, since the inoculum is planted once and cultivated and harvested a plurality of times, it is preferable to use a bag body having a strength capable of withstanding long-term cultivation. In particular, polypropylene bags, polyethylene bags (particularly high-density polyethylene bags) and the like can be preferably used. The shape of the bag is not particularly limited, and any form such as a tub-shaped bag, a bag in which a tubular film is fused at the bottom, or a bag in which the side or bottom is gusseted is adopted. Can be done.

The thickness of the bag is not limited, but it is preferably about 20 to 100 μm, particularly 30 to 70 μm, from the viewpoint of ensuring strength that can withstand long-term cultivation.

In the present invention, the bag body is provided with at least one vent, and this vent is covered with the above-mentioned water-repellent nonwoven fabric. The coating here means a state in which the water-repellent non-woven fabric is fixed so as to block the entire vent. That is, the entire vent may be covered with a water-repellent non-woven fabric.

The position, size, etc. of the vents formed in the bag body are not particularly limited. It is preferable that the vent is provided at a height that does not come into contact with the medium. If the vent is arranged at a position where it comes into contact with the medium, the non-woven fabric covering the vent and the medium come into contact with each other, and the water in the medium stays on the non-woven fabric, which may cause germs to propagate.

The size of the vents may be set as long as the air can flow in and out of the bag sufficiently, and the size of each vent can be set to, for example, 3 cm in length × 3 cm in width or more. The number of vents is not limited, and one or two or more vents may be provided. The shape of the vent is not limited, and any of, for example, a rectangle (rectangle, square, etc.), a circle, an ellipse, and the like can be adopted.

In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the water-repellent nonwoven fabric covering the vent and the area around the vent overlap, and the bag body and the water-repellent nonwoven fabric are adhered at the overlapping portion. Is preferable. As a result, the vent is covered with the non-woven fabric so that the inside and the outside of the bag are ventilated and ventilated through the water-repellent non-woven fabric, so that the invasion of various germs can be suppressed more effectively. In other words, since all of the air passing through the inside and outside of the bag passes through the water-repellent non-woven fabric, it is possible to effectively suppress the invasion of various germs from the outside as well as ventilation and ventilation. Therefore, the water-repellent nonwoven fabric preferably has a shape similar to, for example, the shape of the vent.

For bonding the bag body and the water-repellent non-woven fabric, for example, it is preferable to use a hot melt adhesive, a heat-sensitive water-based adhesive containing a polyolefin resin as a main raw material, or the like. In particular, adhesion by heat sealing is preferable. As a result, the area around the opening of the vent in the bag body and the water-repellent non-woven fabric are adhered without gaps, so that the invasion of various germs can be prevented more effectively.

3. 3. Method for manufacturing a bag for fungal cultivation The bag for fungal cultivation of the present invention is preferably provided by, for example, providing at least one vent (through port) in the bag body and installing a water-repellent non-woven fabric so as to cover the entire vent. Can be manufactured. Further, as another method, there is also a method in which at least one vent is provided in the bag body, a non-woven fabric as a base material is installed so as to cover the entire vent, and then hydrophobic oxide fine particles are fixed to the non-woven fabric. Can be adopted.

In this case, the water-repellent nonwoven fabric uses a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² as a base material, and a hydrophobic oxide having an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm. It is preferable that the fine particles are fixed.

The method for fixing the hydrophobic oxide fine particles to the base material of the non-woven fabric is not particularly limited as long as it can be fixed to the fiber surface constituting the non-woven fabric as the base material, but the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are preferably contained in the solvent. A method including a step of applying the dispersed dispersion liquid is adopted.

The dispersion liquid can be prepared by dispersing the hydrophobic oxide fine particles in a solvent. As the solvent, in addition to water, various organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and toluene can be used. In the present invention, ethyl alcohol can be particularly preferably used. Further, in the present invention, a resin component (organic binder or the like) may be contained in the dispersion liquid within a range that does not interfere with the effect of the present invention, but it is particularly preferable that the dispersion liquid does not contain the resin component. .. More preferably, a dispersion liquid in which the hydrophobic oxide fine particles are dispersed in the solvent and does not contain the hydrophobic oxide fine particles and components other than the solvent is used. As a result, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles can be fixed to the fiber surface in a state where the surface of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles is almost completely exposed.

The dispersion amount (concentration) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles in the dispersion liquid is not limited, but is usually set appropriately within the range of about 5 to 50% by weight.

When applying the dispersion liquid to the base material, it is carried out on at least one side of the base material. In order to impart higher water repellency, the dispersion liquid may be applied to both sides of the non-woven fabric as the base material.

The method of applying the dispersion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include roll coating, gravure coating, spray coating, and dipping coating. In particular, a gravure coat is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform coating.

Then, as a drying step, the solvent is volatilized by drying the coated non-woven fabric. The drying conditions are not particularly limited as long as the solvent in the dispersion liquid volatilizes, and either natural drying or heat drying can be adopted. In the case of heat drying, the temperature is usually preferably in the range of 50 to 150 ° C. The drying time for heat-drying depends on the heating temperature and the like, but is usually about 10 seconds to 2 minutes.

In the present invention, it is desirable to control the amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles adhered as follows. The application and drying of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles on the non-woven fabric substrate can be carried out once or twice or more. That is, the value [B / A] obtained by dividing the fixing amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles by the basis weight A (g / m ^{2) of the nonwoven fabric is 0.1 to 20% (preferably 1).} The above series of steps may be carried out once or twice or more so as to be 10%).

By carrying out a series of steps of the coating step and the drying step so that the above values are within a predetermined range, the aqueous oxide fine particles are more reliably applied not only to the outermost surface of the non-woven fabric as the base material but also to the inside thereof. It becomes possible to fill. From this point of view, in the present invention, it is desirable to repeat the above series of steps two or more times.

4. Cultivation method of fungi When cultivating fungi using the fungus cultivation bag of the present invention, it may be carried out according to a known culture method in which a fungus bed is arranged in the bag and cultivated. That is, the fungal cultivation bag of the present invention can be suitably used for fungal bed cultivation.

For example, a method for producing fungi, which includes a step of arranging a medium inside the bag body of the fungus cultivation bag of the present invention (medium placement step) and a step of culturing the fungus in the medium in the bag (culture step), and the like are preferably used. Can be adopted.

In the medium placement step, the medium is placed inside the bag for fungal cultivation. In this case, the inoculation of the inoculum is a) a method of inoculating the medium in advance prior to placing the medium inside the bag, and b) a method of inoculating the medium after placing the medium inside the bag. Etc. may be used. In particular, it is preferable to adopt the method a) from the viewpoint of suppressing or preventing the mixing of various germs, easiness of work, and the like. That is, a method of arranging the bacterial bed in which the inoculum has been inoculated in the medium in advance inside the bag body can be more preferably adopted.

After the medium inoculated with the inoculum is installed inside the bag body, the opening of the bag body is closed. That is, it is sufficient to open only the vent of the bag body to the outside air and substantially shut off the other parts from the outside air. As a result, ventilation is performed at the vent covered with the water-repellent non-woven fabric. The ventilation may be either natural ventilation or forced ventilation. Forced ventilation can be carried out using a known or commercially available ventilation device or the like.

In the culturing step, the fungi are cultivated in the medium in the bag. The culture method / conditions may be appropriately set according to known methods / conditions according to, for example, the type of fungus to be cultivated. For example, in the case of shiitake mushrooms, it is preferable to cultivate them under conditions where the temperature is about 18 to 25 ° C., the humidity is about 60 to 95%, and no direct sunlight is applied (in a dark place). Water supply may be appropriately carried out to the extent that the medium does not dry. In this way, shiitake mushrooms can usually be harvested in about 25 to 30 days.

In this way, by using the fungal cultivation bag of the present invention, the fungi are cultivated while ventilating the air through the vent and effectively suppressing or preventing the invasion and growth of various germs from the outside. be able to. In this way, it is possible to effectively suppress the invasion and proliferation of various fungi while ventilating, and as a result, a relatively high yield rate of fungi can be obtained.

Examples and comparative examples are shown below, and the features of the present invention will be described more specifically. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Example 1
As the non-woven fabric, a spunlace non-woven fabric (thickness 250 μm, basis weight 60 g / m ² , density 0.24 g / cm ³ , manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.) was used. As the hydrophobic oxide fine particles, hydrophobic fumed silica fine particles (product name "AEROSIL R812", average particle size 7 nm) were used.

The average particle size of the hydrophobic oxide particles shown in this example is rounded off to the nearest whole number, and the other examples and comparative examples are also rounded off to the nearest whole number.

Next, a dispersion liquid (concentration of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles: 10% by weight) was prepared by dispersing the hydrophobic oxide fine particles in ethanol. The obtained dispersion was applied to one side of the non-woven fabric using a bar coater, and dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 1 minute. The above coating and drying were repeated until the amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles fixed was 10 g / m ^2. In this way, a non-woven fabric having water repellency was obtained. This non-woven fabric was cut into a square shape having a length of 5 cm and a width of 5 cm by a cutter.

Next, as a bag body, a rectangular polyethylene bag (thickness 45 μm, height 45 cm × width 60 cm × depth 20 cm at the bottom when the bag is opened, “Biomake” manufactured by Ucy Sales Co., Ltd.) is prepared. One vent having a length of 4 cm and a width of 4 cm was provided by a cutter so that the position 13 cm from the bottom was the bottom of the mouth. The water-repellent non-woven fabric was heat-bonded to the bag body by a heat-sealing machine so as to close the vent to obtain a bag for fungal bed cultivation (a bag for fungal cultivation).

Example 2
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 0.1 g / m ^2.

Example 3
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 12 g / m ^2.

Example 4
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 5 nm were used and the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 10 g / m ^2. As the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having such an average particle size, those prepared by preparing hydrophobic silica fine particles by the vapor phase method were used.

Example 5
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 10 nm were used and the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 10 g / m ^2. As the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having such an average particle size, those prepared by preparing hydrophobic silica fine particles by the vapor phase method were used.

Example 6
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 70 μm and a basis weight of 45 g / m ² (product name “Sunmore # 1445 manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.”) is used as the base material, and the amount of hydrophobic oxide fine particles applied is 5 g / m. ^A bag for growing a fungal bed was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the value was 2.

Example 7
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 250 μm and a basis weight of 30 g / m ² (product name “Sunmore # 2160 manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.”) is used as the base material, and the amount of hydrophobic oxide fine particles applied is 3 g / m. ^A bag for growing a fungal bed was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the value was 2.

Example 8
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 500 μm and a basis weight of 200 g / m ² (product name “Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.”) was used as the base material, and the amount of hydrophobic oxide fine particles applied was 20 g / m ^2. Made a bag for growing a fungal bed in the same manner as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 1
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 0.01 g / m ^2.

Comparative Example 2
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 25 g / m ^2.

Comparative Example 3
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 3 nm were used. As the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having such an average particle size, those prepared by preparing hydrophobic silica fine particles by the vapor phase method were used.

Comparative Example 4
A bag for fungal bed cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 15 nm were used. As the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having such an average particle size, those prepared by preparing hydrophobic silica fine particles by the vapor phase method were used.

Comparative Example 5
Example 1 except that a non-woven fabric having a thickness of 40 μm and a basis weight of 20 g / m ² (manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.) was used as the non-woven fabric as the base material, and the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 2 g / m ^2. A bag for growing a fungus bed was prepared in the same manner as in the above.

Comparative Example 6
Example 1 except that a non-woven fabric having a thickness of 600 μm and a basis weight of 250 g / m ² (manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd.) was used as the non-woven fabric as the base material, and the coating amount of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles was 25 g / m ^2. A bag for growing a fungus bed was prepared in the same manner as in the above. As the non-woven fabric having such a thickness and a basis weight, a non-woven fabric prepared by stacking a plurality of general-purpose non-woven fabrics manufactured by Sanwa Paper Co., Ltd. was used.

Test Example 1
With respect to the water-repellent nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the contact angle, moisture permeability and air permeability were measured under the following conditions. The results are shown in Table 1.

(1) Contact angle For the water-repellent non-woven fabric used for the bag for growing the bacterial bed, the contact angle of pure water (about 2 μl) using a contact angle measuring device (solid-liquid interface analyzer “DropMaster 300” manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) (23 ° C.) was measured. Since the measurement limit of the contact angle is 150 °, the contact angle when this limit is exceeded is set to exceed 150 ° (> 150).

(2) Moisture Permeability Measured by a method according to the JIS (L) 1099A-1 method.

(3) Air volume Obtained using a G-2C Garley type densometer manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. by a method according to JIS (L) 1906: 2000. The measurement limit of the air flow rate was 300 cc / cm ² / sec, and it was determined that the air flow rate when this limit was exceeded exceeded 300 cc / cm ² / sec (> 300).

Test Example 2
The fungus bed cultivation of shiitake mushrooms was carried out as follows using the fungus bed cultivation bags prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples.

First, a commercially available shiitake mushroom bed block was obtained. The obtained fungus bed is the raw material of the shiitake fungus bed made by Tsukiyano Mushroom Garden, and the weight per fungus bed block is about 2.5 kg. , Nutrients (natural materials such as bran and rice bran), and water (water content of the fungus bed is about 63%). After taking out the refrigerated fungus bed block from the packed plastic bag, the fungus bed block was sealed in the fungus bed cultivation bags of Examples and Comparative Examples at room temperature (23 ° C.). In this way, a bag for growing a fungus bed (hereinafter referred to as a tare) containing a fungus bed block was obtained. Eight such tare bags were prepared in each of Examples and Comparative Examples, for a total of 104 bags. For the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, a tare was installed near the window of a room at room temperature of about 18 ° C. in a place not exposed to direct sunlight, and water was regularly supplied to the medium so that the medium would not dry out.

Cultivation was carried out for a total of one month. The first harvest was carried out two weeks after the start of cultivation. Two weeks later, a second harvest was carried out. The sum of the weights of the first and second shiitake mushrooms was taken as the yield. By the way, the yield in Example 1 was 668 g on average per tare.

The yield calculation standard is as follows. In this example, the yield of Example 1 was the highest. Therefore, the yield in Example 1 was taken as 100%, and the value obtained by dividing the yields of Examples 2 and later and Comparative Examples by the yield of Example 1 was defined as the yield in this Example.

Regarding the success or failure in Table 1, those with a yield of shiitake mushrooms of 90% or more in harvestable tare, excluding those in which shiitake mushrooms did not grow or were mixed with rotten ones, were marked with "○" and less than 90%. Was set to "x".

From the above results, the hydrophobic oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm are exposed on the fiber surface of the base material having a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ^2. The value [B / A] obtained by dividing the fixed amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles by the basis weight A (g / m ^{2) of the non-woven fabric is 0.1 to 20%.} By using a fungal bed cultivation bag in which a water-repellent non-woven fabric having a surface contact angle of 150 ° or more with water is applied to the vent, the invasion of various germs into the bag is effectively suppressed, and the yield of the fungi to be cultivated is suppressed. It turns out that can be improved.

Claims (3)

A bag body in which a medium is placed inside the bag body and used for culturing fungi in the bag body in the medium.
(1) The bag body has at least one vent, and the vent is covered with a water-repellent non-woven fabric.
(2) In the water-repellent nonwoven fabric, hydrophobic oxide fine particles are fixed on fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric as a base material.
(3) The contact angle with water on the surface of the water-repellent nonwoven fabric is 140 degrees or more.
(4) The non-woven fabric as the base material has a thickness of 60 to 500 μm and a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² .
(5) The hydrophobic oxide fine particles have an average particle size of 5 to 10 nm, and the fixation amount B (g / m ² ) of the hydrophobic oxide fine particles is the basis weight A (g) of the non-woven fabric used as the base material. A bag for fungal cultivation, characterized in that the value [B / A] divided by / m ^{2) is 0.1 to 20%.} A method for producing fungi, which comprises 1) a step of arranging a medium inside the bag body of the fungus cultivation bag according to claim 1 and 2) a step of culturing the fungi in the bag body. Production method of fungi. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the fungi are cultivated while 1) ventilating the air and 2) suppressing or preventing the invasion of various germs from the outside through the vent.

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