JP6842674B2 - Underwater installation system and underwater installation - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an underwater installation system and an underwater installation object.

In the fishery, aquaculture such as fish and shellfish is cultivated for the purpose of using it for food and industrial products. At the time of aquaculture, artificial structures such as blocks are installed in the sea in order to intentionally lure aquatic organisms to a harbor or the like and capture them (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-107

The present inventors suppress or prevent marine organisms (aquatic organisms) from moving from aquaculture areas or the like and moving to another place when an installation object such as Patent Document 1 is installed on the seabed. We are diligently studying the technology. In the present specification, the above-mentioned structure to be installed underwater is referred to as an underwater installation. Underwater installations are not so high compared to the depth of water such as the sea, and even if aquatic organisms invade the area of the underwater installation, they move upward and then move to another area that is not within the aquaculture area. There is a risk of doing (escape).

Therefore, the present invention provides an underwater installation system and an underwater installation that can prevent or prevent aquatic organisms that have invaded an area formed by an installation that is artificially installed in water from moving upward from the area. With the goal.

Water installation system according to one embodiment of the present invention to achieve the above object, a semi-closed the mounting part is placed on the sea bed, provided continuously from the mounting portion aquatic organisms has provided an advance-entrant opening surrounding portion that forms above the placement portion space, provided及beauty encirclement unit, the underwater installation material comprising a regulating portion for regulating the flow of liquid to between half closed space is connected to the water installation thereof, half It has a gas supply unit that supplies gas to a closed space. The surrounding portion includes a first wall portion extending from the mounting portion toward the water surface, a second wall portion extending at least horizontally from the water surface side end portion of the first wall portion, and a second wall portion. It is provided with a third wall portion that extends from the end opposite to the first wall portion toward the water bottom and forms an opening together with the mounting portion, and the mounting portion has an elongated shape along the water bottom. The regulating portion extends from the first wall portion to the third wall portion in a semi-closed space, and includes a plurality of inner side wall portions provided in the longitudinal direction of the mounting portion, and among the plurality of inner side wall portions. At least one forms a gap with the second wall portion. Further, one aspect of the present invention is an underwater installation object used in the underwater installation system.

Since the underwater installation system and the underwater installation object according to the present invention are configured as described above, it is possible to suppress or prevent aquatic organisms from moving upward from the mounting portion formed on the installation object.

It is a perspective view which shows the fishing port which installed the underwater installation system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the underwater installation object which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which cut the underwater installation object of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the underwater installation object which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which cut the underwater installation object of FIG. It is a figure which shows the semi-closed space of the underwater installation object of FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a semi-closed space in a state where FIG. 7 is tilted. It is a figure which shows the state which the underwater installation object which concerns on a comparative example was tilted in the same manner as FIG.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. The following description does not limit the technical scope and meaning of terms described in the claims. In addition, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratios. Further, in the following, for convenience of explanation, the explanation will be given using the illustrated Cartesian coordinate system. x indicates the depth direction of the underwater installation object described later. y indicates a horizontal direction orthogonal to the depth direction x. z indicates the height direction of the underwater installation object.

1 to 4 are views provided for explaining the underwater installation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The underwater installation system 100 according to the present embodiment installs the underwater installation object 10 near the opening located at the boundary between the bay of the fishing port and the ocean as shown in FIG. 1 for the cultivation of aquaculture organisms such as sea cucumber. .. The underwater installation 10 provides a boundary between the bay of the fishing port and the ocean, and the fishing port can be used as a farming place. For example, when sea cucumbers are cultivated at a farming site, the sea cucumbers are collected by the seedling collector S shown in FIG. In the aquaculture area, in addition to the gabion J, a dome-shaped block BL for growing sea cucumbers and the like is installed, and the sea cucumbers move to the block BL and the like to grow. Then, the following year, the gabion J that was surfaced by the airlift buoy will be towed and the sea cucumber seedlings will be released to the fishing grounds. The underwater installation system 100 according to the present embodiment is used when forming a farming place for sea cucumbers and the like described above.

The underwater installation system 100 according to the present embodiment can be outlined with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 to a mounting portion 20 mounted on the bottom of the water, a surrounding portion 30 forming a semi-closed space 37, and a semi-closed space 37. It has an underwater installation object 10 provided with a regulation unit 40 that regulates the inflow of the liquid. Further, the underwater installation system 100 is connected to the underwater installation object 10 and has a gas supply unit 50 that supplies gas to the semi-closed space 37. The details will be described below.

(Underwater installation)
The underwater installation object 10 is a structure formed of concrete or the like. The mounting portion 20 is provided below the underwater installation object 10 and is mounted on the seabed near an opening such as a fishing port. The mounting portion 20 is configured to have a linear shape in FIG. 2, but if it can be stably installed on the water bottom such as the seabed, the specific shape is not limited to this, and a curved shape or a straight line and a curved line can be used. It may be configured by a shape including. Further, the underwater installation object 10 can be installed on a flat substantially horizontal surface by the mounting portion 20, but is not limited to the above as long as a space not filled with liquid can be formed in the semi-closed space 37. The underwater installation object 10 can be installed not only on a flat substantially horizontal surface but also on an inclined surface or an irregular surface having irregularities on the surface.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the surrounding portion 30 is continuously provided from the mounting portion 20, and forms a semi-closed space 37 provided with an opening 36 through which aquatic organisms can enter above the mounting portion 20. .. The surrounding portion 30 includes a first wall portion 31 extending from the mounting portion 20 toward the water surface, and a second wall portion 32 extending at least in the horizontal direction y from the end portion of the first wall portion 31 on the water surface side. A third wall portion 33 extending from an end portion of the second wall portion 32 opposite to the first wall portion 31 toward the bottom of the water and forming an opening 36 together with the first wall portion 31 is provided. Further, the surrounding portion 30 is located at both ends in the depth direction x where the first wall portion 31, the second wall portion 32, and the third wall portion 33 extend, and includes side wall portions 34 forming the opening 36. ..

The first wall portion 31 is located so as to face the regulating portion 40 in the horizontal direction y of the underwater installation object 10. The wall thickness of the first wall portion 31 is not constant in the height direction z of FIG. 2, but if it is possible to make it difficult for aquatic organisms that have invaded the semi-closed space 37 to escape from the semi-closed space 37, the wall thickness is thick. May be constant.

The second wall portion 32 forms an upper wall surface in the semi-closed space 37 of the underwater installation object 10. Here, in the present specification, the term "extending at least in the horizontal direction" means that the second wall portion 32 "extends at least in the horizontal direction" as long as the semi-closed space 37 can be formed by the surrounding portion 30, and the second wall portion 32 has the horizontal direction y in FIG. It extends to, but is not limited to this. In addition to the above, the second wall portion 32 may extend in a direction obliquely inclined from the upper end of the first wall portion 31.

The third wall portion 33 extends from the end portion of the second wall portion 32 opposite to the first wall portion 31 toward the water bottom, and forms an opening 36 together with the first wall portion 31. Since the third wall portion 33 forms a semi-closed space 37 by the first wall portion 31 and the second wall portion 32, the third wall portion 33 extends from the left end portion of the second wall portion 32 shown in FIG. 3 toward the water bottom. To do. The third wall portion 33 is configured to extend in a direction of approximately 45 degrees diagonally downward to the left from the end portion of the second wall portion 32 in FIG. However, as long as the semi-closed space 37 can be formed, the extending direction is not limited to FIG. 3, and other than the above, for example, it may extend vertically downward in the height direction z.

As shown in FIG. 2, the side wall portion 34 is a wall surface formed at both ends in the depth direction x, and forms an opening 36. In the present embodiment, the side wall portion 34 is formed so as to extend from the end portion of the second wall portion 32 in the depth direction x to the position of the lower end portion of the third wall portion 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the side wall portion 34 is provided with an opening hole 35 for attaching the pipe 52 of the gas supply portion 50, which will be described later.

The semi-closed space 37 is provided with a portion in the surrounding portion 30 where aquatic organisms can invade as an opening 36, and other portions (first wall portion 31, second wall portion 32, third wall portion 33, side wall portion 34). Means a space separated from the surroundings. In the present embodiment, the semi-closed space 37 is configured such that seawater or the like exists up to the boundary B indicated by the alternate long and short dash line shown in FIG. 3, and the upper part thereof is filled with a gas such as air by the gas supply unit 50. ..

The regulating portion 40 is provided on the side opposite to the first wall portion 31 in the horizontal direction y of the mounting portion 20, and regulates the inflow of liquid into the semi-closed space 37. As shown in FIG. 3, the regulating portion 40 includes a wall surface extending from the mounting portion 20 toward the water surface and formed so as to be spaced from the lower end portion of the third wall portion 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the wall surface of the regulating portion 40 extends substantially upward from the end portion of the mounting portion 20 opposite to the end portion to which the first wall portion 21 is connected. In FIG. 3, the upper end portion of the regulating portion 40 is configured to have a height substantially equal to that of the lower end portion of the third wall portion 33 of the surrounding portion 30.

When an ocean current is generated in the horizontal direction y indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sand on the seabed may be rolled up and invade the inside of the semi-closed space 37 of the underwater installation object 10. Regarding this, the regulating unit 40 functions as if it exists as a barrier to the ocean current, so that it is possible to prevent sand and the like from accumulating on the mounting portion 20 from the left side of the third wall portion 33 in FIG. ..

(Gas supply unit)
The gas supply unit 50 is connected to the underwater installation object 10 and supplies gas to the semi-closed space 37. As shown in FIG. 1, the gas supply unit 50 is installed on land near the opening in the fishing port. The gas supply unit 50 includes a generation unit 51 that generates gas to be supplied to the semi-closed space 37, and a pipe 52 that guides the gas generated in the generation unit 51 to the semi-closed space 37.

The generation unit 51 is configured by an air pump in the present embodiment. The air generated in the generation section 51 is guided to the semi-closed space 37 of the underwater installation object 10 via the pipe 52 or the like. The pipe 52 is attached to the opening hole 35 provided in the side wall portion 34. A seal member (not shown) is provided on the pipe 52 to prevent liquids such as seawater from entering the semi-closed space 37 from the surroundings. The pipe 52 is made of SUS or the like having a hollow circular cross section, but the specific structure is not limited to this as long as the gas generated in the generating portion 51 is guided to the semi-closed space 37. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the vicinity of the opening of the fishing port is closed by a plurality of underwater installation objects 10, a check valve (not shown) is attached to the opening holes 35 between the adjacent underwater installation objects 10. As a result, a gas layer made of air or the like is formed in the upper part of the semi-closed space 37, and the sea cucumber or the like is prevented from moving to the upper part and escaping from the aquaculture place.

As described above, the underwater installation system 100 according to the first embodiment is semi-closed with a mounting portion 20 installed on the bottom of the water and an opening 36 provided continuously from the mounting portion 20 and capable of invading aquatic organisms. An underwater installation object 10 provided in a surrounding portion 30 forming a space 37 above the mounting portion 20 and a restricting portion 40 provided in the mounting portion 20 and restricting the inflow of liquid into the semi-closed space 37, and an underwater installation. It has a gas supply unit 50 that is connected to the object 10 and supplies gas to the semi-closed space 37.

Aquatic organisms such as sea cucumbers move only in water and cannot move in a liquid-free space consisting only of air. Therefore, by supplying gas from the gas supply unit 50 to the semi-closed space 37 formed above the mounting unit 20 as described above, a gas layer is formed in the semi-closed space 37, and aquatic organisms such as sea cucumbers are placed on the semi-closed space 37. It is possible to suppress or prevent the movement upward from the placement portion 20. Therefore, by installing the underwater installation system 100 in a place such as the opening of a fishing port, aquatic organisms such as sea cucumbers move upward from the area where the underwater installation object 10 is installed, thereby moving to another area. Can be suppressed or prevented from doing so.

Further, the surrounding portion 30 includes a first wall portion 31 extending from the mounting portion 20 toward the water surface and a second wall portion 31 extending from the end portion of the first wall portion 31 on the water surface side at least in the horizontal direction y. A portion 32 and a third wall portion 33 extending from the opposite end of the second wall portion 32 connected to the first wall portion 31 toward the bottom of the water and forming an opening 36 together with the mounting portion 20. , Equipped with. Further, the regulating portion 40 includes a wall surface extending from the mounting portion 20 toward the water surface and formed so as to be spaced from the third wall portion 33.

Therefore, as described above, when a water flow occurs in the substantially horizontal direction y in water, the liquid flows from the outside of the third wall portion 33, the liquid invades into the semi-closed space 37, and the gas layer 38 decreases or disappears. Can be prevented. Further, the wall surface of the regulating portion 40 can prevent sand and the like from accumulating on the mounting portion 20.

(Second Embodiment)
5 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the underwater installation system according to the second embodiment. Since the configuration of the regulation unit in the underwater installation is particularly different from that of the first embodiment, the regulation unit will be mainly described, and the description of other common configurations such as the gas supply unit will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the underwater installation object 10a according to the second embodiment is provided in a mounting portion 20 installed on the bottom of the water, a surrounding portion 30a forming a semi-closed space 37a, and a half provided in the surrounding portion 30a. A regulation unit 40a that regulates the inflow of liquid into the closed space 37a is provided. Since the mounting portion 20, the first wall portion 31 to the opening hole 35 of the surrounding portion 30a, and the gas supply portion 50 are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, the mounting portion 20 is configured to have a long shape having a uniform cross section in the depth direction x. As shown in FIG. 7, the restricting portion 40a includes inner side wall portions 41 and 42 provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction (corresponding to the depth direction x) of the semi-closed space 37a.

The inner side wall portions 41 and 42 are formed so as to prevent liquids such as seawater from flowing in the depth direction x in the semi-closed space 37a of the surrounding portion 30. In the present embodiment, the inner side wall portions 41 and 42 extend from the first wall portion 31 toward the third wall portion 33 so as to substantially follow the horizontal direction y. However, the extending direction of the inner side wall portion is not limited to the above as long as the flow of the liquid in the semi-closed space 37a can be obstructed. As shown in FIG. 7, the inner side wall portion is the second inner side having a gap 43 formed between the first inner side wall portion 41 whose upper end is connected to the second wall portion 32 and the second wall portion 32. A wall portion 42 is provided.

The first inner side wall portion 41 and the second inner side wall portion 42 form a flow path through which the gas supplied to the semi-closed space 37a by the gas supply portion 50 in the depth direction x flows. As shown in FIG. 7, the first inner side wall portion 41 is formed so that the lower end portion 44 is at a position higher in the height direction z than the lower end portion 45 of the second inner side wall portion 42.

The first inner side wall portion 41 and the second inner side wall portion 42 lose their postures in water as shown in FIG. 8 due to unequal subsidence or the like, so that sea cucumbers or the like that have entered the semi-closed space 37a escape. The flow of the liquid flowing into the semi-closed space 37a is obstructed so as not to occur. The second inner side wall portion 42 having a gap 43 between the first inner side wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 32 is provided at predetermined intervals, and in FIGS. 7 and 8, the second inner side wall portion 42 is provided alternately in the depth direction x. There is.

In the case of the underwater installation object according to the comparative example in which the regulation part is not provided in the semi-closed space, when the attitude of the underwater installation object is tilted due to uneven subsidence as shown in FIG. Etc. easily invade and spread to the higher height, and the gas layer in the semi-closed space easily decreases or disappears.

In the underwater installation object 10a according to the present embodiment, a gap 43 is provided between the second inner side wall portion 42 and the second wall portion 32, and the lower end portion 44 of the first inner side wall portion 41 is the second inner side wall portion. By forming the fluid higher than the lower end 45 of the 42, the fluid flow path is formed in a zigzag manner in the depth direction x. Therefore, even if unequal settlement or the like occurs, as shown in FIG. 8, the first inner side wall portion 41 and the second inner side wall portion 42 suppress the flow of the liquid into the semi-closed space 37a, and the gas layer is reduced or It can be suppressed from disappearing.

As described above, in the underwater installation object 10a according to the second embodiment, the mounting portion 20 is formed in a long shape along the water bottom, and in the semi-closed space 37a, the first wall portion 31 to the third wall portion 33 A plurality of extending inner side wall portions 41, 42 are provided in the longitudinal direction. Of the plurality of inner side wall portions 41 and 42, the inner side wall portion 42 is configured to provide a gap 43 with the second wall portion 32. As a result, even if the underwater installation object 10a is tilted due to uneven settlement or the like and the liquid invades the semi-closed space 37a, the inner side wall portions 41 and 42 suppress the flow of the liquid in the semi-closed space 37a. In particular, since the gap 43 through which the liquid can flow is located between the inner side wall portion 42 and the second wall portion 32, it is possible to make it difficult for seawater and the like to flow into the semi-closed space 37a, and the gas layer in the semi-closed space 37a is reduced. Can be suppressed.

Further, the inner side wall portion 42 is provided alternately with the inner side wall portion 41 in the depth direction x. Therefore, even if the liquid enters the semi-closed space 37a and passes through the gap 43, an inner side wall portion 41 having no gap 43 is arranged next to the liquid, and the liquid easily flows in the longitudinal direction of the semi-closed space 37a. Can be suppressed.

Further, among the inner side wall portions 41 and 42, the inner side wall portion 41 having no gap 43 between the inner side wall portion 41 and 42 has a gap 43 between the inner side wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 32, and is below the inner side wall portion 42 having a gap 43. The lower end 44 is located below the end 45. As a result, even if the liquid exists to a relatively high water depth in the semi-closed space 37a, it is possible to easily prepare a space through which the gas can flow and to make it difficult to reduce the gas layer, and the aquatic organisms move upward. It can be suppressed or prevented.

The present embodiment is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. In the above, in the first embodiment, the underwater installation object 10 includes a regulation portion 40 extending from the mounting portion 20 toward the water surface, and in the second embodiment, the underwater installation object 10a is the first wall portion 31 in the semi-closed space 37a. It was explained that the inner side wall portions 41 and 42 extending from the third wall portion 33 to the third wall portion 33 are provided. However, the present embodiment includes not only this but also the case where both the regulation unit 40 and the regulation unit 40a are provided.

In addition to the above, the case where the underwater installation object and the underwater installation system do not have the regulation unit 40 or the regulation unit 40a (see the appearance of FIG. 5 and the internal structure of FIG. 4) is also included in one embodiment of the present invention. Further, although it has been explained that the opening hole 35 is provided in the side wall portion 34, the opening hole 35 is not limited to this as long as the pipe 52 of the gas supply portion 50 can be attached to form a space in which the semi-closed space 37 is not filled with liquid. In addition to the above, the opening hole 35 may be provided in at least one of the first wall portion 31, the second wall portion 32, or the third wall portion 33.

10 Underwater installation,
20 Mounting part,
30 siege,
31 First wall,
32 Second wall,
33 Third wall,
36 openings,
37 Semi-closed space,
38 air layer,
40 Regulatory Department,
41 First inner side wall,
42 Second inner side wall,
50 Gas supply unit,
100 Underwater installation system.

Claims (4)

Placement part placed on the bottom of the water,
Surrounding portion that forms between the semi-closed space provided aquatic organisms has provided an advance-entrant opening continuously from the mounting section above the mounting section, and
Provided in front Symbol enclosure, underwater installation material comprising a regulating portion for regulating the flow of liquid in the to between half closed space,
It has a gas supply unit that is connected to the underwater installation object and supplies gas to the semi-closed space.
The surrounding portion includes a first wall portion extending from the above-mentioned resting portion toward the water surface, and a first wall portion.
A second wall portion extending at least in the horizontal direction from the water surface side end portion of the first wall portion,
A third wall portion extending from an end portion of the second wall portion opposite to the first wall portion toward the bottom of the water and forming the opening together with the above-mentioned placement portion is provided.
The above-mentioned rest is formed in a long shape along the bottom of the water.
The restricting portion extends from the first wall portion to the third wall portion in the semi-closed space, and includes a plurality of inner side wall portions provided in the longitudinal direction of the above-mentioned mounting portion.
An underwater installation system in which at least one of the plurality of inner side wall portions forms a gap with the second wall portion. The underwater installation system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of inner side wall portions form the gap between the inner side wall portion and the second wall portion at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. Of the plurality of inner side wall portions, the inner side wall portion adjacent in the longitudinal direction is between the second wall portion and the inner side wall portion having a gap formed between the inner side wall portion and the second wall portion. The underwater installation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner side wall portion without a gap has a lower end portion located lower in the installed state. Pre-described place to be placed on the bottom of the water,
The surrounding portion of aquatic organisms in water provided continuously from the mounting section to form between the semi-closed space provided with the opening which can enter, and pre Kitsutsumi provided circumference portion, the to between half closed space An underwater installation object used in the underwater installation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the regulation unit that regulates the inflow of the liquid.