JP6837819B2 - Underwater detector - Google Patents

Description

The present invention mainly relates to an underwater detection device provided with a mechanism for applying a braking force.

Patent Document 1 discloses a braking mechanism that applies a braking force to a shaft. The brake mechanism of Patent Document 1 includes a rolling bearing, a one-way clutch, and a sliding bearing. Rolling bearings rotatably support the shaft. The one-way clutch is provided on the outer circumference of the shaft. The sliding bearing is fitted in the housing so as to contact the outer peripheral surfaces of both the rolling bearing and the one-way clutch.

With this configuration, when the shaft rotates in one direction, the one-way clutch does not transmit the rotational torque of the shaft and the shaft spins, so that no braking force is applied to the shaft. On the other hand, when the shaft rotates in the other direction, the one-way clutch transmits the rotational torque of the shaft, so that the one-way clutch and the shaft rotate integrally. Therefore, the shaft receives the frictional force generated between the sliding bearing and the housing via the one-way clutch. As a result, braking force is applied to the shaft.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-42465

However, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to arrange the sliding bearing on the outer side of the rolling bearing, the brake mechanism becomes large and complicated. Further, when the shaft is rotated against the braking force, the contact portion between the sliding bearing and the housing is rubbed, so that the wear resistance tends to be low. Further, Patent Document 1 does not describe that the brake mechanism is applied to an underwater detection device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object thereof is to provide an underwater detection device that applies braking force in a simple and wear-resistant configuration.

Means and effects to solve problems

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and next, the means for solving this problem and its effect will be described.

According to the viewpoint of the present invention, an underwater detector having the following configuration is provided. That is, this underwater detector includes a transmitter / receiver, a brake mechanism, a drive source, and a drive mechanism. The transmitter / receiver transmits ultrasonic waves into water and receives ultrasonic waves from underwater. The driving source generates a driving force. The drive mechanism includes a shaft, and by transmitting the drive force generated by the drive source, the transmitter / receiver is linearly moved and receives the braking force generated by the brake mechanism. The brake mechanism includes a rolling bearing and a pressurization portion. The rolling bearing rotatably supports a shaft located inside. The pressurization section applies preload to the rolling bearing in the thrust direction. When the pressurization portion applies pressurization to the rolling bearing, the rolling bearing has rotational resistance, and braking force due to the rotational resistance is applied to the shaft.

As a result, the configuration can be simplified as compared with a mechanism that generates a braking force by arranging the sliding bearing on the outside of the rolling bearing. Further, even when the shaft is rotated while the braking force is applied, the ball or roller of the rolling bearing rotates, so that a configuration having excellent wear resistance can be realized. In addition, wear resistance is important for underwater detectors because the transmitter and receiver are often moved in and out multiple times in one voyage, and wear resistance is important for underwater detectors because it is difficult to replace parts. Is. Therefore, the effect of being excellent in wear resistance can be effectively exhibited.

The block diagram which shows the electrical and mechanical structure of the underwater detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. Side view of the drive device and the transmitter / receiver. The cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the drive mechanism and the brake mechanism.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical and mechanical configuration of the underwater detector 10. In the following description, the upward and downward directions in the vertical direction may be simply referred to as "upward" and "downward". Further, in the following description, terms such as "parallel" and "match" include not only the concept of completely parallel and coincidence but also the concept of substantially parallel and substantially match.

First, an outline of the underwater detection device 10 will be described. The underwater detection device 10 transmits ultrasonic waves to a predetermined range in water (for example, 360 degrees in the directional direction) and receives an echo signal which is a reflected wave of the ultrasonic waves. The underwater detection device 10 generates and displays an underwater detection image showing a school of fish, the seabed, and the like based on this echo signal.

As shown in FIG. 1, the underwater detection device 10 includes a control device 11, a transmission / reception device 12, a transmitter / receiver 13, a drive device 14, a display unit 17, and an operation unit 18.

The control device 11 includes an arithmetic unit such as an FPGA, an ASIC, or a CPU, and a storage device such as a RAM. The arithmetic unit is configured to be able to execute various processes related to the underwater detection device 10 (for example, control of timing and amplitude of generating ultrasonic waves) by executing a program created in advance. The storage device temporarily stores the echo signal obtained by detecting underwater.

The transmission / reception device 12 includes a transmission circuit and a reception circuit. The transmission circuit generates a transmission signal to be transmitted to the outside based on an instruction from the control device 11 and outputs the transmission signal to the transmitter / receiver 13. The receiving circuit performs processing such as amplification and A / D conversion on the echo signal received by the transmitter / receiver 13 and outputs the echo signal to the control device 11.

The transmitter / receiver 13 transmits ultrasonic waves into the water based on the transmission signal input from the transmitter / receiver 12. The transmitter / receiver 13 includes a plurality of oscillators, and can simultaneously transmit ultrasonic waves in a predetermined azimuth range. The ultrasonic waves transmitted by the transmitter / receiver 13 have, for example, a ring shape in a plan view, and travel so as to spread radially. Further, the oscillator of the transmitter / receiver 13 receives the reflected wave reflected by the fish or the seabed of the ultrasonic wave as an echo signal.

Further, the transmitter / receiver 13 is attached to the bottom of the ship or the like. The transmitter / receiver 13 is configured to be linearly movable in the vertical direction. With this configuration, when the ship is moving, the transmitter / receiver 13 is stored above the bottom of the ship to reduce the resistance of water. On the other hand, when the underwater detector 10 is used, ultrasonic waves can be transmitted in various directions by projecting the transmitter / receiver 13 downward from the bottom of the ship.

The directional direction detected by the underwater detection device 10 is not limited to all directions, and may be configured to continue to detect only a set directional range (for example, 180 degrees forward). Further, the underwater detection device 10 transmits ultrasonic waves only in a predetermined direction, not in an omnidirectional range, and gradually changes the direction in which the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to perform detection (PPI sonar, search light sonar). It may be.

The drive device 14 is mechanically connected to the transmitter / receiver 13 and moves the transmitter / receiver 13 in the vertical direction. Specifically, the drive device 14 includes a drive motor 20, a drive mechanism 30, and a brake mechanism 40. The drive motor 20 generates a driving force for driving the transmitter / receiver 13. The drive mechanism 30 transmits the driving force generated by the drive motor 20 to the transmitter / receiver 13 to move the transmitter / receiver 13 in the vertical direction. The brake mechanism 40 is mechanically connected to the drive mechanism 30 and applies a braking force to the downward movement of the transmitter / receiver 13. The detailed structure of the drive device 14 will be described later.

The echo signal received by the transmitter / receiver 13 is processed by the transmitter / receiver 12 and then output to the control device 11. The control device 11 generates an underwater detection image based on this echo signal. Specifically, the control device 11 acquires the direction of the target according to the direction in which the echo signal is transmitted, and the distance from the own ship based on the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the echo signal. Is obtained, and the signal level at the time of drawing the target is determined based on the amplitude of the echo signal. By performing this process in all directions (detection directions), an underwater detection image is generated. The underwater detection image generated by the control device 11 is displayed on the display unit 17.

The operation unit 18 is for the operator to give an instruction or a setting regarding the underwater detection device 10. For example, when the operator operates the operation unit 18 to instruct the transmitter / receiver 13 to rise, the control device 11 generates an instruction signal for rotating the drive motor 20 in a predetermined direction and drives the drive motor 20 via the transmission / reception device 12. Output to the motor 20. As a result, the drive motor 20 rotates in a predetermined direction, and the driving force thereof is transmitted via the drive mechanism 30, so that the transmitter / receiver 13 rises.

Next, the details of the drive device 14 for moving the transmitter / receiver 13 in the vertical direction will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a side view of the drive device 14 and the transmitter / receiver 13. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the drive mechanism 30 and the brake mechanism 40. In the description of FIGS. 2 and 3, hatching is omitted for shafts, gears, nuts, and the like, which are general mechanical elements.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drive mechanism 30 includes a shaft 31, a first gear 32, a second gear 33, a ball screw 34, and a movable shaft 35.

As shown in FIG. 3, a first gear 32 is attached to the shaft 31. The shaft 31 and the first gear 32 are configured to rotate integrally. The driving force generated by the driving motor 20 is transmitted to the first gear 32. Further, the second gear 33 is meshed with the first gear 32, and the driving force transmitted to the first gear 32 is transmitted to the second gear 33.

The second gear 33 rotates together with the first gear 32 by meshing with the first gear 32. The gear diameter of the first gear 32 is smaller than the gear diameter of the second gear 33. Further, the second gear 33 transmits the driving force transmitted from the first gear 32 to the ball screw 34.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ball screw 34 includes a screw shaft 34a and a movable portion 34b. A second gear 33 is attached to the screw shaft 34a, and is configured to rotate integrally with the second gear 33. The movable portion 34b is configured to have a nut or the like, and the movable portion 34b moves in the vertical direction by rotating the screw shaft 34a. As shown in FIG. 2, a movable shaft 35 is connected to the movable portion 34b. A transmitter / receiver 13 is connected to the lower end of the movable shaft 35. The shaft 31, the screw shaft 34a, and the movable shaft 35 are arranged so that their axial directions are parallel to each other.

With the above configuration, by rotating the drive motor 20 in a predetermined direction, the first gear 32, the second gear 33, and the screw shaft 34a are rotated, and the movable portion 34b and the movable shaft 35 are moved downward. As a result, the transmitter / receiver 13 can be lowered so as to protrude below the bottom 100 (see FIG. 2). The direction of rotation of the shaft 31 when lowering the transmitter / receiver 13 is referred to as a first direction. On the other hand, by rotating the drive motor 20 in the reverse direction and rotating the shaft 31 in the direction opposite to the first direction (hereinafter, the second direction), the transmitter / receiver 13 can be raised and accommodated above the bottom 100 of the ship. it can.

As shown in FIG. 1, the transmitter / receiver 12 and the transmitter / receiver 13 are electrically connected to each other, and a transmission signal, an echo signal, or the like is exchanged. The cable 71 shown in FIG. 2 electrically connects the transmitter / receiver 12 and the transmitter / receiver 13. The cable 71 is held by an elevating portion that moves up and down together with the transmitter / receiver 13 and a fixed portion that does not move up and down even if the transmitter / receiver 13 moves up and down. Therefore, the cable 71 is held in the elevating portion and the fixed portion in a loosened state.

As shown in FIG. 3, the brake mechanism 40 includes a first rolling bearing 41, a second rolling bearing 42, a one-way clutch 43, an outer cylinder portion 44, and a preload applying portion 45.

The first rolling bearing 41 rotatably supports the shaft 31 arranged inside. The first rolling bearing 41 includes an inner ring 41a, a ball 41b, and an outer ring 41c. The first rolling bearing 41 has a predetermined contact angle that is not 0 degrees, which is an angle formed by a virtual straight line connecting the contact point between the inner ring 41a and the ball 41b and the contact point between the outer ring 41c and the ball 41b with respect to the radial direction. It is the value of. Specifically, this virtual straight line is inclined downward toward the outside in the radial direction. The first rolling bearing 41 is an angular ball bearing. The first rolling bearing 41 is arranged so that the thrust direction coincides with the vertical direction.

The second rolling bearing 42 is arranged side by side in the thrust direction with respect to the first rolling bearing 41. The second rolling bearing 42 is arranged below the first rolling bearing 41 via a contact member 52. The second rolling bearing 42 is an angular ball bearing that includes an inner ring 42a, a ball 42b, and an outer ring 42c, and rotatably supports a shaft 31 arranged inside, like the first rolling bearing 41. By reversing the virtual straight line of the first rolling bearing 41 with reference to the radial direction, the virtual straight line of the second rolling bearing 42 is obtained.

The one-way clutch 43 is arranged between the shaft 31 and the first rolling bearing 41 (second rolling bearing 42). When the shaft 31 rotates in the first direction, the one-way clutch 43 rotates integrally with the shaft 31 by transmitting rotational torque from the shaft 31. On the other hand, in the one-way clutch 43, when the shaft 31 rotates in the second direction, the rotational torque is not transmitted from the shaft 31 to the one-way clutch 43, so that the shaft 31 idles (the shaft 31 rotates relative to the one-way clutch 43). ).

The outer tubular portion 44 is arranged so as to cover the outer ring 41c of the first rolling bearing 41 and the outer ring 42c of the second rolling bearing 42.

The preload applying unit 45 applies a braking force to the shaft 31 by applying a preload to the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42 in the thrust direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the preload applying portion 45 includes an inner cylinder portion 51, a contact member 52, a spring 53, a first spring connecting member 54, a second spring connecting member 55, and a nut (adjusting portion) 56. And.

The inner cylinder portion 51 is located outside the shaft 31 and the one-way clutch 43, and is arranged inside the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42. Specifically, the inner surface of the inner cylinder portion 51 contacts the one-way clutch 43, and the outer surface contacts the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42. Further, a frictional force is generated between the one-way clutch 43 and the inner cylinder portion 51 so as not to rotate relative to each other. Similarly, a frictional force of not more than a relative rotation is generated between the inner cylinder portion 51 and the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42. With this configuration, when the shaft 31 rotates integrally with the one-way clutch 43, the inner cylinder portion 51, the inner ring 41a, the ball 41b, the inner ring 42a, and the ball 42b also rotate integrally.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner tubular portion 51 has a flange portion 51a, a base portion 51b, and a threaded groove portion 51c. The flange portion 51a is formed at the upper end of the inner cylinder portion 51, and is a portion whose outer shape is larger in the radial direction. The flange portion 51a is in contact with the inner ring 41a of the first rolling bearing 41. The base portion 51b is a portion located between the flange portion 51a and the thread groove portion 51c. The thread groove portion 51c is a portion in which a thread groove is formed on the outer surface. A nut 56 is attached to the thread groove portion 51c. The first rolling bearing 41, the second rolling bearing 42, the spring 53, the first spring connecting member 54, and the second spring connecting member 55 are slidably arranged in the inner cylinder portion 51 in the thrust direction. ..

The contact member 52 is arranged between the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42. The contact member 52 is in contact with both the outer ring 41c of the first rolling bearing 41 and the outer ring 42c of the second rolling bearing 42.

The spring 53 is a compression spring, and is arranged so as to be sandwiched (and in contact with) between the first spring connecting member 54 and the second spring connecting member 55 in the thrust direction. The first spring connecting member 54 is arranged so as to come into contact with the lower end portion of the second rolling bearing 42 (particularly the inner ring 42a). Further, the second spring connecting member 55 is arranged so as to come into contact with the upper end portion of the nut 56.

With the above configuration, the spring 53 is compressed by tightening the nut 56 and moving it upward. The urging force associated with the compression of the spring 53 presses the second rolling bearing 42 (particularly the inner ring 42a) upward via the first spring connecting member 54. This urging force is also transmitted to the first rolling bearing 41 via the contact member 52. Further, the first rolling bearing 41 (particularly the inner ring 41a) is restricted from moving upward by the flange portion 51a. As a result, a downward force is applied to the inner ring 41a and the outer ring 42c, and an upward force is applied to the outer ring 41c and the inner ring 42a. With the above configuration, preload can be applied in the direction of reducing the internal clearance of the thrust of the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42.

Here, the preload is generally performed for the purpose of making the shaft positioning accurate by reducing the internal clearance of the thrust, increasing the rigidity of the bearing, preventing abnormal noise due to resonance, and the like. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the rotational resistance of the balls 41b and 42b is increased by applying a preload larger than the preload generally applied to the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42. The purpose of preloading is to make the shaft 31 difficult to rotate (give a braking force to the shaft 31).

More specifically, when the shaft 31 is rotated in the first direction, the shaft 31, the one-way clutch 43, the inner cylinder portion 51, the inner ring 41a, the ball 41b, the inner ring 42a, and the ball 42b are also rotated integrally. However, since the preload applying portion 45 applies an excessive preload to the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42, rotational resistance is generated in the rotation of the balls 41b and the balls 42b. Therefore, when the shaft 31 is rotated in the first direction, a braking force is applied to the shaft 31.

Here, by rotating the shaft 31 in the first direction with a torque equal to or higher than a predetermined value, a force larger than the rotational resistance is applied to rotate the balls 41b and 42b, so that the shaft 31 can be rotated. As a result, the transmitter / receiver 13 can be lowered via the first gear 32, the second gear 33, the ball screw 34, and the movable shaft 35. In the present embodiment, since the brake mechanism 40 aims to prevent the transmitter / receiver 13 from falling due to its own weight, the braking force applied to the shaft 31 is larger than the force at which the transmitter / receiver 13 falls due to its own weight. It is preferably about slightly strong (for example, 1.1 times or more and 2 times or less the force of falling due to its own weight). Therefore, if the screw shaft 34a or the like has a handle for manual operation, the operator can manually lower the transmitter / receiver 13.

Further, when an electromagnetic brake is used to prevent the transmitter / receiver 13 from falling due to its own weight, the resistance tends to increase. Therefore, by moving the transmitter / receiver 13 against the resistance, the brake mechanism or the drive mechanism is worn. It becomes easier to do. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, even when the shaft 31 is rotated in the first direction, the balls 41b and 42b only rotate, and the balls 41b and 42b are hard to wear, so that they are wear resistant. A brake mechanism 40 having excellent properties can be realized.

In particular, in the present embodiment, the gear diameter of the second gear 33 is larger than the gear diameter of the first gear 32, in other words, even when the first gear 32 makes one rotation, the rotation amount of the second gear 33 is large. Less than one revolution. Therefore, the braking force applied to the shaft 31 can be increased and transmitted to the screw shaft 34a. As a result, the required amount of braking force is realized while suppressing the preload force applied to the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42 (that is, while further extending the life of the first rolling bearing 41 and the like). be able to.

On the other hand, when the shaft 31 is rotated in the second direction, the one-way clutch 43 does not rotate even if the shaft 31 rotates, so that the braking force of the brake mechanism 40 is not applied to the shaft 31. As a result, the transmitter / receiver 13 can be raised without the brake mechanism 40 lowering the driving force generated by the drive motor 20. As described above, since the braking force of the brake mechanism 40 is not applied, the operator can manually raise the transmitter / receiver 13 if the screw shaft 34a or the like has a handle for manual operation.

As described above, in the present embodiment, both the rotation of the shaft 31 in the first direction and the rotation in the second direction are assumed, and the braking force is applied only when the shaft 31 is rotated in the first direction.

With the passage of time, it is conceivable that the force of the preload applied by the preload applying unit 45 decreases due to the loosening of each member constituting the brake mechanism 40. Alternatively, by replacing the ball screw 34, the transmitter / receiver 13, or the like, it is conceivable that the falling force changes due to the weight of the transmitter / receiver 13. In consideration of the above, the brake mechanism 40 of the present embodiment includes a nut 56 as an adjusting unit for changing the preload force applied to the first rolling bearing 41 and the second rolling bearing 42.

When increasing the preload force to increase the braking force, the nut 56 is rotated to move it upward. As a result, the amount of compression of the spring 53 is increased and the urging force is increased, so that the preloading force is increased. On the other hand, when the preload force is reduced to reduce the braking force, the nut 56 is rotated to move it downward. As a result, the amount of compression of the spring 53 is reduced, and the urging force is reduced, so that the preloading force is reduced. By changing the position of the nut 56 in this way, the braking force applied to the shaft 31 can be adjusted.

As described above, the underwater detection device 10 of the above embodiment includes a transmitter / receiver 13, a rolling bearing (first rolling bearing 41 and a second rolling bearing 42, the same applies hereinafter), a preload applying portion 45, and a drive. A motor 20 and a drive mechanism 30 are provided. The transmitter / receiver 13 transmits ultrasonic waves into water and receives ultrasonic waves from underwater. The rolling bearing rotatably supports the shaft 31 arranged inside. The preload applying unit 45 applies a preload to the rolling bearing in the thrust direction to give the rolling bearing a rotational resistance and apply a braking force to the shaft 31. The drive motor 20 generates a driving force. The drive mechanism 30 linearly moves the transmitter / receiver 13 by transmitting the driving force generated by the drive motor 20, and also receives the braking force generated by the preload applying unit 45.

As a result, the configuration can be simplified as compared with a mechanism that generates a braking force by arranging the sliding bearing on the outside of the rolling bearing. Further, even when the shaft 31 is rotated while the braking force is applied, the ball or roller of the rolling bearing rotates, so that the brake mechanism 40 having excellent wear resistance can be realized. Further, in the underwater detector 10, wear resistance is important because the transmitter / receiver 13 is often moved in and out a plurality of times in one voyage, and further, the underwater detector is wear resistant because it is difficult to replace parts. is important. Therefore, the effect of being excellent in wear resistance can be effectively exhibited.

Further, in the underwater detection device 10 of the above embodiment, the preload applying portion 45 has a nut 56 that adjusts the magnitude of the braking force by changing the magnitude of the preload applied to the rolling bearing.

Thereby, the magnitude of the braking force applied to the shaft 31 can be adjusted. Further, even when the magnitude of the preload applied by the preload applying unit 45 changes due to the passage of time or the like, it can be adjusted so that the preload of the same magnitude as before is applied.

Further, the underwater detection device 10 of the above embodiment includes a one-way clutch 43 arranged between the shaft 31 and the rolling bearing. The one-way clutch 43 rotates integrally with the shaft when the shaft 31 rotates in the first direction, and idles the shaft 31 when the shaft 31 rotates in the second direction.

As a result, it is possible to realize a configuration in which the braking force is applied only when the shaft 31 rotates in one direction (first direction), and no braking force is applied when the shaft 31 rotates in the other direction.

Further, in the underwater detector 10 of the above embodiment, the transmitter / receiver 13 moves vertically upward and downward by the driving force generated by the drive motor 20.

As a result, when the transmitter / receiver 13 moves in the vertical direction, there is a force to drop due to the weight of the transmitter / receiver 13, so it is necessary to move the transmitter / receiver 13 upward and downward. Power is different. In this respect, by applying the braking force only to the downward movement as described above, the necessary force can be balanced.

Further, the underwater detection device 10 of the above embodiment includes a ball screw 34 that moves the transmitter / receiver 13 vertically upward and downward by rotating with a driving force generated by the drive motor 20. The brake mechanism 40 generates a braking force stronger than the force by which the transmitter / receiver 13 falls under its own weight.

As a result, it is possible to prevent the transmitter / receiver 13 from falling due to its own weight by a mechanical configuration, so that the transmitter / receiver 13 can be prevented from falling even when the power is not turned on. Further, even when the transmitter / receiver 13 is lowered while the power is not turned on, the load on the drive device 14 can be reduced because the balls 41b and 42b only rotate.

Further, in the underwater detection device 10 of the above embodiment, the drive mechanism 30 has a first gear and a second gear that transmit the driving force generated by the drive motor 20 to the transmitter / receiver 13. The first gear rotates integrally with the shaft 31. The second gear meshes with the first gear and transmits the driving force transmitted via the first gear toward the transmitter / receiver 13. The gear diameter of the first gear is smaller than the gear diameter of the second gear.

Thereby, by adopting the above gear ratio, the braking force received by the drive mechanism 30 can be increased.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above configuration can be changed as follows, for example.

In the above embodiment, an angular ball bearing is used as the rolling bearing, but another rolling bearing can be used as long as a configuration in which rotational resistance is generated by applying a preload in the thrust direction. For example, a ball bearing other than the angular ball bearing may be used, or a roller bearing (for example, a conical roller bearing) may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, two rolling bearings are used as a set, but the number of rolling bearings to which the preload is applied may be one or three or more.

In the above embodiment, the preload is applied by using the spring 53 and the nut 56, but the preload may be applied by using another elastic member. Further, when a spring is used, the constant pressure preload is such that the magnitude of the preload is substantially constant even if the position of the rolling bearing changes, but a fixed position preload can also be used. Examples of the fixed position preload include a configuration in which the nut 56 directly presses the rolling bearing without using the spring 53. The method and configuration for applying the preload are arbitrary, and although it is possible to apply the preload with a solenoid actuator, a cylinder, or the like, it is preferable to apply the preload by a mechanical method. By applying the preload by a mechanical method, the preload is maintained even when the power is not turned on, so that the braking force applied to the shaft 31 can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, the shaft 31 to which the braking force is applied and the ball screw 34 are different shafts, but these two shafts can be the same shaft. For example, the screw shaft 34a can be omitted by extending the shaft 31 downward to provide a screw groove. Further, in the above embodiment, the axial direction of the shaft 31 is the same as the vertical direction, but the axial direction of the shaft 31 may be inclined (for example, vertical) with respect to the vertical direction.

In the above embodiment, the one-way clutch 43 is provided to apply the braking force to only one of the rotation directions of the shaft 31, but the one-way clutch 43 may be omitted. In this case, braking force is applied regardless of the direction in which the shaft 31 is rotated. Further, in the above embodiment, the braking force is applied only when the transmitter / receiver 13 is lowered, but the braking force may be applied only when the transmitter / receiver 13 is raised.

In the above embodiment, the transmitter / receiver 13 is moved upward and downward in the vertical direction, but the transmitter / receiver 13 is moved in another direction (for example, a direction inclined with respect to the vertical direction). Is also good.

In the above embodiment, the drive motor 20 has been described as an example of the drive source, but another drive source (for example, an engine) may be used instead of the motor depending on the device to which the brake mechanism is applied.

In the above embodiment, the gear diameter of the first gear 32 is smaller than the gear diameter of the second gear 33, but the gear diameters of the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 are adjusted according to the required braking force. It may be the same, or the gear diameter of the first gear 32 may be larger than the gear diameter of the second gear 33.

In the above embodiment, in consideration of manually operating the transmitter / receiver 13, a force slightly larger than the force of falling due to the weight of the transmitter / receiver 13 is set as the braking force, but in cases where manual operation is not assumed, etc. May use a force considerably larger than the force of falling due to the weight of the transmitter / receiver 13 as the braking force. Further, when another braking mechanism is further provided, a force smaller than the falling force due to the weight of the transmitter / receiver 13 may be used as the braking force.

In the above embodiment, the rotary motion generated by the drive motor 20 is converted into a linear motion by the ball screw 34, but the rotary motion may be converted into a linear motion by another mechanism (for example, a rack and pinion mechanism).

In the above embodiment, an example in which the drive device 14 and the brake mechanism 40 having the above configuration are applied to the underwater detection device 10 has been described, but the drive device 14 and the brake mechanism 40 correspond to a driven object (corresponding to the transmitter / receiver 13). ) Can also be applied to another device. In this case, the configuration in which the braking force is applied regardless of the direction in which the shaft 31 is rotated can be adopted in a device in which the driven object is not driven unless a force equal to or higher than a predetermined value is applied. Further, the configuration is not limited to the configuration in which the driven object is linearly moved, and for example, the configuration in which the driven object is rotated may be used. Further, in the case of the configuration in which the driven object is rotated, the driven object may be rotated in only one direction, or may be rotated in both one direction and the other direction.

10 Underwater detector 13 Transmitter / receiver 14 Drive device 20 Drive motor (drive source)
30 Drive mechanism 31 Shaft 32 1st gear 33 2nd gear 34 Ball screw 35 Movable shaft 40 Brake mechanism 41 1st rolling bearing (rolling bearing)
42 Second rolling bearing (rolling bearing)
43 One-way clutch 44 Outer cylinder 45 Preload application 51 Inner cylinder 52 Contact member 53 Spring 54 1st spring connecting member 55 2nd spring connecting member 56 Nut (adjustment part)

Claims (7)

A transmitter / receiver that transmits ultrasonic waves into the water and receives ultrasonic waves from the water,
A braking mechanism that generates braking force and
The driving source that generates the driving force and
A drive mechanism including a shaft that linearly moves the transmitter / receiver by transmitting the driving force generated by the drive source and receives the braking force generated by the brake mechanism.
With
The brake mechanism
A rolling bearing that rotatably supports the shaft arranged inside,
A preload applying portion that applies preload to the rolling bearing in the thrust direction,
With
Underwater, wherein the pressurizing portion applies a pressurization to the rolling bearing, so that the rolling bearing has a rotational resistance and a braking force due to the rotational resistance is applied to the shaft. Detecting device. The underwater detection device according to claim 1.
The underwater detection device includes an adjusting unit for adjusting the magnitude of braking force by changing the magnitude of preload applied to the rolling bearing. The underwater detection device according to claim 1 or 2.
A one-way clutch arranged between the shaft and the rolling bearing
An underwater detection device characterized in that when the shaft rotates in one direction, it rotates integrally with the shaft, and when the shaft rotates in the other direction, the shaft spins idly. The underwater detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The underwater detector is an underwater detector that moves vertically upward and downward by a driving force generated by the driving source. The underwater detection device according to claim 3.
The transmitter / receiver moves vertically upward and downward by the driving force generated by the driving source.
The one-way clutch is characterized in that it rotates integrally with the shaft when the transmitter / receiver moves downward in the vertical direction, and idles the shaft when the transmitter / receiver moves upward in the vertical direction. Underwater detector. The underwater detection device according to claim 4 or 5.
The drive mechanism includes a ball screw that moves the transmitter / receiver vertically upward and downward by rotating with a driving force generated by the drive source.
The preload applying unit is an underwater detection device characterized in that the transmitter / receiver generates a braking force stronger than a force of falling by its own weight. The underwater detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The drive mechanism has a first gear and a second gear that transmit the driving force generated by the drive source to the transmitter / receiver.
The first gear rotates integrally with the shaft and
The second gear meshes with the first gear and transmits the driving force transmitted through the first gear toward the transmitter / receiver.
An underwater detection device characterized in that the gear diameter of the first gear is smaller than the gear diameter of the second gear.

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