JP6835518B2 - ガスタービン用の燃料−空気予混合器 - Google Patents
ガスタービン用の燃料−空気予混合器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6835518B2 JP6835518B2 JP2016190478A JP2016190478A JP6835518B2 JP 6835518 B2 JP6835518 B2 JP 6835518B2 JP 2016190478 A JP2016190478 A JP 2016190478A JP 2016190478 A JP2016190478 A JP 2016190478A JP 6835518 B2 JP6835518 B2 JP 6835518B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 159
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013440 design planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
- F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/222—Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
- F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
- F23D11/107—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet at least one of both being subjected to a swirling motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
- F23D11/383—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor with swirl means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
- F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
- F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/14—Preswirling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07001—Air swirling vanes incorporating fuel injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
- F23D2900/14021—Premixing burners with swirling or vortices creating means for fuel or air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
Description
[実施態様1]
第1のロータ(54)及び第2のロータ(56)を含む二重逆回転スワーラ(50)であって、前記第1のロータ(54)及び前記第2のロータ(56)が、シャフト(53)の周りをスピンするように構成され、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)が、空気(34)の流れを下流方向(74)に向けるように構成される、二重逆回転スワーラ(50)と、
前記シャフト(53)を介して前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)に結合された中心本体(52)であって、前記中心本体(52)が、前記中心本体(52)の表面(72)上の第1の燃料オリフィス(70)を含み、前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)が、燃料−空気混合物(38)を作り出すために、前記空気(34)の流れの中に燃料(36)を注入するように構成され、前記中心本体(52)が、使用中にリサーキュレーションポケット(108)の形成を低減又は排除するように構成されたエーロフォイル形状を含む、中心本体(52)と、
を含む、ガスタービン(10)用の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様2]
前記燃料−空気混合物(38)は、燃焼器(18)が受け取るように構成される、実施態様1に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様3]
前記中心本体(52)の前記エーロフォイル形状は、前記燃焼器(18)内の自己着火及び保炎の一方又は双方を防止するように構成される、実施態様2に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様4]
前記燃焼器(18)は、25パーツパーミリオン(ppm)よりも低いNOx濃度を含む排気ガス(24)を放出するように構成される、実施態様2に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様5]
前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)は、涙形状を含む、実施態様1に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様6]
前記中心本体(52)と前記燃料−空気混合物(38)の間には、使用中にリサーキュレーションポケット(108)が形成されない、実施態様1に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様7]
前記エーロフォイル形状は、前縁(92)及び後縁(94)を含み、前記前縁(92)は、前記後縁(94)の上流である、実施態様1に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様8]
前記中心本体(52)の直径(98、102)は、前記前縁(92)から前記後縁(94)にかけて移るときに、増加し次いで減少する、実施態様7に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様9]
前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)は、前記後縁(94)よりも前記前縁(92)の近くに位置決めされる、実施態様7に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様10]
スワーラ(50)に結合され、上側の表面(104)と、下側の表面(106)と、前縁(92)と、後縁(94)と、を有する断面(100)を含むエーロフォイル形状の中心本体(52)であって、前記前縁(92)が、燃料−空気混合物(38)の流れに関して前記後縁(94)の上流であり、前記燃料−空気混合物(38)が、前記上側の表面(104)及び前記下側の表面(106)に実質上適合するように構成されて、使用中にリサーキュレーションポケット(108)を欠くことになる、エーロフォイル形状の中心本体(52)、
を含む、ガスタービン(10)用の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様11]
前記燃料−空気混合物(38)は、燃焼器(18)が受け取るように構成される、実施態様10に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様12]
前記中心本体(52)の前記エーロフォイル形状は、前記燃焼器(18)内の自己着火及び保炎の一方又は双方を防止するように構成される、実施態様11に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様13]
前記燃焼器(18)は、25パーツパーミリオン(ppm)よりも低いNOx濃度を含む排気ガス(24)を放出するように構成される、実施態様11に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様14]
前記エーロフォイル形状の中心本体(52)の厚さは、前記断面(120)に沿って前記前縁(92)から前記後縁(94)にかけて変化する、実施態様10に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様15]
前記エーロフォイル形状の中心本体(52)は、燃料(36)を空気(34)と混合して前記燃料−空気混合物(38)を形成するように構成された燃料オリフィス(70)を含む、実施態様10に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
[実施態様16]
圧縮機(26)を用いて空気(34)の流れを圧縮することと、
エーロフォイル中心本体(52)を有する予混合器(12)内で前記空気(34)の流れを燃料(36)と予混合することと、
前記空気(34)の流れ及び前記燃料(36)を混合器(16)内で混合して実質上均質な燃料−空気混合物(38)を形成することと、
前記実質上均質な燃料−空気混合物(38)を燃焼チャンバ(18)内で燃焼させて排気ガス(24)を形成することと、
前記排気ガス(24)を周囲環境に放出することと、
を含む方法。
[実施態様17]
前記排気ガス(24)は、25パーツパーミリオン(ppm)よりも低いNOx濃度を含む、実施態様16に記載の方法。
[実施態様18]
前記エーロフォイル中心本体(52)は、前記予混合器(12)内のリサーキュレーションポケット(108)の形成を実質上阻止する、実施態様16に記載の方法。
[実施態様19]
前記リサーキュレーションポケット(108)の形成を阻止することは、前記燃焼チャンバ(18)内の自己着火及び保炎を防止する、実施態様18に記載の方法。
[実施態様20]
前記実質上均質な燃料−空気混合物(38)を燃焼させることは、タービン(20)の1つ又は複数のブレードを回転させる、実施態様16に記載の方法。
12 予混合器
14 燃料供給装置
16 混合器
18 燃焼器
20 タービン
22 シャフト
24 排気出口、排気ガス
26 圧縮機
28 エアインテーク
30 負荷
32 空気
34 圧縮空気
36 燃料
38 空気混合物
50 スワーラ
52 中心本体
53 シャフト
54 外側ロータ、第1のロータ
56 内側ロータ、第2のロータ
58 第1のブレード
60 第1の方向
62 第2のブレード
64 第2の方向
70 燃料オリフィス
72 表面
74 下流方向
90 計算流体力学
92 前縁
94 後縁
96 断面
98 第1の直径
100 断面
102 第2の直径
104 第1の傾斜表面、上側の表面
106 第2の傾斜表面、下側の表面
108 リサーキュレーションポケット
120 計算流体力学
142 開口
160 グラフ図
162 断面積
164 距離
166 第1の曲線
168 第2の曲線
Claims (4)
- 上流側と、該上流側と反対側にある下流側を含む二重逆回転スワーラ(50)であって、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)が、前記上流側で圧縮空気の流れを受け、圧縮空気の流れを前記下流側へ向かう下流方向(74)に向けるように構成され、第1のロータ(54)及び第2のロータ(56)を含み、前記第1のロータ(54)が、前記第2のロータ(56)の周りに環状に配置され、前記第1のロータ(54)は、圧縮空気の流れにより、第1の方向(60)に前記第1のロータ(54)を回すように構成された第1のブレード(58)を含み、前記第2のロータ(56)が、シャフト(53)の周りに配置され、前記第2のロータ(56)が、圧縮空気の流れにより、前記第1の方向(60)とは反対の第2の方向(64)に前記第2のロータ(56)を回すように構成された第2のブレード(62)を含み、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)が、空気(34)の乱流を作り出し、前記下流方向(74)に向けるように構成される、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)と、
前記シャフト(53)を介して前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)の前記下流側で前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)に結合された中心本体(52)であって、前記中心本体(52)が、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)から前記下流方向に延び、前記中心本体(52)が、前記中心本体(52)の上流側において、前記二重逆回転スワーラ(50)から空気(34)の前記乱流を受けるように構成された前縁(92)と、前記中心本体(52)の前記上流側と反対の下流側に配置された後縁(94)とを備え、前記中心本体(52)の直径が、前記前縁(92)から前記後縁(94)に移動するに応じて増加した後に減少し、前記中心本体(52)が、さらに前記中心本体(52)の表面(72)上に第1の燃料オリフィス(70)を含み、前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)が、燃料−空気混合物(38)を作り出すために、前記空気(34)の乱流の中に燃料(36)を注入するように構成され、前記中心本体(52)が、エーロフォイル形状を含む、中心本体(52)と、
を含む、ガスタービン(10)用の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。 - 前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)は、涙形状(142)を含む、請求項1記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
- 前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)は、前記後縁(94)よりも前記前縁(92)の近くに位置決めされる、請求項1または2に記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
- 前記第1の燃料オリフィス(70)は、前記エーロフォイル形状の最も直径が大きい位置に配置される、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の燃料−空気予混合器(12)。
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US14/879,793 US10352567B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Fuel-air premixer for a gas turbine |
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EP (1) | EP3153778B1 (ja) |
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JP5913503B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 燃焼バーナ及び燃焼器、並びにガスタービン |
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CN113047944A (zh) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-29 | 魏福宽 | 一种多功能气旋机械增压器 |
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BR102016023392A2 (pt) | 2017-04-25 |
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EP3153778B1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
US20170102147A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
CN107013940A (zh) | 2017-08-04 |
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CN107013940B (zh) | 2020-11-24 |
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