JP6831966B2 - Work vise, spacer for work vise and work cradle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vise used for fixing a work to a table of a machine tool equipped with a machining center or other rotary tools, a spacer used for the vise, and a work cradle, and a large number of workpieces are collectively put into a machine tool. It relates to the above-mentioned device suitable for supplying.

The applicant of the present application has proposed various workpieces capable of gripping a plurality of workpieces at once and work fixtures used for such workpieces. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a large number of workpieces having the same shape or indeterminate forms are provided by arranging a plurality of workpiece fixtures having a workpiece gripping surface that moves back and forth manually or by fluid pressure on an elongated base or a flat base. We are proposing a technology for fixing fixed workpieces.

A plurality of work vices that can grip multiple workpieces on an elongated base are attached to a pallet or column (a short columnar member having a vise attachment portion perpendicular to the peripheral surface), and these pallets are mounted outside the machine. By fixing a large number of workpieces to the machine tool or a column and carrying them into the machine tool, it is possible to quickly carry in and out a large number of workpieces to the machine tool, and it is possible to improve the operating rate of the machine.

JP-A-2007-307649 Japanese Patent No. 5869457

When fixing the work to the work vise having the above structure proposed by the applicant of the present application, a spacer or a work cradle corresponding to the dimensions of the work is often used. The spacer is a hexahedral metal block, and the work cradle also has a simple plate-like shape. However, since one work requires one spacer and two work cradle, a large number of spacers are required. If you want to process the workpieces all at once, you will need a lot of spacers and workpiece cradle. Further, since the spacer needs to have a size corresponding to the size of the work, a large number of spacers corresponding to the size must be prepared every time the size of the work changes.

Further, for example, when processing a hexahedral workpiece, the surface gripped by the vise and the surface facing the base side of the vise cannot be processed. Therefore, after processing the three processable surfaces, the work is replaced. The remaining three sides must be processed. Normally, the dimensions in the gripping direction of the workpiece change when the workpiece is replaced, so even if the workpiece has such a simple shape, two spacers having different dimensions are required for one workpiece.

Once a large number of workpieces are attached to a pallet or column, the workpieces can be processed automatically and continuously. On the other hand, it is difficult to automate the work of attaching a large number of workpieces to the vise, and even if it is performed manually, it takes time. Therefore, the greater the number of workpieces that are continuously machined in a batch, the greater the proportion of work time required to attach, replace, and remove the workpieces from the vise, and such work improves productivity. It becomes an obstacle to labor saving.

Therefore, the present invention has a problem that a large number of spacers having different dimensions must be prepared each time the dimensions of the work change in a work vise that allows the work to be gripped collectively, and when the work is attached to or detached from the vise. Solved the problem that the work cradle fell off or lifted from the base of the vise, the work was incompletely positioned on the vise, and it took time to accurately position and fix the work. Therefore, it is an object to reduce the work load when attaching and detaching a large number of workpieces and workpieces having different dimensions to and from the vise.

The work vise of the present invention includes a work fixture 3 having a movable gripping surface 5b attached to the base 11 and advancing and retreating in parallel with the upper surface of the base 11, and a movable gripping surface attached to a fixed position of the base 11. It includes an opposing member 2 (2a, 2b, 2c) having a fixed gripping surface 5a facing the 5b, and a spacer 6 installed on a base 11 between the work fixing tool 3 and the opposing member 2. In the work vise, the spacer 6 is a spacer whose dimensions in the work gripping direction can be changed, and the work pedestals 4 (4a, 4b) arranged at both ends of the spacer 6 in the work gripping direction remove the spacer 6. The above problem is solved by having a structure that does not fall off from the attached member or rise from the base 11.

The spacer 6 in the work vise of the present invention includes a frame member 64 and a convex member 69 that are fitted by comb teeth 65 formed in the work gripping direction at an equal pitch p shorter than the advancing / retreating stroke of the movable gripping surface 5b of the work fixture 3. It has. The frame member 64 and the convex member 69 include end faces 6a and 6b that come into contact with the base 31 of the work fixture and the opposing member 2, that is, the bases 2a and 2b of the vise and the intermediate member 2c, respectively.

When both ends of the work w to be gripped in the gripping direction are supported by the work pedestals 4 (4a, 4b), the work pedestals 4 (4a, 4b) are attached to the base portion 31 of the work fixture and the facing member 2. ..

Further, the work pedestal 4 of the present invention has a plate material whose upper side is thinned, through holes 42 and 49 penetrating the thick portion of the plate material, and through holes 42 and 49 in a direction orthogonal to the work gripping direction. The mounting bolts 43 that are movably inserted and the mounting bolts 43 that are inserted into the through holes 42 and 49 are provided with urging members 47 and 50 that urge the mounting bolts 43 in the upper side direction. The mounting bolt 43 is also urged on the counter-threaded portion side thereof, and is in contact with the upper surface of the base of the vise by the urging force urging the urging member on the one side side .

Since the work vise of the present invention includes a spacer 6 whose dimensions can be changed according to the gripping length of the work, when the gripping dimension of the work changes, it is necessary to newly prepare a spacer corresponding to the gripping dimension. There is no.

Further, even if the spacer 6 is removed in order to change the dimension in the gripping direction of the spacer 6, the work cradle 4 does not fall off or rise.

Therefore, in a work vise that allows the work to be gripped collectively, there is a problem that a large number of spacers having different dimensions must be prepared, and the work cradle may fall off or rise when the work is attached to or detached from the vise. This has the effect of solving the problem and reducing the work load during setup when loading and unloading a large number of workpieces and workpieces with different dimensions into and out of the machine tool.

Side view of vise Perspective view of spacer Cross-sectional plan view of spacer Enlarged view showing other shapes of comb teeth Perspective view of the work cradle on the fixed side Perspective view of the work cradle on the movable side Cross-sectional side view showing the mounting structure of the work cradle Cross-sectional side view of the main part showing other mounting structures of the work cradle Perspective view showing an example of the work

Hereinafter, the workpiece, spacer, and work cradle of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing examples. FIG. 1 is a side view of a vise holding four workpieces, in which 11 is a base, 12 is a fixed jaw fixed to one end of the base 11, and 2a is a fixed mouthpiece attached to the fixed jaw 12. Reference numeral 13 denotes a moving table that is movable in the work gripping direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) and is fixed at a desired position by the pin 14, and 15 is a screw in the work gripping direction screwed into the moving table 13 (in FIG. 1). 2b is a movable mouthpiece attached to the movable jaw 15 due to the movable jaw that moves forward and backward in the work gripping direction.

2c is an intermediate member arranged at an intermediate position between the fixed base 2a and the movable base 2b, and 3 is a work fixing tool arranged between the fixed base 2a and the intermediate member 2c and between the movable base 2b and the intermediate member 2c. 4a is a work cradle attached to the fixed gripping surfaces 5a (end faces of the bases 2a and 2b and both end faces of the intermediate member 2c), and 4b is a work cradle attached to both end faces of the base 31 of the work fixture 3. The pedestal and 6 are spacers arranged between the work pedestals 4a and 4b, and w is the movable gripping surface 5b of the work fixture 3 and the end surface of the facing member 2 while resting on the upper side of the work pedestal 4a and 4b. It is a work sandwiched between the fixed gripping surface) 5a.

The moving table 13, the movable jaw 15, the intermediate member 2c, and the base 31 of the work fixture are slidably mounted in the work gripping direction, and the moving table 13 is provided at predetermined intervals in the work gripping direction of the base 11. By inserting the pin 14 into the pin hole 17, the sliding position can be fixed.

The work fixture 3 includes a movable gripping surface 5b that moves forward and backward in the work gripping direction with a short stroke. Since an example of the detailed structure is disclosed in Patent Document 2, details are omitted, but the movable gripping surfaces 5b at both ends are urged in the advancing direction by the built-in spring, and air pressure is applied to the air flow path 32 provided at the base. By supplying the fluid, both movable gripping surfaces 5b are retracted, and by supplying hydraulic pressure to the liquid flow path 33 provided in the base 31, both movable gripping surfaces 5b strongly advance to the fixed gripping surface 5a in a fixed position. The work w is gripped between the two.

The spacer 6 has a distance between the fixed gripping surface 5a and the movable gripping surface 5b so that the work w is released when the movable gripping surface 5b is retracted and the work w is gripped when the movable gripping surface 5b advances. It is arranged between the work pedestals 4a and 4b (when the work pedestal is not provided, between the fixed gripping surface 5a and the end surface of the base portion 31 of the work fixture). Therefore, the dimension d in the work gripping direction of the spacer 6 needs to be a dimension corresponding to the length a or b (see FIG. 9) of the work w in the gripping direction.

2 to 3 are views showing an example of the spacer 6 of the vise of the present invention. The spacer 6 is formed by cutting a cubic steel material into an odd number of pieces (5 pieces in the example of the figure) along a comb-shaped cutting line c by a laser processing machine or the like, and cutting the comb-tooths with each other. The frame member 64 in which the concave portion 70 is formed by fixing the odd-numbered piece 61 to the connecting plate 62 with a bolt 63 and integrating the odd-numbered pieces 61 and the even-numbered piece (convex portion) 66 to the connecting plate 67. It is formed of two members, a convex member 69 which is fixed by bolt 68 and integrated. The pitch p of the comb teeth 65 is all equal and shorter than the advancing / retreating stroke of the movable gripping surface 5b of the work fixture.

The spacer 6 composed of the frame member 64 and the convex member 69 as described above has the dimensions when the frame member 64 and the convex member 69 are deeply fitted to shorten the spacer, and is shallowly fitted (for example, fitted with two teeth). It is possible to freely change the dimension according to the gripping dimension of the work with the dimension when the length is increased.

If an attempt is made to increase the change width of the dimensions, the dimensions of the frame member 64 and the convex member 69 in the work gripping direction also increase. Therefore, the length d of the spacer when the frame member 64 and the convex member 69 are fitted deepest (the material when cut into the piece). If you prepare multiple types with different lengths), you can handle workpieces of all dimensions.

When the comb teeth 65 are comb teeth having a continuous U-shape, there is a backlash in the work gripping direction that is twice the gap created by cutting between the fitted frame member and the convex member. This backlash is not a problem in practice, but when this backlash is disliked, as shown in FIG. 4, the comb teeth 65 should have a continuous single trapezoidal shape, and the upper side of the comb teeth should be scraped off excessively. Therefore, the comb teeth of the frame member and the convex member can be fitted in close contact with each other.

5 to 8 are views showing the work cradle 4 (4a, 4b) and its mounting structure. Both end faces and the fixed gripping surface 5a of the base portion 31 of the work fixture to which the work cradle 4 is attached are provided with screw holes 41. The work cradle 4 is provided with a through hole 42 at a position facing the screw hole. The bolt 43 for attaching the work cradle has a screw 44 at the tip, and the head side located in the through hole 42 portion of the work cradle does not have a screw, and the opposite screw side has a large diameter slope (conical surface). ) 45.

The through hole 42 of the work cradle is an oval hole having a diameter larger than that of the screw head 46 or having a width dimension such that the head portion 46 can be accommodated and a vertical direction longer than the width dimension. Then, the ball plunger 47 is attached to the screw hole drilled from the lower side of the work cradle 4 (4a, 4b). The ball plunger 47 is attached so that the ball 48 projects from the peripheral surface of the through hole 42 and is pressed against the conical surface 45 of the bolt 43 inserted.

The work pedestal 4 attached with such a structure is urged downward by the spring force of the ball plunger 47, that is, toward the base side, and the component force due to the contact between the ball 48 at the tip and the conical surface 45. As a result, the facing member 2 is held in a state of being pressed against the fixed gripping surface 5a and the end surface of the base portion 31 of the work fixture.

Then, when the work pedestal 4 is pulled away from the mounting surface, the ball 48 is pushed down by the conical surface 45, and the work pedestal 4 is removed. Further, when the bolt 43 is inserted into the through hole 42 and the work pedestal 4 is pressed against the mounting surface thereof, the ball 48 of the ball plunger is pushed down by the head 46 of the bolt and gets over the head, so that the work pedestal 4 Can be installed.

The attached work cradle 4 is in close contact with the mounting surface and abuts on the upper surface of the base 11 due to the downward urging force, so that the position of the upper side for receiving the work is not deviated.

The reason why the upper side of the work pedestal 4 is thinly processed is that the tip of the drill penetrating the work and the work pedestal 4 can interfere with each other as much as possible, for example, when a through hole is provided in the work. This is to avoid it. The upper side of the work pedestal 4b attached to the base 31 of the work fixture is shaved from both sides to make the wall thinner because the movable gripping surface 5b moves forward and backward in contact with the upper side of the work pedestal 4b. This is to prevent being hindered by.

FIG. 8 is a view showing another mounting structure of the work cradle 4, in which a urethane conical piece 50 is inserted between the bolt head 46 and the conical through hole 49 provided in the work cradle. It is a structure. The shape of the conical piece 50 made of an elastic body and the conical surface of the bolt 43 and the through hole 49 urge the work cradle 4 attached via the bolt 43 and the conical piece 50 downward (base side) and the mounting surface side. It is a structure to do.

The operation when processing the work using the vise of the above structure is performed as follows. The base 11 is attached to the upper surface of the pallet or the side surface of the column to be carried into the table of a machine tool (for example, a horizontal machining center), and the screw head 16 is rotated to arrange the intermediate member 2c between the fixed base 2a and the movable base 2b. , The base 31 of the work fixing tool, the work pedestals 4a and 4b arranged between them, and the spacer 6 are collectively gripped and fixed.

Next, factory air is supplied to the air flow path 32 provided at the base 31 of the work fixture to retract the movable gripping surface 5b, and between the retracted movable gripping surface 5b and the fixed gripping surface 5a facing them. The work w is inserted, and the supply of factory air is stopped with the work pressed against the upper side of the work cradle 4. In this state, the work w is lightly gripped by the movable gripping surface 5b and the fixed gripping surface 5a by the spring built in the work fixture 3 and does not fall off, so that the pallet or column is fixed to the table of the machine tool. Then, the work is processed in a state where the work w is firmly gripped by supplying hydraulic pressure to the liquid flow path 33. When the machining of the work is completed, the supplied hydraulic pressure is released, the pallet or column is carried out of the machine, and air is supplied to the air flow path 32 to remove the work.

For example, the work is a cubic work as shown in FIG. 9, the facing end surface AA is gripped to process the C surface and the facing side surface BB, and after the work is removed, the opposite C surface and the end surface A When processing -A, processing is performed by gripping the opposite side surface BB with the processed C surface as the base side. At this time, since the dimension in the gripping direction of the work changes from a to b, the length of the spacer 6 must also be changed. Therefore, the movable jaw 15 is retracted to remove the spacer 6, and the fitting position of the frame member 64 of the spacer 6 and the comb teeth 65 of the convex member 69 is changed to change the dimension d in the work gripping direction.

When changing the dimensions of this spacer, for example, even when the vise is attached to the vertical surface of the column, the work cradle 4 is pressed against the base 11 by the above structure and is attached thereto. Since it is pressed against the bases 2a and 2b, the intermediate member 2c, and the base 31 of the work fixture, it does not fall off or rise from the base, so it is easy to change the gripping dimensions of the spacer, and when changing the gripping dimensions. It is also possible to prevent the occurrence of machining errors due to the displacement of the work cradle.

The spacer 6 of the work vise of the present invention can adjust the distance between the fixed gripping surface 5a and the movable gripping surface 5b at a pitch shorter than the stroke of the movable gripping surface 5b of the work fixture 3. Further, the work cradle 4 does not move or fall off even if the fixed jaw 12 is loosened. Some work, since some cases to grip and remove the workpiece cradle 4, it is easy attachment and detachment of the workpiece cradle 4 even as it.

Although the vise capable of gripping four workpieces at the same time has been described above, the spacer 6 and the workpiece cradle 4 of the present invention can also be used for a vise that grips one workpiece. Further, by alternately arranging the intermediate member 2c and the work fixing tool 3 on the vise having the long base 11, more works can be gripped by one vise. Further, by attaching a plurality of such work vices to a pallet or a column and carrying them into a machine tool, it is possible to continuously process a large number of workpieces at once.

Further, the hydraulic pressure and air pressure for advancing and retreating the movable gripping surface 5b of the work fixture 3 are applied by connecting the flow paths 32 and 33 of the work fixtures with pipes or through the flow path in the work gripping direction provided on the base 11. By supplying to each work fixture 3, it is possible to supply all at once.

As described above, the work vise of the present invention has a spacer 6 whose dimensions can be intermittently changed according to the gripping length of the work, and a base 11 of the vise that does not fall off even if the spacer 6 is removed. Since the work cradle 4 is provided so as to be in constant contact with the work, when the gripping dimension of the work changes, it is not necessary to newly prepare a spacer corresponding to the gripping dimension for each work, and it is adjusted to the work size. Since the work cradle does not fall off or lift up from the base when replacing the spacer, the workability when attaching a large number of works to the pallet or column that is carried into the table of the machine tool is greatly improved. In addition to being able to reduce the number of workpieces, it is possible to solve the problem that a large number of spacers must be prepared according to each workpiece when machining a large number of types of workpieces.

2a Fixed base 2b Movable base 2c Intermediate member 3 Work fixture 4 (4a, 4b) Work cradle 6 Spacer 6a, 6b End face 5a Fixed grip surface 5b Movable grip surface 11 Base 31 Base 42, 49 Through hole 43 Mounting bolt 45 Inclined surface 47 Ball plunger 48 Ball plunger ball 50 Conical piece 64 Frame member 65 Comb tooth 69 Convex member 70 Concave

Claims (5)

A work fixture (3) equipped with a movable gripping surface (5b) that is attached to the base (11) and advances and retreats in parallel with the upper surface of the base.
An opposing member (2) attached to a fixed position of the base and provided with a fixed gripping surface (5a) facing the movable gripping surface.
In a work vise that grips a plurality of works including a spacer (6) installed on a base between the work fixing tool and the facing member.
The spacer (6) includes a frame member (64) and a convex member (69) that are fitted with comb teeth (65) having a pitch shorter than the advancing / retreating stroke of the movable gripping surface, and the fitting position of the comb teeth is set. By changing the work vise, the dimensions in the work gripping direction can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the work gripped by the movable gripping surface and the fixed gripping surface. The work vise according to claim 1, wherein work pedestals (4) are arranged at both ends of the spacer, and both ends of the work are supported by thinned upper sides of the work cradle. A work fixture (3) equipped with a movable gripping surface (5b) that is attached to the base (11) and advances and retreats in parallel with the upper surface of the base.
An opposing member (2) attached to a fixed position of the base and provided with a fixed gripping surface (5a) facing the movable gripping surface.
In a work vise that grips a plurality of works including a spacer (6) installed on a base between the work fixing tool and the facing member.
A work cradle (4) attached to the work gripping side of the work fixture base (31) and the opposing member (2) with a mounting bolt (43) is provided.
The work cradle is a plate material having through holes (42,49) and urging members (47,50).
The mounting bolt is movably inserted into the through hole in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and screwed into the base portion and the facing member.
The urging member urges the mounting bolt to the anti-base side and the anti-screw portion side of the mounting bolt.
The work cradle is in contact with the upper surface of the pedestal by an urging force urging the anti-base side of the urging member.
Work vise. A plate material whose side is thinned, through holes (42,49) that penetrate the thick part of this plate material, mounting bolts (43) that are movably inserted into the through holes in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the penetration. It is provided with an urging member (47,50) that urges the mounting bolt inserted into the hole to the one side, and the urging member also urges the mounting bolt to the counter-threaded side of the bolt. A work cradle for a work vise, which is in contact with the upper surface of the base base of the vise by the urging force urging the one side of the urging member. The urging member is a ball plunger (47) provided with a ball to be repressed on the side surface of the mounting bolt (43), and the ball (48) of the ball plunger has a large diameter on the counter-threaded side of the mounting bolt. The work cradle according to claim 4, which is pressed against the inclined surface (45).

Images