JP6828407B2

JP6828407B2 - Cooler

Info

Publication number: JP6828407B2
Application number: JP2016240481A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 中村　新吾; 新吾中村; 慎弥宇井; 規浅田; 浅田　　規
Original assignee: Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-12
Filing date: 2016-12-12
Publication date: 2021-02-10
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-12
Also published as: JP2018096592A

Description

この発明は、冷却器に関し、特に、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を取り除くための風を送り出す送風ファンを備える冷却器に関する。 The present invention relates to a cooler, and more particularly to a cooler including a blower fan that blows air to remove frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger.

従来、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を取り除くための風を送り出すノズルを備える冷却器が知られている（たとえば、特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, a cooler including a nozzle for sending out air for removing frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of a heat exchanger is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

上記特許文献１には、冷媒が内部を通過する伝熱管(伝熱表面)に複数のフィンが接合された熱交換器と、フィンの伝熱面に対して直角もしくは平行となるように空気を噴出してフィンおよび伝熱管に付着した霜を取り除くための複数のノズルと、複数のノズルを複数のフィンに対して相対移動させる駆動手段とを備えた冷却器の着霜低減装置が開示されている。ここで、伝熱管は、比較的細い管形状を有するとともに、蛇行するように折り返された形状を有する。また、フィンは、平板形状を有する。また、フィンは、互いに平行となるように間隔を隔てて複数設けられている。そして、互いに平行となるように間隔を隔てて設けられた複数のフィンを、蛇行するように折り返された伝熱管が貫通するように構成されている。そして、複数のノズルは、互いに平行となるように間隔を隔てて複数設けられている平板形状のフィンの伝熱表面に沿うように空気を噴出してフィンおよび伝熱管に付着した霜を取り除くように構成されている。 In Patent Document 1, a heat exchanger in which a plurality of fins are joined to a heat transfer tube (heat transfer surface) through which a refrigerant passes, and air so as to be perpendicular to or parallel to the heat transfer surface of the fins. Disclosed is a cooler frosting reduction device comprising a plurality of nozzles for ejecting and removing frost adhering to fins and heat transfer tubes, and a driving means for moving the plurality of nozzles relative to the plurality of fins. There is. Here, the heat transfer tube has a relatively thin tube shape and also has a meanderingly folded shape. Further, the fin has a flat plate shape. Further, a plurality of fins are provided at intervals so as to be parallel to each other. Then, the heat transfer tube folded back in a meandering manner penetrates through a plurality of fins provided at intervals so as to be parallel to each other. Then, the plurality of nozzles eject air along the heat transfer surface of a plurality of flat plate-shaped fins provided at intervals so as to be parallel to each other to remove frost adhering to the fins and the heat transfer tube. It is configured in.

特開２００８−６４３２６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-64326

しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載された冷却器では、フィンの伝熱表面に沿うように空気を噴出する場合に、伝熱表面（壁面）に対する壁面摩擦による剥離流れ（空気の流れが剥離したもの）が生じて抵抗が大きくなる。このため、霜への風圧が小さくなる。その結果、ノズルおよびノズルの駆動手段を備えることによる装置構成に加えて、風圧を補うための付帯設備（送風圧縮機や、エアータンク）をノズルに対してさらに備える必要があり、装置が大型化してしまうという問題点がある。 However, in the cooler described in Patent Document 1, when air is ejected along the heat transfer surface of the fin, a peeling flow (air flow is separated) due to wall friction against the heat transfer surface (wall surface). ) Occurs and the resistance increases. Therefore, the wind pressure on the frost becomes small. As a result, in addition to the equipment configuration by providing the nozzle and the driving means of the nozzle, it is necessary to further provide the nozzle with ancillary equipment (blower compressor and air tank) for supplementing the wind pressure, and the equipment becomes large. There is a problem that it ends up.

この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、この発明の１つの目的は、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を十分に取り除きながら、大型化するのを抑制することが可能な冷却器を提供することである。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and one object of the present invention is to increase the size while sufficiently removing the frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger. It is to provide a cooler that can be suppressed.

冷媒を通過させるための流路を内部に含む熱交換器と、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を取り除くための風を送り出す送風ファンと、伝熱表面に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向するように設けられる平板状部材と、平板状部材の表面に対して直交する方向に沿って延びるように設けられる導風部材とを備え、平板状部材は、送風ファンにより送り出された後に伝熱表面に対して交差するように入射する風を通過させるための複数の穴部を含み、導風部材は、送風ファンにより送り出された風を平板状部材に設けられた複数の穴部を通過させて、伝熱表面に対して交差するように導風するとともに、伝熱表面に沿うように入射する風を遮るように構成されている。 A heat exchanger that includes a flow path for passing the refrigerant inside, a blower fan that blows out air to remove frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger, and a predetermined interval with respect to the heat transfer surface. A flat plate-like member provided so as to face each other and a wind guide member provided so as to extend along a direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate-like member, and the flat plate-like member is sent out by a blower fan. look including a plurality of holes for passing the air that enters so as to intersect with respect to the heat transfer surface, the air guide member has a plurality of holes that the air fed by the blower fan provided in the plate member It is configured to guide the air so as to intersect the heat transfer surface and to block the incident wind along the heat transfer surface.

この発明の一の局面による冷却器では、上記のように、平板状部材を、送風ファンにより送り出された後に伝熱表面に対して交差するように流入する風を通過させるための複数の穴部を含むように構成する。これにより、伝熱表面に対して交差するように入射する風により、複数の穴部を通過して伝熱表面に対して衝突する複数の衝突噴流流れが生じるので、送風ファンの霜に対する風圧を大きくすることができる。これにより、風圧を補うための付帯設備（たとえば、送風圧縮機や、エアータンク）を別途設けることなく、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を十分に取り除くことができる。すなわち、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を十分に取り除きながら、冷却器が大型化するのを抑制することができる。 In the cooler according to one aspect of the present invention, as described above, a plurality of holes for passing the flat plate-shaped member through the air flowing in so as to intersect the heat transfer surface after being sent out by the blower fan. Is configured to include. As a result, the wind incident so as to intersect the heat transfer surface causes a plurality of collision jet flows that pass through the plurality of holes and collide with the heat transfer surface, so that the wind pressure against the frost of the blower fan is increased. It can be made larger. As a result, the frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger can be sufficiently removed without separately providing ancillary equipment (for example, a blower compressor or an air tank) for supplementing the wind pressure. That is, it is possible to prevent the cooler from becoming large while sufficiently removing the frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、送風ファンは、熱交換器の伝熱表面に沿った第１方向に風を送り出すように設けられている。このように構成すれば、送風ファンにより送り出される風が伝熱表面に沿った方向である場合にも、導風部材により伝熱表面に対して交差するように導風することができるので、伝熱表面に付着した霜を効果的に取り除くことができる。 In the cooler according to the aforementioned aspect preferably, the blower fan is provided to feed the air in a first direction along the heat transfer surfaces of the heat exchanger. With this configuration, even when the air blown out by the blower fan is in the direction along the heat transfer surface, the wind guide member can guide the air so as to intersect the heat transfer surface. Frost adhering to the heat surface can be effectively removed.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、導風部材は、平板状部材の第１方向の下流側の端部に接続されるとともに第１方向に延びる平板状部材の表面に対して直交する第２方向に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面に交差するように導風するための第１導風部材と、平板状部材の第１方向の上流側の端部に接続されるとともに第１方向に延びる平板状部材の表面に対して直交する第２方向とは反対の第３方向に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面に沿うように入射する風を遮るための第２導風部材とを含む。このように構成すれば、送風ファンから送り出された伝熱表面に沿う方向の風を、第１導風部材により伝熱表面に対して交差する方向に導風することができるので、伝熱表面に付着した霜を風（気流）により十分に取り除くことができる。また、送風ファンから送り出された風が伝熱表面と平板状部材との間に直接流入するのを、第２導風部材により遮ることができる。これにより、平板状部材の穴部を通過した伝熱表面に対して交差するように入射（流入）する風の流れる方向が、伝熱表面と平板状部材との間に直接流入する風の流れによって変化させられることを抑制することができる。 In the cooler according to the above one aspect, preferably, the wind guide member is connected to the downstream end of the flat plate member in the first direction and is orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member extending in the first direction. It is provided so as to extend along the second direction, and is connected to the first air guiding member for guiding the air so as to intersect the heat transfer surface and the upstream end of the flat plate member in the first direction. A second direction is provided so as to extend along a third direction opposite to the second direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member extending in the first direction, and to block the wind incident along the heat transfer surface. Includes air guide members. With this configuration, the wind in the direction along the heat transfer surface sent out from the blower fan can be guided by the first air guide member in the direction intersecting the heat transfer surface, so that the heat transfer surface can be guided. The frost adhering to the surface can be sufficiently removed by the wind (air flow). Further, the second wind guide member can block the wind sent from the blower fan from directly flowing between the heat transfer surface and the flat plate member. As a result, the direction in which the wind that enters (inflows) intersects the heat transfer surface that has passed through the hole of the flat plate-shaped member is the flow of the wind that directly flows between the heat transfer surface and the flat plate-shaped member. It is possible to suppress being changed by.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、平板状部材と導風部材とは、一体的に形成されている。このように構成すれば、１枚の板状部材を折り曲げるだけで、容易に、平板状部材と導風部材とを形成することができる。また、平板状部材と導風部材とを別個に設ける場合と異なり、部品点数が増加するのを抑制することができる。また、平板状部材と導風部材とが一体的に形成されていることにより、平板状部材および導風部材を個別に支持することなく、平板状部材および導風部材を所望の位置に固定することができる。 In the cooler according to the above one aspect, preferably, the flat plate-shaped member and the air guide member are integrally formed. With this configuration, the flat plate-shaped member and the wind guide member can be easily formed by simply bending one plate-shaped member. Further, unlike the case where the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member are separately provided, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of parts. Further, since the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member are integrally formed, the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member are fixed at a desired position without supporting the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member individually. be able to.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、熱交換器の伝熱表面は、送風ファンによって風が送り出される方向に対して交差する方向において互いに対向するように配置される第１伝熱表面と第２伝熱表面とを含み、平板状部材は、第１伝熱表面に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向するように設けられる第１平板状部材と、第２伝熱表面に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向するように設けられる第２平板状部材とを含む。このように構成すれば、互いに対向するように配置されている第１伝熱表面と第２伝熱表面とに沿うように送風ファンから送り出された風を、第１伝熱表面と第２伝熱表面とに対して交差するように容易に導風することができる。その結果、第１伝熱表面および第２伝熱表面の各々に付着した霜を効果的に取り除くことができる。 In the cooler according to the above one aspect, preferably, the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger is the first heat transfer surface arranged so as to face each other in a direction intersecting the direction in which the air is blown by the blower fan. The flat plate-shaped member including the second heat transfer surface is predetermined with respect to the first flat plate-shaped member provided so as to face the first heat transfer surface at a predetermined interval and the second heat transfer surface. Includes a second flat plate-like member provided so as to face each other with a gap between the two. With this configuration, the air sent from the blower fan along the first heat transfer surface and the second heat transfer surface arranged so as to face each other is transferred to the first heat transfer surface and the second heat transfer surface. The air can be easily guided so as to intersect the thermal surface. As a result, the frost adhering to each of the first heat transfer surface and the second heat transfer surface can be effectively removed.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、熱交換器は扁平形状を有するとともに、内部に冷媒が流れる複数の流路を有するように構成されている。このように構成すれば、伝熱表面を比較的大きくすることができるので、伝熱表面に冷却のためのフィンなどを別途設ける必要がない。これにより、冷却器の構成を簡略化することができる。 In the cooler according to the above one aspect, preferably, the heat exchanger has a flat shape and is configured to have a plurality of flow paths through which the refrigerant flows. With this configuration, the heat transfer surface can be made relatively large, so it is not necessary to separately provide cooling fins or the like on the heat transfer surface. This makes it possible to simplify the configuration of the cooler.

上記一の局面による冷却器において、好ましくは、伝熱表面の下方に配置され、伝熱表面から取り除かれた霜を集積し、外部に排出するための排出機構をさらに備える。このように構成すれば、集積された霜を排出機構において一部融解させて、氷水の状態にして冷却器の外部に排出することができるので、霜の状態で冷却器の外部に排出される場合と異なり、取り除かれた霜（氷水）の処置を容易に行うことができる。 The cooler according to the above one aspect is preferably further provided with a discharge mechanism that is arranged below the heat transfer surface to accumulate the frost removed from the heat transfer surface and discharge it to the outside. With this configuration, the accumulated frost can be partially melted in the discharge mechanism and discharged to the outside of the cooler in the state of ice water, so that it is discharged to the outside of the cooler in the state of frost. Unlike the case, the removed frost (ice water) can be easily treated.

本発明によれば、上記のように、熱交換器の伝熱表面に付着した霜を十分に取り除きながら、大型化するのを抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, as described above, it is possible to suppress the increase in size while sufficiently removing the frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger.

本発明の第１実施形態による空気冷却器の構成を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the structure of the air cooler by 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態による空気冷却器の熱交換器の断面を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the cross section of the heat exchanger of the air cooler according to 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態による空気冷却器の除霜時および冷却時の風の流れを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of wind at the time of defrosting and cooling of an air cooler according to 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態による排出機構を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the discharge mechanism by 1st Embodiment of this invention. 比較例による伝熱表面（壁面）に沿うように風を入射させた場合に生じる剥離流れを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the peeling flow which occurs when the wind is incident along the heat transfer surface (wall surface) by the comparative example. 本発明の第２実施形態による空気冷却器の構成を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the structure of the air cooler by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態による空気冷却器の熱交換器の断面を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the cross section of the heat exchanger of the air cooler by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態による空気冷却器の除霜時および冷却時の風の流れを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of wind at the time of defrosting and cooling of an air cooler according to 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３実施形態による空気冷却器の構成および除霜時の空気の流れを示した図である。It is a figure which showed the structure of the air cooler according to 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and the flow of air at the time of defrosting. 本発明の第２実施形態による空気冷却器の変形例による平板状部材および導風部材を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the flat plate-like member and the wind guide member by the modification of the air cooler by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１〜３実施形態による空気冷却器の変形例による伝熱表面の微細な凹凸構造を示した図である。It is a figure which showed the fine uneven structure of the heat transfer surface by the modification of the air cooler according to 1st to 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明を具体化した実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

（第１実施形態）
まず、図１〜図５を参照して、第１実施形態による空気冷却器１００の構成について説明する。空気冷却器１００は、本発明の「冷却器」の一例である。空気冷却器１００は、たとえば、冷凍（冷蔵）倉庫内を冷やすためのユニットクーラに用いられる。 (First Embodiment)
First, the configuration of the air cooler 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The air cooler 100 is an example of the "cooler" of the present invention. The air cooler 100 is used, for example, as a unit cooler for cooling the inside of a freezing (refrigerating) warehouse.

図１に示すように、空気冷却器１００は、冷媒を通過させるための流路１ａ（図２参照）を内部に含む熱交換器１を備えている。熱交換器１は、図示しない圧縮機、凝縮器および膨張弁と冷凍サイクルを構成しており、流路１ａの内部に低温の冷媒を流すことにより、伝熱表面１３および伝熱表面１３０を介して空気冷却器１００内の空気を冷やすように構成されている。また、熱交換器１、送風ファン２、平板状部材３および導風部材４は、筐体Ｃの内部に収められている。なお、図１では、送風ファン２が筐体Ｃの外部に配置されているが、実際には、送風ファン２は筐体Ｃの内部に配置されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the air cooler 100 includes a heat exchanger 1 that includes a flow path 1a (see FIG. 2) for passing a refrigerant inside. The heat exchanger 1 constitutes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a refrigerating cycle (not shown), and by flowing a low-temperature refrigerant inside the flow path 1a, the heat transfer surface 13 and the heat transfer surface 130 are passed through. It is configured to cool the air in the air cooler 100. Further, the heat exchanger 1, the blower fan 2, the flat plate-shaped member 3, and the air guide member 4 are housed inside the housing C. In FIG. 1, the blower fan 2 is arranged outside the housing C, but in reality, the blower fan 2 is arranged inside the housing C.

ここで、第１実施形態では、熱交換器１は、扁平形状を有するとともに、内部に冷媒が流れる複数の流路１ａ（図２参照）を有する。具体的には、冷媒は、熱交換器１の端部１１において方向Ｐ１（Ｚ２方向）から流れ込み、内部に冷媒が流れる複数の流路１ａを有する扁平形状の部分の内部（流路１ａ）をＹ１方向およびＹ２方向に折り返しながら（蛇行しながら）流れ、熱交換器１の端部１２において方向Ｐ２（Ｚ１方向）に流れ出る。また、扁平形状の部分は、半円筒形の複数の折り返し部分と、折り返し部分に挟まれる平坦領域とを含み、平坦領域は、Ｘ方向（Ｘ１およびＸ２方向）に略等間隔となるように並んでいる。このように、熱交換器１は、内部に複数の流路１ａを有する扁平多孔管（マイクロチャンネル）を含む。 Here, in the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 has a flat shape and has a plurality of flow paths 1a (see FIG. 2) through which the refrigerant flows. Specifically, the refrigerant flows from the direction P1 (Z2 direction) at the end 11 of the heat exchanger 1 and enters the inside of the flat portion (flow path 1a) having a plurality of flow paths 1a through which the refrigerant flows. It flows while folding back (in a meandering manner) in the Y1 and Y2 directions, and flows out in the direction P2 (Z1 direction) at the end 12 of the heat exchanger 1. Further, the flat-shaped portion includes a plurality of semi-cylindrical folded portions and a flat region sandwiched between the folded portions, and the flat regions are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the X direction (X1 and X2 directions). I'm out. As described above, the heat exchanger 1 includes a flat perforated tube (microchannel) having a plurality of flow paths 1a inside.

扁平形状の平坦領域の一面である伝熱表面１３および１３０は、図２（ａ）に示すように、微細な凹凸構造（たとえば、桁数が１０分の１ミリ程度の幅および深さの凹凸パターン）が設けられている。また、図２（ａ）および（ｂ）に示すように、伝熱表面１３および１３０の各々は、Ｙ方向およびＺ方向にそれぞれ延びる凹部（溝）が繰り返し設けられ、凹部に囲まれた微小な凸部１３ａおよび１３０ａ（たとえば、図２（ｂ）のような長方形の凸部）がＹ方向およびＺ方向に周期的に表れるように構成されている。これにより、Ｙ方向およびＸ方向の寸法変更に対して、容易に最適なサイズの伝熱表面１３および１３０を作成することができる。また、凸部１３ａは、たとえば、溝ピッチ（間隔）および溝の深さが数百μｍ程度である。そして、微細な凹凸構造により、霜Ｆ（または、過冷却された水滴による結露）が凸部に集中して付着する（凸部から成長する）ので、霜Ｆの伝熱表面１３および１３０に対する付着力が低減し、霜Ｆの量および厚みを小さくすることができる。これにより、後述する送風ファン２により送り出された後に伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように入射する風Ｗ２（後述）により、容易に霜Ｆを取り除くことができる。また、図３に示すように、伝熱表面１３と伝熱表面１３０とは扁平形状部分の両面（扁平形状の部分の表側および裏側、または、Ｘ１方向側およびＸ２方向側）に設けられ、Ｘ方向に対して平行かつ互い違いに等間隔を隔てて並んでいる。 As shown in FIG. 2A, the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130, which are one surface of the flat region of the flat shape, have a fine concavo-convex structure (for example, concavities and convexities having a width and depth of about 1/10 mm). Pattern) is provided. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), each of the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130 is repeatedly provided with recesses (grooves) extending in the Y direction and the Z direction, respectively, and is surrounded by minute recesses. The protrusions 13a and 130a (for example, a rectangular protrusion as shown in FIG. 2B) are configured to appear periodically in the Y direction and the Z direction. This makes it possible to easily create heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130 of optimum size for dimensional changes in the Y and X directions. Further, the convex portion 13a has, for example, a groove pitch (interval) and a groove depth of about several hundred μm. Then, due to the fine uneven structure, frost F (or dew condensation due to supercooled water droplets) is concentrated and adhered to the convex portion (grows from the convex portion), so that the frost F is attached to the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130. The adhesive force is reduced, and the amount and thickness of frost F can be reduced. As a result, the frost F can be easily removed by the wind W2 (described later) that is sent out by the blower fan 2 described later and then incident so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat transfer surface 13 and the heat transfer surface 130 are provided on both sides of the flat portion (front side and back side of the flat portion, or X1 direction side and X2 direction side), and X They are arranged parallel to the direction and staggered at equal intervals.

また、空気冷却器１００は、熱交換器１の伝熱表面１３および１３０に付着した霜Ｆを取り除くための風を送り出す送風ファン２を備えている。送風ファン２は、図１に示すように、熱交換器１に向けて、伝熱表面１３および１３０に沿う方向であるＺ１方向に風Ｗ０を送り出す。なお、送風ファン２は、逆回転が可能となるように構成されている。後述するように、除霜時と冷却時とで、送風ファン２の回転方向は逆向きとなる。このとき、風Ｗ０の方向も逆向きのＺ２方向となる。また、Ｚ１方向は、特許請求の範囲の「第１方向」の一例である。 Further, the air cooler 100 includes a blower fan 2 that blows out air for removing frost F adhering to the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130 of the heat exchanger 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the blower fan 2 sends out the wind W0 toward the heat exchanger 1 in the Z1 direction, which is the direction along the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130. The blower fan 2 is configured to be capable of reverse rotation. As will be described later, the rotation directions of the blower fan 2 are opposite to each other during defrosting and cooling. At this time, the direction of the wind W0 is also the opposite Z2 direction. The Z1 direction is an example of the "first direction" in the claims.

また、空気冷却器１００は、伝熱表面１３および１３０に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向する（略平行となる）ように設けられる平板状部材３を備えている。ここで、第１実施形態では、平板状部材３は、図３（ａ）（空気冷却器１００のＸ−Ｙ平面における断面）に示すように、送風ファン２により送り出された後に伝熱表面１３に対して交差するように入射する風Ｗ２を通過させるための複数の円形の穴部３ａを含む。この穴部３ａを通過した風は、伝熱表面１３に対して衝突するように移動する。 Further, the air cooler 100 includes a flat plate-shaped member 3 provided so as to face (substantially parallel to) the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130 at predetermined intervals. Here, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A (cross section of the air cooler 100 in the XY plane), the flat plate member 3 is sent out by the blower fan 2 and then the heat transfer surface 13 Includes a plurality of circular holes 3a for passing the incident wind W2 so as to intersect with respect to. The wind that has passed through the hole 3a moves so as to collide with the heat transfer surface 13.

また、第１実施形態では、空気冷却器１００は、送風ファン２により送り出された風を伝熱表面１３に対して交差するように導風するための導風部材４を備えている。導風部材４は、平板状部材３のＺ１方向の下流側の端部に接続されるとともにＺ１方向に延びる平板状部材３の表面に対して直交するＸ１方向に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面１３に交差するように導風するための第１導風部材４１を含む。また、導風部材４は、平板状部材３のＺ１方向の上流側の端部に接続されるとともにＺ１方向に延びる平板状部材３の表面に対して直交するＸ１方向とは反対のＸ２方向に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面１３に沿うように入射する風Ｗ０を遮るための第２導風部材４２とを含む。なお、Ｘ２方向は、特許請求の範囲の「第２方向」の一例である。また、Ｘ１方向は、特許請求の範囲の「第３方向」の一例である。 Further, in the first embodiment, the air cooler 100 includes a wind guide member 4 for guiding the wind sent out by the blow fan 2 so as to intersect the heat transfer surface 13. The wind guide member 4 is connected to the downstream end of the flat plate member 3 in the Z1 direction and is provided so as to extend along the X1 direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member 3 extending in the Z1 direction. A first air guide member 41 for guiding air so as to intersect the heat transfer surface 13 is included. Further, the wind guide member 4 is connected to the upstream end of the flat plate member 3 in the Z1 direction and extends in the X2 direction opposite to the X1 direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member 3 extending in the Z1 direction. It is provided so as to extend along the heat transfer surface 13, and includes a second wind guide member 42 for blocking the incident wind W0 along the heat transfer surface 13. The X2 direction is an example of the "second direction" in the claims. Further, the X1 direction is an example of the "third direction" in the claims.

なお、平板状部材３および導風部材４（第１導風部材４１、第２導風部材４２）は、蛇行する折り返し形状を有する熱交換器１の平坦領域の各々の間に設けられている。 The flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guide member 4 (first air guide member 41, second air guide member 42) are provided between each of the flat regions of the heat exchanger 1 having a meandering folded shape. ..

また、第１実施形態では、平板状部材３と導風部材４とは、一体的に形成されている。たとえば、平板状部材３と導風部材４とは、金属製の一枚の板を折り曲げることにより形成されている。また、平板状部材３および導風部材４は、折り曲げ形成される前に、予め所望の位置に穴部３ａが開けられている。そのため、平板状部材３として機能する領域には風Ｗ１を衝突噴流流れである風Ｗ２にするために必要かつ十分な大きさおよび間隔で複数の穴部３ａが開けられている。一方で、導風部材４として機能する領域には穴が開けられていない。また、平板状部材３および導風部材４は、平板状部材３および導風部材４自体が空気冷却器１００庫内の空気から吸熱する吸熱板の役割も果たすように、伝熱性の高い金属（たとえば、アルミニウム、銅、さらにポリテトラフルオロエチレンによりコーティングされた金属など）製の板により構成されている。 Further, in the first embodiment, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are integrally formed. For example, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are formed by bending a single metal plate. Further, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are pre-drilled with holes 3a at desired positions before being bent and formed. Therefore, in the region functioning as the flat plate-shaped member 3, a plurality of holes 3a are formed at a size and interval necessary and sufficient for turning the wind W1 into the wind W2 which is a collision jet flow. On the other hand, there is no hole in the region that functions as the wind guide member 4. Further, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guiding member 4 are metal having high heat transfer property so that the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guiding member 4 themselves also serve as a heat absorbing plate that absorbs heat from the air in the air cooler 100. For example, it is composed of plates made of aluminum, copper, and metals coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

また、第１実施形態では、図４に示すように、伝熱表面１３の下方に配置され、伝熱表面１３から取り除かれた霜Ｆを集積し、外部に排出するための排出機構５が設けられている。排出機構５は、霜受け部５１および排出管部５２を含む。そして、霜受け部５１より集積された霜Ｆは、排出管部５２を介して排出される。具体的には、風（気流）により剥離または滑落した霜Ｆ（結露も含む）は、霜受け部５１に溜まり、一部溶融した状態となり、排出管部５２から排出される。これにより、除霜した霜Ｆを溶融させるためのヒーターや除霜した霜Ｆを吐出するようなポンプ等を別途設ける必要がない。また、熱交換器１と排出機構５とは離間した状態で配置されている。そして、熱交換器１と排出機構５との間の隙間Ａから、霜Ｆを取り除いた風が逃がされる。また、冷却時（後述）には、隙間Ａから、外気が取り込まれる。なお、排出される氷水（霜Ｆと溶融した水）は、冷却熱源として再利用することもできる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a discharge mechanism 5 is provided which is arranged below the heat transfer surface 13 and collects the frost F removed from the heat transfer surface 13 and discharges it to the outside. Has been done. The discharge mechanism 5 includes a frost receiving portion 51 and a discharge pipe portion 52. Then, the frost F accumulated from the frost receiving portion 51 is discharged via the discharge pipe portion 52. Specifically, the frost F (including dew condensation) that has peeled off or slipped off due to the wind (air flow) accumulates in the frost receiving portion 51, becomes partially melted, and is discharged from the discharge pipe portion 52. As a result, it is not necessary to separately provide a heater for melting the defrosted frost F or a pump for discharging the defrosted frost F. Further, the heat exchanger 1 and the discharge mechanism 5 are arranged in a separated state. Then, the wind from which the frost F has been removed is released from the gap A between the heat exchanger 1 and the discharge mechanism 5. Further, during cooling (described later), outside air is taken in from the gap A. The discharged ice water (frost F and molten water) can also be reused as a cooling heat source.

次に、平板状部材３および導風部材４が設けられていない比較例による空気冷却器４００と比較しながら、空気冷却器４００の運転時の動作について説明する。 Next, the operation of the air cooler 400 during operation will be described while comparing with the air cooler 400 according to the comparative example in which the flat plate member 3 and the air guide member 4 are not provided.

図５に示すように、平板状部材３および導風部材４が設けられていない比較例による空気冷却器４００では、霜Ｆが付着した伝熱表面Ｓに沿う方向に風Ｗ７を流したとしても、伝熱表面Ｓ（壁面）の摩擦による剥離流れＶ（小さな渦状の乱流など）が生じ、風Ｗ７に対する抵抗が大きくなる。このため、霜Ｆに対する十分な風圧を得ることができない。そのため、霜Ｆを十分に取り除くことができない。 As shown in FIG. 5, in the air cooler 400 according to the comparative example in which the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are not provided, even if the wind W7 is flowed in the direction along the heat transfer surface S to which the frost F is attached. , A peeling flow V (small vortex-like turbulent flow, etc.) is generated due to friction of the heat transfer surface S (wall surface), and the resistance to the wind W7 increases. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain sufficient wind pressure for the frost F. Therefore, the frost F cannot be sufficiently removed.

次に、第１実施形態の空気冷却器１００の除霜時の運転について説明する。 Next, the operation of the air cooler 100 of the first embodiment at the time of defrosting will be described.

空気冷却器１００では、送風ファン２により送り出された風Ｗ０は、図３（ａ）に示すように、複数の第２導風部材４２の間に風Ｗ１（主流空気）として流れ込む。そして、第１導風部材４１（導風部材４）は、風Ｗ１を平板状部材３に設けられた複数の穴部３ａを通過させて、伝熱表面１３に対して交差する風Ｗ２となるように導風する。平板状部材３の穴部３ａを通過した複数の風Ｗ２の束は、それぞれ伝熱表面１３に対して交差するように入射する衝突噴流流れとなる。風Ｗ２は、伝熱表面１３に衝突して伝熱表面１３に付着した霜Ｆ（または、過冷却された水滴による結露）を弾き飛ばして取り除いた後に、霜Ｆと共に風Ｗ３として流れ出て行く。ここで、伝熱表面１３に交差するように入射して衝突する衝突噴流流れは、伝熱表面１３に沿うように送風ファン２から風を流して霜Ｆにあてる場合（比較例の空気冷却器４００、図５参照）と比較して、霜Ｆに対する風圧が大きくなる。これにより、送風ファン２による無圧縮の風Ｗ０であっても、十分な大きさの風圧を得ることができるので、十分に霜Ｆを取り除くことができる。 In the air cooler 100, the wind W0 sent out by the blower fan 2 flows as wind W1 (mainstream air) between the plurality of second air guide members 42, as shown in FIG. 3A. Then, the first wind guide member 41 (wind guide member 4) passes the wind W1 through the plurality of holes 3a provided in the flat plate member 3 and becomes the wind W2 that intersects the heat transfer surface 13. To guide the wind. The bundles of the plurality of winds W2 that have passed through the holes 3a of the flat plate-shaped member 3 are collision jet flows that are incident so as to intersect the heat transfer surface 13. The wind W2 collides with the heat transfer surface 13 to remove the frost F (or dew condensation caused by supercooled water droplets) adhering to the heat transfer surface 13, and then flows out as the wind W3 together with the frost F. Here, the collision jet flow that is incident and collides so as to intersect the heat transfer surface 13 is a case where the air is blown from the blower fan 2 along the heat transfer surface 13 and applied to the frost F (air cooler of the comparative example). 400, see FIG. 5), the wind pressure against the frost F is larger. As a result, even if the wind W0 is uncompressed by the blower fan 2, a sufficient amount of wind pressure can be obtained, so that the frost F can be sufficiently removed.

次に、空気冷却器１００の冷却時の運転について説明する。送風ファン２を除霜時とは逆に回転させることにより、図３（ｂ）に示すように、Ｚ２方向への風（気流）が生じ、空気冷却器１００の庫外から入ってきた暖かい風（空気）Ｗ４が、伝熱表面１３および１３０と接触して冷却され、複数の穴部３ａを通る複数の風Ｗ５の束となる。そして、風Ｗ５は合流されて風Ｗ６となり、送風ファン２により庫外に吹き出され、庫外を冷やす。なお、風Ｗ６は、伝熱表面１３０に衝突して伝熱表面１３０に付着した霜Ｆ（または、過冷却された水滴による結露）を上方に弾き飛ばして取り除く。 Next, the operation of the air cooler 100 during cooling will be described. By rotating the blower fan 2 in the direction opposite to that at the time of defrosting, a wind (air flow) in the Z2 direction is generated as shown in FIG. 3 (b), and a warm wind coming in from the outside of the air cooler 100 is generated. The (air) W4 comes into contact with the heat transfer surfaces 13 and 130 and is cooled to form a bundle of a plurality of winds W5 passing through the plurality of holes 3a. Then, the wind W5 is merged into the wind W6, which is blown out of the refrigerator by the blower fan 2 to cool the outside of the refrigerator. The wind W6 collides with the heat transfer surface 130 and removes the frost F (or dew condensation due to supercooled water droplets) adhering to the heat transfer surface 130 by flipping it upward.

（第１実施形態の効果）
第１実施形態では、以下のような効果を得ることができる。 (Effect of the first embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

第１実施形態では、上記のように、平板状部材３を、送風ファン２により送り出された後に伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように入射する風Ｗ２を通過させるための複数の穴部３ａを含むように構成する。これにより、伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように流入する風Ｗ２により、複数の穴部３ａを通過して伝熱表面１３に対して衝突する複数の衝突噴流流れが生じるので、送風ファン２の霜に対する風圧を大きくすることができる。これにより、風圧を補うための付帯設備（たとえば、送風圧縮機や、エアータンク）を別途設けることなく、熱交換器１の伝熱表面１３に付着した霜Ｆを十分に取り除くことができる。すなわち、熱交換器１の伝熱表面１３に付着した霜Ｆを十分に取り除きながら、空気冷却器１００が大型化するのを抑制することができる。 In the first embodiment, as described above, for passing the flat plate-shaped member 3 through the wind W2 which is sent out by the blower fan 2 and then is incident so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13. It is configured to include a plurality of holes 3a. As a result, the wind W2 flowing in so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13 causes a plurality of collision jet flows that pass through the plurality of holes 3a and collide with the heat transfer surface 13. Therefore, the wind pressure of the blower fan 2 against frost can be increased. As a result, the frost F adhering to the heat transfer surface 13 of the heat exchanger 1 can be sufficiently removed without separately providing ancillary equipment (for example, a blower compressor or an air tank) for supplementing the wind pressure. That is, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the air cooler 100 while sufficiently removing the frost F adhering to the heat transfer surface 13 of the heat exchanger 1.

また、第１実施形態では、上記のように、送風ファン２を、熱交換器１の伝熱表面１３に沿ったＺ１方向（第１方向）に風を送り出すように設け、伝熱表面１３のＺ１方向（第１方向）の下流側に配置され、送風ファン２により送り出された風Ｗ０（風Ｗ１）を平板状部材３に設けられた複数の穴部３ａを通過させて、伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように導風するための導風部材４を設ける。これにより、送風ファン２により送り出される風Ｗ０が伝熱表面１３に沿った方向である場合にも、導風部材４により伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように導風することができるので、伝熱表面１３に付着した霜Ｆを効果的に取り除くことができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the blower fan 2 is provided so as to blow out the air in the Z1 direction (first direction) along the heat transfer surface 13 of the heat exchanger 1, and the heat transfer surface 13 is provided. The heat transfer surface 13 is arranged on the downstream side in the Z1 direction (first direction), and the wind W0 (wind W1) sent out by the blower fan 2 is passed through a plurality of holes 3a provided in the flat plate member 3. A wind guide member 4 for guiding the wind so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the air is provided. As a result, even when the wind W0 sent out by the blower fan 2 is in the direction along the heat transfer surface 13, the wind guide member 4 guides the wind so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13. Therefore, the frost F adhering to the heat transfer surface 13 can be effectively removed.

また、第１実施形態では、上記のように、導風部材４を、平板状部材３のＺ１方向（第１方向）の下流側の端部に接続されるとともにＺ１方向（第１方向）に延びる平板状部材３の表面に対して直交するＸ２方向（第２方向）に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面１３に交差する（略直交する）ように導風するための第１導風部材４１と、平板状部材３のＺ１方向（第１方向）の上流側の端部に接続されるとともにＺ１方向（第１方向）に延びる平板状部材の表面に対して直交するＸ２方向（第２方向）とは反対のＸ１方向（第３方向）に沿って延びるように設けられ、伝熱表面１３に沿うように入射する風を遮るための第２導風部材４２とを含む。このように構成すれば、送風ファン２から送り出された伝熱表面１３に沿う方向の風Ｗ０を、第１導風部材４１により伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）方向に導風することができるので、伝熱表面１３に付着した霜Ｆを風（気流）により十分に取り除くことができる。また、送風ファン２から送り出された風Ｗ０が伝熱表面１３と平板状部材３との間に直接流入するのを、第２導風部材４２により遮ることができる。これにより、平板状部材３の穴部３ａを通過した伝熱表面１３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように入射（流入）する風Ｗ２の流れる方向が、伝熱表面１３と平板状部材３との間に直接流入する風Ｗ０の流れによって変化させられることを抑制することができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the wind guide member 4 is connected to the downstream end of the flat plate member 3 in the Z1 direction (first direction) and in the Z1 direction (first direction). A first guide for guiding air so as to extend along the X2 direction (second direction) orthogonal to the surface of the extending flat plate member 3 and to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13. The wind member 41 is connected to the upstream end of the flat plate member 3 in the Z1 direction (first direction) and extends in the Z1 direction (first direction) in the X2 direction (X2 direction) orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member. It is provided so as to extend along the X1 direction (third direction) opposite to the second direction), and includes a second wind guide member 42 for blocking incident wind along the heat transfer surface 13. With this configuration, the wind W0 in the direction along the heat transfer surface 13 sent out from the blow fan 2 is guided by the first air guide member 41 in a direction intersecting (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 13. Since it can be winded, the frost F adhering to the heat transfer surface 13 can be sufficiently removed by the wind (air flow). Further, the second wind guide member 42 can block the wind W0 sent out from the blow fan 2 from directly flowing between the heat transfer surface 13 and the flat plate member 3. As a result, the flow direction of the wind W2 that is incident (inflowing) so as to intersect (substantially orthogonally) with respect to the heat transfer surface 13 that has passed through the hole 3a of the flat plate-shaped member 3 is the heat transfer surface 13 and the flat plate-shaped member. It is possible to suppress the change due to the flow of the wind W0 that directly flows in between the 3 and 3.

また、第１実施形態では、上記のように、平板状部材３と導風部材４とは、一体的に形成されている。このように構成すれば、１枚の板状部材を折り曲げるだけで、容易に、平板状部材３と導風部材４とを形成することができる。また、平板状部材３と導風部材４とを別個に設ける場合と異なり、部品点数が増加するのを抑制することができる。また、平板状部材３と導風部材４とが一体的に形成されていることにより、平板状部材３および導風部材４を個別に支持することなく、平板状部材３および導風部材４を所望の位置に固定することができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are integrally formed. With this configuration, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 can be easily formed by simply bending one plate-shaped member. Further, unlike the case where the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are provided separately, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of parts. Further, since the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guiding member 4 are integrally formed, the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guiding member 4 can be supported without individually supporting the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the air guiding member 4. It can be fixed in a desired position.

また、第１実施形態では、上記のように、熱交換器１は扁平形状を有するとともに、内部に冷媒が流れる複数の流路１ａを有するように構成されている。これにより、伝熱表面１３を比較的大きくすることができるので、伝熱表面１３に冷却のためのフィンなどを別途設ける必要がない。これにより、空気冷却器１００の構成を簡略化することができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the heat exchanger 1 has a flat shape and is configured to have a plurality of flow paths 1a through which the refrigerant flows. As a result, the heat transfer surface 13 can be made relatively large, so that it is not necessary to separately provide cooling fins or the like on the heat transfer surface 13. This makes it possible to simplify the configuration of the air cooler 100.

また、第１実施形態では、上記のように、伝熱表面１３の下方に配置され、伝熱表面１３から取り除かれた霜Ｆを集積し、外部に排出するための排出機構５をさらに備える。このように構成すれば、集積された霜Ｆを排出機構５において一部融解させて、氷水の状態にして空気冷却器１００の外部に排出することができるので、霜の状態で空気冷却器の外部に排出される場合と異なり、取り除かれた霜（氷水）の処置を容易に行うことができる。 Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, a discharge mechanism 5 is further provided, which is arranged below the heat transfer surface 13 and collects the frost F removed from the heat transfer surface 13 and discharges it to the outside. With this configuration, the accumulated frost F can be partially melted in the discharge mechanism 5 to be in the state of ice water and discharged to the outside of the air cooler 100. Therefore, the air cooler can be discharged in the state of frost. Unlike the case where the air is discharged to the outside, the removed frost (ice water) can be easily treated.

（第２実施形態）
次に、図６〜図８を参照して、第２実施形態の空気冷却器２００について説明する。第２実施形態では、上記第１実施形態とは異なり、互いに対向する（略平行となる）ように第１平板状部材３１と第２平板状部材３２とが設けられている。なお、図中において、上記第１実施形態と同様の構成には、同じ符号を付して図示するとともに説明を省略する。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, the air cooler 200 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. In the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the first flat plate-shaped member 31 and the second flat plate-shaped member 32 are provided so as to face each other (substantially parallel to each other). In the drawings, the same configurations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

第２実施形態では、図６および図７に示すように、熱交換器１０１は、送風ファン２によって風Ｗ０が送り出されるＺ１方向に対して交差する（略直交する）Ｘ方向（Ｘ１方向およびＸ２方向）において互いに対向する（略平行となる）ように配置される第１伝熱表面１３１と第２伝熱表面１３２とを含む。また、空気冷却器２００は、平板状部材３０１を備えている。平板状部材３０１は、第１伝熱表面１３１に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向する（略平行となる）ように設けられる第１平板状部材３１と、第２伝熱表面１３２に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向する（略平行となる）ように設けられる第２平板状部材３２とを含む。 In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the heat exchanger 101 intersects (substantially orthogonally) the Z1 direction in which the wind W0 is sent out by the blower fan 2 in the X direction (X1 direction and X2). Includes a first heat transfer surface 131 and a second heat transfer surface 132 arranged so as to face (substantially parallel) each other in the direction). Further, the air cooler 200 includes a flat plate member 301. The flat plate-shaped member 301 is provided so as to face (substantially parallel to) the first heat transfer surface 131 at a predetermined interval with respect to the first flat plate-shaped member 31 and the second heat transfer surface 132. It includes a second flat plate-shaped member 32 provided so as to face each other (substantially parallel) with a predetermined interval.

また、空気冷却器２００は、導風部材４０１を備えている。導風部材４０１は、第１導風部材４３と第２導風部材４４とを含む。第１平板状部材３１のＺ１方向側の端部と第２平板状部材３２のＺ１方向側の端部とは、第１導風部材４３により接続されている。また、第１平板状部材３１のＺ２方向側の端部と第２平板状部材３２のＺ２方向側の端部とは、第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２を跨いだ状態で、第２導風部材４４により接続されている。 Further, the air cooler 200 includes a wind guide member 401. The wind guide member 401 includes a first wind guide member 43 and a second wind guide member 44. The end of the first flat plate member 31 on the Z1 direction side and the end of the second flat plate member 32 on the Z1 direction side are connected by the first air guide member 43. Further, the end portion of the first flat plate-shaped member 31 on the Z2 direction side and the end portion of the second flat plate-shaped member 32 on the Z2 direction side straddle the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132. , Connected by a second air guide member 44.

ここで、空気冷却器２００の除霜時の運転について説明する。送風ファン２により送り出された風Ｗ０は、図８（ａ）（空気冷却器２００のＸ−Ｙ平面における断面）に示すように、複数の第２導風部材４４の間に風Ｗ１１（主流空気）として流れ込む。そして、第１導風部材４３は、風Ｗ１１を第１平板状部材３１に設けられた複数の穴部３ａを通過させて、第１伝熱表面１３１に対して交差する（略直交する）風Ｗ２１と、風Ｗ１１を第２平板状部材３２に設けられた複数の穴部３ａを通過させて、第２伝熱表面１３２に対して交差する（略直交する）風Ｗ２２とに分けて導風する。第１平板状部材３１の穴部３ａを通過した複数の風Ｗ２１と第２平板状部材３２の穴部３ａを通過した風Ｗ２２とは、それぞれ第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２に対して交差する（略直交する）ように入射する衝突噴流流れとなる。風Ｗ２１および風Ｗ２２の各々は、それぞれ第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２に衝突して第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２に対して交差する（略直交する）ように入射（流入）する。入射した風Ｗ２１および風Ｗ２２の各々により、第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２に付着した霜Ｆ（または、過冷却された水滴による結露）を弾き飛ばして取り除いた後に、霜Ｆと共に風Ｗ３１および風Ｗ３２として流れ出て行く。第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２は、衝突噴流流れであるため、第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２に付着した霜Ｆを十分に取り除くことができる。 Here, the operation of the air cooler 200 at the time of defrosting will be described. As shown in FIG. 8A (cross section of the air cooler 200 in the XY plane), the wind W0 sent out by the blower fan 2 is the wind W11 (mainstream air) between the plurality of second air guide members 44. ) Flows in. Then, the first wind guide member 43 allows the wind W11 to pass through the plurality of holes 3a provided in the first flat plate-shaped member 31 and intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the first heat transfer surface 131. The wind is divided into the wind W21 and the wind W22 which allows the wind W11 to pass through a plurality of holes 3a provided in the second flat plate member 32 and intersects (substantially orthogonal to) the second heat transfer surface 132. To do. The plurality of winds W21 that have passed through the hole 3a of the first flat plate member 31 and the wind W22 that has passed through the hole 3a of the second flat plate member 32 are the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132, respectively. It is a collision jet flow that is incident so as to intersect (approximately orthogonally) with respect to. Each of the wind W21 and the wind W22 collides with the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 and intersects the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 (approximately orthogonal to each other). Incident (inflow). Frost F (or dew condensation due to supercooled water droplets) attached to the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 is removed by the incident wind W21 and wind W22, respectively, and then the frost F is removed. Together with it, it flows out as wind W31 and wind W32. Since the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 are collision jet flows, the frost F adhering to the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 can be sufficiently removed.

また、取り除かれた霜Ｆは、第１実施形態と同様に、排出機構５により集積された後、排出される。 Further, the removed frost F is discharged after being accumulated by the discharge mechanism 5 as in the first embodiment.

次に、空気冷却器２００の冷却時の運転について説明する。送風ファン２を除霜時とは逆に回転させることにより、図８（ｂ）に示すように、Ｚ２方向への風（気流）が生じ、空気冷却器２００の外から入ってきた暖かい風（空気）Ｗ４１が、第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２と接触して冷却され、複数の穴部３ａを通る複数の風Ｗ５１および風Ｗ５２となる。そして、風Ｗ５１および風Ｗ５２は、合流して風Ｗ６１となり、送風ファン２により空気冷却器２００の外部に吹き出され、空気冷却器２００の外部を冷やす。 Next, the operation of the air cooler 200 during cooling will be described. By rotating the blower fan 2 in the direction opposite to that at the time of defrosting, a wind (air flow) in the Z2 direction is generated as shown in FIG. 8 (b), and a warm wind (air flow) entering from the outside of the air cooler 200 ( Air) W41 comes into contact with the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 and is cooled to become a plurality of winds W51 and W52 passing through the plurality of holes 3a. Then, the wind W51 and the wind W52 merge to form the wind W61, which is blown out by the blower fan 2 to the outside of the air cooler 200 to cool the outside of the air cooler 200.

（第２実施形態の効果）
第２実施形態では、以下のような効果を得ることができる。 (Effect of the second embodiment)
In the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

第２実施形態では、上記のように、熱交換器１の伝熱表面１３は、送風ファン２によって風Ｗ０が送り出されるＺ１方向に対して交差する（略直交する）Ｘ方向（Ｘ１方向およびＸ２方向）において互いに対向する（略平行となる）ように配置される第１伝熱表面１３１と第２伝熱表面１３２とを含み、平板状部材３は、第１伝熱表面１３１に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向する（略平行となる）ように設けられる第１平板状部材３１と、第２伝熱表面１３２に対して所定の間隔を隔てて対向する（略平行となる）ように設けられる第２平板状部材３２とを含む。これにより、互いに対向する（略平行となる）ように配置されている第１伝熱表面１３１と第２伝熱表面１３２とに沿うように送風ファン２から送り出された風Ｗ０を、第１伝熱表面１３１と第２伝熱表面１３２とに対して交差する（略直交する）ように容易に導風することができる。その結果、第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２の各々に付着した霜Ｆを効果的に取り除くことができる。 In the second embodiment, as described above, the heat transfer surface 13 of the heat exchanger 1 intersects (substantially orthogonally) the Z1 direction in which the wind W0 is sent out by the blower fan 2 in the X direction (X1 direction and X2). The flat plate-shaped member 3 includes a first heat transfer surface 131 and a second heat transfer surface 132 arranged so as to face each other (substantially parallel to each other) in the direction), and the flat plate member 3 is predetermined with respect to the first heat transfer surface 131. The first flat plate-shaped member 31 provided so as to face each other (substantially parallel) with a distance between the two, and the second heat transfer surface 132 so as to face each other (substantially parallel) with a predetermined distance. Includes a second flat plate member 32 provided. As a result, the wind W0 sent out from the blower fan 2 along the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 arranged so as to face each other (substantially parallel) is first transmitted. The air can be easily guided so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132. As a result, the frost F adhering to each of the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132 can be effectively removed.

なお、第２実施形態のその他の効果は、上記第１実施形態と同様である。 The other effects of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

（第３実施形態）
次に、図９を参照して、第３実施形態の空気冷却器３００について説明する。第３実施形態では、上記第１実施形態とは異なり、導風部材が設けられていない。 (Third Embodiment)
Next, the air cooler 300 of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the wind guide member is not provided.

第３実施形態では、図９に示すように、熱交換器１０２の伝熱表面１３３と平板状部材３０２とは、対向する（略平行となる）ように配置されている。送風ファン２は、伝熱表面１３３に対して交差する（略直交する）ように風Ｗ８を送り出す。送風ファン２から送り出される風Ｗ８は、筐体Ｃの内部を通過して、平板状部材３０２に到達する。平板状部材３０２の穴部３ａを通過した風Ｗ８は、衝突噴流流れである風Ｗ９となり、伝熱表面１３３に交差する（略直交する）ように衝突し、伝熱表面１３３に付着している霜Ｆ（結露を含む）を取り除く。取り除かれた霜Ｆは、落下し、伝熱表面１３３の下部に設けられる図示しない排出機構５により集積され、排出される。なお、図９において、伝熱表面１３３の凹凸構造を省略して示した。 In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the heat transfer surface 133 of the heat exchanger 102 and the flat plate member 302 are arranged so as to face each other (substantially parallel to each other). The blower fan 2 sends out the wind W8 so as to intersect (substantially orthogonal to) the heat transfer surface 133. The wind W8 sent out from the blower fan 2 passes through the inside of the housing C and reaches the flat plate-shaped member 302. The wind W8 that has passed through the hole 3a of the flat plate member 302 becomes the wind W9 that is a collision jet flow, collides with the heat transfer surface 133 so as to intersect (approximately orthogonally), and adheres to the heat transfer surface 133. Remove frost F (including condensation). The removed frost F falls, is accumulated by a discharge mechanism 5 (not shown) provided below the heat transfer surface 133, and is discharged. In FIG. 9, the uneven structure of the heat transfer surface 133 is omitted.

なお、第３実施形態のその他の効果は、上記第１実施形態と同様である。 The other effects of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

（変形例）
なお、今回開示された実施形態は、すべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記した実施形態の説明ではなく特許請求の範囲によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更（変形例）が含まれる。 (Modification example)
It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and are not considered to be restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the description of the above-described embodiment, and further includes all modifications (modifications) within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

たとえば、上記第１〜第３実施形態では、伝熱表面が略平坦な曲がりのない平面形状である例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、伝熱表面が曲面等により構成されてもよい。この場合、平板状部材も、伝熱表面と所定の間隔を隔てて伝熱表面と沿うような曲面等により構成する。 For example, in the first to third embodiments, the heat transfer surface has a substantially flat flat shape without bending, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the heat transfer surface may be formed of a curved surface or the like. In this case, the flat plate-shaped member is also formed by a curved surface or the like along the heat transfer surface at a predetermined distance from the heat transfer surface.

また、上記第１〜第３実施形態では、図２等に示すように、伝熱表面を、Ｙ方向およびＺ方向にそれぞれ延びる凹部（溝）が繰り返し設けられ、凹部に囲まれた微小な凸部がＹ方向およびＺ方向に周期的に表れるように例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、図１１に示すように、（たとえば、アルミニウム、銅、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンなどにより作成される）金網１３５ａを平坦な伝熱表面１３５に貼り付けることにより微細な凹凸構造を設けてもよい。この場合、金網１３５ａは、たとえば、溝ピッチ（間隔）および溝深さが数百〜千μｍ程度である。これにより、金網１３６ａは、入手が容易であるとともに、伝熱表面１３５に対して支持部分１３５ｂを接着剤により貼り付けるだけで固定できるので、平坦な伝熱表面１３５に微細な凹凸構造を容易に構成することができる。なお、支持部分１３５ｂは、伝熱表面１３５と金網１３６ａとに挟まれた部分である。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the heat transfer surface is repeatedly provided with recesses (grooves) extending in the Y direction and the Z direction, respectively, and minute protrusions surrounded by the recesses. An example is shown so that the portions appear periodically in the Y direction and the Z direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, even if a wire mesh 135a (made of, for example, aluminum, copper, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.) is attached to a flat heat transfer surface 135 to provide a fine uneven structure. Good. In this case, the wire mesh 135a has, for example, a groove pitch (interval) and a groove depth of about several hundred to 1,000 μm. As a result, the wire mesh 136a can be easily obtained and can be fixed to the heat transfer surface 135 simply by attaching the support portion 135b to the heat transfer surface 135 with an adhesive, so that a fine uneven structure can be easily formed on the flat heat transfer surface 135. Can be configured. The support portion 135b is a portion sandwiched between the heat transfer surface 135 and the wire mesh 136a.

また、上記第１〜第３実施形態では、平板状部材に開けられた穴部が円形である例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、穴部を六角形（多角形）や十字形等または円形とそれら形の組み合わせにより構成してもよい。また、穴部の開けられるパターンは、マトリクス状配列の他、千鳥格子状配列や不規則配列のように構成してもよい。また、穴部は、場所によって開けられる穴の形、大きさや密度等を変えてもよい。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, the example in which the hole formed in the flat plate-shaped member is circular has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the hole portion may be formed of a hexagon (polygon), a cross, etc., or a combination of a circle and those shapes. Further, the pattern in which the holes can be formed may be configured such as a houndstooth arrangement or an irregular arrangement in addition to the matrix arrangement. Further, the shape, size, density and the like of the holes to be drilled may be changed depending on the location.

また、上記第１〜第３実施形態では、平板状部材および導風部材を金属により構成する例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、平板状部材および導風部材を、樹脂製の板（たとえば、プラスチック）により構成してもよい。なお、平板状部材３および導風部材４を樹脂により構成する場合も、１つの成形型により一体的に形成することができる。なお、平板状部材および導風部材を樹脂製にすることにより、平板状部材および導風部材に結露や霜が付着するのを抑制することができる。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, an example in which the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member are made of metal has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member may be made of a resin plate (for example, plastic). Even when the flat plate-shaped member 3 and the wind guide member 4 are made of resin, they can be integrally formed by one molding die. By making the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member made of resin, it is possible to prevent dew condensation and frost from adhering to the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member.

また、上記第１〜第３実施形態では、空気冷却器をユニットクーラに用いる例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、たとえば、大型冷蔵庫（大型冷凍庫）など、冷凍サイクルを構成する装置に空気冷却器を広く用いることができる。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, an example in which an air cooler is used as a unit cooler has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, an air cooler can be widely used in a device constituting a refrigeration cycle, for example, a large refrigerator (large freezer).

また、本発明では、扁平多孔管を有する熱交換器に本発明を適用する例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。扁平多孔管を有する熱交換器以外の熱交換器に本発明を適用してもよい。 Further, in the present invention, an example of applying the present invention to a heat exchanger having a flat perforated tube has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention may be applied to heat exchangers other than heat exchangers having a flat perforated tube.

また、上記第１〜３実施形態では、平板状部材の穴部を通過して入射（流入）する風が、伝熱表面に対して略直交するように構成する例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、伝熱表面に対して入射する風は、伝熱表面に対して斜めに入射（流入）するように構成してもよい。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, an example is shown in which the wind incident (inflowing) through the hole portion of the flat plate-shaped member is configured to be substantially orthogonal to the heat transfer surface. Is not limited to this. In the present invention, the wind incident on the heat transfer surface may be configured to enter (inflow) diagonally with respect to the heat transfer surface.

また、上記第１〜３実施形態では、平板状部材および伝熱表面、第１伝熱表面および第２伝熱表面、第１平板状部材および第２平板状部材が、各々略平行となるように構成する例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、平板状部材および伝熱表面、第１伝熱表面および第２伝熱表面、第１平板状部材および第２平板状部材を、各々斜めに対向する（略平行となる）ように構成してもよい。 Further, in the first to third embodiments, the flat plate-shaped member and the heat transfer surface, the first heat transfer surface and the second heat transfer surface, the first flat plate-shaped member and the second flat plate-shaped member are substantially parallel to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the flat plate-shaped member and the heat transfer surface, the first heat transfer surface and the second heat transfer surface, the first flat plate-shaped member and the second flat plate-shaped member are obliquely opposed (substantially parallel to each other). It may be configured.

また、上記第１および第２実施形態では、平板状部材と導風部材とが一体的に形成される例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、平板状部材と導風部材とを個別に構成してもよい。この場合、平板状部材と導風部材とを異なる材質により構成してもよい。 Further, in the first and second embodiments, an example in which the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member are integrally formed has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member may be individually configured. In this case, the flat plate-shaped member and the air guiding member may be made of different materials.

また、上記第１および第２実施形態では、導風部材に穴部設けられていない例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、図１０に示すように、第１導風部材４５および第２導風部材４６に穴部を設けてもよい。これにより、全体に一様な穴部が設けられた板を曲げることにより、平板状部材３０３および導風部材４０３を形成することができる。この場合、平板状部材３０３の第１平板状部材３３および第２平板状部材３４に対応する部分のみに穴部３ａが形成されるように金属板を設計する必要がないので、その分、平板状部材３０３および導風部材４０３を容易に形成することができる。なお、簡略化のために、図１０では、熱交換器１０１（第１伝熱表面１３１および第２伝熱表面１３２を有する扁平形状の部分）、平板状部材３０３および導風部材４０３は、厚みを省略して示している。なお、図１０中の符号は、第２実施形態に基づいて示した。 Further, in the first and second embodiments, an example in which the air guide member is not provided with a hole is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, holes may be provided in the first air guide member 45 and the second air guide member 46. As a result, the flat plate-shaped member 303 and the wind guide member 403 can be formed by bending a plate provided with a uniform hole portion as a whole. In this case, it is not necessary to design the metal plate so that the hole 3a is formed only in the portion corresponding to the first flat plate-shaped member 33 and the second flat plate-shaped member 34 of the flat plate-shaped member 303. The shape member 303 and the wind guide member 403 can be easily formed. For simplification, in FIG. 10, the heat exchanger 101 (the flat portion having the first heat transfer surface 131 and the second heat transfer surface 132), the flat plate-shaped member 303, and the air guide member 403 are thick. Is omitted. The reference numerals in FIG. 10 are shown based on the second embodiment.

また、上記第１および第２実施形態の熱交換器の折り返しの回数（伝熱表面１３の枚数）は、図中で示したものに限られない。装置のサイズや冷却能力などの設計に合わせて、折り返しの回数は定められる。 Further, the number of turns of the heat exchangers of the first and second embodiments (the number of heat transfer surfaces 13) is not limited to that shown in the figure. The number of turns is determined according to the design such as the size of the device and the cooling capacity.

また、上記第１および第２実施形態の熱交換器は、扁平形状の部分の端部や扁平形状の部分の半円筒形の折り返し部分が断熱されていてもよい。この場合、たとえば、端部や折り返し部分を断熱材により構成するか、端部や折り返し部分の表面に断熱材を貼り付けて構成する。なお、熱交換器野の端部や折り返し部分を断熱することにより、扁平形状の部分の端部や折り返し部分に霜が付着するのを抑制することができる。 Further, in the heat exchangers of the first and second embodiments, the end portion of the flat portion and the semi-cylindrical folded portion of the flat portion may be insulated. In this case, for example, the end portion and the folded portion are made of a heat insulating material, or the heat insulating material is attached to the surface of the end portion and the folded portion. By insulating the end portion and the folded portion of the heat exchanger field, it is possible to prevent frost from adhering to the end portion and the folded portion of the flat portion.

また、上記第３実施形態では、片側の伝熱表面に送風ファンおよび平板状部材を設ける例を示したが、本発明はこれに限られない。本発明では、両側の伝熱表面に送風ファンおよび平板状部材を設けてもよい。 Further, in the third embodiment, an example in which a blower fan and a flat plate-shaped member are provided on the heat transfer surface on one side is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a blower fan and a flat plate-shaped member may be provided on the heat transfer surfaces on both sides.

１、１０１、１０２熱交換器
１ａ流路
２送風ファン
３、３０１、３０２、３０３平板状部材
３ａ穴部、
４、４０１、４０３導風部材
５排出機構
１３、１３０、１３３、１３５伝熱表面
３１、３３第１平板状部材
３２、３４第２平板状部材
４１、４３、４５第１導風部材
４２、４４、４６第２導風部材
１００、２００、３００空気冷却器（冷却器）
１３１第１伝熱表面
１３２第２伝熱表面 1, 101, 102 Heat exchanger 1a Flow path 2 Blower fan 3, 301, 302, 303 Flat plate member 3a Hole,
4, 401, 403 Wind guide member 5 Discharge mechanism 13, 130, 133, 135 Heat transfer surface 31, 33 First flat plate member 32, 34 Second flat plate member 41, 43, 45 First wind guide member 42, 44 , 46 Second air guide member 100, 200, 300 Air cooler (cooler)
131 1st heat transfer surface 132 2nd heat transfer surface

Claims

A heat exchanger that includes a flow path for passing the refrigerant inside,
A blower fan that blows out air to remove frost adhering to the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger,
A flat plate-like member provided so as to face the heat transfer surface at a predetermined interval .
A wind guide member provided so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member is provided.
The plate-like member, seen including a plurality of holes for passing the air that enters so as to intersect with respect to the heat transfer surface after being fed by the blower fan,
The air guiding member passes the air blown out by the blowing fan through a plurality of the holes provided in the flat plate-shaped member, and guides the air so as to intersect with the heat transfer surface. A cooler that is configured to block incident wind along the heat transfer surface .

The blowing fan is that provided to deliver the air in a first direction along the heat transfer surfaces of the heat exchanger, cooler according to claim 1.

The wind guide member is
The flat plate member is connected to the downstream end of the flat plate member in the first direction and is provided so as to extend along a second direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member extending in the first direction. The first air guide member for guiding air so as to intersect the heat transfer surface,
Along a third direction opposite to the second direction, which is connected to the upstream end of the flat plate member in the first direction and is orthogonal to the surface of the flat plate member extending in the first direction. The cooler according to claim 2, further comprising a second wind guide member for blocking incident wind along the heat transfer surface.

The cooler according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the flat plate-shaped member and the wind guide member are integrally formed.

The heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger is
It includes a first heat transfer surface and a second heat transfer surface arranged so as to face each other in a direction intersecting the direction in which the wind is blown by the blower fan.
The flat plate-shaped member
A first flat plate-like member provided so as to face the first heat transfer surface at a predetermined interval, and a first plate-shaped member provided so as to face the second heat transfer surface at a predetermined interval. The cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which includes two flat plate members.

The cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat exchanger has a flat shape and has a plurality of flow paths through which a refrigerant flows.

The cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is arranged below the heat transfer surface and further includes a discharge mechanism for accumulating the frost removed from the heat transfer surface and discharging it to the outside. ..