JP6828202B1 - Free type bidirectional clutch - Google Patents
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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Abstract
【課題】入力部材からの回転が大きいトルクであっても確実に出力部材へ伝達することが可能な新規のフリータイプ双方向クラッチを提供する。【解決手段】コイルばね３０を出力部材８の内側に配置して、コイルばね３０の主部３４の外周面と出力部材８の内周面とを対向させ、入力部材６が回転すると、入力係止片１６はコイルばね３０に設けられた一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの一方を押してコイルばね３０を拡径させ、コイルばね３０の外周面が出力部材８の内周面に密接するようにする。【選択図】図１PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new free type bidirectional clutch capable of reliably transmitting a torque having a large rotation from an input member to an output member. SOLUTION: A coil spring 30 is arranged inside an output member 8 so that an outer peripheral surface of a main portion 34 of the coil spring 30 and an inner peripheral surface of the output member 8 face each other, and when the input member 6 rotates, an input device is engaged. The stop piece 16 pushes one of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b provided on the coil spring 30 to expand the diameter of the coil spring 30 so that the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring 30 is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member 8. .. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1
Description
本発明は、入力部材と出力部材との間の動力伝達状態を変更するクラッチ装置、特に、入力部材からの正・逆回転の動力を出力部材に伝達し、出力部材からの動力の伝達は、出力部材を空転させて遮断するフリータイプ双方向クラッチに関するものである。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a clutch device for changing a power transmission state between an input member and an output member, particularly, forward / reverse rotation power from the input member is transmitted to the output member, and power transmission from the output member is performed. It relates to a free type bidirectional clutch that idles and shuts off an output member.
モーターなどの駆動源から機械装置あるいは作業機器等を駆動する動力伝達系では、駆動する機器の特性に対応するよう各種の伝達装置が使用される。このような伝達装置の中で双方向クラッチと呼ばれるものは、入力軸（駆動側）から出力軸（従動側）への動力伝達では、入力軸の正方向回転及び逆方向回転をともに出力軸に伝達し、反対向きの、出力軸から入力軸への動力伝達は遮断する機能を備えている。双方向クラッチには、出力軸からの動力伝達を遮断するときに出力軸を空転させるクラッチがあり、フリータイプ双方向クラッチと呼ばれている。 In a power transmission system that drives a mechanical device, a work device, or the like from a drive source such as a motor, various transmission devices are used so as to correspond to the characteristics of the device to be driven. Among such transmission devices, what is called a bidirectional clutch uses the output shaft for both forward and reverse rotation of the input shaft when transmitting power from the input shaft (drive side) to the output shaft (driven side). It has the function of transmitting and blocking the power transmission from the output shaft to the input shaft in the opposite direction. The bidirectional clutch includes a clutch that idles the output shaft when the power transmission from the output shaft is cut off, and is called a free type bidirectional clutch.
フリータイプ双方向クラッチは、一例として、巻き上げ式の電動カーテン等を手動でも操作できるようにした開閉駆動装置に適用することができる。この場合、フリータイプ双方向クラッチは、駆動モーターとカーテンの巻き上げ機構との間に介在され、入力軸に駆動モーターが、出力軸に巻き上げ機構が連結される。駆動モーターを正・逆回転させるとカーテンの昇降が可能であるとともに、駆動モーターの停止位置においては、手動による巻き上げ機構の操作が可能であって、このときには、出力軸が空転するので駆動モーターに悪影響を及ぼすことがない。こうした機能は、駆動モーターと巻き上げ機構との間に電磁クラッチを設置し、これを断・接しても達成できるが、電磁クラッチを作動させるには電力を必要とし、電力制御のための複雑な制御装置等も必要となる。 As an example, the free-type bidirectional clutch can be applied to an opening / closing drive device in which a winding-type electric curtain or the like can be manually operated. In this case, the free-type bidirectional clutch is interposed between the drive motor and the curtain winding mechanism, and the drive motor is connected to the input shaft and the winding mechanism is connected to the output shaft. The curtain can be raised and lowered by rotating the drive motor forward and reverse, and the winding mechanism can be manually operated at the stop position of the drive motor. At this time, the output shaft idles, so the drive motor can be used. There is no adverse effect. These functions can be achieved by installing an electromagnetic clutch between the drive motor and the hoisting mechanism, and disconnecting and connecting the clutch. However, power is required to operate the electromagnetic clutch, and complicated control for power control is required. Equipment etc. are also required.
下記特許文献１には、フリータイプ双方向クラッチの一例が示されている。このフリータイプ双方向クラッチは、断面が円弧形状である筒状の入力係止片を有する入力部材と、入力係止片の内側に挿通される断面円形の中実棒状の出力部材と、入力係止片と出力部材との間に配置されるコイルばねと、入力係止片の外側に配置されるリテーナとを具備している。コイルばねは、線材が巻回された主部と、この主部の軸方向両端において線材が径方向外側に向かって傾斜して延びる一対のフック部とを備えている。コイルばねが自由状態にあるときのコイルばねの主部の内径は出力部材の外径よりも大きく且つ入力係止片の内径よりも小さく、コイルばねが自由状態にあるときは、出力部材はコイルばねに対して回転可能である。コイルばねの一対のフック部は共に、入力係止片に形成された周方向隙間を通過して入力係止片の外側に突出し、リテーナの内周面に形成された凹溝においてリテーナと係合している。なお、リテーナには抵抗トルク付与手段によって所定の抵抗トルクが付与されている。 The following Patent Document 1 shows an example of a free type bidirectional clutch. This free-type bidirectional clutch has an input member having a tubular input locking piece having an arc-shaped cross section, a solid rod-shaped output member having a circular cross section inserted inside the input locking piece, and an input member. It includes a coil spring arranged between the stop piece and the output member, and a retainer arranged outside the input locking piece. The coil spring includes a main portion around which the wire rod is wound, and a pair of hook portions in which the wire rod extends radially outward at both ends in the axial direction of the main portion. When the coil spring is in the free state, the inner diameter of the main part of the coil spring is larger than the outer diameter of the output member and smaller than the inner diameter of the input locking piece, and when the coil spring is in the free state, the output member is the coil. It is rotatable with respect to the spring. Both of the pair of hooks of the coil spring pass through the circumferential gap formed in the input locking piece, project to the outside of the input locking piece, and engage with the retainer in the concave groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the retainer. doing. A predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer by the resistance torque applying means.
そして、入力部材が回転すると、入力係止片の開口部を通過する上記一対のフック部の一方が入力係止片によって周方向に押されてコイルばねはその全体が入力部材と一体となって回転しようとする。しかしながら、リテーナには所定の抵抗トルクが付与されていることから、上記一対のフック部の他方は、上記凹溝においてリテーナと係合して一時的に角度位置が保持され、この間にコイルばねは出力部材の外周面を締め付ける。入力部材が更に回転すると、入力係止片、コイルばね、及び出力部材と共にリテーナは一体となって抵抗トルク付与手段による抵抗トルクに抗して回転する。一方、出力部材から入力部材への回転の伝達は、上記したとおりコイルばねが自由状態にあるときは、出力部材はコイルばねに対して回転可能であることから、出力部材が空転して遮断される。 Then, when the input member rotates, one of the pair of hook portions passing through the opening of the input locking piece is pushed in the circumferential direction by the input locking piece, and the coil spring as a whole becomes one with the input member. Try to rotate. However, since a predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer, the other of the pair of hook portions engages with the retainer in the concave groove to temporarily hold the angular position, during which the coil spring Tighten the outer peripheral surface of the output member. When the input member further rotates, the retainer is integrally rotated together with the input locking piece, the coil spring, and the output member against the resistance torque by the resistance torque applying means. On the other hand, the transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is interrupted by idling of the output member because the output member can rotate with respect to the coil spring when the coil spring is in the free state as described above. To.
しかしながら、本発明者の見解によれば、上述したフリータイプ双方向クラッチにあっては、入力部材から出力部材へ大きな回転トルクを伝達しようとすると、コイルばねの内周面と出力部材の外周面との間で滑りが生じ、回転が伝達されなくなる虞がある。 However, according to the view of the present inventor, in the above-mentioned free type bidirectional clutch, when a large rotational torque is to be transmitted from the input member to the output member, the inner peripheral surface of the coil spring and the outer peripheral surface of the output member There is a risk that slippage will occur between the vehicle and the rotation, and the rotation will not be transmitted.
本発明は上記事実に鑑みてなされたものであり、その主たる技術的課題は、入力部材からの回転が大きいトルクであっても確実に出力部材へ伝達することが可能な新規のフリータイプ双方向クラッチを提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above facts, and its main technical problem is a novel free-type bidirectional that can reliably transmit even a large torque from an input member to an output member. To provide a clutch.
本発明者は、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、コイルばねを出力部材の内側に配置して、コイルばねの主部の外周面と出力部材の内周面とを対向させ、入力部材が回転すると、入力係止片はコイルばねに設けられた一対のフック部の一方を押してコイルばねを拡径させ、コイルばねの外周面が出力部材の内周面に密接するようにする、ことで上記主たる技術的課題を解決できることを見出した。 As a result of diligent studies, the present inventor has arranged the coil spring inside the output member so that the outer peripheral surface of the main part of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member face each other, and when the input member rotates, The input locking piece pushes one of the pair of hooks provided on the coil spring to expand the diameter of the coil spring so that the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member. We found that we could solve the problem.
即ち、本発明によれば、軸部材の周りを回転可能な入力部材及び出力部材を備え、前記入力部材からの正・逆方向の回転は前記出力部材に伝達されるとともに、前記出力部材から前記入力部材への回転の伝達は、前記出力部材が空転して遮断されるフリータイプ双方向クラッチであって、
前記入力部材は、前記軸部材に挿通される入力端板と、前記入力端板から軸方向に延びる入力係止片とを備え、
前記出力部材は筒状であって内側には断面円形の空間部が設けられており、前記空間部には、前記入力係止片と、コイルばねと、リテーナとが配設され、
前記コイルばねは、線材が巻回された主部と、前記主部の軸方向両端において前記線材が径方向内側に屈曲せしめられた一対のフック部とを備え、前記主部の外周面は前記出力部材の内周面と対向し、前記主部の内側には前記入力係止片が位置し、前記コイルばねが自由状態にあるときは、前記コイルばねは前記入力部材及び前記出力部材に対し回転可能であり、
前記リテーナは前記軸部材に挿通されて前記軸部材に対し回転可能であって、前記入力係止片の径方向内側に位置し、前記リテーナには前記コイルばねの前記一対のフック部の各々が係合可能な一対の係合面が形成されており、
前記リテーナには抵抗トルク付与手段によって所定の抵抗トルクが付与され、
前記入力部材が回転すると、前記入力係止片が前記コイルばねの前記一対のフック部の一方を押して前記コイルばねを拡径させ、前記コイルばねの外周面が前記出力部材の内周面に密接する、ことを特徴とするフリータイプ双方向クラッチが提供される。
That is, according to the present invention, the input member and the output member that can rotate around the shaft member are provided, and the rotation in the forward and reverse directions from the input member is transmitted to the output member, and the output member provides the said The transmission of rotation to the input member is a free-type bidirectional clutch in which the output member slips and is cut off.
The input member includes an input end plate inserted through the shaft member and an input locking piece extending axially from the input end plate.
The output member has a tubular shape and is provided with a space portion having a circular cross section inside, and the input locking piece, a coil spring, and a retainer are arranged in the space portion.
The coil spring includes a main portion around which a wire is wound and a pair of hook portions in which the wire is bent inward in the radial direction at both axial ends of the main portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the main portion is the said. When the input locking piece is located inside the main portion and the coil spring is in a free state, the coil spring faces the input member and the output member. It is rotatable and
The retainer is inserted through the shaft member and is rotatable with respect to the shaft member, is located inside the input locking piece in the radial direction, and the retainer has each of the pair of hook portions of the coil spring. A pair of engageable surfaces are formed and
A predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer by the resistance torque applying means.
When the input member rotates, the input locking piece pushes one of the pair of hook portions of the coil spring to expand the diameter of the coil spring, and the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member. A free-type bidirectional clutch is provided, characterized in that it does.
好ましくは、前記入力係止片の断面は円弧形状であって、外周面は前記コイルばねの前記主部の内周面に対し摺動可能である。この場合には、前記リテーナは筒状であって軸方向に見て円形であり、外周面は前記入力係止片の内周面に対対し、内周面は前記軸部材の外周面に対向し、前記内周面は前記軸部材の外周面に対し摺動可能であるのがよい。好適には、前記一対のフック部の各々において前記線材は、前記主部の軸方向端から周方向に向かって径方向内側に円弧状に湾曲せしめられている。前記リテーナには前記軸部材に挿通された板状のリテーナ補助が接続されており、前記出力部材の軸方向への移動は前記リテーナ補助によって規制されているのがよい。前記抵抗トルク付与手段は前記軸部材に挿通されて軸方向に付勢する波ばねであるのが好都合である。好適には、前記入力端板の外周面には入力歯車が、前記出力部材の外周面には出力歯車が夫々形成されている。 Preferably, the cross section of the input locking piece is arcuate, and the outer peripheral surface is slidable with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the main portion of the coil spring. In this case, the retainer is tubular and circular when viewed in the axial direction, the outer peripheral surface faces the inner peripheral surface of the input locking piece, and the inner peripheral surface faces the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member. However, it is preferable that the inner peripheral surface is slidable with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member. Preferably, in each of the pair of hook portions, the wire rod is curved inward in a radial direction from the axial end of the main portion in the circumferential direction. A plate-shaped retainer assist inserted through the shaft member is connected to the retainer, and the axial movement of the output member may be regulated by the retainer assist. It is convenient that the resistance torque applying means is a wave spring that is inserted through the shaft member and urges in the axial direction. Preferably, an input gear is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input end plate, and an output gear is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output member.
本発明のフリータイプ双方向クラッチにあっては、コイルばねは出力部材の内側に配置され、コイルばねの主部の外周面と出力部材の内周面とは対向し、入力部材が回転すると、入力係止片はコイルばねに設けられた一対のフック部の一方を押してコイルばねを拡径させ、コイルばねの外周面は出力部材の内周面に密接する。それ故に、入力部材の回転が出力部材に伝達される際に、コイルばねの外周面と出力部材の内周面とが密接する面積は大きく、コイルばねの主部の外周面と出力部材の内周面とが密接した状態で滑りが生じることは防止され、入力部材からの回転が大きいトルクであっても確実に出力部材へ伝達することが可能となる。更に、フック部の基端は径方向内側ではなく径方向外側に位置することから、コイルばねが出力部材の外側に配置されている場合と比較すると、同じ力でフック部を押したときに生じるフックの基端周りに生じる回転モーメントは大きくなり（所謂腕の長さが長くなるので）、小さな力であっても充分にコイルばねの外周面と出力部材の内周面とを密接させることができる。 In the free type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the coil spring is arranged inside the output member, the outer peripheral surface of the main part of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member face each other, and when the input member rotates, The input locking piece pushes one of the pair of hook portions provided on the coil spring to expand the diameter of the coil spring, and the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member. Therefore, when the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member, the area where the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member are in close contact with each other is large, and the outer peripheral surface of the main part of the coil spring and the inside of the output member It is possible to prevent slippage from occurring when the peripheral surface is in close contact with the peripheral surface, and it is possible to reliably transmit even a large torque from the input member to the output member. Furthermore, since the base end of the hook portion is located outside the radial direction instead of the inside in the radial direction, it occurs when the hook portion is pushed with the same force as compared with the case where the coil spring is arranged outside the output member. The rotational moment generated around the base end of the hook becomes large (because the so-called arm length becomes long), and even with a small force, the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member can be sufficiently brought into close contact with each other. it can.
以下、本発明に従って構成されたフリータイプ双方向クラッチの好適実施形態について添付図面を参照して、更に詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the free-type bidirectional clutch configured according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
図１及び図２を参照して説明すると、本発明に従って構成された、全体を番号２で示すフリータイプ双方向クラッチは、軸部材４の周りを回転可能な入力部材６及び出力部材８を備えている。 Explaining with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the free-type bidirectional clutch, which is configured according to the present invention and is indicated by a number 2, includes an input member 6 and an output member 8 that can rotate around the shaft member 4. ing.
軸部材４は金属製であって、中心軸ｏに沿って直線状に延びており、断面は円形である。図示の実施形態にあっては、軸部材４は図示しない固定部材に固定されているが、軸部材４は中心軸ｏを軸として回転していてもよい。軸部材４の外周面における複数（図示の実施形態においては３つ）の軸方向所定位置には夫々、円環形状の装着溝１０が形成されており、装着溝１０には夫々金属製のＣリング１２が嵌合されている。Ｃリング１２は軸部材４に対して少なくとも軸方向に固定されており、軸部材４に装着される各部材の軸方向への移動を規制している。所望ならば、Ｃリング１２は軸部材４に完全に固定されていてもよい。 The shaft member 4 is made of metal, extends linearly along the central axis o, and has a circular cross section. In the illustrated embodiment, the shaft member 4 is fixed to a fixing member (not shown), but the shaft member 4 may rotate about the central axis o. A plurality of (three in the illustrated embodiment) axially predetermined positions on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 4 are formed with ring-shaped mounting grooves 10, and the mounting grooves 10 are each made of metal C. The ring 12 is fitted. The C ring 12 is fixed to the shaft member 4 at least in the axial direction, and restricts the movement of each member mounted on the shaft member 4 in the axial direction. If desired, the C ring 12 may be completely fixed to the shaft member 4.
図１及び図２と共に図４を参照して説明すると、入力部材６は金属製であって、軸部材４に挿通される入力端板１４と、入力端板１４から軸方向に延びる入力係止片１６とを備えている。入力端板１４は円形であって、中央には軸部材４が貫通する円形の貫通穴１８が形成されている。入力端板１４の外周面には、モーターの如き図示しない駆動源に接続される入力歯車２０が形成されている。入力端板１４の軸方向片側面（図１のＡ−Ａ断面及び図４のＡ−Ａ断面において左側面）の中央には、貫通穴１８に連通する円形凹部２２が形成されている。図１のＡ−Ａ断面に示されるとおり、円形凹部２２には軸部材４に嵌合されたＣリング１２が収容され、入力端板１４の軸方向他側面（同右側面）にも軸部材４に嵌合されたＣリング１２が配置され、かくして軸部材４に対する入力端板１４（従って入力部材６全体）の軸方向位置は固定される。入力端板１４の軸方向片側面には、円形凹部２２を囲繞して軸方向に突出する円筒形状の支持壁２４も形成されている。支持壁２４の中心軸は中心軸ｏと合致し、後述するとおり支持壁２４は出力部材８を径方向に支持する。入力係止片１６は、入力端板１４の軸方向片側面の径方向中間部に設けられている。図示の実施形態においては、入力係止片１６の断面は、周方向に１８０度よりも幾分小さい角度間隔に亘って延在する円弧形状であって、その基端部の外周縁は支持壁２４の内周縁に沿って延在している。図４の左図において入力係止片１６の時計方向の上流端には押圧面２５ａが、時計方向の下流端には押圧面２５ｂが夫々規定されており、押圧面２５ａ及び２５ｂは同図において二点鎖線で示すとおり、同一の直線状に位置する。 Explaining with reference to FIG. 4 together with FIGS. 1 and 2, the input member 6 is made of metal, and the input end plate 14 inserted through the shaft member 4 and the input locking extending axially from the input end plate 14 It is equipped with a piece 16. The input end plate 14 is circular, and a circular through hole 18 through which the shaft member 4 penetrates is formed in the center. An input gear 20 connected to a drive source (not shown) such as a motor is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input end plate 14. A circular recess 22 communicating with the through hole 18 is formed in the center of one side surface of the input end plate 14 in the axial direction (the left side surface in the AA cross section of FIG. 1 and the AA cross section of FIG. 4). As shown in the AA cross section of FIG. 1, the circular recess 22 accommodates the C ring 12 fitted to the shaft member 4, and the shaft member is also on the other side surface (right side surface) of the input end plate 14 in the axial direction. A C-ring 12 fitted to 4 is arranged, thus fixing the axial position of the input end plate 14 (and thus the entire input member 6) with respect to the shaft member 4. A cylindrical support wall 24 that surrounds the circular recess 22 and projects in the axial direction is also formed on one side surface of the input end plate 14 in the axial direction. The central axis of the support wall 24 coincides with the central axis o, and the support wall 24 supports the output member 8 in the radial direction as described later. The input locking piece 16 is provided at a radial intermediate portion on one side surface in the axial direction of the input end plate 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross section of the input locking piece 16 has an arc shape extending in the circumferential direction over an angle interval slightly smaller than 180 degrees, and the outer peripheral edge of the base end portion thereof is a support wall. It extends along the inner perimeter of 24. In the left figure of FIG. 4, a pressing surface 25a is defined at the upstream end of the input locking piece 16 in the clockwise direction, and a pressing surface 25b is defined at the downstream end in the clockwise direction. The pressing surfaces 25a and 25b are defined in the same figure. As shown by the alternate long and short dash line, they are located in the same straight line.
図１及び図２と共に図５を参照して説明すると、出力部材８は金属製の筒状であって、軸部材４を囲繞してこれの径方向外側に位置し、内側には断面円形の空間部２６が設けられている。換言すれば、出力部材８の内面は円周面である。図１のＡ−Ａ断面に示すとおり、空間部２６には、入力係止片１６と、コイルばね３０と、リテーナ３２とが配設されている。空間部２６には更に、入力部材６の支持壁２４も嵌入されており、これによって出力部材８は入力部材６に対し回転可能な状態で径方向に支持されている。出力部材８はまた、入力部材６の入力端板１４及び後述するリテーナ補助によって軸方向への移動が規制されている。そして、出力部材８の外周面には、巻き上げ機構の如き図示しない従動部材に接続される出力歯車２８が形成されている。 Explaining with reference to FIG. 5 together with FIGS. 1 and 2, the output member 8 has a tubular shape made of metal, surrounds the shaft member 4 and is located on the outer side in the radial direction thereof, and has a circular cross section on the inner side. A space portion 26 is provided. In other words, the inner surface of the output member 8 is a circumferential surface. As shown in the AA cross section of FIG. 1, an input locking piece 16, a coil spring 30, and a retainer 32 are arranged in the space portion 26. A support wall 24 of the input member 6 is also fitted in the space portion 26, whereby the output member 8 is rotatably supported in the radial direction with respect to the input member 6. The output member 8 is also restricted from moving in the axial direction by the input end plate 14 of the input member 6 and the retainer assist described later. An output gear 28 connected to a driven member (not shown) such as a winding mechanism is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output member 8.
図１及び図２と共に図６を参照して説明すると、コイルばね３０は、その全体が金属製の線材によって構成されており、線材が巻回された主部３４と、この主部３４の軸方向両端において線材が軸方向内側に屈曲せしめられた一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂとを備えている。図１のＢ−Ｂ断面においては、明確に理解できるように、コイルばね３０には薄墨を付して示している。主部３４の外周面は出力部材８の内周面と対向し、主部３４の内側には入力係止片１６が位置する。ここで、コイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときの主部３４の外径は、出力部材８の内径よりも小さく、コイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときは、コイルばね３０は入力部材６及び出力部材８に対し回転可能である。図示の実施形態においては、コイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときの内径は、断面が円弧形状である入力係止片１６の外径よりも大きい。このことから、後述するとおり入力部材６が回転する場合を除いて、コイルばね３０は自由状態で出力部材８の内側に配置されており、コイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときは、主部３４は入力係止片１６の外周面にも出力部材８の内周面にも密接しておらず、出力部材８はコイルばね３０に対し回転可能となる。図示の実施形態においては、一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの各々において線材は、主部３４の軸方向端から周方向に向かって径方向内側に円弧状に湾曲せしめられている。そして、一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの各々の先端部分において線材は直線状であって、かかる部分の線材は図６の左図において一点鎖線で示す同一の直線上に位置する。 Explaining with reference to FIG. 6 together with FIGS. 1 and 2, the coil spring 30 is entirely composed of a metal wire rod, and the main portion 34 around which the wire rod is wound and the shaft of the main portion 34. It is provided with a pair of hook portions 36a and 36b in which the wire rod is bent inward in the axial direction at both ends in the direction. In the BB cross section of FIG. 1, the coil spring 30 is shown in light ink for clear understanding. The outer peripheral surface of the main portion 34 faces the inner peripheral surface of the output member 8, and the input locking piece 16 is located inside the main portion 34. Here, the outer diameter of the main portion 34 when the coil spring 30 is in the free state is smaller than the inner diameter of the output member 8, and when the coil spring 30 is in the free state, the coil spring 30 is the input member 6 and the output. It is rotatable with respect to the member 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner diameter of the coil spring 30 when it is in the free state is larger than the outer diameter of the input locking piece 16 having an arc-shaped cross section. From this, the coil spring 30 is arranged inside the output member 8 in a free state except when the input member 6 rotates as described later, and when the coil spring 30 is in the free state, the main portion 34 Is not in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the input locking piece 16 or the inner peripheral surface of the output member 8, and the output member 8 can rotate with respect to the coil spring 30. In the illustrated embodiment, in each of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b, the wire rod is curved in an arc shape in the radial direction inward from the axial end of the main portion 34 in the circumferential direction. The wire rod is linear at the tip portions of each of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b, and the wire rod of such a portion is located on the same straight line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the left figure of FIG.
図１及び図２と共に図７を参照して説明すると、リテーナ３２は金属製であって、軸部材４に挿通されてこれに対し回転可能であり、径方向に見て入力係止片１６の内側に位置している。図示の実施形態においては、リテーナ３２は全体的に円筒形状であって、外周面は入力係止片１６の内周面に対向し、内周面は軸部材の外周面に対向し、リテーナ３２の内周面は軸部材４の外周面に対し摺動可能である。これにより、入力係止片１６及びリテーナ３２が回転する際、夫々の芯ぶれ及び倒れが防止される。リテーナ３２にはコイルばね３０の一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの各々が係合可能な一対の係合面３８ａ及び３８ｂが形成されている。図示の実施形態においては、リテーナ３２には、一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの各々が夫々挿入される一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂが形成されている。一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂは共に軸方向の片端（図７のＡ−Ａ断面において左側端）から他端部（同右側端部）まで直線状に延びており、周方向に間隔をおいて設けられている。図７の左図を参照して説明すると、一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂの断面形状は共に略扇形状であって、周方向延在長さは等しく、径方向外側から内側に向かって貫通している。所望ならば、一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂの各々は径方向に貫通することなく、各々の径方向内側端面は閉塞していてもよい。そして、図７の左図において、係合面３８ａは係合溝４０ａの時計方向下流側端面に対応する面に、係合面３８ｂは係合溝４０ｂの時計方向上流側端面に対応する面に夫々規定されている。係合面３８ａ及び３８ｂは図７の左図において一点鎖線で示すとおり、同一の直線状に位置する。一対のフック部３６ａ及び３６ｂの各々が一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂの各々に夫々挿入された状態にあっては、図３を参照することによって理解されるとおり、フック部３６ａは係合溝４０ａ内の軸方向片側（同図において手前側）に、フック部３６ｂは係合溝４０ｂ内の軸方向他側（同奥側）に夫々位置する。 Explaining with reference to FIG. 7 together with FIGS. 1 and 2, the retainer 32 is made of metal, is inserted into the shaft member 4 and is rotatable with respect to the retainer 32, and the input locking piece 16 is seen in the radial direction. It is located inside. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer 32 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, the outer peripheral surface faces the inner peripheral surface of the input locking piece 16, the inner peripheral surface faces the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member, and the retainer 32 The inner peripheral surface of the shaft member 4 is slidable with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 4. As a result, when the input locking piece 16 and the retainer 32 rotate, their respective misalignment and tilting are prevented. The retainer 32 is formed with a pair of engaging surfaces 38a and 38b to which each of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b of the coil spring 30 can be engaged. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer 32 is formed with a pair of engaging grooves 40a and 40b into which each of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b is inserted. Both the pair of engaging grooves 40a and 40b extend linearly from one end in the axial direction (the left end in the AA cross section of FIG. 7) to the other end (the right end in the same), and are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. It is provided. Explaining with reference to the left view of FIG. 7, the cross-sectional shapes of the pair of engaging grooves 40a and 40b are both substantially fan-shaped, have the same circumferential extending length, and penetrate from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction. doing. If desired, each of the pair of engaging grooves 40a and 40b may not penetrate in the radial direction, and the inner end faces in the respective radial directions may be closed. Then, in the left view of FIG. 7, the engaging surface 38a is a surface corresponding to the clockwise downstream end surface of the engaging groove 40a, and the engaging surface 38b is a surface corresponding to the clockwise upstream end surface of the engaging groove 40b. Each is regulated. The engaging surfaces 38a and 38b are located in the same straight line as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the left figure of FIG. When each of the pair of hook portions 36a and 36b is inserted into each of the pair of engaging grooves 40a and 40b, the hook portion 36a has an engaging groove, as will be understood by referring to FIG. The hook portion 36b is located on one side in the axial direction (front side in the figure) in 40a, and the hook portion 36b is located on the other side in the axial direction (back side in the same figure) in the engaging groove 40b.
上述したリテーナ３２には、抵抗トルク付与手段によって所定の抵抗トルクが付与されている。図示の実施形態においては、抵抗トルク付与手段は軸部材４に挿通されて軸方向に付勢する波ばね４２である。図１に示すとおり、波ばね４２は、軸方向に見て、軸部材４に装着されたＣリング１２とリテーナ３２の軸方向端面との間に配置され、これによって軸部材４に対する軸方向移動は規制されている。図示の実施形態においては、波ばね４２とリテーナ３２との間には、軸部材４に挿通されてリテーナ３２と一体回転可能な金属製の板状リテーナ補助４４が設けられており、波ばね４２はリテーナ補助４４を軸方向に付勢してこれを介してリテーナ３２に抵抗トルクを付与している。更に、波ばね４２とＣリング１２との間には、軸部材４に挿通されてこれに対し回転可能な金属製のワッシャ４６も設けられている。 A predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer 32 described above by the resistance torque applying means. In the illustrated embodiment, the resistance torque applying means is a wave spring 42 that is inserted through the shaft member 4 and urges in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the wave spring 42 is arranged between the C ring 12 mounted on the shaft member 4 and the axial end surface of the retainer 32 when viewed in the axial direction, whereby the wave spring 42 moves in the axial direction with respect to the shaft member 4. Is regulated. In the illustrated embodiment, a metal plate-shaped retainer auxiliary 44 that is inserted through the shaft member 4 and can rotate integrally with the retainer 32 is provided between the wave spring 42 and the retainer 32, and the wave spring 42 is provided. Is urging the retainer auxiliary 44 in the axial direction to apply a resistance torque to the retainer 32 via the retainer auxiliary 44. Further, between the wave spring 42 and the C ring 12, a metal washer 46 that is inserted into the shaft member 4 and is rotatable about the shaft member 4 is also provided.
リテーナ補助４４について図１及び図２と共に図８を参照してさらに説明すると、リテーナ補助４４は中央に軸部材４が挿通される円形の穴４８を備えた円形である。図８に示されているとおり、リテーナ補助４４の片側面には軸方向に突出する一対の突部５０ａ及び５０ｂが形成されている。一対の突部５０ａ及び５０ｂの各々の断面形状はリテーナ３２に形成された一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂの各々の断面形状と対応し、一対の突部５０ａ及び５０ｂの各々が一対の係合溝４０ａ及び４０ｂの各々に夫々挿入されることで、リテーナ補助４４はリテーナ３２と一体となって回転可能となる。リテーナ補助４４の外径は少なくとも出力部材８の内径よりも大きく、リテーナ補助４４は出力部材８の軸方向端面と対向して出力部材８の軸方向外側に配置される。これにより、リテーナ補助４４は入力部材６の入力端板１４と共働して出力部材８の軸方向への移動を規制する。 The retainer auxiliary 44 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 with reference to FIG. 8. The retainer auxiliary 44 is a circle having a circular hole 48 in the center through which the shaft member 4 is inserted. As shown in FIG. 8, a pair of protrusions 50a and 50b protruding in the axial direction are formed on one side surface of the retainer auxiliary 44. The cross-sectional shape of each of the pair of protrusions 50a and 50b corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of each of the pair of engagement grooves 40a and 40b formed in the retainer 32, and each of the pair of protrusions 50a and 50b engages with a pair. By being inserted into each of the grooves 40a and 40b, the retainer auxiliary 44 can rotate integrally with the retainer 32. The outer diameter of the retainer auxiliary 44 is at least larger than the inner diameter of the output member 8, and the retainer auxiliary 44 is arranged so as to face the axial end face of the output member 8 and outward in the axial direction of the output member 8. As a result, the retainer auxiliary 44 cooperates with the input end plate 14 of the input member 6 to regulate the axial movement of the output member 8.
続いて、図９を参照してフリータイプ双方向クラッチ２の作動について説明する。図９において各矢印で示すとおり、入力部材６が駆動源のモーターにより時計方向（Ａ−Ａ断面の右方から見て）に回転すると、Ｂ−Ｂ断面において入力部材６の入力係止片１６は中心軸ｏの周りを反時計方向に回転し、入力係止片１６の押圧面２５ａがコイルばね３０のフック部３６ａと当接してこれを反時計方向に押す。このとき、上述したとおりコイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときは、コイルばね３０は入力部材６及び出力部材８に対し回転可能であることから、フック部３６ａが反時計方向に押されたことでコイルばね３０全体が反時計方向に回転する。そして、コイルばね３０全体が同図において反時計方向に回転すると、フック部３６ｂがリテーナ３２の係合溝４０ｂ内において係合面３８ｂと当接する。このとき、リテーナ３２には波ばね４２（抵抗トルク付与手段）による所定の抵抗トルクが付与されていることによって、リテーナ３２の角度位置は一時的に保持される。リテーナ３２の角度位置が保持されている間にも入力係止片１６は更に反時計方向に回転し、これによってフック部３６ａには入力係止片１６の押圧面２５ａから、フック部３６ｂにはリテーナ３２の係合面３８ｂから夫々力（反力）を受け、コイルばね３０は拡径せしめられる。コイルばね３０が拡径せしめられることで、コイルばね３０の主部３４の外周面は出力部材８の内周面に密接し、出力部材８は入力部材６と一体となって回転することとなる。この際には、コイルばね３０及びリテーナ３２も入力部材６及び出力部材８と一体となって上記所定の抵抗トルクに抗して回転する。かくして、入力部材６の回転は出力部材８に伝達される。入力部材６が反時計方向（Ａ−Ａ断面の右方から見て）に回転したときは、入力係止片１６の押圧面２５ｂがコイルばね３０のフック部３６ｂを押すが、全体的な作動は同じであるため、詳細な説明は省略する。一方、出力部材８からの回転の伝達は、上述したとおりコイルばね３０が自由状態にあるときは、コイルばね３０は出力部材８に対し回転可能であることから、出力部材８が空転して遮断される。 Subsequently, the operation of the free type bidirectional clutch 2 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown by each arrow in FIG. 9, when the input member 6 is rotated clockwise (as viewed from the right side of the AA cross section) by the motor of the drive source, the input locking piece 16 of the input member 6 is rotated in the BB cross section. Rotates counterclockwise around the central axis o, and the pressing surface 25a of the input locking piece 16 comes into contact with the hook portion 36a of the coil spring 30 and pushes it counterclockwise. At this time, when the coil spring 30 is in the free state as described above, since the coil spring 30 is rotatable with respect to the input member 6 and the output member 8, the hook portion 36a is pushed counterclockwise. The entire coil spring 30 rotates counterclockwise. Then, when the entire coil spring 30 rotates counterclockwise in the figure, the hook portion 36b comes into contact with the engaging surface 38b in the engaging groove 40b of the retainer 32. At this time, a predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer 32 by the wave spring 42 (resistance torque applying means), so that the angular position of the retainer 32 is temporarily held. While the angular position of the retainer 32 is held, the input locking piece 16 further rotates counterclockwise, so that the hook portion 36a receives the pressing surface 25a of the input locking piece 16 and the hook portion 36b The coil spring 30 is expanded in diameter by receiving a force (reaction force) from the engaging surface 38b of the retainer 32, respectively. By expanding the diameter of the coil spring 30, the outer peripheral surface of the main portion 34 of the coil spring 30 comes into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member 8, and the output member 8 rotates integrally with the input member 6. .. At this time, the coil spring 30 and the retainer 32 also rotate together with the input member 6 and the output member 8 against the predetermined resistance torque. Thus, the rotation of the input member 6 is transmitted to the output member 8. When the input member 6 rotates counterclockwise (as viewed from the right side of the AA cross section), the pressing surface 25b of the input locking piece 16 pushes the hook portion 36b of the coil spring 30, but the overall operation Are the same, so detailed description will be omitted. On the other hand, the transmission of rotation from the output member 8 is such that when the coil spring 30 is in the free state as described above, the coil spring 30 is rotatable with respect to the output member 8, so that the output member 8 idles and shuts off. Will be done.
図１０には、フリータイプ双方向クラッチ２の変形例の、図１においてＢ−Ｂ断面で示される図に相当する図が示されている。本変形例においては、入力係止片は、断面が共に円弧形状であって周方向に間隔をおいて設けられた片側入力係止片１６ａ´及び他側入力係止片１６ｂ´から構成されており、片側入力係止片１６ａ´の時計方向上流に押圧面２５ａ´が、他側入力係止片１６ｂ´の時計方向下流側に押圧面２５ｂ´が夫々規定されている。同様に、リテーナは、断面が共に円弧形状であって周方向に間隔をおいて設けられた片側リテーナ片３２ａ´及び他側リテーナ片３２ｂ´を備え、片側リテーナ片３２ａ´の時計方向上流側に係合面３８ａ´が他側リテーナ片３２ｂ´の時計方向下流側に係合面３８ｂ´が規定されている。従って、本変形例のリテーナには係合溝は形成されていない。 FIG. 10 shows a modified example of the free-type bidirectional clutch 2 corresponding to the view shown in the BB cross section in FIG. In this modification, the input locking piece is composed of one side input locking piece 16a'and the other side input locking piece 16b' which are both arcuate in cross section and are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The pressing surface 25a'is defined on the clockwise upstream side of the one-side input locking piece 16a', and the pressing surface 25b'is defined on the clockwise downstream side of the other side input locking piece 16b'. Similarly, the retainer includes a one-side retainer piece 32a'and a other-side retainer piece 32b', both of which have an arc-shaped cross section and are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, on the clockwise upstream side of the one-side retainer piece 32a'. The engaging surface 38a'is defined on the clockwise downstream side of the retainer piece 32b' on the other side. Therefore, no engaging groove is formed in the retainer of this modification.
本発明のフリータイプ双方向クラッチにあっては、コイルばねは出力部材の内側に配置され、コイルばねの主部の外周面と出力部材の内周面とは対向し、入力部材が回転すると、入力係止片はコイルばねに設けられた一対のフック部の一方を押してコイルばねを拡径させ、コイルばねの外周面は出力部材の内周面に密接する。それ故に、入力部材の回転が出力部材に伝達される際に、コイルばねの外周面と出力部材の内周面とが密接する面積は大きく、コイルばねの主部の外周面と出力部材の内周面とが密接した状態で滑りが生じることは防止され、入力部材からの回転が大きいトルクであっても確実に出力部材へ伝達することが可能となる。更に、フック部の基端は径方向内側ではなく径方向外側に位置することから、コイルばねが出力部材の外側に配置されている場合と比較すると、同じ力でフック部を押したときに生じるフックの基端周りに生じる回転モーメントは大きくなり（所謂腕の長さが長くなるので）、小さな力であっても充分にコイルばねの外周面と出力部材の内周面とを密接させることができる。 In the free type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the coil spring is arranged inside the output member, the outer peripheral surface of the main part of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member face each other, and when the input member rotates, The input locking piece pushes one of the pair of hook portions provided on the coil spring to expand the diameter of the coil spring, and the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member. Therefore, when the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member, the area where the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member are in close contact with each other is large, and the outer peripheral surface of the main part of the coil spring and the inside of the output member It is possible to prevent slippage from occurring when the peripheral surface is in close contact with the peripheral surface, and it is possible to reliably transmit even a large torque from the input member to the output member. Furthermore, since the base end of the hook portion is located outside the radial direction instead of the inside in the radial direction, it occurs when the hook portion is pushed with the same force as compared with the case where the coil spring is arranged outside the output member. The rotational moment generated around the base end of the hook becomes large (because the so-called arm length becomes long), and even with a small force, the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring and the inner peripheral surface of the output member can be sufficiently brought into close contact with each other. it can.
以上、添付した図面を参照して、本発明に従って構成されたフリータイプ双方向クラッチの好適実施形態について詳述したが、本発明のフリータイプ双方向クラッチは、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、種々の変形例が考えられる。例えば、上記実施形態においては、抵抗トルク付与手段は軸部材に挿通されて軸方向に付勢する波ばねであったが、所望ならば径方向に付勢する板ばねであってもよい。抵抗トルク付与手段を上記板ばねとする場合には、円板形状であるリテーナ補助４４の外周面を囲繞する円筒壁を軸部材に固定し、上記板ばねを、上記円筒壁の内周面とリテーナ補助４４の外周面との間に配置する。また、上記実施形態においては、入力部材及び出力部材は夫々歯車によって駆動源又は従動部材に接続されていたが、これに替えて、入力部材及び出力部材の夫々に駆動源又は従動部材に接続される入力軸及び出力軸を設けるようにしてもよい。 Although the preferred embodiment of the free type bidirectional clutch configured according to the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, the free type bidirectional clutch of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. However, various modifications can be considered. For example, in the above embodiment, the resistance torque applying means is a wave spring that is inserted through the shaft member and urges in the axial direction, but may be a leaf spring that urges in the radial direction if desired. When the resistance torque applying means is the leaf spring, a cylindrical wall surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the retainer auxiliary 44 having a disk shape is fixed to the shaft member, and the leaf spring is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall. It is arranged between the retainer auxiliary 44 and the outer peripheral surface. Further, in the above embodiment, the input member and the output member are each connected to the drive source or the driven member by gears, but instead, the input member and the output member are connected to the drive source or the driven member, respectively. An input shaft and an output shaft may be provided.
２：フリータイプ双方向クラッチ
４：軸部材
６：入力部材
８：出力部材
１４：入力端板
１６：入力係止片
２５：押圧面
２６：空間部
３０：コイルばね
３２：リテーナ
３６ａ及び３６ｂ：一対のフック部
３８ａ及び３８ｂ：一対の係合面
４２：波ばね（抵抗トルク付与手段）
2: Free type bidirectional clutch 4: Shaft member 6: Input member 8: Output member 14: Input end plate 16: Input locking piece 25: Pressing surface 26: Space part 30: Coil spring 32: Retainer 36a and 36b: Pair Hooks 38a and 38b: Pair of engaging surfaces 42: Wave spring (resistance torque applying means)
Claims (7)
前記入力部材は、前記軸部材に挿通される入力端板と、前記入力端板から軸方向に延びる入力係止片とを備え、
前記出力部材は筒状であって内側には断面円形の空間部が設けられており、前記空間部には、前記入力係止片と、コイルばねと、リテーナとが配設され、
前記コイルばねは、線材が巻回された主部と、前記主部の軸方向両端において前記線材が径方向内側に屈曲せしめられた一対のフック部とを備え、前記主部の外周面は前記出力部材の内周面と対向し、前記主部の内側には前記入力係止片が位置し、前記コイルばねが自由状態にあるときは、前記コイルばねは前記入力部材及び前記出力部材に対し回転可能であり、
前記リテーナは前記軸部材に挿通されて前記軸部材に対し回転可能であって、前記入力係止片の径方向内側に位置し、前記リテーナには前記コイルばねの前記一対のフック部の各々が係合可能な一対の係合面が形成されており、
前記リテーナには抵抗トルク付与手段によって所定の抵抗トルクが付与され、
前記入力部材が回転すると、前記入力係止片が前記コイルばねの前記一対のフック部の一方を押して前記コイルばねを拡径させ、前記コイルばねの外周面が前記出力部材の内周面に密接する、ことを特徴とするフリータイプ双方向クラッチ。 An input member and an output member that can rotate around the shaft member are provided, and forward / reverse rotation from the input member is transmitted to the output member, and rotation from the output member to the input member is transmitted. , A free type bidirectional clutch in which the output member slips and is shut off.
The input member includes an input end plate inserted through the shaft member and an input locking piece extending axially from the input end plate.
The output member has a tubular shape and is provided with a space portion having a circular cross section inside, and the input locking piece, a coil spring, and a retainer are arranged in the space portion.
The coil spring includes a main portion around which a wire is wound and a pair of hook portions in which the wire is bent inward in the radial direction at both axial ends of the main portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the main portion is the said. When the input locking piece is located inside the main portion and the coil spring is in a free state, the coil spring faces the input member and the output member. It is rotatable and
The retainer is inserted through the shaft member and is rotatable with respect to the shaft member, is located inside the input locking piece in the radial direction, and the retainer has each of the pair of hook portions of the coil spring. A pair of engageable surfaces are formed and
A predetermined resistance torque is applied to the retainer by the resistance torque applying means.
When the input member rotates, the input locking piece pushes one of the pair of hook portions of the coil spring to expand the diameter of the coil spring, and the outer peripheral surface of the coil spring is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the output member. A free-type two-way clutch that features a spring-loaded clutch.
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