JP6826714B2 - Modeling object modeling method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a modeled object modeling method in which the surface of a modeled object modeled by a 3D printer can be mirror-treated.

Generally, in a 3D printer, a method of forming a modeled object by ejecting a resin melted by heat from a nozzle is used. If a 3D printer of such a method is used, there is an advantage that a prototype or a simple model can be easily modeled using three-dimensional data.

By the way, in such a 3D printer, a modeled object is formed by repeating a process of melting a fine linear resin from a nozzle and discharging the resin from the tip of an ultrafine (inner diameter 0.05 to 0.20 mm) nozzle. However, it is said that the method of modeling a modeled object using such an ultra-fine nozzle inevitably takes too much manufacturing time. Further, since a fine linear resin is used, there is a problem that the cost is high.

On the other hand, on the other hand, a method of forming a modeled object by using pellets formed of resin has also been proposed (Patent Document 1). In this method, pellets supplied from the hopper are supplied to the screw inside the cylinder and extruded, and by controlling the gear pump provided on the tip side of the screw, the amount of molten resin can be adjusted so that the modeled object can be modeled. It was done. According to such a method, a modeled object can be manufactured at low cost by using cheap pellets.

Japanese Patent No. 5920859

However, in the molding method using such pellets, the inner diameter of the nozzle cannot be reduced, so that the hole diameter is about 1 mm. For this reason, the modeling time can be shortened as compared with the case of using the conventional ultra-fine nozzle, but a laminated pattern is formed on the surface of the modeled object, and the aesthetic appearance of the modeled object is inevitably deteriorated or precision. There is a problem that it is not possible to adjust the dimensions properly.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to smooth the surface of a modeled object using pellets and to perform accurate dimensional adjustment. ..

That is, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a step of reciprocating a nozzle to stack two-dimensional layers to form a modeled object, and a step of applying a coating agent to the surface of the modeled object. The step of putting the modeled object coated with the coating agent into a mold to smooth the surface is provided, and in the step of smoothing the surface, heat is applied to the coating agent to smooth the surface with the mold. It is the one that was made .

In this way, even if a modeled object is modeled cheaply and quickly using a nozzle with a large hole diameter, it can be placed in a mold and the surface can be smoothed with a coating agent to improve the appearance. It can be improved and accurate dimensional adjustment can be performed. Further, by incorporating a light-resistant material or the like in the coating agent, it is possible to give light resistance to a modeled object using pellets or the like , and further, internal distortion of the resin or the like can be removed by heating. At the same time, the surface can be made smoother.

Further, in such an invention, a gel coat is used as the coating agent.

In this way, the surface can be smoothed with the gel coat, and the modeled object can have light resistance, strength, dimensional accuracy, and the like.

According to the present invention, a step of reciprocating a nozzle to stack two-dimensional layers to form a modeled object, a step of applying a coating agent to the surface of the modeled object, and applying the coating agent. A step of putting the modeled object into the mold to smooth the surface is provided, and in the step of smoothing the surface, heat is applied to the coating agent to smooth the surface with the mold, so that the hole diameter is increased . Even when a modeled object is cheaply and quickly modeled using a thick nozzle, the surface can be mirrored with a coating agent by putting it in a mold, and the appearance can be improved. In addition, it is possible to accurately adjust the dimensions of the mold, and by including a light-resistant material in the coating agent, it is possible to give light resistance to a modeled object using pellets or the like. Furthermore, the internal strain of the resin can be removed by heating, and the surface can be further smoothed.

The figure which shows the modeled object modeling apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention The figure which shows the surface of the modeled object in the same form The figure which shows the formwork in the same form Flow chart showing the manufacturing process in the same form

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The modeling method of the modeled object in this embodiment is such that the surface of the modeled object modeled by the 3D printer 1 using the material extrusion deposition method can be smoothed, and as shown in FIG. 4, 3D A step of modeling a modeled object with a printer 1 (step S1), a step of applying a coating agent 2 of the modeled object (step S2), and a step of smoothing the surface of the coated modeled object (step S2). Step S3) is provided. Hereinafter, each step will be specifically described.

1. 1. The process of modeling a modeled object

First, a process of modeling a modeled object using the 3D printer 1 will be described. The 3D printer 1 is a device capable of modeling a modeled object using resin pellets, and a device having a large nozzle diameter of 14 is used. As such a device, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder 11, a screw 12 provided inside the cylinder 11, a gear pump 13 provided on the tip side of the screw 12, a nozzle 14 and the like are provided. Can be used. Then, when modeling a modeled object using such a device, resin pellets are put into the hopper 15, pellets are supplied to the cylinder 11 from there, and the pellets are heated and melted by a heater in the cylinder 11. .. Then, by rotating the screw 12 in the cylinder 11, the molten resin is supplied to the lower gear pump 13. Then, by controlling the rotation of the screw 12 and the rotation of the gear pump 13, the amount of molten resin discharged from the tip of the nozzle 14 is adjusted, and the position with the table device 16 located facing the nozzle 14 is set in the XYZ direction. By controlling, a modeled object is formed from the molten pellets. The pellets used here are formed by crushing plastic such as waste material with a crusher, melting it at 200 ° C., cutting it into granules, and then removing water with a dehydrator and cooling it. .. Such pellets are molded from polyester (PE), polypropylene (PP), or the like, and can be purchased at a low price in the market, so that material costs can be suppressed. Further, the nozzle 14 for discharging such a material has a hole diameter of about 1.0 mm, which makes it possible to prevent clogging due to the molten resin and shorten the manufacturing time. .. Then, by controlling the positions of the nozzle 14 and the table in the XY direction, a two-dimensional layer is formed, which is sequentially moved in the Z-axis direction, and the nozzle 14 and the table are similarly moved in the XY direction. Let's make it possible to create a three-dimensional model. As shown in FIG. 2, the modeled object thus modeled has an uneven laminated pattern formed on the surface corresponding to the hole diameter of the nozzle 14. Therefore, as it is, it cannot be used for parts that require dimensional accuracy or products that require aesthetics.

2. 2. Coating process

Next, the coating agent 2 is applied to the surface of the modeled object thus modeled. A gel coat resin is used as such a coating agent 2. Here, as this gel coat resin, a resin having light resistance, strength, dimensional accuracy, etc., is used for the modeled object, and for example, an unsaturated polyester or vinyl ester is contained as a component. It is applied directly to the surface of the modeled object by spraying or brushing. In addition, by adding an ultraviolet adsorbent or the like depending on the application, it is possible to prevent deterioration of ultraviolet rays on the modeled object.

3. 3. Smoothing process

When smoothing the surface of the modeled object to which the coating agent 2 is applied in this way, the modeled object is placed in a mold and smoothed by the coating agent 2.

Here, when smoothing with a mold, various methods can be used. For example, as the first method, a mold as shown in FIG. 3 can be used.

In this formwork, a space for forming a mold is formed in a frame 31 framed with wood or the like, an inner wall layer 32 is formed on the inner wall surface thereof, and the inside of the inner wall layer 32 can be sealed. ing. Here, as the inner wall layer 32, a backing layer 32a, a putty layer 32b, and a glass mat layer 32c are provided in this order from the outside so that the inner surface thereof is smoothed. On the other hand, the outer region surrounded by the frame 31 and the inner wall layer 32 is also sealed. Then, the three-dimensional model is placed in the region formed by the glass mat layer 32c in this way.

Then, when the modeled object formed by the 3D printer 1 is pneumatically molded, the resin is melted by heat treatment or the like, the moisture inside the resin is blown off, and in that state, air is blown from the ventilation port to form the modeled object. Pressurize from the inside. Then, the modeled object expands due to the pressurization, and the coating agent 2 applied to the surface of the modeled object adheres to the inside of the smoothed inner wall layer 32 to smooth the surface and the size of the mold. It will fit in the dimensions. Then, after a lapse of a predetermined time, the object is cooled, air is evacuated, and the object is taken out from the mold to take out the smoothed modeled object. As a result, the laminated pattern formed by the 3D printer 1 is smoothed, and the dimensions can be accurately matched.

Further, by creating a vacuum between the mold and the inner wall layer 32, the modeled object can be smoothed. In such a method, the sealed space between the mold and the inner wall layer 32 is evacuated to expand the modeled object to the outside, whereby the coating agent 2 of the modeled object and the inside of the inner wall layer 32 are brought into close contact with each other and smoothed. Make it process. In this case, in order to expand the modeled object, a gap or the like for bleeding air from the inner wall layer 32 is provided, and air is evacuated from the gap to expand the modeled object.

Furthermore, when smoothing the inside of the modeled object, it is also possible to put an inner formwork such as urethane inside the modeled object. At this time, the coating agent 2 is also applied to the inside of the modeled object, and the surface of the inner mold is also smoothed. Then, it is put into the mold in that state, and the modeled object is contracted by removing air from the ventilation port, and is brought into close contact with the inner mold to smooth the surface. In this case as well, the resin is melted by heat treatment or the like, and vacuum forming is performed by removing the moisture inside the resin. In this way, the inside of the modeled object can also be smoothed, and the inner formwork can provide precise dimensional accuracy.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, the step of reciprocating the nozzle 14 to stack the two-dimensional layers to form a modeled object and the step of applying the coating agent 2 to the surface of the modeled object. In the step of smoothing the surface, heat was applied to the coating agent 2 to smooth the surface with the mold, so that the modeled object could be modeled cheaply and quickly using the nozzle 14 having a large hole diameter. Even in this case, the surface can be mirror-shaped with the coating agent 2 by putting it in a mold, and the appearance can be improved. In addition, it is possible to accurately adjust the dimensions of the mold, and by incorporating a light-resistant material in the coating agent 2, it is possible to give light resistance to a modeled object using pellets or the like. Further, the internal strain of the resin can be removed by heating, and the surface can be further smoothed.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be implemented in various embodiments.

For example, in the above embodiment, the modeled object is modeled using the 3D printer 1 using pellets, but a two-dimensional layer is formed by the 3D printer 1 using other materials, and the two-dimensional layers are laminated. It may be made into a three-dimensional model.

Further, in the above embodiment, a mold having an inner wall layer 32 inside the frame 31 is used for secondary processing, but in addition to this, when a product is formed at a low pressure, plaster, FRP, etc. The mold may be formed of CFRP or the like, or when the product is formed at high pressure, the mold may be formed of aluminum, iron, FRP, workable CNF or the like.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the smoothing treatment is performed by vacuum forming, compressed air forming, or the like, but blow molding or the like may be used, or an autoclave may be used.

Further, in the above embodiment, the modeled object is formed by discharging the molten resin from the nozzle 14 having a diameter of 1.0 mm as the nozzle 14 diameter. However, the diameter is not limited to such a nozzle, and a nozzle having an ultrafine diameter is used. It may be used, or a nozzle having a larger diameter may be used.

1 ... 3D printer 11 ... Cylinder 12 ... Screw 13 ... Gear pump 14 ... Nozzle 15 ... Hopper 16 ... Table device 2 ... Coating agent 3 ... Formwork 31 ... Frame 32 ... Inner wall layer (32a backing layer, 32b putty layer, 32c glass mat layer)

Claims (2)

The step of reciprocating the nozzle to stack two-dimensional layers to form a modeled object,
The process of applying a coating agent to the surface of the modeled object,
The process of putting the modeled object coated with the coating agent into a mold to smooth the surface,
Equipped with a,
A modeling method in which the step of smoothing the surface is to apply heat to a coating agent to smooth the surface with a mold . The modeling method according to claim 1, wherein the coating agent is a gel coat.

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