JP6823973B2 - 温度測定方法 - Google Patents
温度測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6823973B2 JP6823973B2 JP2016171592A JP2016171592A JP6823973B2 JP 6823973 B2 JP6823973 B2 JP 6823973B2 JP 2016171592 A JP2016171592 A JP 2016171592A JP 2016171592 A JP2016171592 A JP 2016171592A JP 6823973 B2 JP6823973 B2 JP 6823973B2
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
- G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
- G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
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- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/04—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials
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- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Description
(i)カソード導入気体の加熱を制御すること、及び
(ii)カソード導入気体の質量流量率を制御すること、
の組み合わせによって達成するのが便利である。
kg=Tg×6×10−5+0.0077 (4)
20 燃料電池スタック
30 燃料電池
40 アノード側
41 燃料電池スタックアノード導入部
41A 燃料電池アノード導入部
42 燃料電池スタックアノード排気排出部
42A 燃料電池アノード排出部
50 電解質層
60 カソード側
61 燃料電池スタックカソード導入部
61A 燃料電池カソード導入部
62 燃料電池スタックカソード排気排出部
62A 燃料電池カソード排出部
70 水蒸気改質器
71 改質器導入部
72 改質器排出部
80 排気燃焼器
81 排気燃焼器排出部
82 アノード排気導入部
83 カソード排気導入部
90 燃料源
100 蒸発器
101 燃料導入部
102 水導入部
103 水供給部
104 蒸発器排出部
110 アノード排気熱交換機
120 凝縮熱交換器
121 冷却回路
130 セパレータ
131 セパレータ凝縮排出部
140 酸化剤導入部
140’ 酸化剤導入部
150 空気予加熱熱交換器
160 改質器熱交換器
161 改質器熱交換器酸化剤導入部
162 改質器熱交換器酸化剤排出部
170 蒸発器熱交換器
180 燃料電池システム排出部
190 空気バイパス導入部
200 コントローラ
202 プロセッサ
204 非一時メモリ
206 データ入力部
208 データ出力部
210 ブロワー
220 バルブ/セパレータ
230 主カソード導入気体流動経路
240 空気バイパス導入気体流動経路
250 燃料源
A アノード導入気体流動経路
B アノード排気流動経路
C カソード導入気体流動経路
D カソード排気流動経路
E 排気燃焼器排気流動経路
L 電気的負荷
T1 燃料電池スタックカソード導入部気体温度センサ
T2 燃料電池スタックカソード排気温度センサ
Claims (11)
- 燃料電池システムであって、
コントローラと、
前記システム内の導管内に物理的に存在し、前記導管内の温度を測定するためのものであり、前記導管の壁に取り付けられた温度センサと、
前記導管の壁温を感知するための壁温センサと、を含み、
前記コントローラが、前記導管内の前記温度センサ及び前記壁温センサを用いて測定された温度の値に基づいて、前記導管内を流れる気体の温度として、測定される予測温度値を計算するための熱的モデルを反復して適用するように動作可能であり、
反復ステップにおいて、前記予測温度値が中断基準を満たさない場合、次の反復ステップにおいて使用される入力温度の値が、前記センサによって測定された温度の差に基づいて変更される、燃料電池システム。 - 第1の反復ステップにおいて、前記入力温度が、前記導管内の前記センサを用いて測定された温度である、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記導管内の前記温度センサを用いて測定された温度の値が、前記壁のセンサによって測定された温度の値よりも大きい場合、次の反復ステップにおいて使用するための入力温度の値を減少させ、及び/または前記導管内の前記温度センサを用いて測定された温度の値が、前記壁のセンサによって測定された温度の値よりも小さい場合、次の反復ステップにおいて使用するための入力温度の値を増加させるように、前記コントローラが構成された、請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記入力温度の値の第1の変更が第2の変更より大きく、前記第1の変更が前記第2の変更よりも先の反復ステップにおいて行われる、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記中断基準が、
前記導管内の前記温度センサを用いて測定された温度の値が前記壁のセンサによって測定された温度の値よりも高い場合に、前記予測温度値が、前記導管内のセンサを用いて測定された温度の所定の温度範囲内もしくは前記導管内のセンサを用いて測定された温度未満である場合、及び/または
前記導管内の前記温度センサを用いて測定された温度の値が前記壁のセンサによって測定された温度の値よりも低い場合に、前記予測温度値が、前記導管内のセンサを用いて測定された温度の所定の温度範囲内もしくは前記導管内のセンサを用いて測定された温度よりも高い場合、
に満たされる、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記中断基準が、所定の反復ステップの回数が達成された場合、及び/または計算に許容された所定の時間が経過された場合、に満たされる、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 最後に実行された反復ステップにおいて入力された温度の値が、前記導管内を流れる気体の修正された温度として出力される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記修正された温度を、前記燃料電池システムの動作パラメータを変更するために使用するようにさらに構成された、請求項7に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 制御された前記動作パラメータが、燃料電池のアノード及び/またはカソードに導入される気体の温度及び/または質量流量率である、請求項8に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 1つまたは両方の温度センサが熱電対である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 燃料電池システム内の導管内の温度を決定するための方法であって、
前記導管内に物理的に存在し、前記導管内の温度を測定するためのものであり、前記導管の壁に取り付けられたセンサを用いて前記導管内の温度を測定する段階と、
壁温センサを用いて前記導管の壁温を測定する段階と、
前記測定された温度の値に基づいて、前記導管内を流れる気体の温度として予測される予測温度値をコントローラ内で反復して熱的モデルを適用して計算する段階と、を含み、
反復ステップにおいて、前記予測温度値が中断基準を満たさない場合に、次の反復ステップにおいて使用される入力温度の値が、前記センサによって測定された温度の間の差に基づいて変更される、方法。
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GB1515740.7 | 2015-09-04 | ||
GB1515740.7A GB2541933B (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2015-09-04 | Temperature measuring method |
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JP2017050284A JP2017050284A (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
JP6823973B2 true JP6823973B2 (ja) | 2021-02-03 |
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US (1) | US10608269B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3139142B1 (ja) |
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JP7368462B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2023-10-24 | ローズマウント インコーポレイテッド | 誤差が減少した非侵襲的プロセス流体温度表示 |
KR102079565B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-02-20 | 한국전력공사 | 터빈 입구 온도 계측 시스템 및 계측 방법 |
WO2020175218A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
CN109950587A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江大学 | 一种质子交换膜燃料电池系统温度主动容错控制方法 |
DE102020124076A1 (de) | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-17 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Temperatursteuervorrichtung mit Sensorplausibilisierung |
CN114335625B (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-03-01 | 北京格睿能源科技有限公司 | 燃料电池堆温度控制方法、装置、模型预测控制器及系统 |
CN114879777B (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆大学 | 复合材料热固化成型模具温度场的预测控制方法 |
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US5080496A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-01-14 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for compensated temperature prediction |
DE19859149A1 (de) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | Ruhrgas Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der über den Querschnitt einer Gasleitung gemittelten Gastemperatur |
US6983223B2 (en) * | 2003-04-29 | 2006-01-03 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Detecting thermocouple failure using loop resistance |
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AT10959U3 (de) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-06-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Ultraschall-gasdurchflusssensor sowie verfahren zur ermittlung des durchflusses von gasen |
EP2309239A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2011-04-13 | BAE Systems PLC | Total air temperature sensing device |
JP5762886B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-30 | 2015-08-12 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 船外機 |
EP2738372B1 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2018-02-28 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Gas turbine temperature measurement |
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CN103983365B (zh) | 2014-05-29 | 2017-02-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 多测头瞬态辐射热流计及热辐射热流密度的测定方法 |
US10583239B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2020-03-10 | MAQUET CARDIOPULMONARY GmbH | Fluid flow rate measuring and gas bubble detecting apparatus |
FR3036159B1 (fr) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-05-05 | Air Liquide | Procede et dispositif de remplissage ou de soutirage d'un reservoir de gaz sous pression |
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