JP6815383B2 - がん処置のための組み合わせ療法 - Google Patents
がん処置のための組み合わせ療法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6815383B2 JP6815383B2 JP2018505714A JP2018505714A JP6815383B2 JP 6815383 B2 JP6815383 B2 JP 6815383B2 JP 2018505714 A JP2018505714 A JP 2018505714A JP 2018505714 A JP2018505714 A JP 2018505714A JP 6815383 B2 JP6815383 B2 JP 6815383B2
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- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007916 tablet composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001967 tacrolimus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-SHYZHZOCSA-N tacrolimus Natural products CO[C@H]1C[C@H](CC[C@@H]1O)C=C(C)[C@H]2OC(=O)[C@H]3CCCCN3C(=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)O[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H]4C)OC)[C@@H](C[C@H](C)CC(=C[C@@H](CC=C)C(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C)C)OC QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-SHYZHZOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001603 tamoxifen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RCINICONZNJXQF-XAZOAEDWSA-N taxol® Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(CC(C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3(C21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-XAZOAEDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940063683 taxotere Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950001289 tenatumomab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950010259 teprotumumab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioproline Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CSCN1 DZLNHFMRPBPULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003868 thrombin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002510 thyroid cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229950001139 timonacic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003354 tissue distribution assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000187 tissue plasminogen activator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000303 topotecan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005026 toremifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N toremifene Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C(\CCCl)C1=CC=CC=C1 XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000816 toxic dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940066958 treanda Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001727 tretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PXSOHRWMIRDKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triaziquone Chemical compound O=C1C(N2CC2)=C(N2CC2)C(=O)C=C1N1CC1 PXSOHRWMIRDKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004560 triaziquone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- KVJXBPDAXMEYOA-CXANFOAXSA-N trilostane Chemical compound OC1=C(C#N)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CC[C@@]32O[C@@H]31 KVJXBPDAXMEYOA-CXANFOAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001670 trilostane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NOYPYLRCIDNJJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimetrexate Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(NCC=2C(=C3C(N)=NC(N)=NC3=CC=2)C)=C1 NOYPYLRCIDNJJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001099 trimetrexate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000875 trofosfamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UMKFEPPTGMDVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trofosfamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)OCCCN1CCCl UMKFEPPTGMDVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000029729 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229950009811 ubenimex Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004593 ublituximab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000005112 urinary bladder cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004435 urinary system cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960005356 urokinase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002525 vasculotropin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000815 veltuzumab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940094720 viagra Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JXLYSJRDGCGARV-CFWMRBGOSA-N vinblastine Chemical compound C([C@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 JXLYSJRDGCGARV-CFWMRBGOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXLYSJRDGCGARV-XQKSVPLYSA-N vincaleukoblastine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 JXLYSJRDGCGARV-XQKSVPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004355 vindesine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N vindesine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(N)=O)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1N=C1[C]2C=CC=C1 UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N vinorelbine Chemical compound C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006959 vorsetuzumab Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGUJBRYAAJYXQP-IJFZAWIJSA-N vuw370o5qe Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N3CC[C@H](O)[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H](NCCN)[C@H](O)C[C@@H](C(N[C@H](C(=O)N3C[C@H](O)C[C@H]3C(=O)N2)[C@@H](C)O)=O)NC(=O)CCCCCCCC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)CC)[C@H](O)CCN)=CC=C(O)C=C1 OGUJBRYAAJYXQP-IJFZAWIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940053867 xeloda Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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Description
抗アポトーシス性BCLタンパク質の活性を阻害する様々な化合物が当技術分野で知られている。いくつかのBCL−2選択的アポトーシス誘導化合物をがん処置に使用することができる。しかし、いくつかのBCL−2阻害剤は血小板減少症を引き起こす恐れがあり、臨床処置での使用は限られている(例えば、Zhang et al.,Cell Death and Differentiation 14:943−951,2007を参照)。したがって、ヒトにおけるがんを処置する代替的療法が依然として必要とされている。
ヒトにおけるがんを処置する代替的療法が依然として必要とされている。
(4−(4−{[2−(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチルシクロヘキサ−1−エン−1−イル]メチル}ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−({3−ニトロ−4−[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル−メチル)アミノ]フェニル}スルホニル)−2−(1H−ピロロ[2,3−b]ピリジン−5−イル−オキシ)ベンズアミド)、別名ABT−199、GDC0199、及びベネトクラックス、本明細書での呼称は化合物B1;
4−(4−((4’−クロロ−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−2−イル)メチル)ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−((4−((4−(ジメチルアミノ)−1−(フェニルチオ)ブタン−2−イル)アミノ)−3−ニトロフェニル)スルホニル)ベンズアミド、本明細書での呼称は化合物B2;ならびに
4−(4−((4’−クロロ−4,4−ジメチル−3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロ−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−2−イル)メチル)ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−((4−((4−モルホリノ−1−(フェニルチオ)ブタン−2−イル)アミノ)−3−((トリフルオロメチル)スルホニル)フェニル)スルホニル)ベンズアミド、本明細書での呼称は化合物B3、
またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物。
特定の実施形態では、例えば、以下が提供される:
(項目1)
必要としているヒトにおけるがんを処置する方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量の6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オンであるBTK阻害剤、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物と、
以下の群から選択される、治療有効量のBCL−2阻害剤とを投与することを含む方法:
(4−(4−{[2−(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチルシクロヘキサ−1−エン−1−イル]メチル}ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−({3−ニトロ−4−[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル−メチル)アミノ]フェニル}スルホニル)−2−(1H−ピロロ[2,3−b]ピリジン−5−イル−オキシ)ベンズアミド)、
4−(4−((4’−クロロ−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−2−イル)メチル)ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−((4−((4−(ジメチルアミノ)−1−(フェニルチオ)ブタン−2−イル)アミノ)−3−ニトロフェニル)スルホニル)ベンズアミド、及び
4−(4−((4’−クロロ−4,4−ジメチル−3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロ−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−2−イル)メチル)ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−((4−((4−モルホリノ−1−(フェニルチオ)ブタン−2−イル)アミノ)−3−((トリフルオロメチル)スルホニル)フェニル)スルホニル)ベンズアミド、
またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物。
(項目2)
前記ヒトが、(i)少なくとも1種の抗がん療法に対し抵抗性である、または(ii)少なくとも1種の抗がん療法による処置後に再燃状態にある、または(i)及び(ii)の両方である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量の次式のBTK阻害剤:
次式のSyk阻害剤:
(式中、
R 1 は、
、
、
、及び
R 2 は、Hまたは2−ヒドロキシエトキシルであり、
R 3 は、Hまたはメチルであり、
R 4 は、Hまたはメチルである)
を投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目4)
前記Syk阻害剤が、次式の化合物:
である、項目3に記載の方法。
(項目5)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のBTK阻害剤と、治療有効量のイデラリシブと、治療有効量のオビヌツズマブとの組み合わせを投与することを含み、前記BTK阻害剤が、6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オン、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物である、前記方法。
(項目6)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、
治療有効量のP13K阻害剤、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物と、
治療有効量のオビヌツズマブと、
治療有効量の次式のBTK阻害剤との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目7)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のBTK阻害剤及びイデラリシブと、治療有効量のABT−199との組み合わせを投与することを含み、
前記BTK阻害剤が、6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オン、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物である、前記方法。
(項目8)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のオビヌツズマブと、治療有効量の次式のBTK阻害剤:
治療有効量の次式のSyk阻害剤:
(式中、
R 1 は、
、
、
、及び
R 2 は、Hまたは2−ヒドロキシエトキシルであり、
R 3 は、Hまたはメチルであり、
R 4 は、Hまたはメチルである)
との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目9)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、
治療有効量のABT−199と、
治療有効量の式のBTK阻害剤:
治療有効量の次式のSyk阻害剤:
(式中、
R 1 は、
、
、
、及び
R 2 は、Hまたは2−ヒドロキシエトキシルであり、
R 3 は、Hまたはメチルであり、
R 4 は、Hまたはメチルである)
との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目10)
前記Syk阻害剤が、次式の化合物:
である、項目9に記載の方法。
(項目11)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のABT−199及びオビヌツズマブと、治療有効量の次式のSyk阻害剤:
(式中、
R 1 は、
、
、
、及び
は、R 1 が接続している式IIの指示フェニル環の炭素原子を示し、
R 2 は、Hまたは2−ヒドロキシエトキシルであり、
R 3 は、Hまたはメチルであり、
R 4 は、Hまたはメチルである)
との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目12)
前記Syk阻害剤が、次式の化合物:
(項目13)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のオビヌツズマブ及びABT−199と、治療有効量のBTK阻害剤との組み合わせを投与することを含み、前記BTK阻害剤が、6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オン、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物である、前記方法。
(項目14)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のイデラリシブ及びオビヌツズマブと、治療有効量のABT−199との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
(項目15)
必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、前記ヒトに、治療有効量のイデラリシブとBTK阻害剤との組み合わせを投与することを含み、前記BTK阻害剤が、6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オン、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物である、前記方法。
いくつかの変形形態では、BTK阻害剤は、化合物A1、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物である。化合物A1は、以下の構造を有する。
の化合物である(式中、
R1は、
からなる群から選択され、
は、R1が接続している指示フェニル環の炭素原子を示し、
R2は、Hまたは2−ヒドロキシエトキシルであり、
R3は、Hまたはメチルであり、
R4は、Hまたはメチルである)
との組み合わせを投与することを含む、前記方法。
6−(6−アミノ−5−メチルピラジン−2−イル)−N−(4−(4−(オキセタン−3−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)フェニル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−アミン、
6−(6−アミノピラジン−2−イル)−N−(4−(4−(オキセタン−3−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)フェニル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−アミン、
(R)−(4−(4−((6−(6−アミノピラジン−2−イル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−イル)アミノ)フェニル)モルホリン−2−イル)メタノール、
6−(6−アミノピラジン−2−イル)−5−メチル−N−(4−(4−(オキセタン−3−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)フェニル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−アミン、
2−(5−((6−(6−アミノピラジン−2−イル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−イル)アミノ)−2−(4−(オキセタン−3−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)フェノキシ)エタノール、
2−(4−(4−((6−(6−アミノピラジン−2−イル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−イル)アミノ)フェニル)ピペラジン−1−イル)メチル)プロパン−1,3−ジオール、または
2−(5−((6−(6−アミノ−5−メチルピラジン−2−イル)イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピラジン−8−イル)アミノ)−2−(4−(オキセタン−3−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)フェノキシ)エタノール、
またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは共結晶
を含む、別々の処置、医薬組成物、または治療レジメンが各実施形態内に存在することを理解されたい。
(i)疾患に起因する1つ以上の症状の減少、
(ii)疾患程度の縮小及び/または疾患の安定化(例えば、疾患悪化の遅延)、
(iii)疾患拡散の遅延、
(iv)疾患の発症もしくは再発の遅延もしくは緩徐化、及び/または疾患の進行の遅延もしくは緩徐化、
(v)疾患状態の改善及び/もしくは疾患の(部分的もしくは全体的)寛解の提供、ならびに/または疾患処置に要する1つ以上の他の薬品における用量の減少、
(vi)クオリティーオブライフの上昇、
(vii)生存期間の延長、
(iix)疾患または状態に関連した1つ以上の臨床症状発達の緩徐化または抑止(例えば、疾患もしくは状態の安定化、疾患もしくは状態における悪化もしくは進行の予防もしくは遅延、及び/または疾患もしくは状態における拡散(例えば、転移)の予防もしくは遅延)、ならびに/あるいは
(ix)疾患の軽減、すなわち、臨床症状の退化をもたらすこと(例えば、疾患状態の改善、疾患もしくは状態の部分的もしくは全体的寛解の提供、他の薬品の効果強化、疾患進行の遅延、クオリティーオブライフの上昇、及び/または生存期間の延長)。いかなる仮説にも理論にも拘泥するわけではないが、1つ以上の薬剤(例えば、化合物A1、化合物B1、化合物C1(S)、化合物D1、及び/またはオビヌツズマブ)を含む、本明細書に記載の方法は、以下に限定するものではないが、より短い処置期間、がんにおける微小残存病変の低減もしくは最小化、がん耐性の低減もしくは最小化、生存率の増加、症状の減少、またはがん発生の緩徐化を含めた、予想外の処置利点をもたらすことができる。
本明細書に記載のBTK及びBCL−2阻害剤は、組み合わせ療法に使用することができる。したがって、本明細書では、必要としているヒトにおけるがん処置の方法であって、当該ヒトに、本明細書に記載の治療有効量のBTK阻害剤及び治療有効量のBCL−2阻害剤を投与することを含む方法が提供される。
いくつかの実施形態では、がんは、B細胞がんである。いくつかの実施形態では、がんは、がん腫、肉腫、黒色腫、リンパ腫、または白血病である。他の実施形態では、がんは、血液の悪性腫瘍である。いくつかの実施形態では、がんは、白血病(例えば、慢性リンパ性白血病)、リンパ腫(例えば、非ホジキンリンパ腫)、または多発性骨髄腫である。他の実施形態では、がんは、固形腫瘍である。
必要としているヒトとは、がんにかかっている、またはがんにかかっている疑いのある個人であり得る。変形形態の一部では、当該ヒトは、がんを発達させるリスクがあり(例えば、遺伝的にまたは別の形でがんを発達させる素因を有するヒト)、がんと診断されたまたは診断されていないヒトである。本明細書で使用する「リスクがある」対象とは、がん(例えば、がん、血液悪性腫瘍、またはB細胞悪性腫瘍)を発達させるリスクがある対象である。対象は、検出可能な疾患を有しても有しなくてもよく、本明細書に記載の処置方法の前に検出可能な疾患を示していても示していなくてもよい。リスクのある対象は、本明細書に記載するようながんの発達と相関する測定可能なパラメーターである、いわゆるリスク因子を1つ以上有し得る。このリスク因子のうちの1つ以上を有する対象は、このリスク因子(複数可)を有しない個人よりも、がんを発達させる可能性が高い。
a)フルダラビン(FLUDARA(登録商標))、
b)リツキシマブ(RITUXAN(登録商標))、
c)リツキシマブとフルダラビンとの組み合わせ(FRと略されることもある)、
d)シクロホスファミド(CYTOXAN(登録商標))とフルダラビンとの組み合わせ、
e)シクロホスファミドとリツキシマブ及びフルダラビンとの組み合わせ(FCRと略されることもある)、
f)シクロホスファミドとビンクリスチン及びプレドニゾンとの組み合わせ(CVPと略されることもある)、
g)シクロホスファミドと、ビンクリスチン、プレドニゾン、及びリツキシマブとの組み合わせ、
h)シクロホスファミド、ドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン(ONCOVIN(登録商標))、及びプレドニゾンの組み合わせ(CHOPと称されることもある)、
i)クロランブシルと、プレドニゾン、リツキシマブ、オビヌツズマブ、またはオファツムマブとの組み合わせ、
j)ペントスタチンとシクロホスファミド及びリツキシマブとの組み合わせ(PCRと略されることもある)、
k)ベンダムスチン(TREANDA(登録商標))とリツキシマブとの組み合わせ(BRと略されることもある)、
l)アレムツズマブ(CAMPATH(登録商標))、
m)フルダラビンに加えてシクロホスファミド、ベンダムスチン、またはクロランブシル、ならびに
n)フルダラビンに加えてシクロホスファミド、ベンダムスチン、またはクロランブシルと、抗CD20抗体(リツキシマブ、オファツムマブ、またはオビヌツズマブ)との組み合わせ。
いくつかの変形形態では、治療有効量とは、処置を必要としている対象(例えば、ヒト)に投与する場合において、以下に定義するようにこの処置に影響を及ぼす程度に十分な量を指す。治療有効量は、対象、及び処置する疾患状態、対象の体重及び年齢、疾患状態の重症度、ならびに投与様式などに応じて変動することになるが、当業者はこれを容易に決定することができる。例えば、一変形形態では、化合物A1、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物の治療有効量は、BTK発現を調節し、徴候を示すヒトを処置する程度に十分な量、または徴候における既存の症状を改善もしくは緩和する程度に十分な量である。一変形形態では、化合物B1、化合物B2、もしくは化合物B3、またはその医薬的に許容される塩の治療有効量は、抗アポトーシス性BCL−2タンパク質を調節し、徴候を示すヒトを処置する程度に十分な量、または徴候における既存の症状を改善もしくは緩和する程度に十分な量である。
化合物A1などのBTK阻害剤、ならびに化合物B1、化合物B2、及び化合物B3などのBCL−2阻害剤は、当技術分野で公知の任意の好適な方法を用いて投与することができる。加えて、化合物C1、化合物C1(S)、化合物D1、式II、またはその医薬的に許容される塩は、当技術分野で公知の任意の好適な方法を用いて投与することができる。例えば、これらの化合物は、頬側的に、経眼的に、経口的に、浸透圧的に、非経口的に(筋肉内に、腹腔内に、胸骨内に、静脈内に、皮下に)、直腸的に、局所的に、経皮的に、または経腟的に、投与することができる。
BTK及びBCL−2阻害剤は、医薬組成物の形態で投与することができる。例えば、いくつかの変形形態では、本明細書に記載のBTK阻害剤は、BTK阻害剤及び少なくとも1種の医薬的に許容されるビヒクルを含む医薬組成物中に存在していてもよい。いくつかの変形形態では、本明細書に記載のBCL−2阻害剤は、BCL−2阻害剤及び少なくとも1種の医薬的に許容されるビヒクルを含む医薬組成物中に存在していてもよい。医薬的に許容されるビヒクルとしては、医薬的に許容される担体、アジュバント、及び/または添加剤を挙げることができ、他の成分も、製剤の他の成分と適合性であり、かつその受容体に有害でない限りにおいて、医薬的に許容されるものとみなすことができる。
本開示において、一部の態様では、本明細書に記載の組み合わせは、さらに、化学療法剤、免疫療法剤、放射線療法剤、抗悪性腫瘍剤、抗がん剤、増殖阻害剤、抗線維化剤、抗血管新生剤、治療抗体、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせ、と共に使用しても組み合わせてもよい。
いくつかの化学療法剤は、リンパ腫または白血病の処置に好適である。このような薬剤としては、以下のものが挙げられる:アルデスロイキン、アルボシジブ、アンチネオプラストンAS2−1、アンチネオプラストンA10、抗胸腺細胞グロブリン、アミホスチン三水和物、アミノカンプトテシン、三酸化ヒ素、ベータアレチン、BCL−2ファミリープロテイン阻害剤ABT−263、ABT−199、ABT−737、BMS−345541、ボルテゾミブ(VELCADE(登録商標))、ブリオスタチン1、ブスルファン、カルボプラチン、キャンパス−1H、CC−5103、カルムスチン、カスポファンギン酢酸塩、クロファラビン、シスプラチン、クラドリビン、クロランブシル、クルクミン、シクロスポリン、シクロホスファミド、シタラビン、デニロイキンジフチトクス、デキサメタゾン、DT−PACE(デキサメタゾン、サリドマイド、シスプラチン、ドキソルビシン、シクロホスファミド、及びエトポシド)、ドセタキセル、ドラスタチン10、ドキソルビシン、ドキソルビシン塩酸塩、エンザスタウリン、エポエチンアルファ、エトポシド、エベロリムス(RAD001)、フェンレチニド、フィルグラスチム、メルファラン、メスナ、フラボピリドール、フルダラビン、ゲルダナマイシン(17AAG)、イホスファミド、イリノテカン塩酸塩、イクサベピロン、レナリドミド(REVLIMID(登録商標)、CC−5013)、リンフォカイン活性化キラー細胞、メルファラン、メトトレキセート、ミトキサントロン塩酸塩、モテクサフィンガドリニウム、ミコフェノレートモフェチル、ネララビン、オブリメルセン、オバトクラックス(GX15−070)、オブリメルセン、酢酸オクトレオチド、オメガ−3脂肪酸、オキサリプラチン、パクリタキセル、PD0332991、PEG化リポソームドキソルビシン塩酸塩、ペグフィルグラスチム、ペントスタチン、ペリフォシン、プレドニゾロン、プレドニゾン、R−ロスコビチン(セリシクリブ、CYC202)、組み換えインターフェロンアルファ、組み換えインターロイキン−12、組み換えインターロイキン−11、組み換えflt3リガンド、組み換えヒトトロンボポエチン、リツキシマブ、サルグラモスチム、シルデナフィルクエン酸塩、シンバスタチン、シロリムス、スチリルスルホン、タクロリムス、タネスピマイシン、テムシロリムス(CCl−779)、サリドマイド、治療的同種リンパ球、チオテパ、チピファルニブ、VELCADE(登録商標)、PS−341)、ビンクリスチン、ビンクリスチン硫酸塩、ビノレルビン酒石酸塩、SAHA(スベロイルアニリドヒドロキサム酸、またはスベロイル、アニリド、及びヒドロキサム酸)、FR(フルダラビン及びリツキシマブ)、CHOP(シクロホスファミド、ドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン、及びプレドニゾン)、CVP(シクロホスファミド、ビンクリスチン、及びプレドニゾン)、FCM(フルダラビン、シクロホスファミド、及びミトキサントロン)、FCR(フルダラビン、シクロホスファミド、及びリツキシマブ)、hyperCVAD(多分割されたシクロホスファミド、ビンクリスチン、ドキソルビシン、デキサメタゾン、メトトレキセート、及びシタラビン)、ICE(イホスファミド、カルボプラチン、及びエトポシド)、MCP(ミトキサントロン、クロランブシル、及びプレドニゾロン)、R−CHOP(リツキシマブ及びCHOP)、R−CVP(リツキシマブ及びCVP)、R−FCM(リツキシマブ及びFCM)、R−ICE(リツキシマブ及びICE)、ならびにR MCP(リツキシマブ及びMCP)。
非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)、特にB細胞由来の非ホジキンリンパ腫の処置は、モノクローナル抗体、標準的な化学療法アプローチ(例えば、CHOP、CVP、FCM、MCPなど)、放射免疫療法、及びこれらの組み合わせ、特に抗体療法及び化学療法を統合したものを使用することを含む。
マントル細胞リンパ腫(MCL)の治療処置としては、CHOP、hyperCVAD、及びFCMなどの組み合わせ化学療法が挙げられる。これらのレジメンには、モノクローナル抗体リツキシマブを追加して、R−CHOP、hyperCVAD−R、及びR−FCMという組み合わせ療法を形成することもできる。MCLを処置するために、上述の療法のいずれかを幹細胞移植またはICEと組み合わせることもできる。
ワルデンシュトレームマクログロブリン血症(WM)の処置に使用する治療剤としては、ペリフォシン、ボルテゾミブ(VELCADE(登録商標))、リツキシマブ、シルデナフィルクエン酸塩(VIAGRA(登録商標))、CC−5103、サリドマイド、エプラツズマブ(hLL2−抗CD22ヒト化抗体)、シムバスタシン、エンザスタウリン、キャンパス−1H、デキサメタゾン、DT−PACE、オブリメルセン、アンチネオプラストンA10、アンチネオプラストンAS2−1、アレムツズマブ、ベータアレチン、シクロホスファミド、ドキソルビシン塩酸塩、プレドニゾン、ビンクリスチン硫酸塩、フルダラビン、フィルグラスチム、メルファラン、組み換えインターフェロンアルファ、カルムスチン、シスプラチン、シクロホスファミド、シタラビン、エトポシド、メルファラン、ドラスタチン10、インジウム−111モノクローナル抗体MN−14、イットリウム−90ヒト化エプラツズマブ、抗胸腺細胞グロブリン、ブスルファン、シクロスポリン、メトトレキセート、ミコフェノレートモフェチル、治療的同種リンパ球、イットリウム−90 イブリツモマブチウキセタン、シロリムス、タクロリムス、カルボプラチン、チオテパ、パクリタキセル、アルデスロイキン、ドセタキセル、イホスファミド、メスナ、組み換えインターロイキン−11、組み換えインターロイキン−12、BCL−2ファミリータンパク質阻害剤ABT−263、デニロイキンジフチトクス、タネスピマイシン、エベロリムス、ペグフィルグラスチム、ボリノスタット、アルボシジブ、組み換えflt3リガンド、組み換えヒトトロンボポエチン、リンフォカイン活性化キラー細胞、アミホスチン三水和物、アミノカンプトテシン、イリノテカン塩酸塩、カスポファンギン酢酸塩、クロファラビン、エポエチンアルファ、ネララビン、ペントスタチン、サルグラモスチム、ビノレルビン酒石酸塩、WT−1アナログペプチドワクチン、WT1 126−134ペプチドワクチン、フェンレチニド、イクサベピロン、オキサリプラチン、モノクローナル抗体CD19、モノクローナル抗体CD20、オメガ−3脂肪酸、ミトキサントロン塩酸塩、オクトレオチド酢酸塩、トシツモマブ、ヨード−131トシツモマブ、モテクサフィンガドリニウム、三酸化ヒ素、チピファルニブ、ヒト自己腫瘍由来HSPPC−96、ベルツズマブ、ブリオスタチン1、PEG化リポソームドキソルビシン塩酸塩、及びこれらのいずれかの組み合わせが挙げられる。
びまん性大細胞型B細胞性リンパ腫(DLBCL)の処置に使用する治療剤としては、シクロホスファミド、ドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン、プレドニゾン、抗CD20モノクローナル抗体、エトポシド、ブレオマイシン、WM用に収載された薬剤の多く、及びこれらの組み合わせ(例えば、ICE及びR ICE)が挙げられる。
本明細書に記載のBTK阻害剤を含む組成物(例えば、製剤及び単位投薬量を含む)、及び本明細書に記載のBCL−2阻害剤を含む組成物は、調製し、適切な容器に入れ、指示条件の処置用にラベルを付すことができる。したがって、本明細書に記載のBTK阻害剤の単位剤形及びBCL−2阻害剤の単位剤形、ならびに当該化合物の使用説明を含むラベルを含む容器のような製造物品も、提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、当該製造物品は、(i)本明細書に記載のBTK阻害剤と、1種以上の医薬的に許容される担体、アジュバント、または添加剤との単位剤形、ならびに(ii)本明細書に記載のBCL−2阻害剤と、1種以上の医薬的に許容される担体、アジュバント、または添加剤との単位剤形、を含む容器である。一実施形態では、BTK阻害剤及びBCL−2阻害剤のいずれについても、単位剤形はタブレットである。
以下の実施例は、本出願で開示される実施形態の理解をさらに助けるために提供され、当該実施例が関係する技術分野の当業者に周知の従来的方法に対する理解を前提とするものである。以下に記載される特定の材料及び条件は、本明細書で開示される実施形態における特定の態様の例示を意図しており、それらの妥当な範囲を限定するものと解釈すべきではない。
本研究は、BTK阻害剤の化合物A1による、原発性慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)細胞におけるアポトーシスを誘導する能力について、ストローマ細胞共培養の非存在下及び存在下、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40共刺激を伴う条件で評価するために行った。二次的な目的は、化合物A1とBCL−2阻害剤の化合物B1との組み合わせが、原発性CLL細胞において単剤によるアポトーシス効果を強化することができるかを決定することであった。
化合物A1及びB1のサンプルを、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中の10mMストックとして調製した。化合物は、使用する前に、0.75mLポリプロピレンチューブ中で−20℃で凍結させた10mMのDMSOストックから解凍するか、またはガラスの保存用バイアル中に室温で保管した10mMのDMSOストックから等分した。
細胞をディープウェル(2mL)アッセイブロックに移し、1mLのカチオンフリーPBS(PBS−/−)ですすいだ。細胞を、製造業者の指示に従ってInvtrogenのアクアLive/Dead試薬中に再懸濁させ、氷上で30分インキュベートした。アクアLive/Deadを等体積のPBS+/+及び4%のFBS(FACSバッファー)でクエンチした。細胞を遠心処理し、全体積80μLにおいてαCD5−PE、αCD19−BV421、及びアネキシンV−APCで標識し、氷上で30分インキュベートした。標識後、細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、次にBD固定バッファーにより氷上で30分固定した。細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、解析した。
アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−またはアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+をゲートにかけ、各集団における陽性細胞のパーセンテージをウェルごとに記録し、データをフローサイトメトリー標準(fcs)ファイルに抽出した。アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−及びアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+の平均パーセンテージを決定した。
1)FA=1−(FUA1xFUA2)
(式中、FAは、組み合わせにおけるブリス予測による加算値であり、FUA1は、化合物1単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージであり、FUA2は、化合物2単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージである。)ブリススコアは、以下の式を用いて算出した。
2)B=A−FA
(式中、Bはブリススコアであり、Aは、実際の(観察された)化合物組み合わせの効果であり、FAは、式(1)で算出されたブリス予測による加算的相互作用である。)0に等しいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算的相互作用を示す。0より大きいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を上回る相互作用または相乗的相互作用を示す。0より小さいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を下回る相互作用または拮抗的相互作用を示す。このプロセスを、本研究で使用した3x3及び8x3組み合わせマトリックスにおける各ポイントについて反復した。
化合物A1が原発性CLL細胞アポトーシスを誘導することができるかを決定するため、修正版共培養アッセイシステムを利用した。この生体外システムは、生体のリンパ節内または骨髄内で見いだされる、ストローマミクロ環境と共に存在するCLL細胞の細胞相互作用を模倣するように設計した。個別のCLL対象における、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40刺激(±HS−5共培養)の存在下または非存在下で定量化されたPBMCアポトーシスの概要を表2に提示する。
αIgM/αIgG/αCD40で刺激した5名のドナー由来の原発性CLL細胞における化合物A1のアポトーシス誘導の結果は、幾何平均EC50(±標準偏差)の値が27.2±11.3nM(N=4)であり、平均最大アポトーシスが1μMで21.1%であった(図3)。HS−5共培養の存在下では、試験した5名中3名のドナーのアポトーシスレベルが概してバックグラウンドを上回って増加しなかったため、平均EC50値を報告しない。化合物A1の場合に観察された比較的低いレベルのアポトーシスは、BCL−2阻害剤の化合物B1をA1と組み合わせて添加したことにより、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40共刺激を伴う原発性CLL細胞における全体的なアポトーシスが増加する可能性があることを示唆するものであった。全ての試験化合物は、アポトーシス誘導において用量反応的効果を示した(図5)。反応の大きさは、ドナー間及び化合物間で異なった。化合物A1について、5名のドナーにおける66〜72時間時の最大アポトーシスを比較したものを表3に概括する。
アポトーシスに及ぼす相乗効果を査定するため、化合物A1と化合物B1との組み合わせを、個別の原発性CLL患者のサンプル8つで試験した。当該組み合わせの効果を特徴づけるため、化合物A1及び化合物B1を、上述のように8x3または3x3の組み合わせマトリックスでCLL細胞に投薬し、66〜72時間処置した。ブリス独立モデルを相乗作用のスコア化に使用した。アポトーシス測定値及びそれに対する相乗作用のブリススコア算出値を個別の対になった濃度アッセイポイントごとにプロットした。結果を図6に示す。
本研究は、PI3K阻害剤の化合物C1、及びBCL−2阻害剤の化合物B1による、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40共刺激を伴った原発性慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)細胞におけるアポトーシスを誘導する能力について、ストローマ細胞共培養の非存在下及び存在下で評価するために行った。二次的な目的は、化合物C1とBCL−2阻害剤の化合物B1との組み合わせが、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40共刺激を伴った原発性CLL細胞において、ストローマ細胞共培養の非存在下及び存在下で、単剤によるアポトーシス効果を強化することができるかを決定することであった。
化合物C1及びB1のサンプルを、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中の10mMストックとして調製した。化合物は、使用する前に、0.75mLポリプロピレンチューブ中で−20℃で凍結させた10mMのDMSOストックから解凍するか、またはガラスの保存用バイアル中に室温で保管した10mMのDMSOストックから等分した。
細胞をディープウェル(2mL)アッセイブロックに移し、1mLのカチオンフリーPBS(PBS−/−)ですすいだ。細胞を、製造業者の指示に従ってInvtrogenのアクアLive/Dead試薬中に再懸濁させ、氷上で30分インキュベートした。アクアLive/Deadを等体積のPBS+/+及び4%のFBS(FACSバッファー)でクエンチした。細胞を遠心処理し、全体積80μLにおいてαCD5−PE、αCD19−BV421、及びアネキシンV−APCで標識し、氷上で30分インキュベートした。標識後、細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、次にBD固定バッファーにより氷上で30分固定した。細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、解析した。
アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−またはアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+をゲートにかけ、各集団における陽性細胞のパーセンテージをウェルごとに記録し、データをフローサイトメトリー標準(fcs)ファイルに抽出した。アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−及びアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+の平均パーセンテージを決定した。
1)FA=1−(FUA1xFUA2)
(式中、FAは、組み合わせにおけるブリス予測による加算値であり、FUA1は、化合物1単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージであり、FUA2は、化合物2単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージである。)ブリススコアは、以下の式を用いて算出した。
2)B=A−FA
(式中、Bはブリススコアであり、Aは、実際の(観察された)化合物組み合わせの効果であり、FAは、式(1)で算出されたブリス予測による加算的相互作用である。)0に等しいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算的相互作用を示す。0より大きいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を上回る相互作用または相乗的相互作用を示す。0より小さいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を下回る相互作用または拮抗的相互作用を示す。このプロセスを、本研究で使用した4x9及び4x3組み合わせマトリックスにおける各ポイントについて反復した。
αIgM/αIgG/αCD40によるCLL細胞への刺激は、値は様々であるが統計的に有意な生体外での原発性CLL細胞保護(p=0001)をもたらし、ストローマ細胞系のHS−5との共培養は、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40刺激と共に、アポトーシスの観察レベルをさらに低減した(p=0.0051)。化合物C1及び化合物B1は、原発性のαIgM/αIgG/αCD40で刺激されたCLL細胞のアポトーシスを、それぞれアポトーシス細胞の平均最大比率23%、91.4%で誘導することができた。
図7は、化合物C1がアポトーシス誘導において用量反応的効果を示したことを実証している。反応の大きさは、ドナー間で異なった。化合物C1についての5名のドナーにおける66〜72時間時の最大アポトーシスを表5に概括する。これに対し、化合物B1はより高いレベルのアポトーシスを誘導することができた。30nMでは、試験した全CLLサンプルで>60%のアポトーシスが観察された(図7)。
アポトーシスに及ぼす相乗効果を査定するため、化合物C1及び化合物B1の組み合わせを、複数の個別の原発性CLL患者のサンプル(すなわち、個別の原発性CLL患者のサンプル9つ)で試験した。当該組み合わせの効果を特徴づけるため、化合物C1及び化合物B1を、上述のように4x9または4x3の組み合わせマトリックスでCLL細胞に投薬し、66〜72時間処置した。ブリス独立モデルを相乗作用のスコア化に使用した。アポトーシス測定値及びそれに対する相乗作用のブリススコア算出値を個別の対になった濃度アッセイポイントごとにプロットした。結果を図8に示す。
化合物A1及びB1のサンプルを、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中の10mMストックとして調製した。化合物は、使用する前に、0.75mLポリプロピレンチューブ中で−20℃で凍結させた10mMのDMSOストックから解凍するか、またはガラスの保存用バイアル中に室温で保管した10mMのDMSOストックから等分した。
細胞をディープウェル(2mL)アッセイブロックに移し、1mLのカチオンフリーPBS(PBS−/−)ですすいだ。細胞を、製造業者の指示に従ってInvtrogenのアクアLive/Dead試薬中に再懸濁させ、氷上で30分インキュベートした。アクアLive/Deadを等体積のPBS+/+及び4%のFBS(FACSバッファー)でクエンチした。細胞を遠心処理し、全体積80μLにおいてαCD5−PE、αCD19−BV421、及びアネキシンV−APCで標識し、氷上で30分インキュベートした。標識後、細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、次にBD固定バッファーにより氷上で30分固定した。細胞をFACSバッファーで2回すすぎ、解析した。
アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−またはアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+をゲートにかけ、各集団における陽性細胞のパーセンテージをウェルごとに記録し、データをフローサイトメトリー標準(fcs)ファイルに抽出した。アネキシンV+/Live−Dead−及びアネキシンV−/Live−Dead+の平均パーセンテージを決定した。
1)FA=1−(FUA1xFUA2)
(式中、FAは、組み合わせにおけるブリス予測による加算値であり、FUA1は、化合物1単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージであり、FUA2は、化合物2単独による影響を受けなかった細胞のパーセンテージである。)ブリススコアは、以下の式を用いて算出した。
2)B=A−FA
(式中、Bはブリススコアであり、Aは、実際の(観察された)化合物組み合わせの効果であり、FAは、式(1)で算出されたブリス予測による加算的相互作用である。)0に等しいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算的相互作用を示す。0より大きいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を上回る相互作用または相乗的相互作用を示す。0より小さいブリススコアは、2種の化合物間における加算性を下回る相互作用または拮抗的相互作用を示す。このプロセスを、本研究で使用した3x3及び8x3組み合わせマトリックスにおける各ポイントについて反復した。
化合物A1が原発性CLL細胞アポトーシスを誘導することができるかを決定するため、修正版共培養アッセイシステムを利用した。この生体外システムは、生体のリンパ節内または骨髄内で見いだされる、ストローマミクロ環境と共に存在するCLL細胞の細胞相互作用を模倣するように設計した。個別のCLL対象における、αIgM/αIgG/αCD40刺激(±HS−5共培養)の存在下または非存在下で定量化されたPBMCアポトーシスの概要を以下の表に提示する。
アポトーシスに及ぼす相乗効果を判定するため、化合物A1と化合物B1との組み合わせを、個別の原発性CLL患者のサンプル8つで試験した。当該組み合わせの効果を特徴づけるため、化合物A1または化合物B1を、8x3または3x3の組み合わせマトリックスでCLL細胞に投薬し、66〜72時間処置した。ブリス独立モデルを相乗作用のスコア化に使用した。アポトーシス測定値及びそれに対する相乗作用のブリススコア算出値を個別の対になった濃度アッセイポイントごとにプロットした。結果を図6に示す。
以下の実施例では、化合物A1はBtk阻害剤を指し、化合物C1はPI3Kデルタ阻害剤、すなわちイデラリシブを指し、化合物D1はSyk阻害剤、すなわちエントスプレチニブを指す。
慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)の成人患者由来の凍結末梢血サンプルを本研究用に使用した。
Claims (4)
- 必要としているヒトにおける慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)を処置するための組成物であって、前記組成物は、6−アミノ−9−[(3R)−1−(2−ブチノイル)−3−ピロリジニル]−7−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−7,9−ジヒドロ−8H−プリン−8−オンであるBTK阻害剤、またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物を含み、
前記組成物は、1種以上の追加的な治療剤と組み合わせて投与されることを特徴とし、前記追加的な治療剤は、
(a)以下である、BCL−2阻害剤:
(4−(4−{[2−(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチルシクロヘキサ−1−エン−1−イル]メチル}ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−({3−ニトロ−4−[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル−メチル)アミノ]フェニル}スルホニル)−2−(1H−ピロロ[2,3−b]ピリジン−5−イル−オキシ)ベンズアミド)、
またはその医薬的に許容される塩もしくは水和物;
(b)イデラリシブ及びABT−199;または
(c)オビヌツズマブ及びABT−199
である、組成物。 - 前記追加的な治療剤が、(4−(4−{[2−(4−クロロフェニル)−4,4−ジメチルシクロヘキサ−1−エン−1−イル]メチル}ピペラジン−1−イル)−N−({3−ニトロ−4−[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル−メチル)アミノ]フェニル}スルホニル)−2−(1H−ピロロ[2,3−b]ピリジン−5−イル−オキシ)ベンズアミド)であり、前記ヒトが、(i)少なくとも1種の抗がん療法に対し抵抗性である、または(ii)少なくとも1種の抗がん療法による処置後に再燃状態にある、または(i)及び(ii)の両方である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記追加的な治療剤が、イデラリシブ及びABT−199である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記追加的な治療剤が、オビヌツズマブ及びABT−199である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
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