JP6808540B2 - Polygon processing tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a polygon processing tool. Specifically, a polygon processing tool used to rotate a work material such as a circular shaft member around its axis and process an outer peripheral surface into a polygon (polygon processing). Regarding.

In polygon processing, when the outer peripheral surface of a work material such as a circular shaft member is processed into a desired polygon, the outer peripheral surface (annular outer peripheral surface) of the cutter body is usually formed by the number of angles of the polygon. Polygon machining tools (hereinafter referred to as machining tools) that are configured by arranging and fixing half the number of cutting inserts (cutting edges) at equal intervals (3 for hexagons, 2 for squares). Alternatively, it is also simply referred to as a tool) (Patent Document 1). In this processing, the work material fixed to the spindle of the lathe is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed (rotation speed per unit time, rpm), and another rotation axis arranged in parallel with the rotation axis (hereinafter, hereinafter,). The machining tool attached to the "sub-spindle") is set so that a predetermined depth of cut (opposite side dimension) can be obtained in the work material, and the rotation speed of the work material is 2 in the same rotation direction as the work material. While rotating at twice the rotation speed, lateral feed (feed in the direction in which the rotation axis extends (the direction of the axis parallel to the rotation axis)) is performed relative to the work material, and the outer peripheral surface of the work material is fed. It is a kind of turning process in which a desired polygonal shape can be obtained by intermittent cutting. When it is desired to chamfer the outer peripheral surfaces of the work material (circular shaft member) facing each other, for example, a machining tool having one cutting insert (cutting edge) is used.

Polygon machining by such polygon machining is based on the rotation machining method, and although a high-precision plane of the part forming the side of the polygon cannot be obtained, it is possible to use a spanner like the head of a bolt or a driver's bit. Practically, it has been widely put into practical use for polygonal machining of shaft members that do not have any problems even if it is not highly accurate. Recently, automatic lathes (NC automatic lathes, CNC automatic lathes, etc., hereinafter referred to as lathes) have been used. In particular, the cutter body (blade diameter) has been made larger relative to the diameter of the work material, and the machining accuracy has been improved. On the other hand, the machining tools used for such polygon machining are a cutter body having an annular shape such as an annular shape that is externally fitted to the sub-shaft of a lathe and fixed (clamped) to the cutter body, which is often used as a work material. It is composed of a cutting insert having a cutting edge according to a square processing form (pre-grinding, post-grinding, etc.). Then, such a machining tool is a cutting insert (hereinafter, also referred to as an insert) on the front surface of the cutter body (the surface (annular surface) facing the traveling direction (cutting direction) in the relative lateral feed of the machining tool). An accommodating part such as a recess for fixing the cutter is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the main body, and the position of the cutting edge of the cutting edge protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter main body is adjusted together with the fixing means (fixing mechanism) of the cutting insert fixed there. It usually has a structure including a mechanism for cutting.

Here, the position of the cutting edge (cutting edge) is adjusted because the outer diameter drawn by the cutting edge when the machining tool rotates affects the machining accuracy of the opposite side dimension of the polygon to be machined. It is important along with the setting of the vertical feed amount (cutting amount) for the work material (spindle) of the shaft). In polygon processing, as described above, for example, when the outer peripheral surface of a shaft member, which is a work material, is processed into a regular hexagon, three inserts (A, B, C) are usually inserted at intervals of 120 degrees. , It is fixed to the cutter body, and the cutting edge is projected from the outer peripheral surface and clamped. Then, a machining tool adjusted so that the cutting edge of each cutting insert is in the same position according to the opposite side dimension of the hexagon to be machined is attached to the sub-spindle, and this is vertically fed by a predetermined amount with respect to the spindle to be machined. The tool is rotated in the same direction at twice the rotation speed of the material, and the tool is relatively laterally fed. In this case, the processing of the six sides forming the hexagon is such that three inserts (cutting edges) A, B, C are A, B, C, and around the outer peripheral surface (around the outer circumference of the hexagon). , A, B, C in that order. As a result, the opposite sides of the cutting edge are cut by the same cutting edge (for example, inserts A and A), while the other sides that are not facing each other are cut by different cutting edges (for example, inserts A and A). Inserts B and C) are responsible for cutting, respectively. Therefore, if there is an error in the dimension (distance) from the center of rotation of the cutter body (secondary shaft) of the three cutting inserts to the cutting edge, the error will be an error in the machining accuracy of each opposite side dimension, so 0.1 mm. When the machining accuracy of the unit is required, the cutting edge (cutting edge) position of each cutting insert needs to be adjusted in units of 0.1 mm, depending on the required accuracy, but a small amount (for example, 0). The adjustment is required in units of .01 mm to 0.5 mm).

In this way, in polygon processing, prior to the processing, the position of the cutting edge (dimensional accuracy of the distance from the rotation center of the cutter body (sub-axis)) can be adjusted and held constant with a small error. Is important. On the other hand, in the above-mentioned conventional machining tool, the cutting insert is arranged in the pocket formed in the cutter body via the locator, and the locator is moved in the radial direction in the cutter body by the adjusting screw. It is configured to adjust the position of the cutting edge (cutting edge). After such adjustment, the cutting insert is fixed by a screw that pushes the wedge on the rake face side. Further, as another known tool, a tool in which a cutting insert is screwed to a locator and the locator is finely adjusted by a slide in a pocket of a cutter body with an adjusting screw is also known.

Jikkai Sho 56-147023

As described above, the conventional polygon processing tool requires a member such as a locator or a wedge as a mechanism and a configuration for adjusting the cutting edge (cutting edge) position including fixing of the cutting insert. ing. For this reason, the cutter body requires attachment of members such as locators and wedges, and a storage portion (space), so that the cutter body becomes large and has a large diameter. Moreover, since each member such as a locator is required according to the number of cutting inserts, the larger the number of polygonal machining tools (multi-blade tools), the larger the diameter of the cutter body. ..

On the other hand, in polygon processing of a shaft member whose work material has a relatively small diameter, a small lathe (hereinafter referred to as a small lathe) is used. In such a small lathe, it is attached to its sub-shaft and rotated. The "swing size" of the machining tool, that is, the maximum outer diameter of the machining tool that can be used, is also smaller than that of a large lathe. As described above, the outer diameter of the polygon processing tool (outer diameter of the cutter body) that can be used or applied by being attached to the sub-shaft of a small lathe is naturally limited. For example, the outer diameter of the cutter body used in many small CNC lathes is limited to about φ60 mm. In a cutter body with such an outer diameter, considering the existence of mounting holes on the sub-shaft, only a space of about 20 mm in radius can be secured. Therefore, as described above, a wedge is required for fixing, and the locator and its movement are required. It is not easy to apply a mechanism that adjusts the cutting edge by using an adjusting screw. In particular, when the number of cutting inserts to be fixed is a plurality of, it is difficult to make a tool for processing polygons having a small diameter while ensuring a mechanism for adjusting the position (blade diameter) of the cutting edge. As a result, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform high-precision machining with a small-diameter polygon machining tool.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a polygon processing tool capable of responding to a demand for a smaller diameter and a larger number of blades of a cutter body without impairing the positioning adjustment function of the cutting edge of a cutting insert. The purpose is to do.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a cutter body forming an annular shape and one or a plurality of cutting inserts, and the cutting inserts are arranged in an accommodating portion provided in the cutter body to form an outer circumference of the cutter body. A polygon processing tool that is fixed by projecting a cutting edge from a surface and has a means for adjusting the positioning of the cutting edge of the cutting edge.
The cutting insert is assumed to have a cutting edge at at least one end of a rod-shaped base, and the accommodating portion of the cutter body guides the cutting insert through the base of the cutting insert with its inner surface as a guide. It is formed so that it can slide back and forth with the protruding direction as the front.
The cutting insert arranged at the accommodating portion has a structure of being fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body.
Moreover, the cutting insert is placed in the predetermined portion so as to obtain a component force for advancing the cutting insert itself when a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface other than the end surface thereof is pressed in the state of being arranged in the accommodation portion. The cutter body is provided with an inclined pressing surface, and a positioning bolt is screwed into a second screw hole provided in the cutter body, and the positioning bolt is inclined by adjusting the screwing amount. It is characterized by providing the positioning adjusting means capable of adjusting the position of the cutting edge by changing the contact position on the shape pressing surface.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the positioning bolt is a bolt with a head, and the bolt with a head is screwed in, and the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, further comprising the positioning adjusting means capable of adjusting the position of the cutting edge by changing the position of the cutting edge.
The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the accommodating portion is a hole perforated from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body. The above-mentioned polygon processing tool.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the accommodating portion is formed so as to open on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body and penetrate between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. The polygon processing tool according to any one of Items to 3.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the inclined pressing surface is a peripheral surface of the insert located on the annular center side of the cutter body in a state where the cutting insert is arranged at the accommodating portion. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polygon is formed at a predetermined portion.
The invention according to claim 6 is the polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutting insert has cutting edges at both ends of the base portion. ..

The invention according to claim 7, wherein the second screw hole is provided so that the positioning bolt can be screwed in from the front surface of the cutter body. The polygon processing tool according to item 1.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the cutting insert is fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body in the same direction as the rake face forming the cutting edge or the opposite side surface. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the tool is pressed against the object.

In the invention according to claim 1, based on the above configuration, only a fixing bolt (fixing male screw member) and a positioning bolt (positioning male screw member) are used for fixing and positioning adjustment of the insert, and a locator and a wedge. Compared to the conventional polygon processing tool that required a piece (wedge), the number of parts is smaller. Therefore, the cutter body does not require a space for accommodating a locator or the like, and the inclined pressing surface provided on the insert is pressed by screwing a positioning bolt to adjust the positioning of the insert. The diameter of the cutter body can be reduced. The pressing of the inclined pressing surface by the positioning bolt may be performed by the tip of the positioning bolt, but as described in claim 2, the positioning bolt is a headed bolt and the head is used. The attached bolt is screwed in, and the position of the cutting edge can be adjusted by changing the position where the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount. Is good. Such a bolt with a head is a bolt (male screw member) having a head having an outer diameter (usually a circular outer diameter) that is appropriately larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft, and the head is a flat head screw having a flat head shape or the like. In addition, a hexagon socket head cap screw is exemplified. However, if the positioning bolt is an all-screw bolt without a head (for example, a set screw with a hexagonal hole), the inclined pressing surface may be pressed by the tip thereof as described above.

In the present invention, the inclined pressing surface is formed not on the end surface of the insert but on the peripheral surface. Therefore, the second screw hole for screwing the positioning bolt for pressing the inclined pressing surface is the cutter main body ( The insert and the insert are not arranged in tandem in the radial direction of the annular portion), and the diameter of the cutter body can be further reduced accordingly. That is, in the present invention, the positioning bolt used for adjusting the cutting edge position is advanced to the insert on the end face (the end face located on the annular center side of the cutter body) on the opposite side (rear) to the protruding side of the insert. Since the structure is not such that a force is applied but a component force is applied to the insert on the peripheral surface of the insert to advance the insert, the diameter of the cutter body in the radial direction can be reduced. As a result, it can be used as a tool for processing polygons having a small diameter while being provided with means for adjusting the position (blade diameter) of the cutting edge. Regarding the base portion of the insert, the rod shape may have an appropriate length that allows it to slide in the same posture in the sliding direction, and includes those shorter than the maximum diameter of the cross section.

In the use of the polygon processing tool of the present invention, for example, in the cutter body attached to the auxiliary shaft of the lathe, the fixing bolt is relaxed (retracted), and the insert is placed in the accommodating portion. For example, while checking the position of the cutting edge with a dial gauge, adjust the cutting edge to a desired position (blade diameter position), and at that position, if the positioning bolt is, for example, a bolt with a head, the head is the above. The fixing bolt may be screwed in so as to come into contact with the inclined pressing surface to fix the cutting insert. If the positioning bolt is, for example, a full screw bolt, the tip thereof hits the inclined pressing surface. The fixing bolts may be screwed in so as to be in contact with each other to fix the cutting insert. Then, such adjustment and fixing of the cutting edge position may be performed for each of the cutting inserts.

It should be noted that the inclined pressing surface may be pressed by a positioning bolt to obtain a component force capable of advancing the cutting insert itself from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body in the protruding direction of the cutting edge, such as friction. Therefore, depending on the screwing torque, the advance may not be obtained. Depending on the screwing force, even if it cannot be advanced due to the inclination angle of the pressing surface, the friction between the accommodating portion and the insert, etc., the position where the insert retracts can be adjusted and its positioning is sufficient. The inclined pressing surface is pressed by a positioning bolt (head or tip thereof) on the peripheral surface of the insert (outer peripheral surface of the rod-shaped portion) so that a component force for advancing the insert can be obtained. Any inclined surface facing the rear (annular center of the cutter body) may be formed.

Since the present invention is a tool for processing polygons, the accommodation portion of the cutting insert provided in the cutter body is usually from the center of the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body when the cutter body is viewed from the front when there are a plurality of cutting inserts. , Equally spaced (for example, 120 degree spacing in the case of hexagonal machining). The accommodating portion may be formed such that the cutting insert to be fixed is slidable in the protruding direction of the cutting edge. Therefore, the accommodating portion may be a concave groove that is depressed on the front surface (annular surface) of the cutter body and extends from the inner peripheral surface toward the outer peripheral surface. On the other hand, when the prevention of the cutting insert from falling off and the stability of fixing are emphasized, the accommodating portion is an empty hole drilled from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body as described in claim 3. It is better to use a hole.

In the case of a concave groove or a hole, the cross section of the cutting insert is cut according to the shape and size of the cross section (cross section perpendicular to the sliding direction) of the cutting insert to be arranged, using the inner surface as a guide. It suffices if it can slide in the protruding direction of the blade. If the cross section of the insert is rectangular (the cross section is a square bar such as a square or a rectangle), a rectangular groove or a hole may be made accordingly, and if the cross section of the insert is circular, A concave groove or a hole in the cross section may be formed accordingly. If it is a circular hole, it is easy to process and form it, and if it is a rectangular hole, there is an advantage that the insert can be prevented from rotating around its peripheral surface in the concave groove.

Even if the accommodating portion is a concave groove or a hole, the accommodating portion does not have to open (penetrate) on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter main body, but as in the invention of claim 4, the cutter main body. It is preferable to form an opening on the inner peripheral surface of the (annular portion) so as to penetrate between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. This is because when penetrating through the inner peripheral surface in this way, there is no bottom (bottom wall) at the back of the hole (or concave groove) (on the inner peripheral surface side of the cutter body). This is because when inserts having the same length between both end faces are used, the radial dimension of the cutter body can be further reduced (miniaturized).

Further, in the present invention, the inclined pressing surface is headed by contact (or pressure welding) by the head when the positioning bolt is screwed into the second screw hole, if it is a bolt with a head. If the bolt has no part, the retreat of the insert can be stopped by the contact (or pressure welding) by the tip of the bolt (positioning in the sliding direction is possible), or the amount of the forward direction generated by the pressing by the contact (or pressure welding). It suffices if we can move forward by force. Therefore, in the insert, there is no limitation on the position where the inclined pressing surface is provided, but it is preferable to form the insert at the end or the portion near the end as in the invention according to claim 5. This is because the shape and structure of the cutting insert itself can be reduced in size and simplification, and the cost can be reduced accordingly. For the same reason, the inclined pressing surface is preferably a flat surface, but may be a curved surface having an appropriate convexity or concaveness. Since the insert used in the present invention has a cutting edge at one end of the rod-shaped base portion, the total length thereof can be shortened, so that the demand for reducing the diameter of the cutter body can be greatly met. However, in order to reduce the cost, it is preferable to provide cutting edges at both ends as in the invention of claim 6.

The second screw hole may be capable of screwing the positioning bolt from the back surface of the cutter body, but as in the invention of claim 7, the screw hole can be screwed in from the front surface of the cutter body. It is preferable to provide it because the screwing work is easy. Further, the position of the first screw hole is not limited as long as the insert can be pressed by the fixing bolt, so that the position and the direction of drilling are not restricted, but as in the invention of claim 8, there is no restriction. The insert is fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into the first screw hole provided in the cutter body so that the rake surface forming the cutting edge or the surface opposite to the rake surface (bottom surface) is pressed against the insert. Is good. In the present invention, the number (one or more), screw diameter, etc. of the fixing bolts are set so that stable fixing can be obtained according to the dimensions such as the length of the cutting insert and the cutting conditions such as cutting resistance. However, it is desirable to use one from the viewpoint of space saving in the radial direction of the cutter body.

A partially broken front view and an enlarged view of a main part of an embodiment of a polygon processing tool according to the present invention as viewed from the front thereof. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the polygon processing tool of FIG. The front view of the cutter body which comprises the polygon processing tool of FIG. A is a right side view of FIG. 1, B is a sectional view of S1-S1 of FIG. 1, C is a sectional view of S2-S2 of FIG. 1, and D is a sectional view of S3-S3 of FIG. An enlarged view of the C4 portion of FIG. An enlarged view of the D4 portion of FIG. It is a view of the cutting insert constituting the polygon processing tool of FIG. 1 from each surface, A is a view (front view) looking through the lateral relief surface, and B is a view of A from the rake face side. Viewed view, C is a view of A from the bottom, D is an end view of A as seen from the front flank side, E is a sectional view of A's EE, and F is a sectional view of A's FF. .. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5 for explaining another example of a cutting edge positioning adjusting means including a positioning bolt and the like. It is a figure explaining another example of a cutting insert and an inclined pressing surface, A is a view as seen through the lateral relief surface (front view), C is a view of A as seen from the bottom surface, and D is a view. , A as seen from the front flank side, E is an EE sectional view of A, and F is an FF sectional view of A. Another example of the polygon processing tool according to the present invention is a partially broken front view and an enlarged view of a main part thereof as viewed from the front. FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the polygon processing tool of FIG. The left figure (K) shows the right side view of only the cutter body constituting the polygon processing tool of FIG. 10 (right side view of FIG. 10), and the right figure (A) fixes the cutting insert to the cutter body of the left figure. (Right side view of FIG. 10). B is a sectional view of S1-S1 of FIG. 10, C is a sectional view of S2-S2 of FIG. 10 and an enlarged view of a main part thereof, and D is a sectional view of S3-S3 of FIG. A front view for explaining a modification of the polygon processing tool of FIG. 10 and an enlarged view of a main part thereof. 10 is a diagram corresponding to an enlarged view of FIG. 13-C for explaining another example of the cutting edge positioning adjusting means including a positioning bolt and the like in another example of the polygon processing tool of FIGS. 10 to 13.

An embodiment (first embodiment) embodying the polygon processing tool of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. However, the machining tool 100 of this example includes a cutter body 101 forming an annular shape, three cutting inserts 201, three fixing bolts 301 provided for fixing each of the three inserts, and further. , Is composed of a positioning bolt 401 for adjusting the positioning of the cutting edge of the insert 201. The polygon processing tool 100 of this example has a structure in which three identical inserts 201 are provided in a rotationally symmetric (120 degree) arrangement on the front surface (see FIG. 1) 102 of the cutter main body 101. For this reason, each part of the cutter body 101 also exhibits a shape that is rotationally symmetric at 120 degrees when viewed from the front (see FIG. 3). Since the fixing bolt 301 and the positioning bolt 401 are the same in addition to the three cutting inserts 201 which are the main parts, the positioning and fixing structure of the insert 201 will be described based on one of them. However, in this example, as the positioning bolt 401, a head bolt (hereinafter, head bolt 401) is used.

The cutter body 101 is formed of an annular plate having a predetermined thickness. In this example, the outer peripheral surface 103 to the inner peripheral surface (annular center) of the annulus plate 101 at equal angles of 120 degrees from the center C1 of the annulus plate. A hole 107 is formed in a substantially radial direction as an accommodating portion of the insert 201 toward the inner surface (C1 side) 105. The holes 107 are formed in accordance with the shape and size of the cross section of the cutting insert 201, and in this example, the insert 201 having a cross section formed based on a circle is slid from the outer peripheral surface 103 side with a minute gap. A hole (a hole forming a columnar space) 107 having a circular cross section is provided so that it can be inserted into the space. Such a hole 107 does not have to penetrate toward the inner peripheral surface 105 of the cutter main body 101, but in this example, it is formed as a through hole that opens in the same cross section.

The center (inner peripheral surface 109) of the cutter body 101 is a mounting hole 109 with respect to the lathe sub-shaft (not shown), and the peripheral edge of the front 102 side (front of the paper surface in FIG. 1) of the mounting hole 109 is low. None, the seat surface (circular seat surface) 110 is formed when the nut is tightened at the time of mounting, and the above-mentioned hole 107 is opened in the circular inner peripheral surface 105 surrounding the seat surface 110. In this example, such a cutter body 101 is set to be attached to the auxiliary shaft by inserting and fitting the auxiliary shaft into the attachment hole 109 from the back surface 104 side and tightening a nut at the tip of the auxiliary shaft. There is. The back surface 104 of the cutter body 101 of this example is flat, and the front surface 102 is partially cut out in a right triangle shape at equal angle intervals of 120 degrees on the outer peripheral surface 103 side as described below. The bottom surface 113 of the notch portion 112 is a flat surface and has a low position, and the portion excluding the notch portion 112 forms a thick portion that rises relative to the bottom surface 113, and the hole 107 is this thick portion. Is formed in.

Then, in this example, of the wall surface 115 rising from the bottom surface (flat surface) 113 of the notch portion 112 having this thick portion and forming a relatively thin wall, the rotation direction of the cutter body 101 (the arc in FIG. 1). Since the fixing bolt (hexagon socket set screw in this example) 301 is screwed into the surface facing A1) toward the inside of the hole 107, when the cutter body 101 is viewed from the front 102, the shaft of the hole 107 A first screw hole 121 is formed through the hole 121 in a direction substantially at a right angle to the screw hole 121, and a predetermined fixing bolt 301 (set screw) is screwed into the first screw hole 121. That is, in this first screw hole 121, in this example, the insert 201 arranged in the hole 107 has a surface 208 of the base portion (shank) 203 that faces the same direction as the rake surface 207 that constitutes the cutting edge 205. , It is formed so as to be pressed and fixed by the tip of the fixing bolt 301 to be screwed. Since it is sufficient that the insert 201 can be fixed to the first screw hole 121, the position and orientation provided in the cutter main body 101 may be appropriately set. Therefore, the base portion on the rake face 207 and the opposite surface (bottom surface) 209. It may be provided so as to press 203. In this example, such a first screw hole 121 is provided so as to press one of the intermediate portions in the longitudinal direction of the insert 201, but the length of the insert 201 (dimension between end faces). Or, depending on the required fixing force, two or more locations may be provided in the length direction thereof.

On the other hand, the insert 201 used in the polygon processing tool 100 of this example is cut at both ends of a rod-shaped base 203 (shank) having a circular cross section and a rod shape, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 to 7, and the like. It is said to have a blade 205 (2-corner type), and the total length between the cutting blades 205 at both ends is such that when this is placed and fixed in the hole 107 of the cutter body 101, one cutting edge 205 The length is such that an appropriate amount protrudes from the outer peripheral surface 103. However, the rake face 207 constituting each cutting edge 205 may be provided on the surfaces opposite to each other in the base portion 203, but in this example, the rake face 207 is provided in the same direction surface in the base portion 203, and therefore, both ends. The cutting edge 205 is set to 0 degrees for both the front cutting edge angle and the left and right lateral cutting edge angles so that it can correspond to each of the front grinding and the back grinding. The surface 208 facing the same direction as the rake surface 207 in the base portion 203 is cut with a split circular cross section to form a flat surface, and is used as a pressure receiving surface at the tip (tightening force) of the fixing bolt 301 described above. In this example, the fixing is set to prevent the insert 201 from rotating in the hole 107 in its cross section (circle). The rake faces 207 at both ends are lower than this plane (same direction plane 208), and both sides of the rake face 207 form lateral flanks 211 cut (cut) in a plane, and each cutting edge An appropriate clearance angle is provided on the end surface 213 forming the front escape surface of both 205 and the lateral escape surfaces 211 on both sides.

Then, in the state where the insert 201 is arranged and fixed in the hole 107 which is the accommodating portion, a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface in the vicinity of the end surface 213 of the insert 201 located on the center C1 side of the cutter main body 101 is cutter. When the insert 201 is pressed from the front surface 102 side of the main body 101, the insert 201 slides in the hole 107 and is pushed out from the outer peripheral surface 103 in the direction of protrusion. The attachment surface 225 is formed. The inclined pressing surface 225 is located in the pressing direction from the front 102 side toward the end surface 213 side of the insert 201, which is arranged and fixed in the hole 107, located on the center C1 side of the cutter body 101. An inclined surface (rear end of the insert 201) that is located in the back and is formed so that the extrusion can be obtained by pressing the head 403 of the head bolt 401 described below by screwing the head. It may be an inclined surface). However, as shown in FIG. 7, the inclined pressing surface 225 of this example is formed by pressing the insert 201 on the side of the lateral relief surface 211 on the bottom surface 209 near the end surface 213 of the insert 201. It is formed in a flat surface in a cut shape so that a force F pushed in the direction of inclination acts on both the upper side of the drawing (the rake surface 207 side) and the right side of the drawing (the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body) (enlarged in FIG. 1). See figure). As a result, the insert 201 is set to be pushed out to the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter main body 101 in the hole 107 by the component force F2 of one of the two component forces F1 and F2 of the force F.

That is, the inclined pressing surface 225 of this example is the other end surface (FIG. 1) in the vicinity of the left end surface 213 of FIG. 1 when the insert 201 fixed to the cutter main body 101 is viewed from the front 102 side. The closer to the end face (the left end face of FIG. 1) 213 from the right end face of No. 1, the wider the cut width and the deeper the cut is (see FIGS. 1, 7, etc.). .. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the inclination angles α in the cross section and the like (D, E, F) are substantially the same regardless of the position, and the closer to the end face 213, the larger the cut on the bottom surface 209. It is formed like this. Since the insert 201 in this example is a two-corner type having two cutting edges 205 having rake faces 207 on the same facing surfaces at both ends, an inclined pressing surface provided in the vicinity of each end surface 213 thereof. The 225 is formed so as to be rotationally symmetric when the insert 201 is viewed from the bottom surface 209 (see FIG. 7).

On the other hand, the insert 201 is arranged and fixed in the above-mentioned hole 107, and the rake surface is near the portion of the cutter body 101 (inside the hole 107) where the inclined pressing surface 225 is located. A second screw hole 131 is provided from the front side 102 to the back side 104 of the cutter main body 101 at a position on the opposite side of the 207 from the hole 107. However, the second screw hole 131 is where the head bolt 401 is screwed from the front 102 side of the cutter body 101. Then, the head 403 is brought into contact with the above-mentioned inclined pressing surface 225 of the insert 201 which is arranged and fixed in the hole 107 by the screwing, and the protruding amount of the cutting edge 205 of the cutting insert 201, that is, , In order to position the insert 201 back and forth in the hole 107, the predetermined depth (up to the intermediate portion of the thickness of the cutter body 101) from the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101 is larger than the outer diameter of the head 403. It has a large-diameter hole portion 117 drilled in, and the large-diameter hole portion 117 intersects with the hole 107, and the spaces of both are connected. As a result, the second screw hole 131 is formed so as to penetrate from the center of the bottom surface 119 of the large-diameter hole portion 117 toward the back surface 104 of the cutter main body 101. Therefore, in this example, the head 403 of the bolt 401 with a head is housed in a sinking method in which the head 403 sinks into the large-diameter hole 117, and the head 403 is accommodated in the hole 107 by adjusting the screwing. It is formed so as to determine the position of the cutting edge 205 in the cutting edge 205 in the insert 201 which is exposed to the insert 201 and which comes into contact with or is pressed against the inclined pressing surface 225 and is arranged and fixed in the hole 107. ing.

The head bolt 401 is screwed into the second screw hole 131 by an appropriate amount from the front 102 side of the cutter main body 101 by a sinking method. As the head bolt 401, an appropriate one such as a normal hexagon socket head cap bolt (cap bolt) can be used, but in this example, a Torx (registered trademark) countersunk head bolt is used. Therefore, the corner formed by the outer peripheral surface 405 of the head portion 403 and the tip surface (tapered surface) 407 thereof is set to come into contact with the inclined pressing surface 225 (see FIGS. 4 to 6). In this example, the inclined pressing surface 225 is pressed by its head 403 to advance the cutting insert 201 itself from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101 in the protruding direction of the cutting edge 205. Is configured to be obtained. When screwing the bolt 401 with a head, although it depends on the screwing force (torque) and the friction between the inner peripheral surface 105 of the hole 107 and the insert 201, the pressing of the inclined pressing surface 225 by the head 403 is performed. In addition, the angle of inclination of the insert 201 may be set so that the advance of the insert 201 can be obtained. However, even if the advance cannot be obtained due to friction or the like, the retreat of the insert 201 may only be stopped.

Thus, one cutting edge 205 of each insert 201 inserted and arranged in the hole 107 is projected from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101, and the position of the cutting edge 206 (the dimension from the center C1 of the cutter body 101 to the cutting edge 206) is set. When adjusting, if you want to reduce the amount of protrusion of the cutting edge 205, release the tightening of the fixing bolt 301, and retract (screw) it so as to reduce the amount of screwing of the head bolt 401. The insert 201 may be pushed deep into the hole 107 so that the head portion 403 comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface 225 at a predetermined position, and then the fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. On the contrary, when it is desired to increase the protrusion amount of the cutting edge 205, loosen the fixing bolt 301 and increase the screwing of the head bolt 401 so that the screwing amount of the head bolt 401 is increased (if necessary). (Screw), when the predetermined protrusion amount is reached, the fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. At this time, if the insert 201 cannot be advanced by the component force due to the screwing of the head bolt 401, the position of the cutting edge 206 is adjusted while applying a force to pull out the insert 201 from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101. After deciding, the fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. The second screw hole 131 may be formed from the back surface 104 of the cutter body 101, but in this example, since the second screw hole 131 is formed from the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101, the screwing operation of the fixing bolt 301 is simplified. Can be done.

As described above, in this example, as a mechanism for fixing the insert 201 to the accommodating portion (vacancy 107) of the cutter body 101 and adjusting the position of the cutting edge 206, the cutter body 101 has two types of screw holes (first type). While it is necessary to provide the screw hole 121 and the second screw hole 131), only two types of bolts (fixing bolt 301 and positioning bolt (headed bolt) 401) are required as separate parts. Unlike the conventional polygon processing tool 100, it does not require a wedge piece (wedge) for fixing or a locator for positioning. Therefore, since the diameter of the cutter body 101 can be reduced by saving space, the blade diameter (blade edge 206 position) can be adjusted even in the small diameter polygon processing tool 100 provided with a plurality of blades. .. Moreover, since the inclined pressing surface 225 is formed not on the end surface 213 of the insert 201 but on the peripheral surface, the second screw hole 131 for screwing the head bolt 401 for pressing there is Since the insert 201 and the insert 201 are not arranged in tandem in the radial direction of the cutter body 101, the diameter of the cutter body 101 can be further reduced. As a result, high-precision polygon machining can be realized even in the polygon machining tool 100, which requires the use of the cutter body 101 having a small diameter, such as a small lathe.

Further, in this example, since the accommodating portion is a hole 107 formed in a perforated shape from the outer peripheral surface 103 to the inner peripheral surface 105 of the cutter main body 101, stable fixing of the insert 201 can be obtained. Further, in this example, since the hole 107 has a circular cross section, the cross section of the insert 201 (base 203) is also based on a circular shape, but these are, for example, square or rectangular. It can also be a polygon such as. By doing so, the rotation of the insert 201 in the hole 107 can be prevented, so that the orientation of the cutting edge 205 can be easily adjusted.

Then, in the machining tool 100 of this example, a hole 107 forming an accommodating portion in the cutter main body 101 is drilled from the outer peripheral surface 103 thereof, and a bottomed bottom is formed at the back (on the inner peripheral surface 105 side of the cutter main body 101). Since the hole is not a hole 107 but a through hole that opens on the inner peripheral surface 105, the insert 201 can be inserted and placed deeply on the center C1 side of the cutter body 101 because the bottom (bottom wall) is not provided. As a result, when the insert 201 having the same total length (length between ends) is used, the outer diameter of the cutter body 101 can be further reduced. Further, in this example, since the insert 201 having the cutting edge 205 at both ends is used, the cost of the tool can be reduced, but the cutting edge 205 is provided only at one end to shorten the total length. If this is the case, the diameter of the cutter main body 101 and, by extension, the polygon processing tool 100 can be further reduced.

In this example, the inclined pressing surface 225 is located at the end or near the end of the insert 201 located on the annular center C1 side of the cutter body 101 in the insert 201 in a state where the cutting insert 201 itself is arranged at the accommodating portion (vacancy 107). Although it is formed at the site, the inclined pressing surface 225 only needs to be able to position and adjust the cutting edge 205 of the insert 201 by screwing the head bolt 401 into the second screw hole 131. If it corresponds to a position where the second screw hole 131 can be formed in the cutter main body 101, it may be provided at an intermediate portion between both ends of the insert 201. However, when it is provided in such an intermediate portion, it is constricted in the intermediate portion of the insert 201 or has a small diameter portion, which causes a decrease in the strength of the insert due to stress concentration and complicates the shape. When it is provided at a portion near the end as described above, there is no such problem, and the formation of the inclined pressing surface 225 itself and the manufacture and processing of the insert 201 itself become easy.

In the above example (example of the first embodiment), a bolt with a head 401 is used as a positioning bolt constituting the positioning adjusting means of the cutting edge 206, and the head 403 is screwed into the second screw hole 131. Although it was assumed that the insert 201 was in contact (or pressure-welded) with the inclined pressing surface 225, the positioning bolt had, for example, a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) without a head, as in another example shown in FIG. ) 421 may be used, and its tip 427 may come into contact with the inclined pressing surface 225. That is, in another example shown in FIG. 8, instead of the screw hole 131 in FIG. 5, the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101 is directed toward the back surface 104 at a portion corresponding to the inclined pressing surface 225 of the insert 201. A second screw hole 141 for screwing the hexagon socket set screw 421 is provided, for example, in a through shape, and the hexagon socket set screw 421 is screwed into the second screw hole 141, and the head bolt in the above example. Instead of the corner formed by the outer peripheral surface 405 of the head 403 of 401 and its tip surface (tapered surface) 407, the one-sided portion (corner between the tip surface and the outer peripheral surface) of the tip 427 of the hexagon socket set screw 421 or The portion near the tip) may be in contact with the inclined pressing surface 225. That is, by adjusting the amount of screwing of the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 into the second screw hole 141, the position where the tip 427 or the portion near the tip comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface 225 is changed. , The position of the cutting edge 206 can be adjusted. It should be noted that such a screw hole 141 may be a screw hole having a predetermined depth as long as the required screwing amount can be secured.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the inclined pressing surface 225 is in the screwing direction of the positioning bolt in the above example, the end surface of the insert 202 is located near the bottom surface 209 of the lateral relief surface 211. It may be set as an inclined surface having a one-sided slope toward 213. The cutting insert 202 itself is pressed by a predetermined portion at or near the head 403 of the head bolt 401, or the tip 427 of, for example, a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 without a head as described above. This is because it suffices if the component force to move forward can be obtained. The insert 202 of FIG. 9 is illustrated in the case where the cross section of the base 203 as described below is square. Further, when such an inclined pressing surface 225 is used, it can be provided not only at a portion near the end surface thereof but also at an intermediate portion at both ends.

Next, another example of the polygon processing tool 500 that embodies the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13. However, the hole 107 having a circular cross section is formed so that the accommodating portion of the insert 202 in the cutter body 101 in the above example (example of the first embodiment) penetrates from the outer peripheral surface 103 toward the inner peripheral surface 105. While the insert 202 was based on a round bar inserted into the hole 107 in an interpolated state, in this other example (hereinafter referred to as this example), the accommodating portion is the cutter body 101. It is also opened in the front surface 102 and extends in a substantially radial direction by a concave groove 108 having a rectangular cross section, and the insert 202 is based on a square bar material in which the insert 202 is internally fitted in the concave groove 108. The only difference is that. Therefore, the differences and the actions and effects based on the differences will be mainly described below, and the same parts as those in the above example are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in the figure, in this example, the accommodation portion is opened at the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101, and a cross section (groove width, depth) that opens both ends of itself between the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 thereof. Has a constant rectangular groove 108. However, the groove bottom 108b of the concave groove 108 is set to the same level as the seat surface (circular seat surface) 110 when the nut is tightened on the front 102 side of the mounting hole 109 with respect to the lathe sub-shaft in the cutter main body 101. On the other hand, the insert 202 is based on a bar having a square (rectangular) cross section that can be fitted into the concave groove 108 with a minute gap, and has a cross section of both the base (shank) 203 including the cutting edges 205 at both ends. Is different in that is square, but like the insert 201 in the above example, the cutting edges 205 are provided at both left and right ends, the rake face 207 is lower than the base 203, and both sides of the rake face 207 (horizontal cutting edge 205). Has a lateral flank 211 cut (cut) in a flat surface. Such an insert 202 can slide between the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter main body 101 when it is arranged in the concave groove 108 in an inwardly fitted state.

In this example, the screwing structure of the first screw hole 121 and the fixing bolt 301 is the same as the above example, but is a positioning bolt screwed into the second screw hole 131 based on the shape of the insert 202. The inclined pressing surface 225 pressed by the head bolt 401 is also formed in the same manner except that the cross section of the insert 202 is rectangular. On the other hand, the second screw hole 131 is also formed in the same manner as in the above example, but has a head because the accommodating portion of the insert 202 in this example is a concave groove 108 that opens in the front 102 of the cutter body 101. The large-diameter hole portion 117 for sinking the head portion 403 of the bolt 401 is provided so as to cut into the groove wall 108w of the concave groove 108. As a result, the insert 202 arranged in the concave groove 108 can be visually recognized on the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101, and the insert 202 is pressed by the fixing bolt 301 and into the second screw hole 131 of the headed bolt 401. It is also visible that the head 403 of the screwing of the head 403 presses the inclined pressing surface 225.

In such a polygon processing tool 500 of this example, the insert 202 is arranged in the accommodating portion from the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101 based on the structure of the accommodating portion of the insert 202 in the cutter main body 101 (concave groove 108 structure). Therefore, it is easy to put on and take off. The orientation of the rake face 207 of the insert 202 is determined by the arrangement thereof. Further, as described above, in the pressed state of the insert 202 by the insert 202 and the fixing bolt 301 and the screwing of the head bolt 401 into the second screw hole 131, the head 403 is inclined. Since the pressing surface 225 is also visible to the operator, the adjustment work of the position of the cutting edge 206 can be simplified.

Including this example and the above-mentioned example (FIG. 1) in which the insert 202 is inserted into the hole 107 and arranged, the portion where the second screw hole 131 for screwing the head-mounted bolt 401 is formed. On the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101, the inclined pressing surface 225 is larger than the large-diameter hole portion 117 so that it can be more easily seen from the outside. For example, the notched portion 118 as shown in FIG. A second screw hole 131 may be formed on the bottom surface thereof.

Further, even in the structure of the accommodating portion 108 of the insert 202 in the cutter main body 101 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, that is, the structure of the concave groove structure in which the accommodating portion 108 opens to the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101, the positioning bolt can be used. Instead of the headed bolt 401, for example, a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 without a head similar to that shown in FIG. 8 is used, and an inclined presser foot is pressed at or near the tip 427. The surface 225 may be pressed down. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, for example, the head 403 of the head bolt 401 is concentric with the second screw hole 131 provided in the cutter body 101 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 and has an outer diameter. A second screw hole 141 into which a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 to be (screw diameter) can be screwed is provided, and the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 is screwed into the second screw hole 141, and one of its tips 427. The side portion may be in contact with the inclined pressing surface 225. As shown in FIG. 15, when the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 is screwed from the front 102 side of the cutter body 101, the screw hole 141 partially forms the groove wall 108w of the concave groove 108. Since it is a notch shape and has an endped screw hole in which some screws are missing in the circumferential direction, it is in a screwed state where some screws are not applied. Therefore, in the screwing structure shown in FIG. 15, the screw hole 141 is set to cut the groove wall 108w within a range that does not interfere with the screwing. When the accommodating portion 108 of the insert 202 has a concave groove structure and a bolt without a head is used as a positioning bolt in this way, it is screwed from the back surface 104 side of the cutter body 101. It is preferable that the inclined pressing surface 225 of the insert 202 faces the groove bottom 108b of the concave groove 108 so that the insert can be positioned. This is because the second screw hole 141 can eliminate the chipping of the screw in the circumferential direction.

The shape and structure of the cutter body forming the polygon processing tool of the present invention are not limited to those in the above example, but the number of inserts to be fixed, the structure of the accommodation portion thereof, and the first screw hole. It can be embodied by appropriately changing the position of forming the second screw hole, the direction of drilling, and the like. Further, the insert can be embodied by having an appropriate cutting edge according to the processing form, and the cross-sectional shape thereof including the base can be variously changed and embodied, and a predetermined portion to be provided with the inclined pressing surface. , And its tilted state can also be embodied as various things. As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and can be modified and embodied as appropriate without departing from the gist thereof.

100,500 Polygon processing tool 101 Cutter body 102 Front of cutter body 103 Outer surface of cutter body 105 Inner peripheral surface of cutter body 107 Vacancy (accommodation part)
108 concave groove (accommodation site)
121 First screw holes 131, 141 Second screw holes 201, 202 Cutting insert 203 Base 205 Cutting edge 206 Cutting edge 207 Insert rake face 209 Insert bottom surface (opposite side of rake face)
213 End face 225 Inclined pressing surface 301 Fixing bolt 401 Head bolt (positioning bolt)
403 Head bolt head 421 Hexagon socket head set screw (positioning bolt)
427 Hexagon socket head set screw (positioning bolt) tip C1 Cutter body annular center F2 component force

Claims (8)

An annular cutter body and one or more cutting inserts are included, the cutting inserts are arranged in an accommodating portion provided in the cutter body, and the cutting edge is projected and fixed from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body. It is a polygon processing tool having a means for positioning and adjusting the cutting edge of the cutting edge.
The cutting insert is assumed to have a cutting edge at at least one end of a rod-shaped base, and the accommodating portion of the cutter body guides the cutting insert through the base of the cutting insert with its inner surface as a guide. It is formed so that it can slide back and forth with the protruding direction as the front.
The cutting insert arranged at the accommodating portion has a structure of being fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body.
Moreover, the cutting insert is placed in the predetermined portion so as to obtain a component force for advancing the cutting insert itself when a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface other than the end surface thereof is pressed in the state of being arranged in the accommodation portion. The cutter body is provided with an inclined pressing surface, and a positioning bolt is screwed into a second screw hole provided in the cutter body, and the positioning bolt is inclined by adjusting the screwing amount. A tool for polygon processing, comprising the positioning adjusting means capable of adjusting the position of the cutting edge by changing the contact position on the shape pressing surface. The positioning bolt is a bolt with a head, and the bolt with a head is screwed in, and the cutting edge is changed by changing the position where the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, further comprising the positioning adjusting means capable of adjusting the position of. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the accommodating portion is a hole perforated from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body. The one according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the accommodating portion is formed so as to open on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body and penetrate between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. Polygon processing tool. The inclined pressing surface is formed at a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface of the insert, which is located on the annular center side of the cutter body, in a state where the cutting insert is arranged at the accommodating portion. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutting insert has cutting edges at both ends of the base portion. The polygon processing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second screw hole is provided so that the positioning bolt can be screwed from the front surface of the cutter body. tool. The cutting insert is fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body by pressing a rake surface constituting the cutting edge or a surface in the same direction as the opposite side surface. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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