JP2018140482A - Polygon processing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A polygon machining tool is provided in which the diameter of a cutter body is reduced without impairing the positioning adjustment function of the cutting edge. A cutting edge (205) protrudes from an outer peripheral surface (103) of a cutter body (101) and fixed, and the cutting insert (201) is accommodated in a hole (107) of the body (101). The insert 201 is configured to be fixed by a fixing bolt 301 screwed into the first screw hole 121 so as to be slidable forward and backward with the direction of projection of the cutting edge 205 being forward. When the insert 201 is placed in the hole 107, a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface of the main body excluding the end face 213 on the side of the center C1 is pressed down so that a force component for advancing the insert 201 can be obtained at the predetermined portion. A pressed surface 225 is provided. A bolt 401 with a head is screwed into the second screw hole 131, and the position at which the head 403 comes into contact with the inclined surface 225 is changed by adjusting the amount of screwing. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a polygon processing tool, and more specifically, a polygon processing tool used to rotate a work material such as a circular shaft member around its axis and to process an outer peripheral surface into a polygon (polygon processing). About.

  In the polygon processing, when the outer peripheral surface of a work material such as a circular shaft member is processed into a desired polygon, the outer peripheral surface (annular outer peripheral surface) of the cutter body is usually set to the number of corners of the polygon. A polygon processing tool (hereinafter referred to as a processing tool, which is constituted by arranging and fixing half of the number (3 for hexagonal, 2 for square) cutting inserts (cutting edges) at equal intervals. Or, simply referred to as a tool) (Patent Document 1). In this processing, the work material fixed to the main spindle (spindle) of the lathe is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed (number of rotations per unit time. Rpm), and another rotation axis (hereinafter referred to as the rotation axis) arranged in parallel with the rotation axis. The processing tool attached to the “secondary shaft” is set to obtain a predetermined cutting depth (width across flats) in the work material, and the work material rotation speed is 2 in the same rotation direction as the work material. While rotating at twice the rotational speed, the workpiece is laterally moved relative to the workpiece (feeding in the direction in which the rotation axis extends (axial direction parallel to the rotation axis)), and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is This is a process for obtaining a desired polygon by intermittent cutting, and is a kind of turning process. In addition, for example, when it is desired to chamfer the opposing outer peripheral surfaces of the work material (circular shaft member), a processing tool to which one cutting insert (cutting edge) is attached is used.

  Polygon processing by such polygon processing is based on the rotational processing method, but a high-precision plane of the part forming the side of the polygon cannot be obtained, but a wrench such as a bolt head or a driver bit is used. In practice, it has been widely used for polygonal machining of shaft members that do not have high accuracy even if they are not highly accurate. Recently, automatic lathes (NC automatic lathes, CNC automatic lathes, etc., hereinafter referred to as lathes) In particular, high-precision machining has been achieved, including increasing the cutter body (blade diameter) relative to the diameter of the work material. On the other hand, a machining tool used for such polygon machining is an annular cutter body that is externally fitted to a countershaft of a lathe and is fixed to (clamped to) an annular cutter body. It is composed of a cutting insert or the like provided with a cutting edge corresponding to a square processing form (front grinding, post-grinding, etc.). Such a machining tool has a cutting insert (hereinafter also referred to as an insert) on the front surface of the cutter body (a surface (annular surface) facing the traveling direction (cutting direction) in relative transverse feed of the machining tool). Adjust the position of the cutting edge that protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body together with the fixing means (fixing mechanism) of the cutting insert that opens a housing part such as a recess to fix the body to the outer peripheral surface of the main body. It is common to have a configuration with a mechanism for

  Here, the adjustment of the position of the cutting edge (cutting edge) is because the outer diameter drawn by the cutting edge when the processing tool rotates affects the processing accuracy of the opposite side dimension of the polygon to be processed. Along with the setting of the vertical feed amount (cutting amount) for the workpiece (spindle) of the shaft), it is important. In the polygon machining, as described above, for example, when machining the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member, which is a work material, into a regular hexagon, three inserts (A, B, C) are usually arranged at intervals of 120 degrees. Then, it is fixed to the cutter body, and the cutting edge is projected from its outer peripheral surface and clamped. Then, a machining tool adjusted to the hexagonal opposite side dimension to be machined and adjusted so that the cutting edge of each cutting insert is located at the same position is attached to the countershaft, and this is vertically fed to the main spindle by a predetermined amount. The tool is rotated in the same direction at a rotation speed twice that of the rotation speed of the material, and the tool is relatively laterally fed. In this case, the processing of the six sides forming the hexagon is performed by three inserts (cutting blades) A, B, C, A, B, C and around the outer peripheral surface (around the outer periphery of the hexagon). , A, B, C in order. As a result, each opposite side relationship in the opposite position is the cutting with the same cutting edge (for example, inserts A and A), while processing of other sides that are not in the opposite side relationship is different from each other ( Inserts B and C) are each responsible for cutting. For this reason, if there is an error in the dimension (distance) from the rotation center of the cutter body (secondary shaft) to the cutting edge of the three cutting inserts, the error becomes an error in processing accuracy of each opposite side dimension. When processing accuracy in units is required, the cutting edge (cutting edge) position of each cutting insert needs to be adjusted in units of 0.1 mm, depending on the required accuracy, but a small amount (for example, 0 The adjustment is required in units of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm).

  Thus, in polygon processing, prior to the processing, the position of the blade edge (the dimensional accuracy of the distance from the rotation center of the cutter main body (secondary shaft)) can be adjusted and held to a constant with a small error. Is important. On the other hand, in the conventional processing tool described above, the cutting insert is disposed in a pocket formed in the cutter body via a locator, and this locator is moved in the radial direction of the cutter body with an adjusting screw, The blade edge (cutting blade) position is adjusted. Then, the cutting insert is fixed by a fixing structure using a screw for pushing the wedge on the rake face side after such adjustment. As another known tool, there is also known a configuration in which a cutting insert is screwed to a locator, and this locator is finely adjusted by sliding with an adjusting screw in a pocket of a cutter body.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-147023

  As described above, the conventional polygon processing tool requires a member such as a locator or a wedge as a mechanism and configuration for adjusting the position of the cutting edge (cutting edge) including fixing the cutting insert. ing. For this reason, the cutter main body requires attachment of a member such as a locator and a wedge, and a housing part (space), and accordingly, the cutter main body is large and has a large diameter. Moreover, since each member such as a locator is required depending on the number of cutting inserts, the cutter body becomes larger in diameter as the number of polygonal processing tools (multi-blade tools) increases. .

  On the other hand, in polygon machining of a shaft member with a relatively small diameter work material, a lathe with a small one (hereinafter referred to as a small lathe) is used. In such a small lathe, it is attached to the countershaft and rotated. The “swing amount” of the machining tool, that is, the maximum outer diameter of the machining tool that can be used is smaller than that of a large lathe. As described above, the outer diameter of the tool for polygon processing (outer diameter of the cutter body) that can be used or applied to the auxiliary shaft of the small lathe is naturally limited. For example, the outer diameter of the cutter body used in many small CNC lathes is limited to about φ60 mm. In consideration of the existence of the mounting hole in the secondary shaft, the outer diameter cutter body can secure only a space of about 20 mm in radius. Therefore, as described above, a wedge is required for fixing, and the locator and its movement are removed. It is not easy to apply a mechanism for adjusting the cutting edge by using an adjusting screw. In particular, when there are a plurality of cutting inserts to be fixed, it is difficult to obtain a small-diameter polygon processing tool while ensuring a mechanism for adjusting the position (blade diameter) of the cutting edge. As a result, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform high-precision machining with a small-diameter polygon machining tool.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a polygon processing tool capable of meeting the demands for reducing the diameter of the cutter body and increasing the number of blades without impairing the positioning adjustment function of the cutting edge of the cutting insert. The purpose is to do.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a cutter body having an annular shape and one or a plurality of cutting inserts, the cutting insert being disposed at a receiving portion provided in the cutter body, and an outer periphery of the cutter body. A polygonal processing tool having a cutting edge protruding from a surface and being fixed, and having a positioning adjusting means for the cutting edge of the cutting edge,
The cutting insert has a cutting edge at at least one end of a base portion having a rod shape, and the storage portion of the cutter body has the inner surface as a guide, and the cutting insert is inserted into the cutting blade through the base. It is formed to slide forward and backward with the protruding direction as the front,
The cutting insert disposed in the accommodating portion has a configuration that is fixed by a fixing bolt that is screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body,
Moreover, when the cutting insert is placed in the receiving portion, the predetermined portion of the peripheral surface excluding the end surface is pressed against the predetermined portion so that a component force can be obtained to advance the cutting insert itself. An inclined pressing surface is provided, and a positioning bolt is screwed into a second screw hole provided in the cutter body, and the positioning bolt is inclined by adjusting the screwing amount. The positioning adjusting means is configured to be capable of adjusting the position of the blade edge by changing the position of contact on the pressing surface.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the positioning bolt is a head-attached bolt, and the head-attached bolt is screwed, and the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount. 2. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, further comprising the positioning adjustment unit that adjusts a position of the blade edge by changing a position to be changed.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first and second aspects, the accommodating portion is a hole that is perforated from an outer peripheral surface of the cutter body toward an inner peripheral surface. The tool for polygon processing described.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the accommodating portion is formed so as to open on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body and to penetrate between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. It is a polygon processing tool of any one of -3.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the inclined pressed surface is a peripheral surface located on the annular center side of the cutter body, of the insert, in a state where the cutting insert is disposed in the accommodating portion. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tool is formed at a predetermined portion.
The invention according to claim 6 is the polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutting insert has cutting edges at both ends of the base. .

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the second screw hole is provided so that the positioning bolt can be screwed in from the front of the cutter body. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the cutting insert is fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is pressed.

  In the invention according to claim 1, based on the above configuration, only the fixing bolt (fixing male screw member) and the positioning bolt (positioning male screw member) are used for fixing and positioning of the insert, and the locator, wedge Compared to a conventional polygon processing tool that requires a piece (wedge), the number of parts is small. For this reason, the cutter body does not require a space for accommodating a locator or the like, and the positioning adjustment of the insert is performed by pressing the inclined pressing surface provided in the insert by screwing a positioning bolt. The diameter of the cutter body can be reduced. The pressing of the inclined pressing surface by the positioning bolt may be performed by a tip of the positioning bolt, but as described in claim 2, the positioning bolt is a bolt with a head, and the head It is assumed that there is provided a positioning adjusting means for adjusting the position of the blade edge by changing the position where the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount of the attached bolt. Is good. Such a bolt with a head is a bolt (male thread member) having a head having an outer diameter (usually a circular outer diameter) that is appropriately larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft, and the head has a countersunk shape or the like. In addition, a hexagon socket head cap screw is illustrated. However, if the positioning bolt is an all screw bolt without a head (for example, a hexagon socket set screw), as described above, the inclined pressing surface may be pressed at its tip.

  In the present invention, since the inclined pressing surface is formed not on the end surface of the insert but on the peripheral surface, the second screw hole for screwing a positioning bolt for pressing the pressing surface is formed by a cutter body ( In the radial direction of the annular portion), it is not arranged in tandem with the insert, and accordingly the diameter of the cutter body can be further reduced. In other words, in the present invention, the positioning bolt used for adjusting the blade edge position is advanced to the insert on the end surface (the end surface located on the annular center side of the cutter body) opposite to the protruding side of the insert (rear side). Since it is set as the structure which provides the component force which advances to the insert in the surrounding surface of an insert instead of the structure which provides force, the diameter reduction in the radial direction of a cutter main body is achieved. As a result, it is possible to provide a small-diameter polygon processing tool while having a blade tip position (blade diameter) adjusting means. In addition, about the base part in an insert, what is necessary is just a moderate length which can be made to slide with the same body posture in the slide direction, and the thing shorter than the maximum diameter of a cross section is also contained.

  In the use of the polygon processing tool of the present invention, for example, in the cutter body attached to the countershaft of the lathe, the fixing bolt is loosened (retracted), and the insert is disposed in the accommodation part, For example, while confirming the position of the blade edge with a dial gauge, the blade edge is adjusted to a desired position (blade diameter position), and at that position, if the positioning bolt is a bolt with a head, for example, the head The fixing bolt may be screwed in such a way as to abut the inclined pressing surface, and the cutting insert may be fixed. If the positioning bolt is a full screw bolt, for example, the tip of the bolt will contact the inclined pressing surface. A cutting bolt may be fixed by screwing a fixing bolt so as to be in contact. Therefore, such adjustment and fixing of the cutting edge position may be performed for each of the cutting inserts.

  Note that the inclined pressed surface is pressed by a positioning bolt so that the cutting insert itself can have a component force that can be advanced from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body in the protruding direction of the cutting blade, such as friction. Therefore, depending on the screwing torque, the advance may not be obtained. Depending on the screwing force, even if it cannot be advanced due to the inclination angle of the pressed surface, the friction between the receiving portion and the insert, etc., it is only necessary to adjust and position the insert. It should be noted that the inclined pressed surface is pressed by the positioning bolt (the head or tip) on the peripheral surface of the insert (the outer peripheral surface of the rod-shaped portion), so that a component force for advancing the insert can be obtained. Any inclined surface may be used as long as it faces the formed rear side (annular center of the cutter body).

  Since the present invention is a polygon processing tool, when there are a plurality of cutting inserts provided in the cutter body, when the cutter body is viewed from the front, the center of the inner peripheral surface is usually , Are arranged at equiangular intervals (for example, in the case of hexagonal machining, an interval of 120 degrees). And the accommodation site | part should just be formed so that the cutting insert fixed may be slidable in the protrusion direction of the cutting blade. Therefore, the accommodating part may be a concave groove that is depressed on the front surface (annular surface) of the cutter body and extends from the inner peripheral surface toward the outer peripheral surface. On the other hand, when emphasizing the prevention of falling-off of the cutting insert and the stability of fixing, the accommodation part is an empty hole drilled from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body toward the inner peripheral surface as described in claim 3. It should be a hole.

  In addition, when it is set as a ditch | groove or a hole, the cross section cut | disconnects a cutting insert using the inner surface as a guide according to the shape and magnitude | size of the cross section (cross section perpendicular | vertical to a slide direction) of the cutting insert arrange | positioned. It only needs to be slidable in the protruding direction of the blade. If the cross-section of the insert is rectangular (the cross-section is square, rectangular, etc.), the corresponding rectangular groove or hole may be used, and if the insert has a circular cross-section, What is necessary is just to make it the concave groove of a cross section according to it, or a void | hole. If it is a circular hole, the process and formation are easy, and if it is a rectangular hole, the merit that an insert can be prevented from rotating around the peripheral surface in a concave groove is acquired.

  Even if the housing portion is a concave groove or a hole, it does not have to open (penetrate) in the inner peripheral surface of the cutter body, but the cutter body as in the invention according to claim 4. It is good to form as it opens in the internal peripheral surface of (annular part), and penetrates between this internal peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface. This is because there is no bottom (bottom) at the back (inner peripheral surface side of the cutter body) of the hole (or concave groove) when passing through the inner peripheral surface in this way. This is because when the insert having the same length between both end faces is used, the radial dimension of the cutter body can be further reduced (downsized).

  Further, in the present invention, the inclined pressed surface is screwed into the second screw hole of the positioning bolt, and if it is a bolt with a head, the head is contacted (or pressed) by the head. If there is no bolt, contact with the tip (or pressure contact) will stop the retreat of the insert (positioning in the slide direction), or the amount of advancement generated by pressing with the contact (or pressure contact) It only needs to be able to advance by force. For this reason, although there is no restriction | limiting of the position which provides the said inclined pressing surface in an insert, like the invention of Claim 5, it is good to form in the end of the said base part, or an end side part. By doing so, the shape of the cutting insert itself, the size and structure of the structure can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. For the same reason, the inclined pressed surface is preferably a flat surface, but may be a curved surface that is moderately convex or concave. Since the insert used in the present invention has a cutting edge at one end of the base portion having a rod shape, the overall length can be shortened, and therefore the request for reducing the diameter of the cutter body can be greatly met. However, in order to reduce the cost, it is preferable to provide cutting edges at both ends as in the invention described in claim 6.

  The second screw hole may be capable of screwing the positioning bolt from the back surface of the cutter body. However, as in the invention according to claim 7, the screw hole can be screwed from the front surface of the cutter body. It is preferable to provide it because the screwing operation becomes easy. Further, since the position of the first screw hole only needs to be able to press the insert with the fixing bolt, there is no restriction on the position and the drilling direction, but as in the invention according to claim 8, The fixing of the insert by the fixing bolt screwed into the first screw hole provided in the cutter body is provided so that the rake face constituting the cutting edge or the opposite side face (bottom face) can be pressed in the same direction. Is good. In the present invention, the number of fixing bolts (one or more), the screw diameter, etc. are set so that stable fixing is obtained according to the cutting insert length and other dimensions and cutting conditions such as cutting resistance. However, it is desirable to use one from the viewpoint of space saving in the radial direction of the cutter body.

The partially broken front view which looked at one Embodiment of the polygon processing tool based on this invention from the front, and the principal part enlarged view. FIG. 2 is a partially broken perspective view of the polygon processing tool of FIG. 1. The front view of the cutter main body which comprises the tool for polygon processing of FIG. 1 is a right side view of FIG. 1, B is a sectional view taken along line S1-S1 in FIG. 1, C is a sectional view taken along line S2-S2 in FIG. 1, and D is a sectional view taken along line S3-S3 in FIG. The enlarged view of C4 part of FIG. The enlarged view of D4 part of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the cutting insert which comprises the tool for polygon processing of Drawing 1 from each side, A is a figure (front view) which looked through the side relief side, and B is A from the rake side. Viewed, C is a view of A viewed from the bottom, D is an end view of A viewed from the front flank side, E is an A-E cross-sectional view of A, and F is a cross-sectional view of FF of A . Sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 5 explaining another example of the positioning adjustment means of a blade edge | tip containing a positioning bolt etc. FIG. It is a figure explaining another example of a cutting insert and an inclined pressing surface, A is a figure (front view) seen through a side relief surface, C is a figure which looked at A from the bottom, D is a figure The end view which looked at A from the front flank side, E is EE sectional drawing of A, F is FF sectional drawing of A. The partially broken front view which looked at another example of the tool for polygon processing based on this invention from the front, and the principal part enlarged view. FIG. 11 is a partially broken perspective view of the polygon processing tool of FIG. 10. The left figure (K) is a right side view (right side view of FIG. 10) of only the cutter body constituting the polygon machining tool of FIG. 10, and the right figure (A) is a cutting insert fixed to the cutter body of the left figure. Figure (right side view of FIG. 10). B is a cross-sectional view taken along line S1-S1 in FIG. 10, C is a cross-sectional view taken along line S2-S2 in FIG. 10 and an enlarged view of a main part thereof, and D is a cross-sectional view taken along line S3-S3 in FIG. The front view explaining the modification of the tool for polygon processing of FIG. 10, and its principal part enlarged view. The figure corresponding to the enlarged view of FIG. 13-C explaining another example of the positioning adjustment means of a blade edge | tip including the positioning bolt etc. in the other example of the polygon processing tool of FIGS.

  An embodiment (first embodiment) embodying the polygon machining tool of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. However, the machining tool 100 of the present example includes an annular cutter body 101, three cutting inserts 201, three fixing bolts 301 provided to fix each of the three inserts, The positioning bolt 401 for positioning adjustment of the blade edge of the insert 201 is configured. The polygon processing tool 100 of this example has a structure including three identical inserts 201 in a rotationally symmetrical (120 degrees) arrangement on the front surface (see FIG. 1) 102 of the cutter body 101. For this reason, each part of the cutter body 101 also has a rotationally symmetric shape of 120 degrees when viewed from the front (see FIG. 3). Since the fixing bolt 301 and the positioning bolt 401 are the same in addition to the three cutting inserts 201 as the main parts, the positioning and fixing structure of the insert 201 will be described based on that one location. However, in this example, the positioning bolt 401 uses a bolt with a head (hereinafter referred to as a bolt with a head 401).

  The cutter body 101 is formed of an annular plate having a predetermined thickness. In this example, the cutter body 101 is spaced from the outer peripheral surface 103 to the inner peripheral surface (annular center) at equal angular intervals of 120 degrees from the center C1 of the annular plate. A hole 107 is formed in the shape of a hole in the substantially radial direction as an accommodating portion of the insert 201 toward the inner surface 105 on the C1 side. The holes 107 are slid from the outer peripheral surface 103 side of the insert 201 formed in a cross-sectional shape with a small gap in accordance with the cross-sectional shape and size of the cutting insert 201 in this example. The cross section is a circular hole (a hole forming a cylindrical space) 107 so that it can be inserted into the hole 107. Such a hole 107 does not need to penetrate through to the inner peripheral surface 105 of the cutter body 101, but in this example, it is formed as a through hole that opens in the same cross section.

  Note that the center (inner peripheral surface 109) of the cutter body 101 is a mounting hole 109 for a lathe countershaft (not shown), and the peripheral edge of the mounting hole 109 on the front surface 102 side (front side in FIG. 1) is low. None, it forms a seating surface (circular seating surface) 110 for tightening the nut at the time of mounting, and the above-described air holes 107 are opened in a circular inner peripheral surface 105 surrounding the seating surface 110. In this example, such a cutter body 101 is set to be attached to the secondary shaft by inserting and fitting the secondary shaft into the mounting hole 109 from the back surface 104 side and tightening the nut at the distal end of the secondary shaft. Yes. The back surface 104 of the cutter body 101 in this example is a flat surface, and the front surface 102 is partially cut out into a right triangle shape at equal angular intervals of 120 degrees as described below. The bottom surface 113 of the notch portion 112 is flat and has a low level, and the portion other than the notch portion 112 forms a thick portion that protrudes relative to the bottom surface 113, and the air hole 107 has the thick portion. Is formed.

  In this example, the rotation direction of the cutter body 101 (the circular arc in FIG. 1) of the wall surface 115 that rises from the bottom surface (flat surface) 113 of the notch portion 112 that forms this thick portion and is relatively thin. A fixing bolt (in this example, a hexagon socket set screw) 301 is screwed into the surface facing the A1) toward the inside of the hole 107, so that when the cutter body 101 is viewed from the front 102, the axis of the hole 107 A first screw hole 121 is formed through and formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to each other, and a predetermined fixing bolt 301 (set screw) is screwed into the first screw hole 121. That is, in this example, the first screw hole 121 is formed so that the insert 201 disposed in the hole 107 has a surface 208 in the same direction as the rake face 207 constituting the cutting edge 205 of the base portion (shank) 203. It is formed so as to be pressed and fixed at the tip of the fixing bolt 301 to be screwed. Since the first screw hole 121 only needs to be able to fix the insert 201, the position and orientation provided in the cutter body 101 may be set as appropriate. Therefore, the base portion of the rake face 207 and the opposite face (bottom face) 209 You may provide so that 203 may be pressed down. And in this example, such a 1st screw hole 121 is provided so that one location of the intermediate part of the longitudinal direction of the insert 201 may be pressed, but the length (dimension between end surfaces) of the insert 201 is provided. Depending on the required fixing force, two or more locations in the length direction may be provided.

  On the other hand, the insert 201 used in the polygon processing tool 100 of this example is cut at both ends of a base 203 (shank) having a circular cross section and a rod shape as shown in FIGS. It has a blade 205 (two-corner type), and the total length between the two cutting edges 205 at both ends thereof is such that when one of the cutting edges 205 is fixed in the air hole 107 of the cutter body 101, An appropriate amount protrudes from the outer peripheral surface 103. However, the rake face 207 constituting each cutting edge 205 can be provided on the opposite surfaces of the base 203, but in this example, the rake face 207 is provided on the same direction surface of the base 203, and therefore, at both ends. The cutting edge 205 is set to 0 degrees for both the front cutting edge angle and the left and right horizontal cutting edge angles so as to be able to cope with each process of front grinding and rear grinding. In addition, the rake face 207 and the same orientation face 208 in the base portion 203 are cut in a split circular section to form a flat surface, and serve as a pressure receiving surface for the tip (tightening force) in the fixing with the fixing bolt 301 described above. In this example, the fixing is such that the insert 201 is prevented from rotating in the air hole 107 in its cross section (circle). The rake surfaces 207 at both ends are lower than the flat surface (co-directional surface 208), and both sides of the rake surface 207 form side flank surfaces 211 cut (removed) by a flat surface. The end face 213 that forms the front flank 205 and the lateral flank 211 on both sides are provided with appropriate flank angles.

  The insert 201 has a predetermined portion of the peripheral surface in the vicinity of the end surface 213 of the insert 201 located on the center C1 side of the cutter body 101 in a state in which the insert 201 is disposed and fixed in the hole 107 as a housing part. When pressing from the front 102 side of the main body 101, the predetermined portion is inclined and pressed so that a component force can be obtained in which the insert 201 slides in the hole 107 and is pushed out from the outer peripheral surface 103. An attachment surface 225 is formed. The inclined pressed surface 225 is disposed in the air hole 107, and the end surface 213 side of the insert 201 located in the center C1 side of the cutter body 101 is fixed in the pressing direction from the front surface 102 side. An inclined surface (rear end of the insert 201) that is located at the back and formed so as to be pushed by pressing the head 403 by screwing the head of the bolt with head 401 described below. Direction inclined surface). However, as shown in FIG. 7 and the like, the inclined pressed surface 225 of the present example is inserted into the bottom relief surface 211 of the bottom surface 209 in the vicinity of the end surface 213 of the insert 201 by the pressing. It is formed in a cut shape on a plane so that a force F pushed in an inclined direction acts on both the drawing (the rake face 207 side) and the drawing right (the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body) (enlarged in FIG. 1). (See figure). Thus, the insert 201 is set to be pushed out into the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101 in the hole 107 by one component force F2 of the two component forces F1 and F2 of the force F.

  That is, when the insert 201 fixed to the cutter main body 101 is viewed from the front 102 side, the inclined pressed surface 225 of the present example is in the vicinity of the left end surface 213 in FIG. 1 is cut so that the width of the cut becomes wider and the depth becomes deeper as it approaches the end surface (the left end surface in FIG. 1) 213 (see FIG. 1, FIG. 7, etc.). . As shown in FIG. 7, the inclination angle α in the cross section (D, E, F) is substantially the same regardless of the position, and the closer to the end surface 213, the larger the cut at the bottom surface 209. It is formed as follows. In addition, since the insert 201 in this example is of a two-corner type having two cutting edges 205 having rake faces 207 in the same direction at both ends, an inclined press-fit surface provided in the vicinity of each end face 213 thereof. 225 is formed to be rotationally symmetric when the insert 201 is viewed from the bottom surface 209 (see FIG. 7).

  On the other hand, the insert 201 is disposed and fixed in the hole 107 described above, and is near the portion of the cutter body 101 (the back of the hole 107) where the inclined pressed surface 225 is located, and is a rake face. A second screw hole 131 is provided from the front surface 102 to the back surface 104 of the cutter body 101 at a location avoiding the air hole 107 on the side opposite to 207. However, the second screw hole 131 is where the bolt 401 with the head is screwed from the front 102 side of the cutter body 101. Then, the head portion 403 is brought into contact with the above-described inclined pressed surface 225 of the insert 201 disposed and fixed in the hole 107 by the screwing, that is, the protruding amount of the cutting edge 205 of the cutting insert 201, that is, In order to position the insert 201 in the front and rear in the air hole 107, a predetermined depth from the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101 (to an intermediate portion of the thickness of the cutter main body 101) is larger than the outer diameter of the head 403. The large-diameter hole 117 is perforated by the above-mentioned structure. The large-diameter hole 117 intersects the air hole 107, and the space between the two is continuous. Thus, the second screw hole 131 is formed so as to penetrate from the center toward the back surface 104 of the cutter body 101 at the bottom surface 119 of the large-diameter hole portion 117. Therefore, in this example, the head 403 of the bolt 401 with the head is accommodated by a sinking method in which the head 403 sinks into the large-diameter hole 117, and the head 403 is accommodated in the hole 107 by adjusting the screwing. It is formed so that the position of the cutting edge 205 in the protruding direction of the insert 201 is determined in contact with or pressed against the inclined pressing surface 225 of the insert 201 exposed to the insert 201 and disposed and fixed in the hole 107 thereof. ing.

  The head-attached bolt 401 is screwed into the second screw hole 131 in an appropriate amount from the front 102 side of the cutter body 101 by a sinking method. As the head-attached bolt 401, an appropriate one such as a normal hexagon socket head cap screw (cap bolt) can be used. In this example, a Torx (registered trademark) countersunk head bolt is used. For this reason, the corner formed by the outer peripheral surface 405 of the head 403 and the tip end surface (tapered surface) 407 is set so as to contact the inclined pressing surface 225 (see FIGS. 4 to 6). In this example, the inclined press-fit surface 225 is pressed by the head 403 so that the cutting insert 201 itself is advanced from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101 in the protruding direction of the cutting edge 205. Is obtained. In the screwing of the bolt 401 with the head, although depending on the screwing force (torque), the friction between the inner peripheral surface 105 of the hole 107 and the insert 201, etc., the head 403 presses the inclined pressed surface 225. In addition, the angle of the inclination is preferably set so that the advancement of the insert 201 can be obtained, but the backward movement of the insert 201 may only be stopped even if the advancement is not obtained due to friction or the like.

  Thus, one cutting edge 205 of each insert 201 inserted and disposed in the hole 107 is projected from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101, and the position of the cutting edge 206 (the dimension from the center C1 of the cutter body 101 to the cutting edge 206) is determined. When adjusting, if you want to reduce the protruding amount of the cutting edge 205, release the fastening of the fixing bolt 301, and retreat (screw) it so as to reduce the screwing amount of the bolt 401 with head. After the insert 201 is pushed into the hole 107 and the head 403 is brought into contact with the inclined pressed surface 225 at a predetermined position, the fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. On the contrary, when it is desired to increase the protruding amount of the cutting edge 205, if necessary, the fixing bolt 301 is loosened and the screwing of the head bolt 401 is increased so that the screwing amount of the head bolt 401 is increased ( When the predetermined protrusion amount is reached, the fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. At this time, if the advancement of the insert 201 cannot be obtained by the component force due to the screwing of the bolt 401 with the head, the position of the blade edge 206 is adjusted while giving the insert 201 a force to pull out from the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101. The fixing bolt 301 may be tightened. The second screw hole 131 may be structured to be opened from the back surface 104 of the cutter main body 101. However, in this example, since the second screw hole 131 is formed from the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101, the screwing operation of the fixing bolt 301 is simplified. Can be done.

  As described above, in this example, as a mechanism for fixing the insert 201 to the accommodation portion (hole 107) of the cutter body 101 and adjusting the position of the blade edge 206, the cutter body 101 has two types of screw holes (first holes). While it is necessary to provide the screw holes 121 and the second screw holes 131), as separate parts, only two types of bolts (fixing bolts 301 and positioning bolts (head bolts) 401) are required, Unlike the conventional polygon processing tool 100, there is no need for a wedge piece (wedge) for fixing or a locator for positioning. Therefore, the cutter main body 101 can be reduced in diameter by reducing the space, so that a small-diameter polygon processing tool 100 having a plurality of blades can be provided with a blade diameter (blade edge 206 position) adjusting mechanism. . In addition, since the inclined pressed surface 225 is formed not on the end surface 213 of the insert 201 but on the peripheral surface, the second screw hole 131 for screwing the bolt 401 with the head for pressing it is provided. Since the cutter body 101 is not arranged in tandem with the insert 201 in the radial direction of the cutter body 101, the diameter of the cutter body 101 can be further reduced. As a result, high-precision polygon processing can be realized even in a polygon processing tool 100 that requires use of a cutter body 101 having a small diameter, such as a small lathe.

  Further, in this example, since the accommodating portion is the hole 107 formed in a perforated shape from the outer peripheral surface 103 to the inner peripheral surface 105 in the cutter body 101, the insert 201 can be stably fixed. In this example, since the hole 107 has a circular cross section, the cross section of the insert 201 (base 203) is also based on the circular shape. It can also be a polygon such as. In this way, since the rotation of the insert 201 in the hole 107 can be prevented, the direction of the cutting edge 205 can be easily adjusted.

  In the machining tool 100 of this example, a hole 107 that forms an accommodation part in the cutter body 101 is drilled from the outer peripheral surface 103, and a bottomed bottom with a bottom in the inner side (the inner peripheral surface 105 side of the cutter main body 101) is formed. Since it is not a hole 107 but a through-hole that opens on the inner peripheral surface 105, the insert 201 can be inserted and arranged deeply on the center C1 side of the cutter body 101 because the bottom (bottom) is not provided. Thereby, when using the insert 201 of the same full length (length between edge parts), the outer diameter of the cutter main body 101 can be made still smaller. In this example, since the insert 201 having the cutting edges 205 at both ends is used, the cost of the tool can be reduced. However, the cutting edge 205 is provided only at one end to shorten the overall length. As a result, the cutter body 101 and thus the polygon processing tool 100 can be further reduced in diameter.

  In this example, the inclined pressed surface 225 is an end located near the annular center C1 side of the cutter body 101 in the insert 201 or in the vicinity of the end in a state where the cutting insert 201 itself is disposed in the receiving portion (hole 107). Although it is formed in the part, this inclined pressed surface 225 only needs to be able to position and adjust the cutting edge 205 of the insert 201 by screwing the head-attached bolt 401 into the second screw hole 131. As long as it corresponds to a position where the second screw hole 131 can be formed in the cutter body 101, it may be provided at an intermediate portion between both ends of the insert 201. However, in the case where such an intermediate portion is provided, it is confined to the intermediate portion of the insert 201, or there is a small-diameter portion, which causes a decrease in the strength of the insert due to stress concentration, and the shape becomes complicated. In the case of being provided near the end as described above, there is no such problem, and it becomes easy to form the inclined pressed surface 225 itself and to manufacture and process the insert 201 itself.

  In the above example (first embodiment), the head-mounted bolt 401 is used as the positioning bolt that constitutes the positioning adjusting means of the blade edge 206, and the head 403 is moved by screwing it into the second screw hole 131. Although it is assumed that the inclined pressing surface 225 of the insert 201 is brought into contact (or pressure contact), the positioning bolt is not provided with a head, for example, a hexagonal socket set screw (bolt) as shown in FIG. ) 421 may be used, and the tip 427 may contact the inclined pressing surface 225. That is, in another example shown in FIG. 8, instead of the screw hole 131 in FIG. 5, a part of the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101 corresponding to the inclined pressed surface 225 of the insert 201 is directed toward the back surface 104. The second screw hole 141 for screwing the hexagon socket set screw 421 is provided, for example, in a penetrating manner, and the hexagon socket set screw 421 is screwed into the second screw hole 141, and the head-attached bolt in the above example Instead of the corner formed by the outer peripheral surface 405 of the head 403 of 401 and its front end surface (tapered surface) 407, a portion closer to one side of the front end 427 of the hexagon socket set screw 421 (the angle between the front end surface and the outer peripheral surface or The tip end portion) may be in contact with the inclined pressed surface 225. That is, by changing the screwing amount of the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 into the second screw hole 141, the position where the tip 427 or a portion closer to the tip contacts with the inclined pressed surface 225 is changed. The position of the blade edge 206 can be adjusted. Note that such a screw hole 141 may be a screw hole having a predetermined depth, as long as a necessary screwing amount can be ensured.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case where the inclined pressing surface 225 is in the screwing direction of the positioning bolt in the above example, the end face is located near the bottom surface 209 of the lateral clearance surface 211 of the insert 202. It may be an inclined surface that becomes lower in a single gradient toward 213. The predetermined portion is pressed by the head 403 of the bolt 401 with the head, or the tip 427 of the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 having no head as described above, or the vicinity thereof. This is because it suffices as long as the component force to advance is obtained. The insert 202 shown in FIG. 9 is illustrated in the case where the base 203 has a square cross section as described below. And also when setting it as such an inclined to-be-pressed surface 225, not only the case where this is provided in the site | part close | similar to the end surface but it can also provide in the intermediate site of both ends.

  Next, another example of the polygon machining tool 500 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. However, the accommodating portion of the insert 202 in the cutter body 101 in the above example (first embodiment) is a circular hole 107 having a circular cross section formed so as to penetrate from the outer peripheral surface 103 toward the inner peripheral surface 105. Yes, the insert 202 is based on a round bar that is inserted in the hole 107 in an inserted state. On the other hand, in this alternative example (hereinafter, this example), the accommodating part is the cutter body 101. Opened also on the front surface 102 and extending in a substantially radial direction with a concave groove 108 having a rectangular cross section, and the insert 202 is based on a square bar disposed in the concave groove 108 in an internally fitted state The only difference is that Therefore, the following description will focus on this difference, and the action and effect based thereon, the same parts as those in the above example will be given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

  As shown in the figure, in this example, the accommodating portion is opened in the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101, and the transverse section (groove width, depth) is opened between the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 at both ends thereof. A rectangular concave groove 108 is formed. However, the groove bottom 108b of the concave groove 108 is at the same level as the seating surface (circular seating surface) 110 in the nut tightening on the front 102 side of the mounting hole 109 with respect to the lathe countershaft in the cutter body 101. On the other hand, the insert 202 is based on a rectangular (rectangular) cross section that can be fitted into the concave groove 108 with a minute gap, and the base section (shank) 203 including the cutting edges 205 at both ends has a cross section. Is different from the insert 201 in the above example in that it has cutting edges 205 at both left and right ends, the rake face 207 is lower than the base 203, and both sides of the rake face 207 (lateral cutting edges 205). Has a side relief surface 211 cut (cut) by a plane. Such an insert 202 is slidable between the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 of the cutter body 101 when the insert 202 is disposed in the recessed groove 108.

  In this example, the screwing structure of the first screw hole 121 and the fixing bolt 301 is the same as that of the above example, but is a positioning bolt screwed into the second screw hole 131 based on the shape of the insert 202. The inclined pressed surface 225 pressed by the head-mounted bolt 401 is also formed in the same manner except that the insert 202 has a rectangular cross section. On the other hand, the second screw hole 131 is also formed in the same manner as in the above example. However, the housing portion of the insert 202 in this example has a head due to the concave groove 108 opening in the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101. The large-diameter hole portion 117 into which the head portion 403 of the bolt 401 is depressed is provided so as to cut the groove wall 108w of the concave groove 108. Thereby, the insert 202 arranged in the concave groove 108 can be visually recognized on the front surface 102 of the cutter main body 101, the pressing state of the insert 202 by the fixing bolt 301, and the second screw hole 131 of the head-attached bolt 401. It can also be visually recognized that the head portion 403 presses the inclined pressing surface 225 in the screwing.

  In such a polygon processing tool 500 of this example, the insert 202 is arranged from the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101 to the accommodation portion based on the structure of the accommodation portion of the insert 202 in the cutter body 101 (the concave groove 108 structure). It can be easily attached and detached. The orientation of the rake face 207 is determined by the arrangement of the insert 202. Further, as described above, when the insert 202 is pressed by the fixing bolt 301 and the head-mounted bolt 401 is screwed into the second screw hole 131, the head 403 is inclined. The pressing of the pressing surface 225 can also be visually recognized by the operator, so that the adjustment operation of the position of the blade edge 206 can be simplified.

  In addition, including the present example and the example (FIG. 1) in which the insert 202 is disposed by being inserted into the hole 107, the formation position of the second screw hole 131 for screwing the head bolt 401 is In the front face 102 of the cutter body 101, the inclined pressed surface 225 is larger than the large-diameter hole 117 so that it can be more easily seen from the outside, for example, a notch 118 notched as shown in FIG. The second screw hole 131 may be formed on the bottom surface.

  The structure of the receiving portion 108 of the insert 202 in the cutter body 101 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, that is, the groove portion structure in which the receiving portion 108 opens in the front surface 102 of the cutter body 101 is used as a positioning bolt. Is not using a bolt 401 with a head, but using, for example, a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 having no head similar to that shown in FIG. The surface 225 may be pressed. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, for example, the head 403 of the bolt 401 with the head is concentric with the second screw hole 131 provided in the cutter body 101 shown in FIGS. A second screw hole 141 into which a hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 (screw diameter) can be screwed is provided, and the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 is screwed therein, and one end 427 of the tip 427 is inserted. It is good also as what a near side part contacts the inclined pressing surface 225. FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, when the hexagon socket set screw (bolt) 421 is screwed in from the front 102 side of the cutter body 101, the screw hole 141 partially forms the groove wall 108 w of the concave groove 108. Since it has a cut-in shape and is a threaded end with a part of the screw missing in the circumferential direction, it is in a screwed state with no part of the screw. For this reason, in the screwed structure shown in FIG. 15, the screw hole 141 is set so as to cut the groove wall 108w within a range in which the screwing is not hindered. In addition, when the housing part 108 of the insert 202 has a concave groove structure and is a positioning bolt using a bolt without a head in this way, by screwing it from the back surface 104 side in the cutter body 101, In order to enable the positioning of the insert, the direction of the inclined pressed surface 225 in the insert 202 may be set to face the groove bottom 108b of the groove 108. This is because the second screw hole 141 can eliminate a screw chip in the circumferential direction.

  The shape and structure of the cutter main body forming the polygon processing tool of the present invention are not limited to those in the above example, the number of inserts to be fixed, the structure of the accommodating portion, the first screw hole, Including the formation position of the second screw hole, the direction of drilling, and the like, the present invention can be embodied with appropriate changes. In addition, the insert has an appropriate cutting edge according to the processing form, and the cross-sectional shape including the base portion can be variously changed and embodied, and the predetermined portion provided with the inclined pressing surface , And its tilted state can be embodied as various types. As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described ones, and can be embodied with appropriate modifications without departing from the gist thereof.

100,500 Polygon processing tool 101 Cutter main body 102 Front face of cutter main body 103 Outer peripheral surface of cutter main body 105 Inner peripheral surface of cutter main body 107 Hole (housing part)
108 Concave groove
121 1st screw hole 131, 141 2nd screw hole 201, 202 Cutting insert 203 Base 205 Cutting edge 206 Cutting edge 207 Insert rake face 209 Insert bottom face (side opposite to rake face)
213 End face 225 Inclined pressed surface 301 Fixing bolt 401 Bolt with head (positioning bolt)
403 Head bolt 421 Hex socket head set screw (positioning bolt)
427 Tip of hexagon socket set screw (positioning bolt) C1 Cutter body annular center F2 Component force

Claims (8)

An annular cutter body and one or a plurality of cutting inserts are included, and the cutting insert is disposed at a receiving portion provided in the cutter body, and fixed with a cutting blade protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body. A tool for polygon processing having positioning adjustment means for the cutting edge of the cutting edge,
The cutting insert has a cutting edge at at least one end of a base portion having a rod shape, and the storage portion of the cutter body has the inner surface as a guide, and the cutting insert is inserted into the cutting blade through the base. It is formed to slide forward and backward with the protruding direction as the front,
The cutting insert disposed in the accommodating portion has a configuration that is fixed by a fixing bolt that is screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body,
Moreover, when the cutting insert is placed in the receiving portion, the predetermined portion of the peripheral surface excluding its end face is pressed to the predetermined portion so that a component force can be obtained to advance the cutting insert itself. An inclined pressing surface is provided, and a positioning bolt is screwed into a second screw hole provided in the cutter body, and the positioning bolt is inclined by adjusting the screwing amount. A polygon processing tool, comprising: the positioning adjusting means that adjusts the position of the cutting edge by changing a position of contact on the pressing surface.   The positioning bolt is a bolt with a head, and the cutting edge is changed by changing a position where the head comes into contact with the inclined pressing surface by adjusting the screwing amount. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, further comprising: a positioning adjustment unit that can adjust the position of the polygon processing tool.   3. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the accommodating portion is a hole drilled from an outer peripheral surface of the cutter body toward an inner peripheral surface. 4.   The said accommodating part is formed as what opens in the internal peripheral surface of the said cutter main body, and penetrates between this internal peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Polygon processing tool.   The inclined pressing surface is formed in a predetermined portion of a peripheral surface located on the annular center side of the cutter body in the insert in a state where the cutting insert is disposed in the receiving portion. The polygon processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is a polygon processing tool.   The polygon cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutting insert has cutting edges at both ends of the base.   The polygon processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second screw hole is provided so that the positioning bolt can be screwed in from the front of the cutter body. tool.   The cutting insert is fixed by a fixing bolt screwed into a first screw hole provided in the cutter body, by pressing a rake face constituting the cutting edge or a surface in the same direction as the opposite side face. The polygon processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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