JP6806194B1 - Rotating machine winding structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress damage and deterioration of heat dissipation of a stator winding wound around a stator core of a rotating machine. A stator winding of a rotating machine includes a three-phase phase winding. This phase winding is configured by coating a conductor with an insulating coating, and has a turn portion 62A that externally connects a slot accommodating portion accommodated in a slot and a slot accommodating portion accommodated in slots having different circumferential directions. It has a turn portion 62B. In the turn portions 62A and 62B, the crown portions 63A and 63B are formed at positions farthest from the end face of the stator core, and the oblique portions 65A and 65B are formed on both sides thereof. In the in-phase turn portions 62A and 62B adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, the oblique portions 65A and 65B overlap in the axial direction, while the crown portions 63A and 63B are displaced in the radial direction. [Selection diagram] Fig. 4

Description

The present invention relates to a winding structure of a rotating machine mounted on a vehicle or the like and used as an electric motor or a generator.

A rotor mounted on a vehicle or the like includes a rotor (rotor) rotatably arranged in a housing and a stator (stator) arranged in the housing so as to face each other in the radial direction of the rotor.

The stator includes an annular stator core and a stator winding wound in a plurality of slots arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core. This stator winding includes three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) phase windings having different electrical phases. Patent Document 1 is known as an example of the structure of this phase winding.

Explaining with reference to FIG. 7, large and small conductor segments 50A and 50B are adopted for the phase winding of Patent Document 1. The conductor segments 50A and 50B are formed in an inverted U-shaped hairpin shape, include a pair of straight portions 51A and 51B and turn portions 52A and 52B between the straight portions 51A and 51B, and the straight portions 51A and 51B are provided in the slots. 51B is inserted and accommodated.

At substantially the center of the turn portions 52A and 52B, the crown portions 53A and 53B formed in a protruding shape are formed. Further, both turn portions 52A and 52B form a ring-shaped coil end at one end in the axial direction of the stator winding. In this coil end portion, the crown portions 53A and 53B of the turn portions 52A and 52B adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction overlap each other in the axial direction.

Japanese Patent No. 6349971

When the slot is inserted, the conductor segments 50A and 50B are stacked in two stages along the axial direction of the stator core, and the lower parietal portion 53B is overlapped with the upper parietal portion 53A and pressed in a hidden state. Pressure is applied to 53B.

At this time, the conductor segments 50A and 50B are composed of square wires in which the conductor is covered with an insulating coating. However, since the crown 53B is pressed against the crown 53A by the pressure at the time of inserting the slot, the insulating film may be spread and damaged, and the insulating property may not be ensured. Further, when the crown portions 53A and 53B overlap each other, the surface area in contact with the air is reduced, and the heat dissipation of the stator winding may be deteriorated.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to suppress damage to a stator winding wound around a stator core of a rotating machine and deterioration of heat dissipation.

(1) The present invention is a stator winding of a rotating machine, which is wound in a plurality of slots arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core of the rotating machine, and each has a three-phase phase winding having different electrical phases. The structure of
Each of the phase windings is configured by coating a conductor with an insulating coating, and accommodates a slot accommodating portion accommodated in each slot and a slot accommodating portion accommodated in the slots having different circumferential directions of the stator core. Each has a turn part that connects externally,
The turn portion includes a long pitch turn portion and a short pitch turn portion having different lengths in the stretching direction.
The crown of both pitch turn portions is formed at a position farthest from the end face of the stator core.
The portions of both pitch turn portions of the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction except for the crown are overlapped along the axial direction of the stator core.
The parietal portions of both pitch turn portions having the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are characterized in that they are displaced in the radial direction of the stator core.

(2) In one aspect of the present invention
The crown of both pitch turn portions is characterized in that it is bent in opposite directions in the radial direction.

(3) In another aspect of the present invention.
The vertical cross section of each pitch turn portion is formed in a vertically long rectangular shape.
The short side portions of the vertical cross section constituting the upper and lower surfaces of both crowns do not overlap.

(4) In still another aspect of the present invention.
Each of the crowns is characterized by being formed by bending one of the turn portions in a direction away from the end face.

(5) In still another aspect of the present invention.
The crown portion of each pitch turn portion is characterized in that the one portion is bent to the opposite side in the radial direction.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress damage to the stator winding wound around the stator core of the rotating machine and deterioration of heat dissipation.

The vertical sectional view which shows an example of the rotating machine which applied the winding structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view of the stator, and (b) is a top view showing one end of the stator. (A) is a partial cross-sectional view of the phase winding of the stator, and (b) is a schematic explanatory view developed in the circumferential direction of the stator core showing the arrangement position of the conductor segment accommodated in the slot. (A) is a perspective view showing large and small conductor segments, (b) is the same front view, (c) is the same top view, and (d) is the same vertical sectional view. Enlarged vertical section of each conductor segment. Wiring diagram of the stator winding. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of large and small conductor segments according to Patent Document 1.

Hereinafter, the winding structure of the rotating machine according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The winding structure of the present embodiment mainly relates to the winding shape of a distributed winding rotary machine using a flat wire. First, an example of a rotating machine to which the winding structure of the present embodiment can be applied will be described with reference to FIG.

The rotary machine 1 is mounted on a vehicle or the like and used as an electric motor or a generator, and has a housing 10 in which openings of bottomed tubular housing members 10a and 10b are joined to each other, and a housing 10 via a bearing 11. A rotating shaft 13 rotatably supported and having a plurality of magnetic poles, a rotor 14 fixed to the rotating shaft 13, and a stator 20 arranged to face the rotor 14 and fixed to the housing 10 are provided. I have.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stator 20 includes a stator core (stator core) 30 formed in a cylindrical shape, a plurality of slots 31 arranged in the circumferential direction R of the stator core 30, and a plurality of slots 31. It includes a stator winding 40 which is wound around a slot 31 and is composed of three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase) phase windings having different electrical phases.

The stator core 30 is integrally formed by laminating a plurality of annular electromagnetic steel sheets in the axial direction (L direction in FIG. 2). The stator core 30 is an annular back core 33, and a plurality of stator cores 30 projecting inward in the radial direction (the same W direction) from the back core 33 and arranged in the circumferential direction (the same R direction) at a predetermined distance. A tooth 34 is provided, and a slot 31 is formed between adjacent teeth 34. The number of slots 31 is formed at a ratio of 2 per phase of the stator winding 40 to the number of magnetic poles (8 magnetic poles) of the rotor 14, and the slot multiple is set to "2". That is, “8 × 3 × 2 = 48”, the number of slots is 48, and 48 slots 31 are repeatedly arranged in the circumferential direction R by two each. Here, the U-phase slots are referred to as U1 and U2, the V-phase slots are referred to as V1 and V2, and the W-phase slots are referred to as W1 and W2.

<< Configuration example >>
Next, the stator winding 40 to which the winding structure is applied will be described. The phase windings constituting the stator winding 40 are a slot accommodating portion 61C (see FIG. 3) inserted and accommodated in the slot 31 and a slot accommodating portion inserted and accommodated in different slots 31 arranged in the circumferential direction R. It is provided with turn portions 62A and 62B (see FIG. 2) for connecting 61Cs to each other outside the slot 31. In the stator winding 40, a plurality of large and small conductor segments 60 formed in a substantially U shape (substantially a hairpin shape) are inserted into slots 31 from one end side of the stator core 30 in the axial direction L, respectively. After twisting the pair of open ends extending to the end side to the opposite sides, the open ends are joined to each other by means such as welding to be electrically connected in a predetermined pattern.

Here, the conductor segments 60A and 60B shown in FIG. 4 are adopted as the basic large and small conductor segments 60. The conductor segments 60A and 60B are composed of square lines coated with a two-layer structure insulating coating, and as shown in FIG. 5, the vertical cross section is formed in a vertically long rectangular shape, and the vertically long rectangular conductor 68 and the conductor 68 It is provided with an insulating coating 69 that covers the outer surface of the above. The insulating coating 69 is a double insulating coating of an inner layer 69a and an outer layer 69b.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the conductor segments 60A and 60B are the above-mentioned turns connecting a pair of straight lines 61A and 61B parallel to each other and one ends of the straight lines 61A and 61B, respectively. The slot accommodating portion 61C is composed of the straight portions 61A and 61B which are provided with the portions 62A and 62B and which are inserted and accommodated in the slot 31. The conductor segment 60A and the conductor segment 60B have different lengths in the stretching direction of the turn portions 62A and 62B.

For example, the turn portion 62A of the conductor segment 60A is formed to have a length of 7 slot pitch, and the turn portion 62B of the conductor segment 60B is formed to have a length of 5 slot pitch. The turn portion 62 of the conductor segment 60A can be referred to as a “long pitch turn portion 62A”, and the turn portion 62 of the conductor segment 60B can be referred to as a “short pitch turn portion 62B”.

Both pitch turn portions 62A and 62B have diagonal portions 65A and 65B formed in an ascending slope from rising portions 66A and 66B bent at one end of each of the straight portions 61A and 61B, and their respective skew portions. It is provided with a crown portion 63A, 63B formed by bending one point between 65A and 65B in the upward direction (direction away from the end surface 30a in the axial direction L of the stator core 30).

The crown portions 63A and 63B are bent in opposite directions in the radial direction W of the stator core 30. That is, the crown 63A is bent in the P direction in FIG. 4C, while the crown 63B is bent in the same Q direction so that the stator core 30 does not overlap along the axial direction L. It has become.

≪Insert accommodation method≫
Hereinafter, a method of inserting and accommodating the conductor segments 60A and 60B into the slots 31 will be described. U1 and U2 in FIG. 3 indicate a U-phase slot in which the U-phase winding in the three-phase phase winding is accommodated, and one straight portion 61A of the conductor segment 60A is on the inner peripheral side of the U-phase slot U1. It is inserted into the first layer, and the other straight portion 61A is inserted into the second layer from the inner peripheral side of the U-phase slot U2, which is 7 slot pitches away from the U-phase slot U1 in the circumferential direction R.

Further, in the conductor segment 60B, one straight line portion 61B is inserted into the first layer on the inner peripheral side of the U-phase slot U2, and the other straight line portion 61B is a U that is 5 slot pitches away from the U-phase slot U2 in the circumferential direction R. It is inserted into the second layer from the inner peripheral side of the phase slot U1.

This work is similarly performed on the V-phase slots V1 and V2 and the W-phase slots W1 and W2. That is, the conductor segments 60A and 60B are sequentially inserted into the first layer and the second layer of the V-phase slots V1 and V2 and the W-phase slots W1 and W2, which are repeatedly arranged two by two adjacent to the circumferential direction R. To. At this time, the conductor segments 60A and 60B are inserted into the first and second layers of the respective phase slots U, V, and W so as to make one round in the circumferential direction R.

After that, the conductor segments 60A and 60B are inserted so as to make one round in the circumferential direction R in the same manner for the third and fourth layers of the U-phase slots U1, U2 and V-phase slots V1, V2 and W-phase slots W1 and W2. Will be done. This work is also performed on the 5th and 6th layers of the U-phase slots U1, U2 / V-phase slots V1, V2 / W-phase slots W1 and W2, so that the total is in all-phase slots U, V and W. The six straight portions 61A and 61B are housed in a state of being aligned in a row in the radial direction W.

Then, the open ends of the pair of straight portions 61A and 61B extending from each slot 31 to the other end side of the stator core 30 are oblique to each other with respect to the end surface 30b on the other end side. By twisting to the opposite side, a twisted portion (not shown) having a length substantially equal to the half magnetic pole pitch is formed, and the tips of the twisted portions are welded to each other by welding or the like and electrically connected in a predetermined pattern.

That is, the slot accommodating portion 61C in which the conductor segments 60 groups are connected in series and accommodated in the "N (N = 1 or more natural number)" layer from the inner peripheral side of the slot 31, and the inner peripheral side of the other slots 31. The slot accommodating portions 61 accommodated in the "N + 1" layer are electrically connected to each other.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the stator winding 40 having three phase windings 41U, 41V, 41W wound in a wave winding in the circumferential direction R along the slot 31 of the stator core 30 is formed. It is formed. At this time, the first lap, the second lap, the third lap, the fourth week, the fifth lap, the sixth lap, etc. of each layer are connected by a deformed segment (not shown). Therefore, the stator winding 40 in which the winding ends of the phase windings 41U, 41V, 41W in which four parallel windings U1 to U4, V1 to V4, W1 to W4 are connected in parallel is connected in a star shape is formed. It is formed.

As a result of such work, on the one end side in the axial direction L of the stator winding 40 wound around the stator core 30, a plurality of turn portions 62A and 62B protrude from the end surface 30a to the outside of the slot 31, and the ring. A coil end 45 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is formed. Further, on the other end side of the stator winding 40 in the axial direction L, a plurality of the twisted portions and the terminal joints protrude from the end surface 30b to the outside of the slot 31, and a ring-shaped coil end 46 is formed.

At this time, regarding the turn portions 62A and 62B of the in-phase phase windings adjacent to the circumferential direction R of the coil end 45, a short pitch turn is made on the inner peripheral side of the long pitch turn portion 62A over the entire circumferential direction R of the stator core 31. The portions 62B are arranged, the oblique portions 65A and 65B are overlapped in two stages along the axial direction L, and the oblique portions 65B are concealed under the oblique portion 65A.

However, since the crown portions 63A and 63B are bent in the opposite P and Q directions in the radial direction of the stator core 30, they do not overlap along the coaxial direction L. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4C, the crown 63B is not hidden under the crown 63A, and both crowns 63A and 63B appear in a misaligned state. As a result, collisions between the crown portions 63A and 63B of the U-phase winding 41U, the V-phase winding 41V, and the W-phase winding 41W are avoided. According to the winding structure of the present embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) That is, when the slot is inserted, the conductor segments 60A and 60B are pressed against the crown 63A in a state of being stacked in two stages along the axial direction L. At this time, since the crown portions 63A and 63B are bent in the opposite P and Q directions in the radial direction, both crown portions 63A and 63B are in a misaligned state.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4D, the lower surface 63a of the insulating coating 69 of the crown 63A and the upper surface 63b of the insulating coating 69 of the crown 63B do not overlap, and the both sides 63a and 63b are separated from each other.

As a result, even if the crown 63A is pressed when the slot is inserted, the lower surface 63a of the crown 63A does not collide with the upper surface 63b of the crown 63B, and damage to the insulating coatings 69 of the crown 63A and 63B is avoided. .. As a result, damage to the stator winding 40 and deterioration of the insulating property of the insulating coating 69 are prevented, and in this respect, the yield of the product can be improved and the productivity can be improved.

(2) According to the winding structure of Patent Document 1, the crown portions 53A and 53B are formed by bending the turn portions 52A and 52B upward. On the other hand, in the winding structure of the present embodiment, the crown portions 53A and 53B are formed by bending one of the turn portions 62A and 62B upward.

According to this configuration, the bending angle of the crown 63A, 63B becomes acute as compared with the crown 53A, 53B of Patent Document 1, and the insulating coating 69 may be greatly stretched at the time of bending.

Under this circumstance, if the crown 63B is pressed against the crown 63A during slot insertion, the insulating coating 69 is likely to be damaged, and the need for protection of the insulating coating 69 is particularly high. In this regard, the winding structure of the present embodiment avoids contact between the crown 63A and 63B as described above, and avoids damage to the insulating coating 69.

(3) As described above, the crown portions 63A and 63B do not overlap with each other along the axial direction L, and the positions are displaced. As a result, the surface area of the stator winding 40 that comes into contact with the air increases, and heat dissipation is improved. In this respect, it can contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of the rotating machine 1.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified and implemented within the range described in each claim. For example, the turn portions 52A and 52B may be bent at two locations to form the crown portions 63A and 63B. In this case as well, if the crown portions 63A and 63B are bent in the opposite P and Q directions in the radial direction, they do not overlap along the coaxial direction L, and the effect of protecting the insulating coating 69 and improving heat dissipation can be obtained.

1 ... Rotating machine 30 ... Stator core 31 ... Slot 40 ... Stator winding 61C ... Slot accommodating parts 62A, 62B ... Turn parts 63A, 63B ... Top of the head 68 ... Conductor 69 ... Insulating coating 63a ... Bottom surface 63b ... Top surface

Claims (4)

It is a structure of a stator winding of a rotating machine, which is wound in a plurality of slots arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core of the rotating machine and has a three-phase phase winding having different electrical phases.
Each of the phase windings is configured by coating a conductor with an insulating coating, and accommodates a slot accommodating portion accommodated in each slot and a slot accommodating portion accommodated in the slots having different circumferential directions of the stator core. Each has a turn part that connects externally,
The turn portion includes a long pitch turn portion and a short pitch turn portion having different lengths in the stretching direction.
It is provided with a substantially inverted V-shaped crown portion in which one portion of each pitch turn portion is bent in a direction farthest from the end face of the stator core .
The portions of both pitch turn portions of the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction except for the crown are overlapped along the axial direction of the stator core.
A winding structure of a rotating machine, characterized in that the crown portions of both pitch turn portions having the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are displaced in the radial direction of the stator core. The winding structure of the rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein the crown portions of both pitch turn portions are bent in opposite directions in the radial direction. The vertical cross section of each pitch turn portion is formed in a vertically long rectangular shape.
The winding structure of the rotary machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the short side portions of the vertical cross section forming the upper and lower surfaces of both crowns do not overlap. The winding of the rotary machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the crown portion of each pitch turn portion is formed by bending each of the above-mentioned one portions to the opposite sides in the radial direction. Construction.

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