JP6800967B2 - ガス処理システム及びこれを含む船舶 - Google Patents
ガス処理システム及びこれを含む船舶 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6800967B2 JP6800967B2 JP2018520516A JP2018520516A JP6800967B2 JP 6800967 B2 JP6800967 B2 JP 6800967B2 JP 2018520516 A JP2018520516 A JP 2018520516A JP 2018520516 A JP2018520516 A JP 2018520516A JP 6800967 B2 JP6800967 B2 JP 6800967B2
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- gas
- evaporative gas
- evaporative
- compressor
- storage tank
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- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1464
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 40
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 18
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010759 marine diesel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
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- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
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- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
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- B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B63J2099/001—Burning of transported goods, e.g. fuel, boil-off or refuse
- B63J2099/003—Burning of transported goods, e.g. fuel, boil-off or refuse of cargo oil or fuel, or of boil-off gases, e.g. for propulsive purposes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0157—Compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/62—Ethane or ethylene
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/64—Propane or propylene
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
Description
前記推進エンジンによって要求された圧力に応じて前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを加圧し、その加圧された液化ガスを外部に吐出するブースティングポンプと、
前記ブースティングポンプによって加圧された前記液化ガスを気化させて強制発生蒸発ガス(FBOG)を発生させる強制気化器と、
前記強制発生蒸発ガスを気相と液相に分離し、前記自然発生蒸発ガスと合流するように前記気相を供給する気液分離器と、
前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の下流側において前記推進エンジンおよび前記発電エンジンが消費した後の残りの余剰蒸発ガスを受け取る余剰蒸発ガス消費装置とを含み、
前記気液分離器は、前記蒸発ガスが前記推進エンジンおよび前記発電エンジンに分岐される点の上流側、かつ、前記蒸発ガスが前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側の前記余剰蒸発ガス消費装置に分岐される点の下流側において前記自然発生蒸発ガスと合流するように前記気相と前記液相に分離されたところの前記強制発生蒸発ガスの前記気相を供給することを特徴とする。
また、本発明によるガス処理システムは、前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記推進エンジンとを連結する第1供給ラインであって、この第1供給ライン上に前記蒸発ガス圧縮機が備えられている第1供給ラインと、前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記第1供給ライン上の前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側とを連結する第2供給ラインと、上記第2供給ライン上に備えられ、上記蒸発ガス圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスと合流する前の上記強制気化器で強制気化された液化ガスを昇温させるヒーターと、を含むことを特徴とする。
Claims (11)
- 液化ガス貯蔵タンクにおいて発生する自然発生蒸発ガス(NBOG)を複数の段において圧縮し、前記圧縮した自然発生蒸発ガスを吐出し、前記吐出された自然発生蒸発ガスを推進エンジンおよび発電エンジンに分岐して供給する複数の段を備えた蒸発ガス圧縮機であって、前記吐出された自然発生蒸発ガスを前記推進エンジンによって要求されたガスの圧力とは異なるガスの圧力で推進エンジンおよび発電エンジンに分岐して供給する複数の段を備えた蒸発ガス圧縮機と、
前記推進エンジンによって要求された圧力に応じて前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクの液化ガスを加圧し、その加圧された液化ガスを外部に吐出するブースティングポンプと、
前記ブースティングポンプによって加圧された前記液化ガスを気化させて強制発生蒸発ガス(FBOG)を発生させる強制気化器と、
前記強制発生蒸発ガスを気相と液相に分離し、前記自然発生蒸発ガスと合流するように前記気相を供給する気液分離器と、
前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の下流側において前記推進エンジンおよび前記発電エンジンが消費した後の残りの余剰蒸発ガスを受け取る余剰蒸発ガス消費装置とを含み、
前記気液分離器は、前記強制発生蒸発ガスが前記推進エンジンおよび前記発電エンジンに分岐される点の上流側、かつ、前記強制発生蒸発ガスが前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側の前記余剰蒸発ガス消費装置に分岐される点の下流側において前記自然発生蒸発ガスと合流するように前記気相と前記液相に分離されたところの前記強制発生蒸発ガスの前記気相を供給することを特徴とするガス処理システム。 - 前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記推進エンジンとを連結する第1供給ラインであって、この第1供給ライン上に前記蒸発ガス圧縮機が備えられている第1供給ラインと、
前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記第1供給ライン上の前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側とを連結する第2供給ラインと、
前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクにおいて満船状態で発生する自然発生蒸発ガスだけを前記推進エンジンが全て消費する場合、船舶が推進される速度を既設定の速度とするとき、
前記船舶の速度と前記既設定の速度を比較して、前記第1供給ラインまたは前記第2供給ライン上の蒸発ガスまたは液化ガスの流動を制御する制御部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記制御部は、
前記船舶の速度が前記既設定の速度以内である場合、前記第1供給ラインを介してのみ前記液化ガス貯蔵タンク内の蒸発ガスを前記推進エンジンに供給するように制御し、
前記船舶の速度が前記既設定の速度を超える場合、前記第1供給ライン及び前記第2供給ラインを介して前記液化ガス貯蔵タンク内の液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを前記推進エンジンに供給するように制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記推進エンジンとを連結する第1供給ラインであって、この第1供給ライン上に前記蒸発ガス圧縮機が備えられている第1供給ラインと、
前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記第1供給ライン上の前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側とを連結する第2供給ラインと、
前記自然発生蒸発ガスの量と前記推進エンジンの求める燃料量を比較して、前記第1供給ラインまたは前記第2供給ライン上の蒸発ガスまたは液化ガスの流動を制御する制御部を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記制御部は、
前記推進エンジンの求める燃料量が前記自然発生蒸発ガスの量より多い場合、前記第1供給ライン及び前記第2供給ラインを介して前記液化ガス貯蔵タンク内の液化ガスまたは蒸発ガスを前記推進エンジンに供給するように制御することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記推進エンジンとを連結する第1供給ラインであって、この第1供給ライン上に前記蒸発ガス圧縮機が備えられている第1供給ラインと、
前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記第1供給ライン上の前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側とを連結する第2供給ラインと、
前記蒸発ガス圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを再液化する再液化装置と、
前記第1供給ライン上で分岐されて前記再液化装置に連結される第3供給ラインと、をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記推進エンジンとを連結する第1供給ラインであって、この第1供給ライン上に前記蒸発ガス圧縮機が備えられている第1供給ラインと、
前記液化ガス貯蔵タンクと前記第1供給ライン上の前記蒸発ガス圧縮機の前記下流側とを連結する第2供給ラインと、
前記第2供給ライン上に備えられ、前記蒸発ガス圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスと合流する前の前記強制気化器で強制気化された液化ガスを昇温させるヒーターをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記ヒーターは、
前記蒸発ガス圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスの温度が既設定の温度以上であれば、前記強制気化器で強制気化された液化ガスを昇温せず、
前記蒸発ガス圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスの温度が前記既設定の温度未満であれば、前記強制気化器で強制気化された液化ガスを昇温させることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のガス処理システム。 - 前記ヒーターは、空船状態で使用されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のガス処理システム。
- 前記推進エンジンは、低速2ストローク低圧ガス噴射エンジンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス処理システム。
- 前記ガス処理システムを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から10の何れか1つに記載の船舶。
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