JP6792985B2 - Joinery - Google Patents
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- JP6792985B2 JP6792985B2 JP2016180484A JP2016180484A JP6792985B2 JP 6792985 B2 JP6792985 B2 JP 6792985B2 JP 2016180484 A JP2016180484 A JP 2016180484A JP 2016180484 A JP2016180484 A JP 2016180484A JP 6792985 B2 JP6792985 B2 JP 6792985B2
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Description
本発明は、建物開口部に設けられ、アルミ材の押出形材により形成される建具に関する。 The present invention relates to a fitting provided at a building opening and formed of an extruded aluminum material.
従来、アルミ製の枠材を四周に組んでなる窓枠に対して、アルミ製の框材を四周に組んでなる障子を開閉自在に配置してなる建具は周知であり、さらに、框材に鋼製の補強芯材を設けて固定してなる建具が知られている(特許文献1)。 Conventionally, it is well known that fittings are made by arranging shoji screens made of aluminum frame material in four circumferences so that they can be opened and closed, as opposed to window frames made of aluminum frame material made of four circumferences. There is known a fitting formed by providing a reinforcing core material made of steel and fixing it (Patent Document 1).
建具の分野においては、以前より、耐食性に優れ、軽量で施工性にも優れたアルミニウム合金による建具が開発され、現在では主流となっているが、アルミニウムは強度面においては鉄に及ぶものではなく、大型の窓等の長尺の枠材や框材等においてはアルミニウムよりも強度の高い鋼製の補強部材により補強することが行われていた。
また、近年、建具においても高い防火性能が求められるようになり、融点が鉄よりも低いアルミニウム合金よりなる建具に対しては、防火上有害な変形が生じないように鋼製の補強部材を設けることなどが求められ(例えば、社団法人カーテンウォール・防火開口部協会が2002年に発行した「アルミニウム合金製防火戸標準仕様書の解説」等)、また、先行技術文献に示すようにアルミ製の框材に鋼製の補強部材を配置することにより、火災時に框材が融解して障子が崩れ落ちる等の変形を防止する建具が開発されている。
このように、従来の建具においては、アルミニウムという材料の特性を生かして軽量で施工性、操作性に優れた建具を形成しながら、アルミニウム製であることの弱点を鋼製の補強部材によって補うことで、強度の高い、防火性にも優れ、全体としてバランスのとれた建具を形成していた。
In the field of fittings, fittings made of aluminum alloy, which has excellent corrosion resistance, light weight, and excellent workability, have been developed and are now the mainstream, but aluminum is not as strong as iron. In addition, long frame materials such as large windows and stile materials have been reinforced with steel reinforcing members having higher strength than aluminum.
Further, in recent years, high fire protection performance has been required for fittings, and for fittings made of aluminum alloy having a melting point lower than that of iron, a steel reinforcing member is provided so as not to cause harmful deformation in terms of fire protection. (For example, "Explanation of standard specifications for aluminum alloy fire doors" published by the Curtain Wall and Fire Opening Association in 2002), and as shown in the prior art literature, aluminum products are required. By arranging a steel reinforcing member on the stile material, fittings have been developed to prevent deformation such as the stile material melting and the obstacles collapsing in the event of a fire.
In this way, in conventional fittings, while making use of the characteristics of the material of aluminum to form fittings that are lightweight and have excellent workability and operability, the weaknesses of being made of aluminum are supplemented by steel reinforcing members. Therefore, it formed a well-balanced fitting as a whole with high strength and excellent fire resistance.
しかし、アルミニウム合金よりなる建具を鋼製の補強部材により補強することは、火災の初期段階においては、むしろ鉄製の補強部材の存在が火炎や煙、有毒ガス等の進入に対して悪影響を及ぼす可能性があった。
すなわち、先行技術文献に示すような補強は、アルミ製の框材に対して鋼製の補強部材が、所定間隔毎に設定された固定位置においてネジ等により固定されることによりなされるのが普通であるが、鉄に対してアルミニウムの熱膨張率が略1.9倍と非常に大きいため、火災時初期において熱によって框材が伸びたときにその伸びが鋼製の補強部材により固定位置間で制限され、伸びが制限された分框材が撓むという事象が生じる可能性があった。そして、框材が撓むことにより、框材に設けた気密材が枠材から離れて窓枠と障子との間の気密材による気密が火災初期の段階で損なわれ、その隙間から火炎や煙、ガスが侵入する危険性があった。
また、大型の建具については、障子の框材を鋼製の補強部材により補強することで、障子が重くなることは避けられなかった。
However, reinforcing fittings made of aluminum alloy with steel reinforcing members may have an adverse effect on the ingress of flames, smoke, toxic gas, etc., rather than the presence of iron reinforcing members in the early stages of fire. There was sex.
That is, the reinforcement as shown in the prior art document is usually performed by fixing the steel reinforcing member to the aluminum frame material with screws or the like at the fixing positions set at predetermined intervals. However, since the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum is very large, about 1.9 times that of iron, when the frame material is stretched by heat in the early stage of a fire, the stretch is between the fixed positions by the steel reinforcing member. There was a possibility that the stile material, which was restricted by the above and whose elongation was restricted, would bend. Then, when the stile material bends, the airtight material provided on the stile material is separated from the frame material, and the airtightness due to the airtight material between the window frame and the shoji is impaired at the initial stage of the fire, and flames and smoke are lost from the gap. , There was a risk of gas intrusion.
Further, for large fittings, it was unavoidable that the shoji became heavier by reinforcing the stile material of the shoji with a steel reinforcing member.
本発明は、上記の課題等を解決することができるものであり、アルミ製の障子の框材等を補強するに際して、従来、鋼製であることが当然の構成であった補強部材についてあらためて研究し、框材等と同じアルミニウム合金による補強が可能であることを見いだし、框材等と補強部材の材料の相違による弊害を抑制することができる建具を提供することができるものである。 The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems and the like, and when reinforcing an aluminum shoji stile or the like, a new study is conducted on a reinforcing member which has conventionally been naturally made of steel. However, it has been found that it is possible to reinforce with the same aluminum alloy as the stile material, and it is possible to provide fittings capable of suppressing adverse effects due to the difference between the material of the stile material and the reinforcing member.
本願の請求項1に係る建具は、枠材を組んでなり建物の開口部に配置される窓枠と、框材を組んでなり窓枠に対して支持される障子とを備え、障子を構成する少なくともいずれかの框材は、中空部を有するアルミ製の框材本体部を有し、框材本体部の内周にガラス間口が形成されており、框材本体部の中空部内の略全長に亘ってアルミ製の補強部材が配置されているとともに、ガラス間口内にスチールまたはステンレス製の補強部材が配置されており、中空部内の補強部材はガラス間口内の補強部材とともに框材本体部に連結固定されていることを特徴とする。
Fitting according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a window frame which is disposed in an opening of a building becomes formed a frame member and a sash which is supported lifting with respect to the window frame becomes formed a rail members, impaired child At least one of rail members constituting has a rail members main body of aluminum having a middle empty section are glass frontage formed on the inner periphery of Kamachizai body portion, the hollow portion of the rail members body portion An aluminum reinforcing member is arranged over almost the entire length of the window, and a steel or stainless steel reinforcing member is arranged in the glass frontage. The reinforcing member in the hollow portion is a stile material together with the reinforcing member in the glass frontage. It is characterized in that it is connected and fixed to the main body .
本発明によれば、火災時において、窓材や框材が溶融することによる建具の崩落を防止することができるとともに、建具を軽量にすることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the fitting from collapsing due to melting of the window material and the stile material in the event of a fire, and it is possible to reduce the weight of the fitting.
(全体の構成)
本発明を、引き違い窓の実施形態を用いて説明する。
本発明の実施形態に係る建具は、上下枠及び左右の縦枠を四周に組んで成り、建物の開口部に固定される窓枠に対して、上下框及び左右の縦框を四周に組んでその内周にガラス等のパネルを配置してなる内外2枚の障子を引き違い自在に配置してなる通常周知の引き違い窓をその基本構成とするものである。
(Overall composition)
The present invention will be described using an embodiment of a sliding window.
The fitting according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed by assembling the upper and lower frames and the left and right vertical frames in four circumferences, and the upper and lower stiles and the left and right vertical stiles are assembled in four circumferences with respect to the window frame fixed to the opening of the building. Its basic configuration is a well-known sliding window in which two sliding doors, one inside and one outside, are arranged so that panels such as glass are arranged on the inner circumference thereof.
図1の建具の横断面図に示すように、引き違い窓は、建物の開口部に固定された左右の縦枠13,14間に、下枠に形成された室内側レール12a及び室外側レール12bに沿って内障子2及び外障子3が引き違い自在に配置されている。
縦枠13,14はアルミ形材からなり、縦枠本体部131,141の外周に取付片132,142が突出して形成されており、取付片132,142が図示しないネジ等の固定手段により躯体に固定されることにより、建物開口部に固定されている。
As shown in the cross-sectional view of the fitting in FIG. 1, the sliding window has an indoor side rail 12a and an outdoor side rail formed in the lower frame between the left and right vertical frames 13 and 14 fixed to the opening of the building. The internal sash 2 and the external sash 3 are arranged along the 12b so as to be slidable.
The vertical frames 13 and 14 are made of an aluminum profile, and the mounting pieces 132 and 142 are formed so as to project from the outer periphery of the vertical frame main bodies 131 and 141, and the mounting pieces 132 and 142 are skeletonized by fixing means such as screws (not shown). It is fixed to the opening of the building by being fixed to.
縦枠本体部131,141の室内側内周部位には、樹脂材料からなるカバー部材53,54が配置され、縦枠本体部131,141とともに長ネジ等の固定手段により躯体内周に固定されている。カバー部材53,54の室内側には額部53a,54aが延設されており、額部53a,54aがネジ等により直接躯体に固定されているので、アルミ形材からなる左右の縦枠13,14は直接室内側に露出することがなく、建具の断熱性能を向上させている。 Cover members 53, 54 made of a resin material are arranged on the inner peripheral portion of the vertical frame main body 131, 141 on the indoor side, and are fixed together with the vertical frame main body 131, 141 to the inner circumference of the skeleton by a fixing means such as a long screw. ing. Foreheads 53a and 54a extend to the indoor side of the cover members 53 and 54, and since the foreheads 53a and 54a are directly fixed to the skeleton by screws or the like, the left and right vertical frames 13 made of aluminum profiles. , 14 are not directly exposed to the indoor side, improving the heat insulating performance of the fittings.
内、外障子2,3は、上、下框及び左右の縦框23,24,33,34を四周組にしてなる障子枠の内周に二重ガラス等のパネル材25,35を配置して形成されている。そして、図1に示すように、それぞれ左右の縦框23,24,33,34の中空部内には、断面がU字状のアルミ製の補強部材71,72,73,74が挿入されて配置されており、その一辺が縦框23,24,33,34のガラス間口の底壁に対して、ビス等の固定手段により固定されている。 For the inner and outer shoji 2 and 3, panel materials 25 and 35 such as double glazing are arranged on the inner circumference of the shoji frame in which the upper, lower and left and right vertical frames 23, 24, 33 and 34 are assembled in four laps. Is formed. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, reinforcing members 71, 72, 73, 74 made of aluminum having a U-shaped cross section are inserted and arranged in the hollow portions of the left and right vertical frames 23, 24, 33, 34, respectively. One side of the glass is fixed to the bottom wall of the glass frontage of the vertical frames 23, 24, 33, 34 by a fixing means such as a screw.
(召合せ部の構成)
図2に示すように、内障子2の召合框(左縦框)23は、アルミ形材からなる金属縦框231と、金属縦框231の外周面及び室内側面を覆うように、外周面及び室内側面との間に間隔を隔てて配置される樹脂縦框232とからなり、樹脂縦框232により金属縦框231が室内に露出するのを防止するとともに、金属縦框231の外周面及び室内側面に断熱空間を形成することで建具の召合せ部における断熱性能を向上させている。
金属縦框231は、中空部を備える縦框本体部231aと、縦框本体部231aの室外側内周面から内周方向に延設される室外側内周壁231bと、縦框本体部231aの室内側内周面から内周方向に延設される室内側内周壁231cと、縦框本体部231aの室外側に形成されて煙返しを構成する突片231dとから構成されている。
(Composition of the meeting department)
As shown in FIG. 2, the merging stile (left vertical stile) 23 of the internal shoji 2 has a metal vertical stile 231 made of an aluminum profile, and an outer peripheral surface so as to cover the outer peripheral surface and the indoor side surface of the metal vertical stile 231. It is composed of a resin vertical stile 232 which is arranged at a distance from the indoor side surface, and the resin vertical stile 232 prevents the metal vertical stile 231 from being exposed to the room, and also includes the outer peripheral surface of the metal vertical stile 231 and the outer peripheral surface of the metal vertical stile 231. By forming a heat insulating space on the side surface of the room, the heat insulating performance at the mating part of the fitting is improved.
The metal vertical stile 231 includes a vertical stile main body 231a having a hollow portion, an outdoor inner peripheral wall 231b extending in the inner peripheral direction from the outdoor inner peripheral surface of the vertical stile main body 231a, and a vertical stile main body 231a. It is composed of an indoor inner peripheral wall 231c extending from the indoor inner peripheral surface in the inner peripheral direction, and a projecting piece 231d formed on the outdoor side of the vertical frame main body 231a to form a smoke return.
樹脂縦框232は、金属縦框231の外周面を覆う外周面部232aと、金属縦框231の室内側面を覆う室内面部232bとから構成されており、外周面部232aの室外側端が金属縦框231の縦框本体部231aに係止されるとともに、室内面部232bの内周端部が金属縦框231の室内側内周壁231cに係止されることで、金属縦框231に固定されている。
そして、金属縦框231の室内側内周壁231c及び室内側内周壁231cに係止された室内面部232bと、金属縦框231の室外側内周壁231bとによって、召合框23の内周に開口するガラス間口が形成されている。
The resin vertical stile 232 is composed of an outer peripheral surface portion 232a that covers the outer peripheral surface of the metal vertical stile 231 and an indoor surface portion 232b that covers the indoor side surface of the metal vertical stile 231. The outdoor end of the outer peripheral surface portion 232a is a metal vertical stile. It is fixed to the metal vertical stile 231 by being locked to the vertical stile main body 231a of 231 and the inner peripheral end of the indoor surface portion 232b being locked to the indoor inner peripheral wall 231c of the metal vertical stile 231. ..
Then, the indoor surface portion 232b locked to the indoor inner peripheral wall 231c and the indoor inner peripheral wall 231c of the metal vertical stile 231 and the outdoor inner peripheral wall 231b of the metal vertical stile 231 open an opening in the inner circumference of the merging stile 23. A glass frontage is formed.
ガラス間口には、火災時に室内側内周壁231cや室外側内周壁231bが融解した際にガラス等のパネル材25が落下することを防止するスチールやステンレス等鋼製の薄板からなる補強部材61が配置されており、その内周にはグレチャン81を介してパネル材25が装着されている。パネル材25は、2枚のガラス251,252がスペーサ253を介して一体化されておりスペーサ253の外周にはシール剤254が充填されている。
ガラス間口に配置されたグレチャン81の外周部や補強部材61周辺の適宜位置に熱膨張部材fが配置されている。
At the glass frontage, a reinforcing member 61 made of a thin steel plate such as steel or stainless steel is provided to prevent the panel material 25 such as glass from falling when the inner peripheral wall 231c on the indoor side or the inner peripheral wall 231b on the outdoor side melts in the event of a fire. It is arranged, and a panel material 25 is attached to the inner circumference thereof via a Grechan 81. In the panel material 25, two pieces of glass 251,252 are integrated via a spacer 253, and the outer periphery of the spacer 253 is filled with a sealing agent 254.
The thermal expansion member f is arranged at an appropriate position around the outer peripheral portion of the Grechan 81 arranged at the glass frontage and the reinforcing member 61.
金属縦框231の縦框本体部231aの中空部内には、アルミ製の補強部材71が縦框の長手方向に沿って挿入されている。補強部材71は、中空部内の室内側に配置される見付面71a及び見付面71aの左右端から室外側に向けて連続する左右の見込面71b,71cからなる断面略U字形状の長尺部材からなり、見付面71aの右端に連続する見込面71cがガラス間口に配置される鋼製の補強部材61とともに縦框本体部231aのガラス間口の底部にネジ等の固定手段によって連結固定されている。そして、補強部材71は、上下框との接合に影響を及ぼすなど特段の事情がなければ、できるだけ金属縦框231の長手方向の広範囲に亘って配置することが好ましく、少なくともガラス間口の全長に亘って配置できる長さを有することが好ましい。もっとも、補強部材71に上下框との接合に必要なネジ孔を設けるなどの処理を施すことにより金属縦框231の略全長に亘って設けることも可能であり、また、建具の使用形態等に応じて、特に補強が必要となる金属縦框231の長手方向の一部区間に設けることも可能である。
なお、補強部材71の見付面71aには、熱膨張部材fが配置されている。
A reinforcing member 71 made of aluminum is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the vertical stile into the hollow portion of the vertical stile main body 231a of the metal vertical stile 231. The reinforcing member 71 has a substantially U-shaped cross section consisting of the finding surface 71a arranged on the indoor side in the hollow portion and the left and right prospecting surfaces 71b and 71c continuous from the left and right ends of the finding surface 71a toward the outdoor side. A prospective surface 71c made of a scale member and continuous with the right end of the finding surface 71a is connected and fixed to the bottom of the glass frontage of the vertical frame main body 231a together with a steel reinforcing member 61 arranged at the glass frontage by a fixing means such as a screw. Has been done. Unless there are special circumstances such as affecting the joining with the upper and lower stiles, the reinforcing member 71 is preferably arranged over a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the metal vertical stile 231 as much as possible, and at least over the entire length of the glass frontage. It is preferable to have a length that can be arranged. However, it is also possible to provide the reinforcing member 71 over almost the entire length of the metal vertical stile 231 by providing a screw hole necessary for joining the upper and lower stiles, and the usage pattern of the fittings and the like. Accordingly, it can be provided in a part of the longitudinal direction of the metal vertical frame 231 that requires special reinforcement.
A thermal expansion member f is arranged on the finding surface 71a of the reinforcing member 71.
外障子3の召合框(右縦框)34は、アルミ形材からなる縦框本体部34aと、縦框本体部34aの室外側の内周より内周方向に延設される室外側壁部34bと、縦框本体部34aの室内側の内周より内周方向に延設される室内側壁部34cと、縦框本体部34aの室内側に形成されて煙返しを構成する突片34dとから構成されている。
そして、室外側壁部34b及び室内側壁部34cによって、召合框34の内周に開口するガラス間口が形成されており、ガラス間口には、火災時に室外側壁部34b若しくは室内側壁部34cが溶融した際にガラス等のパネル材35が落下することを防止するスチールやステンレス等鋼製の薄板からなる補強部材62が配置されており、その内周にはグレチャン82を介してパネル材35が装着されている。
ガラス間口のグレチャン82の外周部や補強部材62周辺の適宜位置には熱膨張部材fが配置されている。
The combined stile (right vertical stile) 34 of the outer sash 3 is a vertical stile main body 34a made of an aluminum profile and an outdoor wall portion extending in the inner peripheral direction from the inner circumference of the outer side of the vertical stile main body 34a. 34b, an indoor side wall portion 34c extending in the inner peripheral direction from the inner circumference of the vertical frame main body 34a on the indoor side, and a projecting piece 34d formed on the indoor side of the vertical frame main body 34a to form a smoke return. It is composed of.
Then, the outdoor wall portion 34b and the indoor side wall portion 34c form a glass frontage that opens to the inner circumference of the joining stile 34, and the outdoor side wall portion 34b or the indoor side wall portion 34c melts in the glass frontage at the time of fire. A reinforcing member 62 made of a thin plate made of steel such as steel or stainless steel is arranged to prevent the panel material 35 such as glass from falling at the time, and the panel material 35 is mounted on the inner circumference thereof via the Grechan 82. ing.
The thermal expansion member f is arranged at an appropriate position around the outer peripheral portion of the Grechan 82 of the glass frontage and the reinforcing member 62.
召合框(右縦框)34の縦框本体部34aの中空部内には、アルミ製の補強部材74が縦框の長手方向に沿って挿入されている。補強部材74は、中空部内の室外側に配置される見付面74a及び見付面74aの左右端から室内側に向けて連続する左右の見込面74b,74cからなる断面略U字形状の長尺部材からなり、見付面74aの左端に連続する見込面74cがガラス間口に配置される鋼製の補強部材62とともに、召合框34のガラス間口の底部にネジ等の固定手段によって連結固定されている。そして、補強部材74は、上下框との接合に影響を及ぼすなど特段の事情がなければ、できるだけ召合框(右縦框)34の長手方向の広範囲に亘って配置することが好ましく、少なくともガラス間口の全長に亘って配置できる長さを有することが好ましい。もっとも、補強部材74に上下框との接合に必要なネジ孔を設けるなどの処理を施すことにより召合框(右縦框)34の略全長に亘って設けることも可能であり、また、建具の使用形態等に応じて、特に補強が必要となる召合框(右縦框)34の長手方向の一部区間に設けることも可能である。
なお、補強部材74の見付面74aには、熱膨張部材fが配置されている。
An aluminum reinforcing member 74 is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the vertical stile into the hollow portion of the vertical stile main body 34a of the combined stile (right vertical stile) 34. The reinforcing member 74 has a substantially U-shaped cross section consisting of a finding surface 74a arranged on the outdoor side in the hollow portion and left and right prospecting surfaces 74b and 74c continuous from the left and right ends of the finding surface 74a toward the indoor side. The prospective surface 74c, which is composed of a scale member and is continuous with the left end of the finding surface 74a, is connected and fixed to the bottom of the glass frontage of the mating stile 34 by a fixing means such as a screw together with a steel reinforcing member 62 arranged at the glass frontage. Has been done. Unless there are special circumstances such as affecting the joining with the upper and lower stiles, the reinforcing member 74 is preferably arranged over a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the merging stile (right vertical stile) 34, at least glass. It is preferable to have a length that can be arranged over the entire length of the frontage. However, it is also possible to provide the reinforcing member 74 over almost the entire length of the combined stile (right vertical stile) 34 by providing a screw hole necessary for joining the upper and lower stiles. It is also possible to provide it in a part of a section in the longitudinal direction of the combined stile (right vertical stile) 34, which requires special reinforcement, depending on the usage pattern and the like.
A thermal expansion member f is arranged on the finding surface 74a of the reinforcing member 74.
(戸先部の構成)
図3に示すように、内障子2の戸先框(右縦框)24は、アルミ形材からなる金属縦框241と、金属縦框241の室内側面と間隔を隔てて配置される樹脂縦框242とからなり、樹脂縦框242により金属縦框241が室内に露出するのを防止するとともに、金属縦框241の外周面に断熱空間を形成することで断熱性能を向上させている。
金属縦框241は、中空部を備える縦框本体部241aと、縦框本体部241aの室外端内周より内周方向に延設される室外側壁部241bと、縦框本体部241aの室外側及び室内側外周より外周方向に延設される室外側戸先壁部241c及び室内側戸先壁部241dとにより構成されており、室外側戸先壁部241cの室内側には、縦枠14との間を気密する気密材s1が配置されている。
(Composition of door end)
As shown in FIG. 3, the door end stile (right vertical stile) 24 of the internal shoji 2 is a resin vertical stile 241 made of an aluminum profile and a resin vertical stile arranged at intervals from the indoor side surface of the metal vertical stile 241. It is composed of a stile 242, and the resin vertical stile 242 prevents the metal vertical stile 241 from being exposed indoors, and a heat insulating space is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal vertical stile 241 to improve the heat insulating performance.
The metal vertical stile 241 includes a vertical stile main body 241a having a hollow portion, an outdoor wall portion 241b extending in the inner peripheral direction from the inner circumference of the outdoor end of the vertical stile main body 241a, and the outdoor side of the vertical stile main body 241a. It is composed of an outdoor door front wall portion 241c and an indoor door front wall portion 241d extending in the outer peripheral direction from the indoor side outer circumference, and a vertical frame 14 is provided on the indoor side of the outdoor door front wall portion 241c. An airtight material s1 that is airtight is arranged between the two.
樹脂縦框242は、金属縦框241の室内側を覆う樹脂縦框本体部242aと、樹脂縦框本体部242aの内周に連続するガラス間口壁部242bとにより構成され、樹脂縦框本体部242aが縦框本体部241aの室内側に係止されることで金属縦框241と樹脂縦框242とが一体化され、金属縦框241の室外側壁部241bとガラス間口壁部242bとによってガラス間口が形成されている。
ガラス間口には、火災時に金属縦框241の室外側壁部241b若しくはガラス間口壁部242bが溶融した際にガラス等パネルが落下することを防止するスチールやステンレス等鋼製の薄板からなる補強部材63が配置されており、その内周にはグレチャン83を介してパネル材25が装着されている。ガラス間口に配置されたグレチャン83の外周部や補強部材63周辺の適宜位置に熱膨張部材fが配置されている。
The resin vertical stile 242 is composed of a resin vertical stile main body 242a that covers the indoor side of the metal vertical stile 241 and a glass frontage wall portion 242b that is continuous with the inner circumference of the resin vertical stile main body 242a. The metal vertical stile 241 and the resin vertical stile 242 are integrated by locking the 242a to the indoor side of the vertical stile main body 241a, and the glass is formed by the outdoor wall portion 241b and the glass frontage wall portion 242b of the metal vertical stile 241. The frontage is formed.
The glass frontage is a reinforcing member 63 made of a thin steel plate such as steel or stainless steel that prevents a panel such as glass from falling when the outdoor wall portion 241b of the metal vertical frame 241 or the glass frontage wall portion 242b melts in the event of a fire. Is arranged, and a panel material 25 is attached to the inner circumference thereof via a Grechan 83. The thermal expansion member f is arranged at an appropriate position around the outer peripheral portion of the Grechan 83 and the reinforcing member 63 arranged at the frontage of the glass.
金属縦框241の縦框本体部241aの中空部内には、アルミ製の補強部材73が縦框の長手方向に亘って挿入されている。補強部材73は、縦框本体部241aの中空部の内周側見込み面に沿う見込面73aと、見込面73aの室内側端及び室外側端から外周方向に向かって連続する室内側の見付面73b及び室外側の見付面73cとからなる断面略U字形状の長尺部材からなり、見込面73aがガラス間口に配置される鋼製の補強部材63とともにネジ等の固定手段によって縦框本体部241aに連結固定されている。そして、補強部材73は、上下框との接合に影響を及ぼすなど特段の事情がなければ、できるだけ金属縦框241の長手方向の広範囲に亘って配置することが好ましく、少なくともガラス間口の全長に亘って配置できる長さを有することが好ましい。もっとも、補強部材73に上下框との接合に必要なネジ孔を設けるなどの処理を施すことにより金属縦框241の略全長に亘って設けることも可能であり、また、建具の使用形態等に応じて、特に補強が必要となる金属縦框241の長手方向の一部区間に設けることも可能である。 An aluminum reinforcing member 73 is inserted in the hollow portion of the vertical frame main body portion 241a of the metal vertical frame 241 in the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame. The reinforcing member 73 has a prospective surface 73a along the inner peripheral side prospective surface of the hollow portion of the vertical frame main body 241a, and an indoor side finding that is continuous from the indoor side end and the outdoor side end of the prospective surface 73a toward the outer peripheral direction. It is composed of a long member having a substantially U-shaped cross section consisting of a surface 73b and a finding surface 73c on the outdoor side, and the prospective surface 73a is a vertical frame with a steel reinforcing member 63 arranged at the glass frontage by a fixing means such as a screw. It is connected and fixed to the main body portion 241a. Unless there are special circumstances such as affecting the joining with the upper and lower stiles, the reinforcing member 73 is preferably arranged over a wide range in the longitudinal direction of the metal vertical stile 241 as much as possible, and at least over the entire length of the glass frontage. It is preferable to have a length that can be arranged. However, it is also possible to provide the reinforcing member 73 over almost the entire length of the metal vertical stile 241 by providing a screw hole necessary for joining the upper and lower stiles, and the usage pattern of the fittings and the like. Accordingly, it can be provided in a part of the longitudinal direction of the metal vertical frame 241 which requires special reinforcement.
(本発明の実施形態の建具の特徴)
以上の本発明の実施形態の建具は、アルミ形材からなる縦框本体部の中空部内に配置される補強部材が、アルミ製である点に特徴がある。
アルミ形材からなる枠材や框材(例えば召合框34)を補強部材を用いて補強するに際しては、図4(b)に示すように、アルミニウムの弱点を補うことのできる強度や耐熱性の高いスチール等鋼材からなる補強部材sを用いることが普通であった。あえて鋼製の補強部材sを用いないとしても、少なくともアルミニウムと同等以上の強度や耐熱性を有する材料で補強部材を形成し、枠材や框材に固定することが常識であった。
枠材や框材を同じ材料であるアルミニウムにより補強することを考えれば、図4(a)に示すように、枠材や框材に補強部材の肉厚と同等の肉厚を追加して肉厚部分を形成することが製造面やコスト面からも有利であり、あえてアルミ製の補強部材を別体に形成して枠材や框材を補強することは全く考えられていなかった。
(Characteristics of Joinery according to the Embodiment of the present invention)
The fitting of the embodiment of the present invention described above is characterized in that the reinforcing member arranged in the hollow portion of the vertical frame main body made of an aluminum profile is made of aluminum.
When reinforcing a frame material or a frame material (for example, a combined frame 34) made of an aluminum profile by using a reinforcing member, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the strength and heat resistance that can compensate for the weak points of aluminum. It was common to use a reinforcing member s made of a high-grade steel material such as steel. Even if the steel reinforcing member s is not used, it is common sense to form the reinforcing member with a material having at least the same strength and heat resistance as aluminum and fix it to the frame material or the frame material.
Considering that the frame material and the frame material are reinforced with aluminum, which is the same material, as shown in FIG. 4A, the wall thickness equivalent to the wall thickness of the reinforcing member is added to the frame material and the frame material. Forming a thick portion is advantageous from the viewpoint of manufacturing and cost, and it has never been considered to dare to form a reinforcing member made of aluminum separately to reinforce the frame material or the frame material.
本発明の実施形態の建具は、アルミ形材からなる枠材や框材を補強するに際し、通常は採用しないアルミ製の補強部材をあえて用いて補強することにより、補強部材としてスチール等鋼材を用いることにより生じる問題を解決することができ、かつ、火災時において十分な遮炎性能を確保することができることを見いだし、発明に到ったものである。 In the fitting of the embodiment of the present invention, when reinforcing a frame material or a frame material made of an aluminum profile, a steel material such as steel is used as a reinforcing member by intentionally using an aluminum reinforcing member which is not normally used. It was found that the problem caused by this can be solved and sufficient flame insulation performance can be ensured in the event of a fire, and the invention was made.
−温度シミュレーション−
アルミ製の補強部材による補強の鋼製の補強部材による補強に対する優位性を推測するために、アルミ製の補強部材により補強された框材に、火災時にどのような温度変化が生じるかについて、シミュレーションによる解析を行った。
シミュレーションは、汎用CFD(数値流体力学)ソフトを用いて行った。計算は2次元で行い非定常輻射熱伝導解析とした。空気は本来流体であるが計算においては固体として計算を行っている。境界条件として解析対象から100mm離れた位置での温度を標準加熱曲線(ISO834)に準じた温度曲線による温度として設定してその部分からの輻射熱が框材の加熱面に与えられると設定した。放熱面は外部との熱の授受を仮定した温度(20℃)及び熱伝達係数(5W/(m2・K))にて行うモデルとして設定し、30分まで加熱した際の框材及び補強部材の温度を求めた。使用した標準加熱曲線(ISO834)を図8に示す。
-Temperature simulation-
In order to estimate the superiority of the reinforcement by the aluminum reinforcing member over the reinforcement by the steel reinforcing member, a simulation of what kind of temperature change occurs in the frame material reinforced by the aluminum reinforcing member in the event of a fire is simulated. The analysis was performed by.
The simulation was performed using general-purpose CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software. The calculation was performed in two dimensions and used as an unsteady radiant heat conduction analysis. Although air is originally a fluid, it is calculated as a solid in the calculation. As a boundary condition, the temperature at a position 100 mm away from the analysis target was set as the temperature according to the temperature curve according to the standard heating curve (ISO834), and the radiant heat from that portion was set to be given to the heating surface of the frame material. The heat dissipation surface is set as a model that assumes heat transfer to and from the outside at a temperature (20 ° C) and a heat transfer coefficient (5 W / (m 2 · K)), and the frame material and reinforcement when heated to 30 minutes. The temperature of the member was calculated. The standard heating curve used (ISO834) is shown in FIG.
シミュレーションは、本願発明の実施例として、厚さ2mmのアルミ製の補強部材aを用いて補強した框材(case1)、比較対象として、厚さ1.6mmの鋼製の補強部材sを用いて補強した従来の防火サッシの障子の框材(case2)、及び 、アルミ製の補強部材相当の肉厚t(2mm)が追加された厚肉の框材ktからなる補強部材一体型の框材(case3)について行った。 In the simulation, as an example of the present invention, a stile material (case 1) reinforced by using an aluminum reinforcing member a having a thickness of 2 mm is used, and as a comparison target, a steel reinforcing member s having a thickness of 1.6 mm is used. Reinforcing member integrated stile material (case2) consisting of a reinforced conventional fireproof sash shoji stile (case2) and a thick sash kt with a wall thickness t (2 mm) equivalent to that of an aluminum reinforcing member (case2). I went about case3).
上記case1ないしcase3に使用する框材k、厚肉框材kt及び補強部材a,sの構成を図6(a)ないし(c)に示す。
シミュレーションに用いる框材kは、基本部分については外障子の召合框をモデル化して31.4(見込み寸法)mm×20.0(見付け寸法)の断面矩形の中空構造の框材を想定し、見付け面の一方面を加熱面とし、他方面を放熱面とした。加熱面側の見付け面の肉厚を2.3mmとし、補強部材を固定しない側の見込み面と放熱面の肉厚を1.1mmとし、補強部材を固定する側の見込み面の肉厚を1.0mmとした。框材の中空部の内径は、見込み寸法が28.0mm、見付け寸法が17.9mmである。
The configurations of the stile material k, the thick stile material kt, and the reinforcing members a and s used in the above cases 1 to 3 are shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C.
For the stile k used in the simulation, a hollow structure stile with a rectangular cross section of 31.4 (estimated size) mm x 20.0 (found size) is assumed by modeling the sash of the shoji for the basic part. One surface of the finding surface was used as a heating surface, and the other surface was used as a heat dissipation surface. The wall thickness of the found surface on the heating surface side is 2.3 mm, the wall thickness of the prospective surface and the heat dissipation surface on the side where the reinforcing member is not fixed is 1.1 mm, and the wall thickness of the prospective surface on the side where the reinforcing member is fixed is 1. It was set to 0.0 mm. The inner diameter of the hollow portion of the stile has an estimated size of 28.0 mm and a found size of 17.9 mm.
case1に使用する補強部材aは、厚さ2.0mmのアルミ製の略U字状板材とし、見込み寸法を27.0mm、見付け寸法を16.9mmとした。U字状板材の一側壁a2には、框材に固定するための固定部a4を有している。
case2に使用する補強部材sは、厚さ1.6mmの鋼製のU字状板材とし、case1のアルミ製の補強部材aと同様に、見込み寸法を27.0mm、見付け寸法を16.9mmとした。U字状板材の一側壁s2には、框材に固定するための固定部s4を有している。
case1及びcase2の補強部材a,sは、略U字状の底部a1,s1を框材kの加熱面側の見付け面に対向させて挿入され、略U字状の一側壁a2,s2の固定部a4,s4を框材の一方側の見込み面に密着させて固定し、固定部分以外の部分については表面の凹凸等による非接触を想定して0.5mmの間隔d2を設定している。
The reinforcing member a used in case 1 was a substantially U-shaped plate made of aluminum having a thickness of 2.0 mm, with an estimated dimension of 27.0 mm and a found dimension of 16.9 mm. One side wall a2 of the U-shaped plate material has a fixing portion a4 for fixing to the stile material.
The reinforcing member s used in case 2 is a U-shaped plate made of steel with a thickness of 1.6 mm, and like the aluminum reinforcing member a in case 1, the estimated dimension is 27.0 mm and the found dimension is 16.9 mm. did. One side wall s2 of the U-shaped plate material has a fixing portion s4 for fixing to the stile material.
The reinforcing members a and s of case 1 and case 2 are inserted so that the substantially U-shaped bottoms a1 and s1 face the finding surface on the heating surface side of the stile k, and the substantially U-shaped one side wall a2 and s2 are fixed. The parts a4 and s4 are fixed in close contact with the prospective surface on one side of the stile material, and the parts other than the fixed parts are set at a distance d2 of 0.5 mm on the assumption of non-contact due to surface irregularities and the like.
また、補強部材a,sの底部a1,s1と框材kの加熱面側の見付け面との間、及び、補強部材a,sの他側壁a3,s3と框材kの他方側の見込み面との間については、1.0mmの間隔d1を設定している。1.0mmの間隔d1をあけることで、框材kの熱が直接補強部材a,sに伝わり難くなり、補強部材a,sの温度上昇を抑制することができる。
なお、この約1.0mmの間隔d1は、框材kに対して補強部材a,sを挿入する際に必要となる遊びとして想定することもできる。
補強部材a,sの放熱面側の両端部は、框材kの放熱面側の見付け面に密着させた。
case3に使用する框材ktは、加熱面側の見付け面の肉厚を補強部材aの厚さ寸法分厚くした4.3(=2.3+2.0)mmとし、同様に、補強部材を固定しない側の見込み面と放熱面の肉厚を3.1(=1.1+2.0)mmとし、補強部材を固定する側の見込み面の肉厚を3.0(=1.0+2.0)mmとした。
Further, between the bottoms a1 and s1 of the reinforcing members a and s and the finding surface on the heating surface side of the stile material k, and the other side walls a3 and s3 of the reinforcing members a and s and the prospective surface on the other side of the stile material k. A distance d1 of 1.0 mm is set between the two. By leaving an interval d1 of 1.0 mm, the heat of the stile member k is less likely to be directly transferred to the reinforcing members a and s, and the temperature rise of the reinforcing members a and s can be suppressed.
The interval d1 of about 1.0 mm can be assumed as a play required when the reinforcing members a and s are inserted into the stile member k.
Both ends of the reinforcing members a and s on the heat radiating surface side were brought into close contact with the finding surface of the stile material k on the heat radiating surface side.
The stile material kt used in case 3 has a wall thickness of the found surface on the heating surface side of 4.3 (= 2.3 + 2.0) mm, which is thickened by the thickness of the reinforcing member a, and similarly, the reinforcing member is not fixed. The wall thickness of the prospective surface and the heat dissipation surface on the side is 3.1 (= 1.1 + 2.0) mm, and the wall thickness of the prospective surface on the side where the reinforcing member is fixed is 3.0 (= 1.0 + 2.0) mm. And said.
比較対象であるcase2の補強部材sの肉厚として1.6mmを選択した理由は、規格の鋼材の中から框内に配置する補強部材としての加工性(曲げ加工のしやすさ)及び施工性(框内にネジによって確実に固定するに十分な厚さ)により決定しており、従来の防火サッシに用いられている補強部材と同じものである。
また、本願発明の実施例であるcase1の補強部材aの肉厚として2.0mmを選択した理由は、case2に対する重量的な優位性が十分に発揮できるか否かに基づいて選択した。
具体的には、実際に補強部材(長さ=1261mm)として形成した際に、case2の肉厚1.6mmの鋼材からなる補強部材(質量:約1.054kg)に対して、その半分以下の質量の補強部材として、肉厚2.0mmのアルミ製の補強部材(質量:約0.445kg)を用いた。
The reason for selecting 1.6 mm as the wall thickness of the reinforcing member s of case 2 to be compared is the workability (easiness of bending) and workability as a reinforcing member to be placed in the stile from the standard steel materials. It is determined by (thickness sufficient to be securely fixed in the frame with screws), and is the same as the reinforcing member used in the conventional fire prevention sash.
Further, the reason why 2.0 mm was selected as the wall thickness of the reinforcing member a of case 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention was selected based on whether or not the weight advantage over case 2 can be sufficiently exhibited.
Specifically, when actually formed as a reinforcing member (length = 1261 mm), it is less than half of the reinforcing member (mass: about 1.054 kg) made of steel with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm in case 2. As the mass reinforcing member, an aluminum reinforcing member (mass: about 0.445 kg) having a wall thickness of 2.0 mm was used.
case毎に、図6(a)ないし(c)に示す、框材の加熱面表面温度A1ないしA3、補強部材温度B1ないしB3及び放熱面温度C1ないしC3を加熱開始から5分毎に求め、表1にまとめた。 For each case, the heating surface surface temperatures A1 to A3 of the frame material, the reinforcing member temperatures B1 to B3, and the heat radiation surface temperatures C1 to C3 shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C were obtained every 5 minutes from the start of heating. It is summarized in Table 1.
上記表1から、以下の点が分かる。
(1)鋼製の補強部材sによる補強を行ったcase2 については、加熱開始10分の時点で框材kの加熱面表面温度A2が391.9℃であるのに対して補強部材温度B2が370.1℃であり、アルミ製の框材kの熱伸びと鋼製の補強部材sの熱伸びとの間に差が生じていると考えられる。
具体的には、框材kの長さを2000mmと仮定すると、アルミニウムの熱膨張係数(23.0(10−6/℃))とスチールの熱膨張係数(12.1(10−6/℃))とから、框材部分の熱伸びが17.1mm(=23.0×10−6×2000×(391.9−20))であるのに対して、鋼製の補強部材sの熱伸びは8.5mm(=12.1×10−6×2000×(370.1−20))であり、10mm程度の熱伸びの差が生じることとなる。
これに対し、本願発明であるcase1 は、補強部材aが框材kと同じ材料であるため、補強部材aの熱伸びと框材kの熱伸びとの差は、ほとんどないと考えられる。具体的には、框材kの熱伸びが15.6mm(=23.0×2000×(359.0−20))であるのに対して、アルミ製の補強部材aの熱伸びは14.7(=23.0×2000×(340.2−20))であり、熱伸びの差は1mm以下にとどまっている。
The following points can be seen from Table 1 above.
(1) In case 2 reinforced by the steel reinforcing member s, the heating surface surface temperature A2 of the stile material k was 391.9 ° C. at 10 minutes after the start of heating, whereas the reinforcing member temperature B2 was high. The temperature is 370.1 ° C., and it is considered that there is a difference between the thermal elongation of the aluminum frame material k and the thermal elongation of the steel reinforcing member s.
Specifically, assuming that the length of the stile k is 2000 mm, the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum (23.0 ( 10-6 / ° C)) and the coefficient of thermal expansion of steel (12.1 ( 10-6 / ° C)) )), While the thermal expansion of the stile part is 17.1 mm (= 23.0 × 10-6 × 2000 × (391.9-20)), the heat of the steel reinforcing member s The elongation is 8.5 mm (= 12.1 × 10-6 × 2000 × (370.1-20)), and a difference in thermal expansion of about 10 mm occurs.
On the other hand, in case 1 of the present invention, since the reinforcing member a is made of the same material as the stile material k, it is considered that there is almost no difference between the thermal elongation of the reinforcing member a and the thermal elongation of the stile material k. Specifically, the heat elongation of the stile material k is 15.6 mm (= 23.0 × 2000 × (359.0-20)), whereas the heat elongation of the aluminum reinforcing member a is 14. 7 (= 23.0 × 2000 × (340.2-20)), and the difference in thermal elongation is less than 1 mm.
(2)加熱開始30分経過後には、本願発明の実施例であるcase1は、加熱面表面温度A1が、642.2℃であり、補強部材温度B1が、611.9℃であるのに対し、鋼製の補強部材sによる補強を行ったcase2は、加熱面表面温度A2が、671.0℃であり、補強部材温度B2が650.1℃であって、case1に比べてともに高い温度に達している。これは、鋼製の補強部材sの体積、材料の比熱、熱伝導率等の差によって生じるものであると考えられる。
スチールの融点は、1539℃であることから、補強部材sは溶融することはないが、框材kの加熱面表面温度A2がアルミニウムの融点(660℃)を超えているため、case2においては、加熱開始30分経過後には、アルミ製の框材kは溶融し始める。
(3)框材ktをアルミの一体物として形成したcase3においては、補強部材温度C3は、加熱面表面温度A3とほぼ同じであるのに対して、本願発明の実施例である case1 においては、加熱面表面温度A1についてはcase3に比べて高いものの、補強部材温度B1については、加熱開始から30分経過後に至るまで、case3の補強部材温度B3に比べて約10℃ほど低く抑えられている。
框材kと補強部材aとの間の接触熱抵抗や間隙によって、補強部材aに対する熱の伝達が妨げられて補強部材aの温度上昇を抑制していると考えられる。
補強部材aの温度上昇が抑制されることにより、補強部材aが溶融温度に達するのを遅らせることとなる。
以上、シミュレーションによる推測であり、上記事象が実際の框材において必ずしも現れるものではないが、実際の框材においても同様の傾向になると考えられる。
(2) After 30 minutes from the start of heating, in case 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention, the heating surface surface temperature A1 is 642.2 ° C. and the reinforcing member temperature B1 is 611.9 ° C. In case 2 reinforced by the steel reinforcing member s, the heating surface surface temperature A2 is 671.0 ° C. and the reinforcing member temperature B2 is 650.1 ° C., both of which are higher than those of case 1. Has reached. It is considered that this is caused by the difference in the volume of the steel reinforcing member s, the specific heat of the material, the thermal conductivity, and the like.
Since the melting point of steel is 1539 ° C., the reinforcing member s does not melt, but since the heating surface surface temperature A2 of the stile material k exceeds the melting point of aluminum (660 ° C.), in case 2, After 30 minutes from the start of heating, the aluminum frame material k begins to melt.
(3) In case 3 in which the frame material kt is formed as an integral body of aluminum, the reinforcing member temperature C3 is almost the same as the heating surface surface temperature A3, whereas in case 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing member temperature C3 is almost the same. Although the surface temperature A1 of the heated surface is higher than that of case 3, the reinforcing member temperature B1 is suppressed to about 10 ° C. lower than that of the reinforcing member temperature B3 of case 3 from the start of heating until 30 minutes later.
It is considered that the contact thermal resistance and the gap between the stile member k and the reinforcing member a hinder the heat transfer to the reinforcing member a and suppress the temperature rise of the reinforcing member a.
By suppressing the temperature rise of the reinforcing member a, the temperature rise of the reinforcing member a is delayed from reaching the melting temperature.
The above is a estimation by simulation, and the above phenomenon does not always appear in the actual frame material, but it is considered that the same tendency occurs in the actual frame material.
以上のシミュレーションによる検証からも推認できることであるが、図4(b)に示すように、火災時の框材の強度を向上させるために框材kの中空部内に鋼製の補強部材sを固定すると、火災時には、框材(召合框)kの室外側壁が直接火炎に晒されて溶融しても框材kの中空部内に固定された補強部材sが残存して障子の形状を所定時間維持することができる。しかし、たとえ補強部材sが維持されるとしても、框材kが早期に溶融することは、室内外の連通につながり好ましくない。
また、アルミニウムの熱膨張係数がスチールの熱膨張係数よりも非常に大きいため、火災発生後、熱によって框材kが伸びたときにその伸びが鋼製の補強部材sとのビス等による固定位置間(例えば400mm)で制限され、伸びが制限された分框材kが撓むことで、例えば、框材が戸先框である場合などには、図2に示す金属縦框241の室外側戸先壁部241cに配置された気密材s1が右縦枠14から離間してしまい、その離間箇所から火炎や煙が侵入する危険性があった。
As can be inferred from the verification by the above simulation, as shown in FIG. 4B, the steel reinforcing member s is fixed in the hollow portion of the stile material k in order to improve the strength of the stile material in the event of a fire. Then, in the event of a fire, even if the outdoor wall of the stile material (combined stile) k is directly exposed to the flame and melted, the reinforcing member s fixed in the hollow portion of the stile material k remains and the shape of the shoji is changed for a predetermined time. Can be maintained. However, even if the reinforcing member s is maintained, it is not preferable that the stile k melts at an early stage because it leads to communication between indoors and outdoors.
Further, since the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum is much larger than the coefficient of thermal expansion of steel, when the stile k is stretched by heat after a fire, the stretch is fixed to the steel reinforcing member s by a screw or the like. When the stile material k, which is limited by the space (for example, 400 mm) and whose elongation is limited, bends, for example, when the stile material is a door-to-door stile, the outdoor side of the metal vertical stile 241 shown in FIG. The airtight material s1 arranged on the door end wall portion 241c is separated from the right vertical frame 14, and there is a risk that flame or smoke may invade from the separated portion.
また、例えば図5(a)に示すように、框材kの伸びLkと補強部材sの伸びLsとの伸び量の差(Lk−Ls)により両者を固定しているネジ等の固定手段に大きな力が加わり、その結果、補強部材sを固定するために框材kのガラス間口の底部に設けられたネジ孔hが広がって長孔部分Hが形成されてしまい、形成された長孔部分Hからガラス等パネル体をシールするシール剤等が燃焼することより発生する有毒なガスが漏れ出す危険性があった。
また、通常使用時においても、アルミニウムと鋼との電位の差により、建具の長期に亘る使用によりアルミ形材である框材kに電位腐食が生じる可能性があった。
Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5A, it can be used as a fixing means such as a screw that fixes both of them by the difference in the amount of elongation (Lk-Ls) between the elongation Lk of the frame material k and the elongation Ls of the reinforcing member s. A large force is applied, and as a result, the screw hole h provided at the bottom of the glass frontage of the frame material k for fixing the reinforcing member s expands to form the elongated hole portion H, and the formed elongated hole portion H. There was a risk of toxic gas leaking from H due to combustion of a sealing agent or the like that seals the panel body such as glass.
Further, even during normal use, there is a possibility that potential corrosion may occur in the frame material k, which is an aluminum profile, due to the difference in potential between aluminum and steel due to the long-term use of the fitting.
一方、図4(a)に示すように、框材kの強度を向上させるために単に補強部材aに相当する肉厚分だけ寸法を増加して肉厚t部分を形成すると、通常時における強度は向上するものの、火災時には、框材ktの室外側壁部が直接火炎に晒されることで室外側壁部の肉厚t部分全体が直接加熱されて溶融して障子の形状を保つことができない。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the thickness t portion is formed by simply increasing the size by the wall thickness corresponding to the reinforcing member a in order to improve the strength of the frame material k, the strength in the normal state is obtained. However, in the event of a fire, the outdoor wall portion of the stile material kt is directly exposed to the flame, so that the entire wall thickness t portion of the outdoor wall portion is directly heated and melted, and the shape of the shoji cannot be maintained.
これに対して、図4(c)に示すように、火災時の框材(例えば召合框)kの強度を向上させるために框材(例えば召合框)kの中空部内に別部材であるアルミ製の補強部材aを固定すると、火災時には、框材(例えば召合框)kの室外壁が直接火炎に晒されて加熱されるが、補強部材aは框材(例えば召合框)kと別部材であるので直接框材(例えば召合框)kの熱が伝達されない。そして、アルミ材とアルミ材との接触部における接触熱抵抗は、アルミ材と鋼材との接触部における接触熱抵抗よりも大きく、框材(例えば召合框)kと補強部材aとの接触部において比較的熱が伝わり難く、さらに、框材kの中空部内に配置される補強部材aを、框材kの中空部内壁に対して約1.0mmの間隔をあけて配置することにより、框材kとは別体物として形成され、中空部内に挿入されたアルミ製の補強部材aには、框材kの熱の伝達が抑制される。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), in order to improve the strength of the stile material (for example, the combined stile) k in the event of a fire, another member is used in the hollow portion of the stile material (for example, the combined stile) k. When a certain aluminum reinforcing member a is fixed, in the event of a fire, the outdoor wall of the frame material (for example, the combined frame) k is directly exposed to the flame and heated, but the reinforcing member a is the frame material (for example, the combined frame). Since it is a separate member from k, the heat of the stile material (for example, the combined stile) k is not directly transferred. The contact thermal resistance at the contact portion between the aluminum material and the aluminum material is larger than the contact thermal resistance at the contact portion between the aluminum material and the steel material, and the contact portion between the stile material (for example, the combined stile) k and the reinforcing member a In addition, heat is relatively difficult to transfer, and the reinforcing member a arranged in the hollow portion of the stile material k is arranged at an interval of about 1.0 mm with respect to the inner wall of the hollow portion of the stile material k. The heat transfer of the stile material k is suppressed to the aluminum reinforcing member a, which is formed as a separate body from the material k and is inserted into the hollow portion.
従って、火災時に火炎等により直接加熱される框材kは、経過時間に伴って加熱面表面温度A1が上昇するものの、框材kからの熱の伝達が抑制されたアルミ製の補強部材aは、補強部材部分を一体的にして厚肉に形成した框材ktの補強部材温度B3に比べて温度上昇が抑えられ、融点に達することが抑制され、障子の形状を維持することができ、十分な遮炎性能を確保することができる。
また、火災初期時においてアルミ製の補強部材aに火災時の熱が伝達して温度が上昇しても、補強部材aが框材kと同様にアルミ製であることから、框材kと補強部材aとの間に生じる伸び量の差は極小さく抑えることができる。それにより、火災初期時においては框材kと補強部材aとがともに同程度伸びることで框材kの撓みが抑えられて火災初期段階において框材kと枠間及び框材k同士間における気密の破壊を遅らせることができるとともに、補強部材aを固定するためのネジ孔等に過度の力が加わることがなく、ネジ孔に長孔部分Hが形成されるのを抑制することができる。
Therefore, in the frame material k that is directly heated by a flame or the like in the event of a fire, the heating surface surface temperature A1 rises with the elapsed time, but the aluminum reinforcing member a in which the heat transfer from the frame material k is suppressed is Compared to the reinforcing member temperature B3 of the stile material kt, which is formed by integrating the reinforcing member parts into a thick wall, the temperature rise is suppressed, the melting point is suppressed, the shape of the shoji can be maintained, and it is sufficient. Excellent flame insulation performance can be ensured.
Further, even if the heat at the time of fire is transferred to the aluminum reinforcing member a at the initial stage of the fire and the temperature rises, since the reinforcing member a is made of aluminum like the frame material k, it is reinforced with the frame material k. The difference in the amount of elongation generated between the member a and the member a can be suppressed to a very small size. As a result, at the initial stage of the fire, both the frame material k and the reinforcing member a are stretched to the same extent, so that the bending of the frame material k is suppressed, and the airtightness between the frame material k and the frame and between the frame materials k at the initial stage of the fire. It is possible to delay the destruction of the screw hole and prevent an elongated hole portion H from being formed in the screw hole without applying an excessive force to the screw hole or the like for fixing the reinforcing member a.
以上、補強部材をアルミ製にした場合における優位性について説明したが、補強部材をアルミ製にした建具の性能を確認するために、実物を用いた防火試験を行った。
防火試験は、建築基準法第2条第9号の二のロ(防火戸その他の政令で定める防火設備)に準じて行い、標準加熱曲線(ISO834)(図8)を用いて加熱した。
なお、防火試験では、図1における、外障子3の召合框34内に配置される補強部材74として、アルミ製の厚さ2mmの補強部材を使用し、外障子3の戸先框33内に配置される補強部材73及び内障子2の戸先框24、召合框23内に配置される補強部材71,72として、アルミ製の厚さ1.5mmの補強部材を使用した。
1.5mmのアルミ製の補強部材を使用することにより、補強部材の質量は、鋼製の補強部材の約3分の1にまで減少させることができる。
The superiority when the reinforcing member is made of aluminum has been explained above, but in order to confirm the performance of the fitting made of aluminum as the reinforcing member, a fire prevention test using an actual object was conducted.
The fire protection test was conducted in accordance with Article 2-9-2-b of the Building Standards Act (fire doors and other fire protection equipment specified by Cabinet Order), and heating was performed using a standard heating curve (ISO834) (Fig. 8).
In the fire protection test, an aluminum reinforcing member having a thickness of 2 mm was used as the reinforcing member 74 arranged in the sash 34 of the sash 3 in FIG. 1, and the sash 33 inside the door sash 33 of the sash 3 was used. As the reinforcing members 73 arranged in the above, the door end stile 24 of the inner shoji 2 and the reinforcing members 71 and 72 arranged in the sash 23, aluminum reinforcing members having a thickness of 1.5 mm were used.
By using a 1.5 mm aluminum reinforcing member, the mass of the reinforcing member can be reduced to about one-third that of the steel reinforcing member.
試験開始後、20分を経過しても、障子は崩落することなく、障子と框との隙間からの火炎の大きな漏れ等は確認できず、アルミ製の補強部材による補強が十分実用に耐えられることが分かった。
防火試験終了後に、障子の框材kの加熱面表面を確認すると、図7に示すように、加熱された框材kは溶融が進んでおり、見込み面については、一部(A)は框材kが溶け残っていたが、見付け面に近い部分(C)の框材は溶け落ちて中空部に配置された補強部材が露出していた。框材kの見付け面の部分(B)はほぼ溶け落ちてアルマイト層のみが表面に残っていた。
框材kから露出していたアルミ製の補強部材は、比較的原形に近い形で框材の中空部内に留まっていることが確認できた。
Even 20 minutes after the start of the test, the shoji did not collapse, and no large leakage of flame from the gap between the shoji and the stile could be confirmed, and the reinforcement with the aluminum reinforcing member was sufficiently practical. It turned out.
After the fire protection test was completed, the surface of the heated stile k of the shoji was checked. As shown in FIG. 7, the heated stile k was melted, and a part (A) of the prospective surface was a stile. Although the material k remained undissolved, the stile material in the portion (C) near the finding surface was melted down and the reinforcing member arranged in the hollow portion was exposed. The portion (B) of the found surface of the stile k was almost melted down, and only the alumite layer remained on the surface.
It was confirmed that the aluminum reinforcing member exposed from the stile material k remained in the hollow portion of the stile material in a shape relatively close to the original shape.
以上のように、アルミ形材からなる框材を別部材からなるアルミ製の補強部材により補強してなる本発明は、火災時における遮炎性能を確保することができる。そして、鋼製の補強部材を用いるよりも全体を軽量に仕上げることができる。
一例をあげれば、腰窓サイズ(W1650,H1300)のサッシでは、縦框内に配置する補強部材を鋼製の補強部材(厚さ1.6mm)からアルミ製の補強部材(外障子召合框用:厚さ2.0mm、外障子戸先框及び内障子召合框、戸先框用:厚さ1.5mm)に変更することにより、質量を約2.3kg減少させることができ、框体の総重量としては、12.2kgから9.9kgに軽量化することできる。
また、テラスサイズ(W1650,H2200)のサッシでは、縦框内に配置する補強部材を鋼製の補強部材(厚さ1.6mm)からアルミ製の補強部材(外障子召合框用:厚さ2.0mm、外障子戸先框及び内障子召合框、戸先框用:厚さ1.5mm)に変更することにより、質量を約4.0kg減少させることができ、框体の総重量としては、18.2kgから14.2kgに軽量化することできる。
As described above, the present invention in which the frame material made of an aluminum profile is reinforced by an aluminum reinforcing member made of another member can secure the flame shielding performance in the event of a fire. Then, the whole can be finished to be lighter than using a steel reinforcing member.
For example, in a sash of waist window size (W1650, H1300), the reinforcing member to be arranged in the vertical stile is changed from a steel reinforcing member (thickness 1.6 mm) to an aluminum reinforcing member (external shoji sash). For: 2.0 mm thick, outer sash door tip sash and inner shoji sash, for door sash: 1.5 mm thick), the mass can be reduced by about 2.3 kg, and the sash The total weight of the body can be reduced from 12.2 kg to 9.9 kg.
Further, in the terrace size (W1650, H2200) sash, the reinforcing member to be arranged in the vertical frame is changed from a steel reinforcing member (thickness 1.6 mm) to an aluminum reinforcing member (for shoji shoji sash: thickness). By changing to 2.0 mm, outer shoji door tip sash and inner shoji sash, for door tip stile: thickness 1.5 mm), the mass can be reduced by about 4.0 kg, and the total weight of the sash can be reduced. As a result, the weight can be reduced from 18.2 kg to 14.2 kg.
また、補強部材をアルミ製とすることにより、框材と同様にアルミの押出形成により製造することができるので、形材を製造する設備を用いて補強部材を製造することができて製造コストを抑えることができる。また、アルミの押出形成により複雑な断面形状に対応することができ、種々の建具の補強部材に対応させることができる。 Further, since the reinforcing member is made of aluminum, it can be manufactured by extrusion formation of aluminum in the same manner as the stile material, so that the reinforcing member can be manufactured by using the equipment for manufacturing the profile, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. It can be suppressed. Further, by extruding aluminum, it is possible to cope with a complicated cross-sectional shape, and it is possible to correspond to a reinforcing member of various fittings.
さらに、スチールとアルミとの熱膨張率の相違により生じる弊害を防止し、スチールとアルミとの電位差による生じる腐食のリスクを低減することができるものであって、格別の効果を奏するものである。 Further, it is possible to prevent adverse effects caused by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between steel and aluminum, reduce the risk of corrosion caused by the potential difference between steel and aluminum, and exert a special effect.
なお、本発明の補強部材による補強技術は、枠材や框材の中空部内に配置される補強部材のみならず、枠材や框材のガラス間口(パネル間口)内に配置される補強部材等の中空部以外の部位に配置されている補強部材にも採用することができる。
例えば、上記実施形態において、スチールやステンレス等の鋼製の補強部材61,62,63をアルミ製の補強部材により構成することができる。
In the reinforcing technique using the reinforcing member of the present invention, not only the reinforcing member arranged in the hollow portion of the frame material or the frame material, but also the reinforcing member arranged in the glass frontage (panel frontage) of the frame material or the frame material, etc. It can also be used for reinforcing members arranged in parts other than the hollow portion of the.
For example, in the above embodiment, the reinforcing members 61, 62, 63 made of steel such as steel or stainless steel can be made of the reinforcing members made of aluminum.
(他の実施形態)
本発明のアルミ製の補強部材による補強技術は、引違い窓だけでなく、開き窓やすべり出し窓等の様々な窓種に適用できるものであるが、該補強技術の適用は窓に限るものではなく、アルミ形材により形成される種々の建材に用いることができ、例えば、防火シャッター装置に適用することができる。
(Other embodiments)
The reinforcing technique using the aluminum reinforcing member of the present invention can be applied not only to sliding windows but also to various window types such as hinged windows and sliding windows, but the application of the reinforcing technique is not limited to windows. It can be used for various building materials formed of aluminum profiles, and can be applied to, for example, a fire shutter device.
シャッター装置9は、図9に示すように、引き違い窓等の内、外障子2,3の室外側に配置されており、開閉窓の縦枠13,14を兼用する側壁93,94の室外側に配置されたガイドレール95,96によって、シャッターカーテン97を構成するスラットの端部972が案内して開閉することができる。 As shown in FIG. 9, the shutter device 9 is arranged outside the sliding doors 2 and 3 inside the sliding window and the like, and the chambers of the side walls 93 and 94 that also serve as the vertical frames 13 and 14 of the opening / closing window. The guide rails 95 and 96 arranged on the outside can guide the end portion 972 of the slat constituting the shutter curtain 97 to open and close.
ガイドレール95は、図10に示すように、内周方向に開口する案内溝951を有しており、ガイドレール95の案内溝951内には、室外壁部75a及び外周壁部75bを備える断面略L字形のアルミ製の補強部材75がガイドレール95の長手方向の略全長に亘って配置されている。そして、補強部材75は、外周壁部75bが案内溝951の底壁951aにビス等の固定手段bによって固定されることでガイドレール95を補強して、火災時の火炎等によってシャッター装置9のガイドレール95が熔解しても、見込み方向に連通する孔があくことを防いでいる。 As shown in FIG. 10, the guide rail 95 has a guide groove 951 that opens in the inner peripheral direction, and a cross section including an outdoor wall portion 75a and an outer peripheral wall portion 75b in the guide groove 951 of the guide rail 95. A substantially L-shaped reinforcing member 75 made of aluminum is arranged over substantially the entire length of the guide rail 95 in the longitudinal direction. Then, the reinforcing member 75 reinforces the guide rail 95 by fixing the outer peripheral wall portion 75b to the bottom wall 951a of the guide groove 951 by a fixing means b such as a screw, and the shutter device 9 is affected by a flame or the like at the time of a fire. Even if the guide rail 95 is melted, it prevents holes that communicate in the prospective direction.
なお、案内溝951内の補強部材75の室外壁部75aの室内側には、スラット971の端部972を案内する内周方向に開口する溝状のガイドレール補助部材952が配置されている。
そして、ガイドレール補助部材952の室内側壁952aは、内周方向に延設されており、補強部材75の室外壁部75aの内周端部及びガイドレール補助部材952の室内側壁952aの内周端部には、加熱により膨張する加熱膨張材fが対向するように配置されている。
A groove-shaped guide rail auxiliary member 952 that opens in the inner peripheral direction for guiding the end portion 972 of the slat 971 is arranged on the indoor side of the outdoor wall portion 75a of the reinforcing member 75 in the guide groove 951.
The indoor side wall 952a of the guide rail auxiliary member 952 extends in the inner peripheral direction, and the inner peripheral end of the outdoor wall portion 75a of the reinforcing member 75 and the inner peripheral end of the indoor side wall 952a of the guide rail auxiliary member 952. The heat-expanding material f that expands by heating is arranged in the portion so as to face each other.
以上の本発明のアルミ製の補強部材の厚さは、特に限定されるものではないが、ネジ等の固定手段によって補強部材を框材に強固に固定するに必要な厚みが約1.5mm(ねじ山二つ分)であり、厚みが1.5mmの補強部材については、実験によって効果の確認ができていることから考えると、補強部材の厚みは、1.5mm以上であることが望ましい。
また、本実施形態においては、アルミ製の補強部材は、その断面形状が略U字状をなしているが、その断面形状はU字状に限定されるものではなく、ガラス間口の底部に取付けるための見込面と室内外方向の貫通を抑制するための見付面とを備えるものであれば、L字状や中空形状等その断面形状は限定されない。
The thickness of the aluminum reinforcing member of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the thickness required to firmly fix the reinforcing member to the frame material by a fixing means such as a screw is about 1.5 mm ( It is desirable that the thickness of the reinforcing member is 1.5 mm or more, considering that the effect of the reinforcing member having two threads) and a thickness of 1.5 mm has been confirmed by experiments.
Further, in the present embodiment, the aluminum reinforcing member has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape, but the cross-sectional shape is not limited to the U-shape and is attached to the bottom of the glass frontage. The cross-sectional shape is not limited, such as an L-shape or a hollow shape, as long as it has a prospective surface for the purpose and a finding surface for suppressing penetration in the indoor and outdoor directions.
さらに、框材とアルミ製の補強部材との間隔は、1.0mmに限定されるものではなく、例えば1.0mm以上の間隔をあけることができれば、より効果を期待できる。
また、本実施形態においては、障子の縦框に対してアルミ材からなる補強部材を配置、固定しており、比較的長尺となる縦框の変形を押さえることで障子全体の遮炎性能を向上させているが、補強部材を配置、固定する部位は、障子の縦框に限定されるものではなく、障子の上下框等の横框、窓枠の上下枠や無目等横枠、並びに左右縦枠や方立等縦枠のいずれの部位に配置、固定されるものでもよい。さらにいえば、窓枠や障子を構成するいずれの枠材や框材に配置しても、建具の遮炎性能を向上させることができる。
Further, the distance between the frame material and the aluminum reinforcing member is not limited to 1.0 mm, and more effects can be expected if, for example, a distance of 1.0 mm or more can be provided.
Further, in the present embodiment, a reinforcing member made of an aluminum material is arranged and fixed to the vertical stile of the shoji, and the flame insulation performance of the entire shoji is improved by suppressing the deformation of the relatively long vertical stile. Although it has been improved, the parts where the reinforcing members are placed and fixed are not limited to the vertical stiles of the shoji, but the horizontal stiles such as the upper and lower stiles of the shoji, the upper and lower frames of the window frame and the horizontal frames such as the blinds, and It may be arranged and fixed in any part of the vertical frame such as the left and right vertical frames and the mullion. Furthermore, the flame-shielding performance of the fittings can be improved regardless of the frame material or frame material constituting the window frame or shoji.
2 :内障子
3 :外障子
12a :室内側レール
12b :室外側レール
13 :(左)縦枠
131 :縦枠本体部
132 :取付片
14 :右縦枠
141 :縦枠本体部
142 :取付片
23 :召合框
231 :金属縦框
231a :縦框本体部
231b :室外側内周壁
231c :室内側内周壁
231d :突片
232 :樹脂縦框
232a :外周面部
232b :室内面部
24 :戸先框
241 :金属縦框
241a :縦框本体部
241b :室外側壁部
241c :室外側戸先壁部
241d :室内側戸先壁部
242 :樹脂縦框
242a :樹脂縦框本体部
242b :ガラス間口壁部
25 :パネル材
251 :ガラス
252 :ガラス
253 :スペーサ
254 :シール剤
33 :戸先框
34 :召合框
34a :縦框本体部
34b :室外側壁部
34c :室内側壁部
34d :突片
35 :パネル材
53 :カバー部材
53a :額部
54 :カバー部材
54a :額部
61 :補強部材
62 :補強部材
63 :補強部材
71 :補強部材
71a :見付面
71b :見込面
71c :見込面
72 :補強部材
73 :補強部材
73a :見込面
73b :見付面
73c :見付面
74 :補強部材
74a :見付面
74b :見込面
74c :見込面
81 :グレチャン
82 :グレチャン
83 :グレチャン
f :熱膨張部材
9 :シャッター装置
93 :側壁
94 :側壁
95 :ガイドレール
951 :案内溝
951a :底壁
952 :ガイドレール補助部材
952a :室内側壁
96 :ガイドレール
97 :シャッターカーテン
971 :スラット
972 :端部
2: Internal curtain 3: External curtain 12a: Indoor rail 12b: Outdoor rail 13: (Left) Vertical frame 131: Vertical frame main body 132: Mounting piece 14: Right vertical frame 141: Vertical frame main body 142: Mounting piece 23: Combined stile 231: Metal vertical stile 231a: Vertical stile body 231b: Outdoor inner peripheral wall 231c: Indoor inner peripheral wall 231d: Projection piece 232: Resin vertical stile 232a: Outer peripheral surface 232b: Indoor surface 24: Door end stile 241: Metal vertical rail 241a: Vertical rail main body 241b: Outdoor wall 241c: Outdoor door front wall 241d: Indoor side door wall 242: Resin vertical rail 242a: Resin vertical rail main body 242b: Glass frontage wall 25: Panel material 251: Glass 252: Glass 253: Spacer 254: Sealing agent 33: Door end stile 34: Combined stile 34a: Vertical stile body 34b: Outdoor wall 34c: Indoor side wall 34d: Projection 35: Panel Material 53: Cover member 53a: Forehead 54: Cover member 54a: Forehead 61: Reinforcing member 62: Reinforcing member 63: Reinforcing member 71: Reinforcing member 71a: Found surface 71b: Expected surface 71c: Expected surface 72: Reinforcing member 73: Reinforcing member 73a: Expected surface 73b: Found surface 73c: Found surface 74: Reinforcing member 74a: Found surface 74b: Expected surface 74c: Expected surface 81: Grechan 82: Grechan 83: Grechan f: Thermal expansion member 9 : Shutter device 93: Side wall 94: Side wall 95: Guide rail 951: Guide groove 951a: Bottom wall 952: Guide rail auxiliary member 952a: Interior side wall 96: Guide rail 97: Shutter curtain 971: Slat 972: End
Claims (1)
障子を構成する少なくともいずれかの框材は、中空部を有するアルミ製の框材本体部を有し、框材本体部の内周にガラス間口が形成されており、框材本体部の中空部内の略全長に亘ってアルミ製の補強部材が配置されているとともに、ガラス間口内にスチールまたはステンレス製の補強部材が配置されており、
中空部内の補強部材はガラス間口内の補強部材とともに框材本体部に連結固定されている
ことを特徴とする建具。 Comprising a window frame, which is disposed in an opening of a building becomes formed a frame member and a sash which is supported lifting with respect to the window frame becomes formed a rail members,
At least one of rail members constituting the disabled child, made of aluminum having a middle empty section rail members body portion has, and glass frontage is formed on the inner periphery of Kamachizai body portion of the rail members body portion Aluminum reinforcing members are arranged over almost the entire length of the hollow portion, and steel or stainless steel reinforcing members are arranged in the glass frontage.
A fitting characterized in that the reinforcing member in the hollow part is connected and fixed to the main body of the frame together with the reinforcing member in the glass frontage .
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JP7185205B2 (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2022-12-07 | 株式会社Lixil | double sliding sash |
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FR2696498B1 (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-11-25 | Nergeco Sa | Windproof flexible curtain handling door. |
US6065525A (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-05-23 | Overhead Door Corporation | Rollup door assembly |
JP2001146884A (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-29 | Bunka Shutter Co Ltd | Structure of guide rail for closing body |
JP3685674B2 (en) | 2000-02-07 | 2005-08-24 | トステム株式会社 | shutter |
US20090065156A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Roberts William G | Roller shutter |
JP5701168B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2015-04-15 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Article or member containing cured body of self-curing powder |
JP5951943B2 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2016-07-13 | 株式会社Lixil | Multi-layer glass panel, shoji, and opening device |
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