JP6784147B2 - A liquid feeding mechanism and a peritoneal dialysis machine including the liquid feeding mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid feeding mechanism for transferring a liquid such as dialysate, and a peritoneal dialysis machine including the liquid feeding mechanism.

Conventionally, a peritoneal dialysis apparatus has been proposed in which a dialysate is injected into the abdominal cavity of a patient and the injected dialysate is discharged after a lapse of a predetermined time to discharge waste products and the like contained in blood to the outside of the body (for example). , Patent Document 1). In such a peritoneal dialysis machine, a diaphragm-type pump having a high quantitative value is often used to transfer the dialysate. In a diaphragm type pump, a diaphragm (elastic membrane), which is an elastic membrane, is reciprocated by using a driving means such as an air pump to suck and discharge a liquid such as dialysate.

The liquid transfer amount in the diaphragm type pump can be calculated based on the number of round trips of the diaphragm and the discharge amount of the liquid per one round trip of the diaphragm. For example, in Patent Document 1, it is calculated based on the number of reciprocations of the piston with respect to the cylinder constituting the air pump corresponding to the number of reciprocations of the diaphragm and the capacity of the chamber corresponding to the discharge amount of the liquid per reciprocation of the diaphragm. Here, the number of reciprocations of the piston is detected by a position detecting means such as an encoder.

Further, in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus, since it is not desirable that bubbles are mixed in the dialysate injected into the abdominal cavity, a bubble sensor is generally provided in addition to the above-mentioned position detecting means (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ..

Japanese Patent No. 4951887 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-218131

As described above, in order to count the number of reciprocations of the diaphragm, the behavior of the pump that drives the diaphragm instead of the diaphragm, for example, the number of reciprocations of the piston was detected (see Patent Document 2). Therefore, if the behavior of the diaphragm and the behavior of the pump do not correspond to each other due to some cause, for example, damage to the diaphragm or malfunction of the pump, it is not possible to detect the actual operating state simply by detecting the behavior of the pump. It is enough.

Therefore, a sensor for detecting the behavior of the diaphragm may be provided, but providing a new configuration leads to an increase in cost.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid feeding mechanism provided with a detecting means capable of detecting the presence or absence of air bubbles and also detecting the behavior of the diaphragm, and a peritoneal dialysis machine provided with the liquid feeding mechanism.

The present invention has a pump chamber having a diaphragm and a liquid feeding opening through which liquid can enter and exit, and one end connected to the liquid feeding opening and the other end branched to provide a liquid supply source and a liquid, respectively. A flow cassette that includes a tube connected to the supply destination, a driving means for reciprocating the diaphragm with a constant stroke width, and a flow that opens and closes a flow path on the other end of the tube that is branched. A path opening / closing means and a reflective detecting means capable of irradiating a signal toward the detection region, detecting the reflected signal, and detecting the behavior of the reciprocating drive of the diaphragm and the presence / absence of air bubbles in the tube. With respect to the reciprocating direction of the diaphragm, the tube has an overlapping region that overlaps the diaphragm at the non-branched portion of the tube, and the detecting means of the tube so that the detecting region includes the overlapping region. The present invention relates to a liquid feeding mechanism arranged to face the non-branch portion.

Further, the liquid feeding cassette includes a hard container having a certain volume, and the inside of the hard container is divided into a pump chamber and a pressure chamber in which an opening for application is formed by the diaphragm. The driving means preferably includes a pump for moving a fluid in and out of the pressure chamber through the application opening, and a driving source for driving the pump.

Further, in the present invention, there is a pump chamber having a diaphragm and formed a liquid feeding opening through which dialysate can enter and exit, and one end connected to the liquid feeding opening and the other end branched to provide dialysate. A peritoneal dialysis machine to which a liquid feed cassette including a tube connected to a supply source or a dialysate supply destination can be attached, the driving means for reciprocating the diaphragm with a constant stroke width, and the tube. A flow path opening / closing means for opening / closing each of the branched flow paths on the other end side, a signal is irradiated toward the detection region, the reflected signal is detected, and the behavior of the reciprocating drive of the diaphragm and the air bubbles in the tube. The tube overlaps with the diaphragm in the non-branched portion of the tube in the reciprocating direction of the diaphragm in a state where the liquid feeding cassette is attached, provided with a reflective detecting means capable of detecting the presence or absence of the diaphragm. The detection means relates to a peritoneal dialysis machine having an overlapping region and arranged to face the non-branched portion of the tube so that the detection region includes the overlapping region.

Further, the liquid feeding cassette includes a hard container having a certain volume, and the inside of the hard container is divided into a pump chamber and a pressure chamber in which an opening for application is formed by the diaphragm. The driving means preferably includes a pump for moving a fluid in and out of the pressure chamber through the application opening, and a driving source for driving the pump.

Further, a calculation means for calculating the amount of liquid to be sent from the dialysate supply source to the dialysate supply destination is further provided, and the calculation means includes the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm detected by the detection means and the diaphragm. It is preferable to calculate the amount of dialysate to be delivered based on a certain amount of dialysate that is transferred each time it makes one round trip with a constant stroke width.

Further, the detection means is preferably a photoelectric sensor including a light emitting unit that irradiates light toward the detection region and a light receiving unit that receives the reflected light from the detection region.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid feeding mechanism including a detecting means capable of detecting the presence or absence of air bubbles and also detecting the behavior of a diaphragm, and a peritoneal dialysis machine including the liquid feeding mechanism.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the liquid feeding mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an external view of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus to which the liquid feeding mechanism of this embodiment is applied. It is a figure which shows the structure of the liquid feeding cassette of this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus to which the liquid feeding mechanism of this embodiment is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the liquid feed cassette of this embodiment is attached to the peritoneal dialysis apparatus. It is a figure which shows the output waveform detected by the detection means of this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the liquid feeding mechanism and the peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The configuration of the liquid feeding mechanism 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1, and the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 to which the liquid feeding mechanism 1 is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid feeding mechanism 1 opens and closes the flow path of the liquid feeding cassette 10, the driving means 110 for operating the liquid feeding cassette 10, and the liquid feeding cassette 10 for sucking and delivering a constant amount of liquid. The flow path opening / closing means 120 and the detecting means 130 for detecting the operation of the liquid feeding cassette 10 and the presence / absence of air bubbles are provided.

The liquid feed cassette 10 includes a chamber 11 as a hard container, a diaphragm 12 arranged inside the chamber 11, and a tube 13 connected to the chamber 11.
The chamber 11 is made of a hard synthetic resin having light transmission (for example, hard polyvinyl chloride), and the first hemispherical member 14A and the second hemispherical member 14B which are a part of a spherical surface having the same shape are formed. They are bonded together to form a predetermined capacity. The volume of the chamber 11 is usually 10 to 100 ml, preferably 20 to 50 ml when used in the peritoneal dialysis machine shown in FIG. 2, for example. In this embodiment, the amount is 50 ml.

The diaphragm 12 is an elastic membrane member, and is formed of, for example, a synthetic resin material such as silicone, vinyl chloride resin, natural rubber, or thermoplastic elastomer, and has a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The inside of the chamber 11 is divided into a pump chamber 11A and a pressure chamber 11B by a diaphragm 12.

At the center of the spherical surface of the first hemispherical member 14A constituting the pump chamber 11A, a liquid feeding opening 14a through which the liquid to be transferred can enter and exit is formed, and the second hemispherical member forming the pressure chamber 11B is formed. At the center of the spherical surface of 14B, an application opening 14b through which the working fluid from the driving means can enter and exit is formed.

The tube 13 has a non-branched portion 15 and a branched portion 16, and an end (one end) on the non-branched portion 15 side is connected to the liquid feeding opening 14a of the pump chamber 11A. Then, the other end of the non-branch portion 15 branches to become a branch portion 16, which is connected to the liquid supply source and the liquid supply destination, respectively. The tube 13 is made of a flexible and light-transmitting synthetic resin (for example, soft polyvinyl chloride). The non-branched portion 15 and the branched portion 16 of the tube may be integrally formed, or a plurality of tubes may be connected via a connecting member.

The driving means 110 includes a pump 111 that applies a pressure by moving a fluid in and out of the pressure chamber 11B, and a driver 112 as a driving source for driving the pump 111, and reciprocates the diaphragm 12 with a constant stroke width.

The pump 111 may have any configuration as long as positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately applied to the pressure chamber 11B. In the present embodiment, the air pump 113 composed of the cylinder 113a and the piston 113b is used. There was. The air pump 113 drives the diaphragm 12 by applying a positive pressure or a negative pressure to the pressure chamber 11B through the air tube 114 and the application opening 14b by the piston drive by the driver 112.

The air tube 114 connecting the cylinder 113a and the pressure chamber 11B is provided with a valve 115 and a pressure sensor 116 at a portion branched from the middle thereof. The valve 115 is driven by receiving feedback from the pressure sensor 116 so that an excessive pressure is not applied to the pressure chamber 11B. As the valve 115, for example, a known diaphragm type solenoid valve or the like is used, and as the pressure sensor 116, for example, a piezoelectric element or a semiconductor pressure sensor using a piezoresistive effect is used.

The flow path opening / closing means 120 includes a clamp portion 121 and a drive source (not shown) for driving the clamp portion 121. The clamp portion 121 is provided on the other end side (branch portion 16) of the tube 13 that is branched, and opens and closes the branched flow paths, respectively, to change the communication state between the pump chamber 11A and the liquid supply source and the liquid supply destination. ..

The detection means 130 includes a reflection type photoelectric sensor 131 and an amplifier (not shown) for amplifying a signal. The photoelectric sensor 131 includes a light emitting unit 131a that irradiates light toward the detection region and a light receiving unit 131b that receives the reflected light from the detection region. The light received by the light receiving unit is converted into an electric signal, amplified by an amplifier, and transmitted to a control unit 170 described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, with respect to the reciprocating direction of the diaphragm 12, the tube 13 is arranged so as to have an overlapping region 17 overlapping the diaphragm 12 at the non-branched portion 15. The detection means 130 is arranged to face the non-branch portion 15 of the tube so that the detection region includes the overlapping region 17. The suction and discharge of the liquid in the liquid feeding cassette 10 are performed through one liquid feeding opening 14a. Therefore, the transferred liquid always passes through the non-branched portion 15 of the tube regardless of whether it is sucked into the pump chamber 11A or discharged from the pump chamber 11A, so that the presence or absence of air bubbles is detected in the non-branched portion 15 of the tube. do it.

Next, the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 to which the liquid feeding mechanism 1 is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. Regarding the liquid feeding mechanism 1, the same reference numerals are given to the configurations described with reference to FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.
The peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is for performing peritoneal dialysis performed on a patient with renal failure, injects dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the patient, and stores the dialysate in the abdominal cavity for a certain period of time. After that, the dialysate mixed with waste products in the body is discharged. Then, the patient uses the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 to repeat the cycle composed of the injection, storage, and drainage a plurality of times a day.

As shown in FIG. 2, the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 to which the liquid feeding mechanism 1 is applied to the present embodiment includes a dialysis apparatus main body 140, a heating unit 150 that houses and heats a dialysate bag, and the heating portion 150. A heating portion lid portion 141 that covers the portion 150, a flow path opening / closing means 120 that opens / closes the flow path of the liquid feed cassette 10 (see FIG. 3), and a cassette mounting portion 142 to which the liquid feed cassette 10 is mounted are mounted. A cassette lid 143 that covers the liquid feeding cassette 10, a detecting means 130 (see FIG. 4) for detecting the operation of the liquid feeding cassette 10 and the presence or absence of air bubbles, and an operating unit 160 are provided inside the dialysis machine main body 140. Includes a driving means 110 for operating the liquid feeding cassette 10, a control unit 170, and a data storage unit 180 (see FIG. 4).

The dialysis machine main body 140 constitutes the outer shape of the peritoneal dialysis machine 100.
The heating unit 150 is arranged on the upper surface of the dialysis machine main body 140. The heating unit 150 includes a storage unit 151 for storing the dialysate bag containing the dialysate, and a heating mechanism (not shown) for heating the dialysate bag for heating. The heating unit 150 heats the heating dialysate bag (dialysate) stored in the storage unit 151 to a predetermined temperature by the heating mechanism. The temperature of the dialysate heated in the heating unit 150 is measured by the temperature sensor 152.
The heating unit lid 141 is attached to the dialysis machine main body 140 so as to be openable and closable, and covers the heating unit 150.

The cassette mounting portion 142 is configured such that the chamber 11 of the liquid feeding cassette 10 is detachable.
The cassette lid 143 is attached to the dialysis machine main body 140 so as to be openable and closable, and covers the liquid feeding cassette 10 mounted on the dialysis machine main body 140. As will be described later, a detection means 130 and a holding member 121b that holds the tube in the flow path opening / closing means 120 are attached to the inner surface of the cassette lid portion 143.

As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid feed cassette 10 includes a chamber 11 and a tube 13, and the tube 13 includes a non-branch portion 15 of the tube and a plurality of parallel tubes constituting the branch portion 16 of the tube. 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, are connected by a connecting member 18.
The plurality of parallel tubes 16a to 16e are a dialysate supply source (a heating dialysate bag 190a described later, a replacement dialysate bag 190b, a concentration changing dialysate bag 190c) and a dialysate delivery destination (patient P's). It is connected to the abdominal cavity and the drainage bag 190e), respectively.

In the present embodiment, the tube 16a is connected to the heating dialysate bag 190a housed in the heating unit 150, and constitutes a part or all of the heating line La (the same applies hereinafter). The tube 16b is connected to the replenishment dialysate bag 190b (in the present embodiment, three replenishment dialysate bags 190b) to form a replenishment line Lb. The tube 16c is connected to the concentration changing dialysate bag 190c containing a dialysate having a concentration different from that contained in the replacement dialysate bag 190b, and constitutes the concentration changing line Lc. The tube 16d is connected into the abdominal cavity of patient P and constitutes the peritoneal line Ld. The tube 16e is connected to a drainage bag 190e for accommodating drainage to form a drainage line Le.
In addition, each tube is connected to a bag or the like directly or via a connecting member.

The flow path opening / closing means 120 includes a clamp portion 121 arranged for each of the five tubes 16a to 16e, and a drive source (not shown) for driving the clamp portions 121.
As shown in FIG. 2, the clamp portion 121 includes a pressing member 121a that presses the tube, and a pressing member 121b that is arranged on the opposite side of the pressing member 121a with the tube in between. The pressing member 121a is arranged on the upper surface of the dialysis machine main body 140, and the pressing member 121b is arranged on the inner surface of the cassette lid portion 143.
The drive source advances the pressing member 121a, presses the tube against the pressing member 121b to close the flow path, retracts the pressing member 121a, opens the tube, and sets the pump chamber 11A, the dialysate supply source, and the dialysate. Change the communication status with the supply destination.

The drive means 110 includes an air pump 113 and a driver 112 as a drive source for the air pump 113. The air pump 113 and the driver 112 are arranged inside the dialysis machine main body 140, and the diaphragm 12 is reciprocally driven by applying air pressure to and from the pressure chamber 11B of the chamber 11.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the air pump 113 is connected to the application opening 14b in the pressure chamber 11B of the chamber 11 via the air tube 114 and the cassette mounting portion 142. Then, by sucking the air inside the pressure chamber 11B by the air pump 113, the diaphragm 12 is pulled to the inner wall of the pressure chamber 11B (the inner wall of the second semicircular spherical member 14B) until it is brought into close contact with the tubes 16a to 16d. The dialysate is sucked into the pump chamber 11A of the chamber 11 from the tube whose flow path is open. Further, in this state, by introducing air into the pressure chamber 11B of the chamber 11, the diaphragm 12 is pushed into the inner wall of the pump chamber 11A (inner wall of the first semicircular spherical member 14A) until it comes into close contact with the pump chamber 11A. The dialysate sucked into the water is sent out from the liquid feeding opening 14a. As a result, the diaphragm 12 is reciprocally driven with a constant stroke width defined by the inner wall of the chamber 11, so that a constant amount (volume of the chamber 11) of dialysate is sucked or delivered.

The detection means 130 includes a reflection type photoelectric sensor 131 and an amplifier (not shown) that amplifies the signal, and the detected signal is amplified by the amplifier and transmitted to the control unit 170. When the cassette lid 143 is closed in the state where the liquid feeding cassette 10 is attached to the dialysis machine main body 140, the detection means 130 is the inner surface of the cassette lid 143 so as to face the non-branch portion 15 of the tube and the diaphragm 12. (See FIG. 2). By arranging the detection means 130 in this way, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of air bubbles in the tube 13 and the reciprocating behavior of the diaphragm 12. Therefore, it is possible to confirm the operating state of the diaphragm 12 without providing a detecting means different from the bubble detecting means, and it is possible to confirm whether the liquid feeding mechanism 1 and the peritoneal dialysis device 100 are operating properly. it can.

The operation unit 160 includes a liquid crystal panel and various operation buttons. Various information such as the amount of dialysate delivered is displayed on the liquid crystal panel.
As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 170 adds the drive means 110, the flow path opening / closing means 120, the detection means 130, and the addition means based on the data stored in the data storage unit 180 and the input data from the operation unit 160. Controls the drive of the hot unit 150. Further, the control unit 170 is from the dialysate supply source of the chamber 11 based on the amount of liquid sent from the liquid feeding cassette 10 for each round trip of the diaphragm 12 and the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm 12 detected by the detection means 130. It functions as a calculation means for calculating the amount of liquid to be sent to the dialysate supply destination.

Next, an example of the operation of the above peritoneal dialysis machine 100 will be described.
When the peritoneal dialysis machine 100 is used, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid feeding cassette 10 is mounted on the cassette mounting portion 142 of the dialysis machine main body 140. Next, the tubes 16a to 16e constituting the branch portion 16 of the tube of the liquid feeding cassette 10 are respectively subjected to a heating dialysate bag 190a, a supplementary dialysate bag 190b, a concentration changing dialysate bag 190c, and a drainage bag 190e, respectively. Connect to and perform priming (see FIG. 3). The tube 16d is then connected to patient P's abdomen and dialysis is initiated.

Here, when performing dialysis, the air pump 113 is used in a state where the flow path of a predetermined one tube (for example, tube 16a) is opened by the flow path opening / closing means 120 and the flow paths of the other tubes are closed. By sucking the air in the pressure chamber 11B of the chamber 11, the dialysate (in this case, the dialysate contained in the heating dialysate bag 190a) is supplied to the pump chamber 11A of the chamber 11 from the tube whose flow path is open. Aspirate. Next, the flow path opening / closing means 120 is operated to change the tube that opens the flow path (for example, the flow path of the tube 16d is opened and the flow path of the other tube is closed), and in this state, the pressure of the chamber 11 is changed. By introducing air into the chamber 11B, the dialysate sucked into the pump chamber A of the chamber 11 is delivered (in this case, the dialysate is delivered into the abdominal cavity of the patient P). As a result, a fixed amount (volume of chamber 11) of dialysate is sucked and delivered.

As described above, by repeating the above operation while changing the tube that opens the flow path by the flow path opening / closing means 120, (1) the dialysate for heating that has been preheated by the heating unit 150 by the liquid feeding mechanism 1 Injecting step of transferring the dialysate in the bag 190a into the abdominal cavity of patient P, (2) About the dialysate to be transferred in the next cycle The dialysate is transferred from the replacement dialysate bag 190b to the warming dialysate bag 190a. A replenishment step in which the dialysate is transferred and replenished, and the dialysate is replenished from the concentration-changing dialysate bag 190c to the heating dialysate bag 190a to transfer a predetermined amount of dialysate, (3) from the intraperitoneal cavity of patient P. The drainage step of collecting the dialysate and transferring (discharging) the recovered dialysate to the drainage bag 190e is performed.

Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the output waveform detected by the detecting means 130 (photoelectric sensor 131) regarding the reciprocating behavior of the diaphragm 12 and the presence / absence of air bubbles in the tube 13 will be described.
In the graph of FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the signal from the detecting means. One sawtooth waveform at the top of the graph (the part surrounded by the dotted frame) corresponds to one reciprocating drive of the diaphragm 12. Specifically, when the diaphragm 12 is driven toward the inner wall of the pressure chamber 11B and the dialysate is drawn into the pump chamber 11A, the output increases and the dialysate inside the drawn pump chamber 11A is discharged. (That is, when the diaphragm 12 is driven toward the inner wall of the pump chamber 11A), the output drops sharply. Also, if there are air bubbles in the detection area, the output will show a downward spike.

In the present embodiment, first, a predetermined amount of dialysate in the heating dialysate bag 190a is preheated by the heating unit 150, and then dialyzed into the abdominal cavity of the patient P by the above-mentioned injection step (1). Transfer the liquid. In the liquid injection step (1), the presence or absence of air bubbles is detected by using the above-mentioned detection means 130 so that the air bubbles are not sent into the abdominal cavity, and the air bubbles are monitored. When air bubbles are detected, the flow path connected to the abdominal cavity is closed, and priming treatment is appropriately performed to remove the air bubbles.

In the liquid injection step (1), the first 50 mL of the small cycle is fed at a stroke speed of 3 mm / s of the cylinder 113a, and the subsequent 50 mL × 9 times of liquid feed is performed at a stroke speed of 14 mm / s. , Subtotal 500 mL of liquid is sent. This small cycle is repeated 3 times to transfer a total of 1500 mL of dialysate into the abdominal cavity. In the present embodiment, in one of 10 cycles, the liquid feeding speed is lowered so that air bubbles can be detected favorably, and by repeating these 10 cycles, it is possible to suppress a long time required for the liquid injection process. At the same time, the accuracy of bubble detection is ensured.

After the injection into the abdominal cavity is completed, the above-mentioned replenishment step (2) is performed, and the dialysate to be used in the next cycle is heated by the heating unit 150. In the replenishment step (2), the liquid is fed at a stroke speed of 3 mm / s. Since the replenishment step (2) is performed during the peritoneal dialysis treatment that is performed over a relatively long period of time, the bubble can be detected more accurately by reducing the liquid feeding rate in all the cycles.
After a lapse of a predetermined time, the above-mentioned drainage step (3) is performed, and one cycle is completed. In the drainage step (3), the drainage is performed at a stroke speed of 3 mm / s so that excessive negative pressure is not applied to the abdominal cavity of the patient P.

Weighing of dialysate transferred is performed in all steps. Specifically, the calculation means (control unit 170) counts the number of sawtooth-shaped waveforms, which is the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm 12, in the output waveform of FIG. 6, and the diaphragm 12 has a constant stroke at that number. The transfer amount is calculated by multiplying the transfer amount (volume of the chamber 11) of the dialysate to be transferred for each reciprocation in the width. In each step, the liquid is sent while calculating the transfer amount by the calculation means, and when the predetermined transfer amount is reached, the liquid transfer is completed.

Further, in the output waveform of FIG. 6, it is possible not only to count the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm 12, but also to confirm the operating state of the diaphragm from the sawtooth-shaped waveform corresponding to the behavior of the diaphragm 12. Therefore, for example, when the sawtooth waveform changes from a predetermined shape to a different shape, it is possible to detect the occurrence of some trouble such as breakage of the diaphragm 12 or failure of the air pump.

According to the liquid feeding mechanism 1 and the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 of the present embodiment described above, the following effects are exhibited.

(1) The tube 13 was arranged so as to have an overlapping region 17 overlapping the diaphragm 12 at the non-branched portion 15, and the reflective detecting means 130 was arranged so that the overlapping region 17 was included in the detection region. As a result, one detecting means 130 can detect the presence or absence of air bubbles in the tube 13 and detect the behavior of the diaphragm 12. Therefore, it is possible to confirm the operating state of the diaphragm 12 without providing a detecting means different from the bubble detecting means, and it is possible to confirm whether the liquid feeding mechanism 1 and the peritoneal dialysis device 100 are operating properly. it can.

(2) The liquid feeding cassette 10 is configured to include a hard container (chamber 11) having a constant volume, the inside of which is divided into a pump chamber 11A and a pressure chamber 11B by a diaphragm 12, and the driving means 110 is pressured. It is configured to include a pump 111 that moves fluid in and out of the pressure chamber 11B through an application opening 14b formed in the chamber 11B, and a drive source 112 that drives the pump 111. As a result, the reciprocating stroke width of the hard container (chamber 11) is defined, so that the quantitativeness of the liquid feed can be improved.

(3) A calculation means (control unit) for calculating the amount of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 to be fed based on the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm 12 and a certain amount of dialysate (liquid) transferred each time the diaphragm 12 reciprocates. 170) was included in the configuration. As a result, the reciprocating behavior of the diaphragm 12 can be detected by the detecting means 130 capable of detecting the presence or absence of air bubbles, and the liquid feed amount can be calculated. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the liquid feed amount even if the behavior (number of times of driving) of the driving means for driving the diaphragm 12 is not detected as in the conventional case.

(4) The detection means 130 is composed of a photoelectric sensor including a light emitting unit 131a that irradiates light toward the detection region and a light receiving unit 131b that receives the reflected light from the detection region. As a result, by using a photoelectric sensor having a faster response speed than the ultrasonic sensor, it is possible to accurately detect the presence or absence of air bubbles in the tube 13 and the behavior of the diaphragm 12.

<Modification example>
A modified example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus 101 according to the modified example further includes a drive detecting means 200 for detecting the driving state of the driving means 110 in addition to the above-described configuration.
The driving means 110 includes an air pump 113 composed of a cylinder 113a and a piston 113b, and a driver 112 for driving the air pump 113.
In this modification, the encoder 201 mounted on the cylinder 113a of the air pump is used as the drive detecting means 200. A signal line from the encoder 201 is connected to the control unit 170, and position information regarding the rod stroke of the cylinder 113a is input, so that the drive of the air pump 113 can be detected.

The reciprocating behavior of the diaphragm 12 is detected by the detection means 130 (photoelectric sensor 131), and the drive of the air pump 113 as the drive means 110 is detected by the drive detection means 200 (encoder 201), whereby the diaphragm 12 and the drive means 110 (the drive means 110 (photoelectric sensor 131) are detected. It can be confirmed whether the air pump 113) and the air pump 113) are operating properly. Therefore, as compared with the configuration in which only the operating state of the diaphragm is confirmed, when the occurrence of some kind of defect is detected, it is possible to easily confirm which configuration has the defect, and the safety can be further improved. ..

According to the liquid feeding mechanism 1 and the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 101 of the present embodiment described above, the following actions and effects are obtained.

(5) By providing the drive detecting means 200 for detecting the driving state of the driving means 110 in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 101, it is possible to confirm whether the diaphragm 12 and the driving means 110 are operating properly. Therefore, as compared with the configuration in which only the operating state of the diaphragm 12 is confirmed, when the occurrence of some kind of defect is detected, it is possible to easily confirm which configuration the defect has occurred, and the safety can be further improved. it can.

Although the preferred embodiments of the liquid feeding mechanism and the peritoneal dialysis machine of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be appropriately modified.
For example, in the present embodiment, an air pump and a driver are shown as an example of the driving means, but the present invention is not limited to this. As the driving means, if the diaphragm can be reciprocally driven with a constant stroke width, a configuration in which the piston is directly connected to the diaphragm and reciprocated may be used. In such a case, the pressure chamber of the chamber described above is not an essential configuration. That is, the chamber may include only a pump chamber composed of a first hemispherical member and a diaphragm.

Further, an air pump is shown as an example of the pump, but the present invention is not limited to this. The fluid applied to the pressure chamber by the pump may be water such as hydraulic oil or physiological saline in addition to air.

Further, as an example of the pump chamber, an example composed of a hard first hemispherical member and a diaphragm is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The entire pump chamber may be formed of an elastic member similar to the diaphragm as long as it has a liquid feeding opening through which liquid can flow in and out and the diaphragm can be reciprocally driven with a constant stroke width.

Further, in the present embodiment, a photoelectric sensor is used as an example of the detection means, but an ultrasonic sensor may be used as long as it is a reflection type sensor. In this case, the tube or chamber does not have to be light transmissive.

1 Liquid feeding mechanism 10 Liquid feeding cassette 11 Chamber 11A Pump chamber 11B Pressure chamber 12 Diaphragm 13 Tube 14A First hemispherical member 14a Liquid feeding opening 14B Second hemispherical member 14b Application opening 15 Tube non-branch Part 16 Tube bifurcation 17 Overlapping area 18 Connecting member 100 Peritoneal dialysis machine 110 Drive means 111 Pump 112 Driver 113 Air pump 120 Flow path opening / closing means 130 Detection means 131 Photoelectric sensor 131a Light emitting part 131b Light receiving part 140 Dialysis device body 150 Heating part 160 Operation unit 170 Control unit 180 Data storage unit 200 Drive detection means

Claims (7)

A pump chamber having a diaphragm and a liquid feeding opening through which liquid can enter and exit, and one end connected to the liquid feeding opening and the other end branched to connect to a liquid supply source and a liquid supply destination, respectively. With a tube and a liquid transfer cassette
A driving means for reciprocating the diaphragm with a constant stroke width,
A flow path opening / closing means for opening / closing each of the branched flow paths on the other end side of the tube,
A reflective detection means capable of irradiating a signal toward the detection region, detecting the reflected signal, and detecting the behavior of the reciprocating drive of the diaphragm and the presence or absence of air bubbles in the tube.
With
Regarding the reciprocating direction of the diaphragm
The tube has an overlapping region that overlaps the diaphragm at the non-branched portion of the tube.
The detection means is a liquid feeding mechanism arranged so as to face the non-branch portion of the tube so that the detection region includes the overlapping region. The liquid feed cassette includes a hard container having a constant volume.
The inside of the hard container is divided into a pump chamber and a pressure chamber in which an opening for application is formed by the diaphragm.
The driving means
A pump that moves fluid in and out of the pressure chamber through the application opening, and
The drive source that drives the pump and
The liquid feeding mechanism according to claim 1. A pump chamber having a diaphragm and a dialysate opening for allowing dialysate to enter and exit, and one end connected to the fluid delivery opening and the other end branched to supply dialysate or dialysate, respectively. A peritoneal dialysis machine to which a liquid delivery cassette including a tube to be connected first can be attached.
A driving means for reciprocating the diaphragm with a constant stroke width,
A flow path opening / closing means for opening / closing each of the branched flow paths on the other end side of the tube,
A reflective detection means capable of irradiating a signal toward the detection region, detecting the reflected signal, and detecting the behavior of the reciprocating drive of the diaphragm and the presence or absence of air bubbles in the tube.
With
With respect to the reciprocating direction of the diaphragm in the state where the liquid feeding cassette is attached.
The tube has an overlapping region that overlaps the diaphragm at the non-branched portion of the tube.
The detection means is a peritoneal dialysis machine arranged so as to face the non-branch portion of the tube so that the detection region includes the overlapping region. The liquid feed cassette includes a hard container having a constant volume.
The inside of the hard container is divided into a pump chamber and a pressure chamber in which an opening for application is formed by the diaphragm.
The driving means
A pump that moves fluid in and out of the pressure chamber through the application opening, and
The drive source that drives the pump and
The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to claim 3. A calculation means for calculating the amount of liquid sent from the dialysate supply source to the dialysate supply destination is further provided.
The calculation means calculates the amount of the dialysate to be sent based on the number of reciprocating drives of the diaphragm detected by the detection means and a certain amount of dialysate transferred each time the diaphragm reciprocates with the constant stroke width. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to claim 3 or 4. The liquid feeding mechanism according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the detection means is a photoelectric sensor including a light emitting unit that irradiates light toward a detection region and a light receiving unit that receives reflected light from the detection region. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the detection means is a photoelectric sensor including a light emitting unit that irradiates light toward the detection region and a light receiving unit that receives reflected light from the detection region. ..

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