JP2000167040A - Medical pumping cassette and medical pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medical pumping apparatus which is usable in a home with high safety, easily increased in chamber capacity, reduced in noise due to open/closed valves and low in cost and superior in flow accuracy. SOLUTION: A medical pumping apparatus includes a base member 1 provided with chambers 7a and 7b and medicine passages 8a and 8b and medicinal solution sacks 9a and 9b, in which expansive or flexible liquid bags with the bases mounted in liquid tight relation is inserted into the opening ends of the chambers 7a and 7b, the medicinal solution sacks 9a and 9b being put into cyclinders 3a and 3b of cylinder units 2a and 2b. When pistons in the cylinders 3a and 3b are reciprocally moved, medicines are absorbed or discharged in/from the medicinal solution sacks 9a and 9b. The flow direction of the medicinal solution is controlled by opening/closing valves V11 and V12 mounted in the medicinal solution passages.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a medical pumping cassette and a medical pumping device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a medical pumping cassette, a roller pump for transferring a fluid by squeezing a soft tube with a roller has been widely used. However,
In this conventional example, it is necessary to accurately attach the tube to the roller. If the tube is twisted and attached, excessive stress is applied to the bent portion, and the tube may be damaged. In addition, since such a roller pump has a sealing property, liquid is forcibly supplied when the tube on the circuit is broken or foreign matter is clogged inside, and the circuit internal pressure rises sharply and the circuit is damaged. There was a danger of doing. For these reasons, roller pumps have rarely been used in automated peritoneal dialysis machines, for example, where the patient installed the circuit at home and operated while the patient was asleep.

On the other hand, medical pumping cassettes using a pumping device have begun to be used because of their easy installation. For example, Japanese Translation
JP-A-65518, JP-A-7-506520, JP-A-7-506521, JP-A-7-506522, JP-A-7-506523, and JP-T-7-50
No. 6524 discloses a method for applying a fluid pressure to a soft film. The problem with this method is the measurement of the amount of liquid to be sent. Since air is used as the working fluid, the measurement is not accurate. In the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-506524, a reference chamber having a known capacity is provided in addition to the pump chamber, and the pump chamber and the reference chamber are communicated to balance the pressure and to derive the liquid supply amount from the pressure fluctuation. are doing. However, this method requires a reference chamber in addition to the pump chamber, so that the apparatus becomes large, and correction by temperature is required, but the temperature distribution in the pump chamber and the reference chamber is not always constant. Error-prone,
Since it takes time for the pressure to equilibrate, there are various problems such as poor efficiency because it requires time for measuring the amount of liquid sent in addition to the time for liquid sending. Further, in this method, since the expansion and contraction of the soft film is used, increasing the capacity of the chamber increases the size of the cassette, so that the capacity is limited. For this reason, there is a problem that the number of times of opening and closing of the valve necessary when switching between pressurization and decompression of the chamber is increased, and noise is generated.

[0004] On the other hand, accurate measurement is possible by using a syringe. However, if the syringe is used as it is, bacteria may enter the interior during reciprocating motions a plurality of times. It was not suitable. As a method for compensating for this drawback, a method has been proposed in which a portion where bacteria enter is covered with a bellows (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-57473). In this case, since a bellows is used outside the syringe, the cost is high and the manufacturing process is complicated. Further, since the reciprocating motion is repeated, fine particles may be generated from the inside of the syringe.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a highly safe medical pumping cassette and a medical pumping apparatus that can be easily used at home, are less likely to cause damage to a tube, and can be used at home. The purpose is to do. Another object of the present invention is to provide a medical pumping cassette and a medical pumping device that can increase the capacity of the chamber without increasing the size of the cassette and reduce the noise caused by opening and closing the valve. Furthermore, the present invention has low cost and good flow accuracy,
An object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe medical pumping cassette and a medical pumping device that can prevent bacteria and the like from entering.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a medical pumping cassette comprising a base member and a medical solution sack, wherein the base member has a chamber opened to an outer surface, and an arbitrary number of connection ports. A liquid passage communicating the chamber and the connection port, and an opening / closing valve interposed in the liquid passage, and the liquid medicine sac includes a liquid bag portion having elasticity or flexibility. And an opening end thereof is liquid-tightly attached to the chamber. The medical pumping cassette according to claim 2 is the claim 1.
In the invention described above, two chambers are formed on the base member, and two chemical solution sacks are individually attached. The medical pumping device of claim 3 is:
The medical pumping cassette and an external drive mechanism that sucks and discharges a chemical solution into the medical solution sack. The external drive mechanism reciprocates a cylinder unit that expands and contracts the chemical solution sack and a piston rod that reciprocates the cylinder unit. And a drive unit. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the medical pumping apparatus according to the third aspect, the cylinder unit includes a cylinder accommodating a liquid bag portion of the liquid medicine sack, and is slidable in the cylinder. A piston inserted between the piston and the top surface of the chemical sack, and a piston rod connected to the piston and protruding outside from the bottom end of the cylinder.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the chemical solution is injected into the chemical solution sack and does not come into contact with the outside air. In addition, since there is no trouble in attaching the tube or the like and the tube is not used, no accident such as breakage occurs, the handling is easy, the reliability is high, and home use is possible. Further, by controlling the open / close valve, an operation of sucking from a plurality of supply sources and supplying a chemical solution to a plurality of supply destinations or mixing two or more types of chemical solutions can be easily performed. According to the second aspect of the present invention, by alternately expanding and contracting the two liquid medicine sacks, the liquid medicine can be continuously sucked and discharged, and a stable supply of the liquid medicine can be performed. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the external drive mechanism can push and pull the piston rod of the cylinder unit to expand and contract the chemical solution sac in the cylinder, thereby suctioning and discharging the chemical solution, thereby enabling automatic operation. According to the invention of claim 4,
When the piston is pulled by the piston rod, the inside of the cylinder becomes negative pressure, so that the liquid bag expands, and when the piston is pushed, the liquid bag inside the cylinder contracts. The chemical solution can be sucked and discharged by the expansion and contraction of the liquid bag portion. Since the amount of the chemical solution sucked into the liquid bag in the cylinder is proportional to the stroke position of the piston, the measurement accuracy of the chemical solution is high, and it is easy to increase the handling amount of the chemical solution by changing the chamber volume greatly. Yes, the number of opening and closing of the open / close valve is reduced, and the noise can be reduced.

[0008]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a pumping cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pumping cassette, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the pumping cassette, FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the pumping cassette, and FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI of FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a pumping device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a block diagram of the applied peritoneal dialysis device.

In the present invention, the pumping cassette is
Since the main part of the pumping device is configured, the configuration of the pumping cassette will be described first. In FIGS.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a base member, in which chambers 7a and 7b opening to the outer surface are formed.
Chemical liquid passages 8a and 8b communicate with a and 7b, respectively. Reference numerals 9a and 9b denote chemical sac, and this chemical sack 9
Reference numerals a and 9b each have a bottomed cylindrical liquid bag portion and are made of a material having elasticity or flexibility.

The chemical sackes 9a and 9b are made of a material having elasticity or flexibility, for example, a soft vinyl chloride resin, a thermoplastic elastomer, a silicone rubber, or the like. If a material other than these materials is soft, it can be provided with elasticity by forming a fold such as a bellows. Further, the chemical solution sack 9a, 9b may be manufactured by vacuum forming after welding a soft film to the entire chamber 7a, 7b. Open ends of the chemical sackes 9a and 9b are liquid-tightly attached to open ends of the chambers 7a and 7b. The method of attachment may be adhesion such as heat welding, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding or the like to the chambers 7a and 7b, a physical attachment method such as fitting, clamping, or a means such as insert molding. Good. In short, it only needs to be mounted in a liquid-tight manner.

Next, the on-off valves V1 to V10 built in the base member 1 will be described. As described above, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the base member 1 is provided with the chemical liquid passages 8 a and 8 b communicating with the chambers 7 a and 7 b. And, as shown in FIG.
Five chemical liquid paths 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19 are connected, and the other chemical liquid path 8b also has five chemical liquid paths 12, 1 and 5.
4, 16, 18, and 20 are connected. FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 show a part of these chemical liquid passages. Opening / closing valves V1 to V10 are attached to the chemical liquid paths 11 to 20, respectively. These on-off valves V1 to V10 are
As shown in FIG. 6, each of them has a cylindrical body 32 having a smaller diameter than the cylindrical body provided in the cylindrical concave portion 31, and a lower end of the cylindrical body 32 communicates with any of the liquid passages 11 to 20. A soft film 33 is attached to the upper end of the cylindrical recess 31,
When the soft film 33 is pressed by a dedicated pressing member, the cylindrical body 32 is pressed.
When the valve is closed in contact with the upper end of the valve and the pressure is released, the valve is restored by the elasticity of the soft film 33 and the valve can be opened.

The circuit configuration of these on-off valves V1 to V10 and each of the chemical liquid passages 11 to 20 is as shown in FIG. 1 as described above, and each of the on-off valves V1 to V1 is connected to each of the chemical liquid passages 11 to 20.
0, respectively, and at the downstream thereof, the chemical liquid path 11 and the chemical liquid path 12 merge, the chemical liquid path 13 and the chemical liquid path 14 merge, the chemical liquid path 15 and the chemical liquid path 16 merge, and the chemical liquid path 17 and the chemical liquid path 18
Are merged, and the chemical liquid path 19 and the chemical liquid path 20 are merged. Then, a connection port 41 is provided downstream of the junction of the chemical liquid passages 11 and 12, a connection port 42 is provided downstream of the junction of the chemical liquid passages 13 and 14, and a connection port 41 of the chemical liquid passages 15 and 16 is provided. A connection port 43 is provided downstream of the junction, and a connection port 44 is provided downstream of the junction of the chemical paths 17 and 18.
Is provided, and a connection port 45 is provided downstream of the junction of the chemical solution passages 19 and 20.

The pumping cassette is configured as described above, and all members are provided on the base member 1. This eliminates the need for the user to attach or remove the tube or the like, which is convenient, and does not cause a problem that the tube or the like is twisted or broken. In addition, as a material of the base member 1, an acrylic resin, polycarbonate, hard vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene, or the like, which is a hard material, is suitably used.

The pumping apparatus according to the present invention is such that the above-mentioned pumping cassette has a liquid feeding tube and an external drive mechanism connected as shown in FIG. At this time, the base member 1
Are connected to the cylinder units 2A and 2B for expanding and contracting the chemical sac 9a and 9b. This cylinder unit 2
A reciprocating drive unit for reciprocating the piston is connected to A and 2B. Also, as shown in FIG.
If the soft liquid sending tubes 46 to 50 are connected to the respective 45, one or two or more connectors 51 to 58 are connected to the distal ends of the liquid sending tubes 46 to 50,
Via these connectors 51 to 58, it is possible to connect to appropriate medical equipment, for example, a peritoneal dialysis fluid container, a heating container, a peritoneal catheter, and a drainage container.

Next, referring to FIG.
A and 2B will be described. Each cylinder unit 2A, 2B
Are cylinders 3a, 3b and pistons 4a,
4b and piston rods 5a and 5b. The cylinders 3a and 3b are provided with an O-ring 6 on the upper surface of the base member 1.
Can be attached with liquid tightness interposed therebetween. The pistons 4a, 4b are slidable in the cylinders 3a, 3b.
The piston rod 5 connected to the pistons 4a and 4b
a and 5b project outside from the bottom ends of the cylinders 3a and 3b. Then, the liquid bags of the chemical solution sackes 9a and 9b are inserted into the cylinder tubes of the cylinders 3a and 3b. Incidentally, relief valves V11 and V12 are attached to the cylinders 3a and 3b via appropriate pipes. The relief valves V11 and V12 are connected to the cylinder 3a,
3b and the space between the chemical solution sack 9a and 9b.

With the above structure, the piston rod 5
When the pistons 4a and 4b are reciprocated by the cylinders 3a and 3b by pushing and pulling the cylinders a and 5b, the medicine can be sucked and discharged into the medicine sack 9a and 9b. That is, when the piston 4a is pulled, the chemical solution sack 9a extends and expands in the cylinder 3a, and the chemical solution is sucked. When the piston 4b is pushed in, the chemical solution sack 9b is contracted and the internal chemical solution is discharged. Therefore, the pistons 4 alternately
a and 4b are pushed and pulled, and two chemical solution sackes 9a and 9
Since the liquid medicine is alternately injected and discharged to b, the liquid medicine can be continuously supplied.

In FIG. 8, reference numerals 21A and 21B denote reciprocating drive units, and any reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B may be used as long as they can move linearly. A conversion type or a linear stepping motor can be used. As a motor,
For example, when converting into linear motion using a ball screw using a servo motor, the pressure applied to the circuit can be limited by limiting the voltage of the motor, that is, the torque. Thereby, when the pressure in the circuit becomes equal to or higher than the set value, the motor is automatically stopped, so that the safety is high. Further, it is also possible to detect that the rotation of the motor has stopped by an encoder and issue an alarm of abnormal pressure. In order to measure the liquid sending amount, the number of rotations can be detected by an encoder attached to the motor, and the number of rotations can be calculated from the lead of the ball screw. When it is not necessary to measure a volume equal to or less than the chamber volume, it is also possible to provide a limit switch at both ends to be moved and to measure by the number of movements of the piston. If the voltage of the motor is controlled, there is little possibility that abnormal pressure will be applied to the circuit.However, when performing double confirmation or continuous monitoring of the circuit internal pressure, the strain gauge 23a, By setting 23b, the stress applied to the piston rod can be obtained from the amount of strain, and the circuit pressure can be derived therefrom.

A specific example of use of the cassette of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8. Dialysate containers 61 to 65 are connected to the connectors 51 to 55, respectively.
Is connected to a heating container 66, a connector 57 is connected to a peritoneal catheter 67, and a connector 58 is connected to a drainage container 68. Reference numeral 70 denotes a heating unit on which the heating container 66 is placed, and reference numeral 71 denotes a temperature sensor. Reference numeral 22 denotes a control device, which includes reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B, relief valves V11 and V1.
2. Output control signals to the opening / closing valves V1 to V10 and the heating means 70, and take in detection signals from the strain gauges 23a and 23b and the temperature sensor 71.

Next, a method of using the above peritoneal dialysis apparatus will be described. First, the relief valves V11 and V12 are released, the valves V1 to V10 in the cassette are all closed, and the pistons 4a and 4b in the cylinder are pressed to release the cylinders 3a and 3b.
b and the air between the chemical sack 9a and 9b. By expelling the air, metering errors due to the compression and expansion of the air can be minimized.

(1) Priming operation The opening / closing valves V1 and V10 are opened, the remaining opening / closing valves in the cassette are closed, and the reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B are moved so that the piston 4a is on the suction side and the piston 4b is on the discharge side. To work. After confirming that the piston 4a has moved to the end, the reciprocating drive units 21A and 21A are closed so that the on-off valves V1 and V10 are closed and the valves V2 and V9 are opened so that the piston 4a is on the discharge side and the piston 4b is on the suction side. Operate 21B. After confirming that the piston 4b has moved to the end, the opening / closing valves V2 and V9 are closed, and the process returns to the above-mentioned process again. The line leading to the liquid container 68 can be primed. Similarly, open / close valves V3, V1
By alternately opening and closing 0 and the opening / closing valves V4 and V9, and operating the piston in synchronization with this, the line from the peritoneal dialysate container 65 to the drug solution sacks 9a and 9b and the drainage container 68 can be similarly primed. it can. Further, the opening and closing valves V5 and V10 and the opening and closing valves V6 and V9 are alternately opened and closed, and the pistons 4a and 4b are operated in synchronization with the opening and closing, so that the heating container 66 can be moved to the chemical sack 9a, 9b and the drainage container 68. You can prime the leading line. Further, the opening / closing valves V1, V8 and the opening / closing valves V2, V7 are alternately opened and closed, and the pistons 4a, 4b are operated in synchronization with the opening and closing, whereby the peritoneal catheter 67 from the peritoneal dialysis fluid containers 61-64.
The leading line can be primed.

(2) Injection operation When the peritoneal dialysis solution heated in the heating vessel 66 is to be sent to the patient's peritoneal cavity, the on-off valves V5 and V8 are opened.
All other open / close valves are closed, and the reciprocating drive unit is moved so that the piston 4a is on the suction side and the piston 4b is on the discharge side.
Operate 21A and 21B. After confirming that the piston 4a has moved to the end, the on-off valves V5 and V8 are closed, the on-off valves V6 and V7 are opened, and the piston 4a is moved to the discharge side.
The reciprocating drive units 21A, 21A, 21
Activate B. After confirming that the piston 4b has moved to the end, the opening / closing valves V6 and V7 are closed, and the process returns to the above-described step, and the liquid can be injected by repeating this step.

(3) Operation of sending dialysis fluids 61 to 64 to heating container 66 When sending dialysis fluids 61 to 64 to heating container 66, opening and closing valves V1 and V6 are opened, and all other opening and closing valves are closed. Then, the piston 4a is moved to the suction side,
The reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B are operated so that b is on the discharge side. After confirming that the piston 4a has moved to the end,
Close the on-off valves V1 and V6, and close the on-off valves V2 and V5
And the reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B are operated so that the piston 4a is on the discharge side and the piston 4b is on the suction side.
After confirming that the piston 4b has moved to the end, the opening / closing valves V2 and V5 are closed, and the process returns to the above-described step, and the liquid can be sent by repeating this step.

(4) Drainage operation When draining from the patient's abdominal cavity to the drainage container 68,
The open / close valves V7 and V10 are opened, and all other open / close valves are closed, and the reciprocating drive units 21A and 21B are operated so that the piston 4a is on the suction side and the piston 4b is on the discharge side. After confirming that the piston 4a has moved to the end, the open / close valves V7 and V10 are closed, the open / close valves V8 and V9 are opened, and the reciprocating drive is performed so that the piston 4a is on the discharge side and the piston 4b is on the suction side. The units 21A and 21B are operated. After confirming that the piston 4b has moved to the end, the on-off valves V8 and V9 are closed, and the process returns to the above-mentioned process, and the liquid can be drained by repeating this process.

In the pumping cassette and the pumping device according to the present embodiment, the amount of the chemical solution sucked is determined by the pistons 4a and 4b.
The amount of movement can be accurately detected by the encoder and the lead of the ball screw, so that it can be accurately controlled.
Since it is shielded from the outside world by 9b, it is sanitary without bacteria and germs entering, and there is no room to twist and attach the tube, so it is safe and can be used at home. If it is not necessary to measure the volume below the chamber volume, the piston 4
It is also possible to provide limit switches (not shown) at both ends of the moving parts a and 4b and measure the number of reciprocations of the pistons 4a and 4b. Further, by alternately driving the two cylinder units 2A and 2B, the chemical liquid can be continuously sucked and supplied. When the opening and closing operations of the opening and closing valves V1 to V10 are combined, mixing of the chemical liquid and the like can be easily performed. I can do it.

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent contamination of various bacteria and bacteria, to be sanitary, easy to handle without the need for installation of tubes and the like, high in reliability, and possible to use at home. is there. Furthermore, the operation of sucking from a plurality of supply sources and supplying a chemical solution to a plurality of supply destinations or mixing two or more types of chemical solutions can be easily performed. According to the second aspect of the present invention, by alternately expanding and contracting the two liquid medicine sacks, the liquid medicine can be continuously sucked and discharged, and a stable supply of the liquid medicine can be performed. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the external drive mechanism can push and pull the piston rod of the cylinder unit to expand and contract the chemical solution sac in the cylinder, thereby suctioning and discharging the chemical solution, thereby enabling automatic operation. According to the invention of claim 4, since the amount of the chemical solution sucked into the liquid bag portion in the cylinder is proportional to the stroke position of the piston, the measurement accuracy of the chemical solution is high, and the treatment of the chemical solution is performed by changing the capacity of the chamber. The amount can be easily increased, and the number of times the on-off valve opens and closes is reduced, thereby reducing noise.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a pumping cassette according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pumping cassette.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the pumping cassette.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the pumping cassette.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a pumping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a peritoneal dialysis device to which the pumping device of the present invention is applied.

[Description of Signs] V1 to V10 Valves in cassette V11, V12 Relief valve 1 Base member 2A, 2B Cylinder unit 3a, 3b Cylinder 4a, 4b Piston 5a, 5b Piston rod 9a, 9b Chemical solution sack 11-20 Chemical solution path 21A, 21B Reciprocating drive 22 Control device

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4C066 AA01 AA07 CC01 DD11 FF01 HH02 JJ02 LL01 LL11 4C077 AA06 BB01 CC08 DD04 DD18 DD21 DD25 DD26 EE03 EE04 GG02 KK09 KK27 KK27

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A base member and a liquid medicine sack, wherein the base member has a chamber opened to an outer surface, an arbitrary number of connection ports, a liquid medicine passage communicating the chamber with the connection port, An opening / closing valve interposed in the liquid medicine path, and the liquid medicine sac includes a liquid bag part having elasticity or flexibility, and an open end thereof is liquid-tightly attached to the chamber. A pumping cassette for medical use, characterized in that: 2. The medical pumping cassette according to claim 1, wherein the chamber is formed in two places on the base member, and two chemical solution sacks are individually attached. 3. The medical pumping cassette, and an external drive mechanism for sucking and discharging a chemical solution into and from the medical solution sack, wherein the external drive mechanism includes a cylinder unit for expanding and contracting the chemical solution sack, and a piston of the cylinder unit. A reciprocating drive for reciprocating the rod. 4. The cylinder unit for accommodating a liquid bag portion of the liquid medicine sack, and is slidable in the cylinder, and is inserted between a bottom end of the cylinder and a top surface of the liquid medicine sack. 4. The medical pumping device according to claim 3, comprising a piston and a piston rod connected to the piston and protruding outward from a bottom end of the cylinder.