JP6782378B1 - Hydropower system that can be used in narrow and low flow channels - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroelectric power generation system using an open circumferential water turbine which efficiently generates electricity while utilizing the water flow energy (total head) taken into the water channel fluid without leaking even in a water channel having a small flow rate or flow velocity. SOLUTION: The open circumferential turbine is provided with an open circumferential turbine, a power generation device, an open circumferential turbine, and a water channel fluid for arranging the power generator, and the tip side of each of the open circumferential turbines. The shape is triangular, and the shape of the water channel flume is a V-shaped structure. A groove is provided at the bottom of the V-shaped structure so that the water flow can flow quickly, and the top of the triangular shape is the water flow of the groove. A hydroelectric power generation system characterized in that it is close to the groove so as to propel the rotation of the blade. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation device. Specifically, the present invention is installed in an existing water channel or the like, and even in a water channel having a small flow rate or flow velocity, the water flow energy (total head) taken into the water channel fluid is used without leaking, and the channel fluid is used. The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation system using an open circumferential water turbine that has a V-shape and is provided with a groove on the lower surface of the V-shaped bottom so that a water flow can flow quickly to increase the flow velocity (speed head) and generate energy efficiently.

In recent years, the global warming is accelerating, forest fires are occurring frequently, and the damage caused by large typhoons and torrential rains is increasing every year, and some places are eroded by seawater and cannot live. This is irreversible, knowing that all human beings have invited. The United Nations has taken the lead in formulating carbon dioxide reduction plans, and many countries have attended meetings and agreed with the tatemae theory, but when it comes to implementing the target figures, they are extending ahead with circumstances and reasons. Since the hydrogen explosion accident of nuclear reactor fuel rods due to the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 and the resulting loss of power at the Fukushima nuclear power plant of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan has also relied on fossil fuels to achieve its reduction target. Carbon dioxide reduction is now a common problem for all humankind, and there is a need for electricity that does not generate CO2.

For power generation using the hydraulic power of rivers, large-scale hydroelectric power generation by the dam method has been used conventionally, but the conventional dam method requires enormous construction cost and construction days, and deposits due to earth and sand generated during dam construction. However, small-scale hydroelectric power generation in the new energy power generation technology does not require a large-scale dam or water source, and a small water flow, although it left behind various problems such as the problem of Since it is possible to generate hydroelectric power using energy with relatively simple construction, it can be installed in mountainous areas, small and medium-sized rivers, agricultural waterways, water and sewage facilities, companies / factories, general households, etc. There are endless undeveloped areas in Japan where it is necessary to install small hydroelectric power generation, and future demand for electricity utilizing small hydroelectric power generation is highly expected as a new power generation system to replace nuclear power generation and thermal power generation. It is about to be done.

I want to contribute to the decentralization of electricity and invigorate the local towns by utilizing small hydropower, and I want to get involved from the local residents, that is, the place where people involved in small hydropower make small generators. , Using a small generator made by the local industry, the people involved in the area are the consumers of the electricity, and if this composition is stable, the inhabitants will settle in the area and be freed from the disparity society, and there will be alive. Population will increase if local communities return, create a crime-free, livable city, inherit the local culture, revive local festivals, and realize a society where not only the elderly but also young people can succeed It also leads to conversion.
Renewable energy 16% in 2017, its hydropower is 7.9%, and from the idea that hydropower can be increased if small hydropower is carried out in the area, a hydropower system that can be used in narrow and low-velocity waterways It was completed.

As a conventional technique, for example, a "hydroelectric power generation device" (Patent Document 1) has been proposed, which can efficiently generate hydroelectric power with a relatively small water flow without using a water head or the like. However, in this proposal, since the number of blades of the rotary blade is structurally small, the pulsation during rotation may become unstable, and the casing member formed of the metal plate is destroyed by the water pressure during flooding. There is a possibility that In addition, the type of water turbine that rotates laterally in the direction of rotation cannot obtain sufficient rotational force and conversion energy unless a constant flow velocity and amount of water are obtained during drought, but on the other hand, when the water level rises, the blades of the rotary blades flow in the entire area. By receiving the power properly, a negative effect acts on the rotational force and the rotational force becomes smaller, and the electric system and power transmission system may be immersed. Furthermore, inflowing foreign matter is likely to accumulate, and maintenance and cleaning maintenance are required. It was something that was needed frequently.

In addition, it can be quickly installed and relocated to small rivers with simple small-scale construction, and it is not affected by fluctuations in the water level of the water source, and stable output can always be obtained. A "small hydropower device incorporating it" (Patent Document 2) has been proposed. However, the proposal requires on-site construction to install a pair of anchorages on both banks facing each other across a narrow water flow, which requires high construction cost and construction days, and is required. It was not possible to sufficiently secure the rotational force and conversion energy of the water turbine because the means for obtaining the flow rate and flow velocity was not concretely configured.

An open-channel water turbine that can be installed in open channels such as conventional river natural streams, river weirs, and existing canals, and a throttle to increase the speed head on the upstream intake side of the canal flume. As a reference, a "low-velocity river hydraulic power generation system" (Patent Document 3) has been introduced. However, this proposal has a problem that the performance is significantly deteriorated if the amount of water in the channel does not have a certain flow rate, and it is not suitable when the amount of water in the channel is small.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-177977 Utility Model Registration No. 3158569 Utility model registration No. 3174457

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is installed in an existing water channel or the like, and even in a water channel having a small flow rate or flow velocity, the water flow energy (total head) taken into the water channel fluid is used without leaking, and the water channel fluid is used. Providing a hydroelectric power generation system using an open circumferential water turbine that has a V-shape and has a groove on the lower surface of the V-shaped bottom to increase the flow velocity (speed head) and generate energy efficiently. It is intended.

The present invention is a hydroelectric power generation system that can be used in a narrow-width, low-velocity waterway, for arranging an open circumferential turbine, a power generator, the open turbine, and the power generator. The shape of the tip side of each blade of the open circumferential turbine is triangular, the shape of the channel fluid is V-shaped, and the water flow is at the bottom of the V-shaped structure. fast flowing manner provided a groove, the triangular apex, a hydroelectric system, characterized in that said are close to the groove so that the rotation of the wing in water of the groove is promoted.

In the present invention, the kinetic energy of a small-scale water flow flowing through a river or an agricultural waterway is incorporated into the flume, and the blade of the impeller of the open circulation type water turbine is made into a triangular wing. It is a power generation system that can efficiently increase the number of rotations of an impeller by capturing the gravity of water and the flow of water flowing at a natural flow velocity by integrating the wings.

The hydroelectric power generation system of the present invention captures sea currents, tidal currents, and river flows in the near future, and the power generation device will generate electricity. Just as there is a subsidence bridge in the river, the pontoon is also used by sinking halfway. Build a ship, mount many rows of the canal flume on this pontoon, make an intake that is several times larger than the canal flume, incorporate the swelling part of the incoming water flow into the hydroelectric power generation system, and several units in a row ~ It is an excellent power generation system that uses more than a dozen open-circulation turbines and a power generation device to generate power.

It is a top view of the hydroelectric power generation system for a low flow velocity waterway which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the hydroelectric power generation system for a low flow velocity waterway which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the channel fluid, the groove, and the impeller. It is explanatory drawing of a waterway flume, a groove, and an impeller. It is a side view of the triangular blade 32 of an impeller, and the perspective view of a pentagon 40 with one blade.

The hydroelectric power generation system for a low-flow velocity water channel of the present invention is a hydroelectric power generation system that can be used in a narrow-width, low-velocity hydroelectric channel. It is a hydroelectric power generation system that is characterized by having a flume and a groove, and can efficiently generate power in a low flow velocity channel. Hereinafter, examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is also a plan view showing the entire low-velocity waterway hydroelectric power generation system of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an overall perspective view, and FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show a cross-sectional explanatory view.
The hydroelectric power generation system for a low-velocity canal of the present invention is a hydroelectric power generation system that can be used in a narrow-width and low-velocity canal, and includes an open circumferential turbine 30, a power generation device 50, and a canal fluid 20. The shape of the tip side of each of the blades 31 of the open circumferential turbine is triangular, and the shape of the channel flume is V-shaped structure 21 so that the water flow can flow quickly to the bottom of the V-shaped structure. A hydroelectric power generation system in which a groove portion 22 is provided, and the triangular top portion 32 is close to the groove portion 22 so that the rotation of the root portion 31 is promoted by the water flow of the groove portion 22.

For example, when the width of the canal is 1.5 m, the width of the canal flume is 1 m. Then, each dimension may be as follows.
(Case 1 When the width of the waterway is 1.5 m)
Waterway Flume Length 5m, Width 1m, Side wall height 0.5m
Groove with a width of 7.5 cm and a depth of 1.5 cm at the bottom of the groove Water turbine Diameter 1 m, width 0.5 m, number of blades 8 blades Triangular blade of impeller The center of the impeller is 5 cm, and both ends are 1 cm. It is extended in the same way as.

The material of the waterway flume should be hard plastics, and in order to reduce the weight, a panel containing an air layer should be used so that the entire system can be made lighter and the installation work can be simplified. , It is not limited to hard plastic, and any material suitable for the purpose of use such as FRP, CRP, and wood may be used.
The length of the canal flume may be 5.5 m or less, which can be easily transported by land, and the maximum is 5.5 m.
The impeller may have a triangular tip from the time of manufacture, and the shape of the blade at the time of manufacture shall be a pentagon 40, which shall be manufactured and attached to the water turbine. The size of the pentagon is a rectangle based on the width of the water turbine and the size of the triangular blade of the impeller, but the size is not limited to the above dimensions and may be any size that meets the object of the present invention.
The material of the blades of the impeller is preferably hard plastic, but the material is not limited to this, and any material suitable for the purpose of use such as FRP, CRP, and wood may be used.

The size of the groove at the bottom of the channel flume is not limited to a numerical value determined in proportion to the width of the channel flume, and is generally limited to this dimension. The number of impellers of the turbine is eight, but the number is not limited to this.

Small hydroelectric system of the present invention, assembled in combination scheme of the unit, or not a flywheel 15 is set to one of the axles, hydraulic turbine 30, driving wheel 9, water turbine 30 in the water channel center, one of the deformation rectangle The power generation system is completed by turning the belt to the small generator 50 attached to the lid of the water channel via the bouncing wheel 15, the moving wheel 9 on the other side, and the speed-increasing pulleys 11 and 12 attached thereto.
The small generator 50 is provided with a momentum wheel 15 in which an iron plate is attached to a plastic ring so that power generation can be sustained even if the amount of water fluctuates.

Experimental results for each of the features of the present invention, that the shape of the blade is triangular, that the bottom of the channel fluid is a V-shaped water wheel, and that a groove is provided at the bottom of the V-shaped channel. Is shown in Table 1.
The experiment was carried out assuming 1/10 of the practical equipment when the width of the water channel is 2 m , and the material of each part is plastic.

The bottom surface of the canal flume is not only V-shaped, but a groove with a width of 1.5 cm and a depth of 0.3 cm is provided in a straight line from end to end of the canal at the center of the bottom of the V-shape to create the role of water flow and blades. The shape of the car was made into a triangle, an experiment was conducted, and the number of rotations of the water wheel was measured. As a result, it was 101 rpm (Example 5). On the other hand, if there was no groove and the other conditions were the same, it was 81 rpm. (Example 4)

As a comparative experiment, when the bottom of the channel flume is flat, there is no groove, and the blades of the impeller are normal (Comparative Example 1), the bottom of the channel flume is flat, there is a groove, and the blades of the impeller are In the case of a normal one (Example 1), the bottom of the waterway flume is V-shaped, there is no groove, and the blade of the impeller is normal (Example 2), the bottom of the waterway flume is V-shaped. , The case where there is a groove and the blade of the impeller is a normal one (Example 3) was performed. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the rotation speed of each turbine.

Assuming that Comparative Example 1 having the conventional configuration and shape is 100, the number of revolutions of the water turbine, which is a guideline for the amount of hydroelectric power generation, is as shown in Table 2.

As shown in Table 2, experimental results show that Example 5 of the present invention has a power-up of 273% based on the number of revolutions of the water turbine as compared with the combination of the conventional products.

9 driving wheel
10 Small hydropower system
11 pulley a
12 pulley b
15 momentum car
20 Canal Flume
21 V-shaped structure
22 Groove
30 Open circuit type water turbine
31 Impeller Triangular Feather
32 Triangular wings (tip side)
40 Pentagon and triangular blade shapes of impellers
50 small hydroelectric generator

Claims (1)

A hydropower system that can be used in narrow, low flow channels.
Open circuit type water turbine and
Power generator and
It is provided with the open circulation type water turbine and a water channel fluid for arranging the power generation device.
The shape of the tip side of each blade of the open circulation type water turbine is triangular.
The cross-sectional shape of the channel flume is a V-shaped structure in which an inclined surface is formed up to the vicinity of the center of the bottom .
A groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the V-shaped structure so that the water flow can flow quickly.
A hydroelectric power generation system characterized in that the triangular top is close to the groove so that the rotation of the wings is propelled by the water flow of the groove.