JP6781550B2 - Power storage system and its control method - Google Patents

Power storage system and its control method Download PDF

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JP6781550B2
JP6781550B2 JP2016017402A JP2016017402A JP6781550B2 JP 6781550 B2 JP6781550 B2 JP 6781550B2 JP 2016017402 A JP2016017402 A JP 2016017402A JP 2016017402 A JP2016017402 A JP 2016017402A JP 6781550 B2 JP6781550 B2 JP 6781550B2
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power storage
storage device
power
request
predetermined range
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JP2017139843A (en
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和馬 ▲徳▼山
和馬 ▲徳▼山
林　正人
正人 林
浜松　正典
正典 浜松
秀明 江崎
秀明 江崎
聡一郎 阪東
聡一郎 阪東
大野　達也
達也 大野
武田　和也
和也 武田
泰典 久次米
泰典 久次米
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Description

本発明は、高エネルギ密度の蓄電装置および高出力密度の蓄電装置を備えている電力貯蔵システムおよびその制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a power storage system including a high energy density power storage device and a high output density power storage device, and a control method thereof.

従来、高エネルギ密度および高出力密度を両立する電力貯蔵システムとして、たとえば、特許文献１の電力貯蔵システムが知られている。この電力貯蔵システムは、電力変換器、二次電池、キャパシタおよび制御装置を備えている。電力変換器の負荷側端子が負荷に接続されている。また、電力変換器の電源側端子は、二次電池に接続されると共に、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータを介して二次電池と並列にキャパシタに接続されている。そして、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータは、二次電池よりもキャパシタが優先して充放電するように制御装置により制御されている。 Conventionally, as a power storage system that achieves both high energy density and high output density, for example, the power storage system of Patent Document 1 is known. This power storage system includes a power converter, a secondary battery, a capacitor and a control device. The load side terminal of the power converter is connected to the load. Further, the power supply side terminal of the power converter is connected to the secondary battery and is also connected to the capacitor in parallel with the secondary battery via the DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter is controlled by a control device so that the capacitor preferentially charges and discharges over the secondary battery.

特開２０１６−００１９３６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-001936

特許文献１の電力貯蔵システムでは、キャパシタの残存容量が調整されずに、二次電池よりもキャパシタが優先して充放電するよう制御されている。このため、キャパシタの残存容量が少ないときにキャパシタから放電できない、または、キャパシタの残存容量が多いときにキャパシタに充電できないという状況が生じる可能性がある。よって、この電力貯蔵システムには、高エネルギ密度および高出力密度の両立について改善の余地があった。 In the power storage system of Patent Document 1, the remaining capacity of the capacitor is not adjusted, and the capacitor is controlled to be charged and discharged preferentially over the secondary battery. Therefore, there is a possibility that the capacitor cannot be discharged when the remaining capacity of the capacitor is small, or the capacitor cannot be charged when the remaining capacity of the capacitor is large. Therefore, there is room for improvement in both high energy density and high output density in this power storage system.

本発明はこのような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、高エネルギ密度および高出力密度をより確実に両立することが可能な電力貯蔵システムおよびその制御方法を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power storage system capable of more reliably achieving both high energy density and high output density and a control method thereof. ..

本発明のある態様に係る電力貯蔵システムの制御方法は、第１蓄電装置と第２蓄電装置とが互いに並列に接続され、前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高い、電力貯蔵システムにおいて、給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させる。 In the control method of the power storage system according to an aspect of the present invention, the first power storage device and the second power storage device are connected in parallel with each other, and the output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device. In a power storage system in which the energy density of the second power storage device is higher than that of the first power storage device, the first power storage device is discharged or charged in response to a power supply request and a power storage request. The second power storage device is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device.

この電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記給電要求および前記蓄電要求がないときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲内でない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲またはそれに近づくように前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させてもよい。 In the control method of this power storage system, if the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is not within the predetermined range when there is no power supply request and the power storage request, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device approaches or approaches the predetermined range. The second power storage device may be discharged or charged as described above.

また、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記給電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲内でない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の放電電力または充電電力と前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が前記給電要求の電力になるように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させてもよい。 Further, in the control method of the power storage system, when the power supply request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is not within a predetermined range, the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device and the second power storage device are used. The first power storage device may be discharged or charged, and the second power storage device may be discharged or charged so that the total power of the discharge power or the charging power becomes the power of the power supply request.

ここで、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記給電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲内より多い場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させてもよい。また、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記給電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲内より少ない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、または、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲よりさらに少なくなるのを抑制するように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させてもよい。 Here, in the control method of the power storage system, when the power supply request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is in the predetermined range or the predetermined range. The first power storage device may be discharged and the second power storage device may be charged so as to approach each other. Further, in the control method of the power storage system, when the power supply request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device approaches or approaches the predetermined range. As described above, or so as to prevent the remaining capacity of the first power storage device from becoming smaller than the predetermined range, the first power storage device may be discharged or charged, and the second power storage device may be discharged. Good.

さらに、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記蓄電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲内でない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の放電電力または充電電力と前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が前記蓄電要求の電力になるように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させてもよい。 Further, in the control method of the power storage system, when the storage request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is not within the predetermined range, the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device and the second power storage device are used. The first power storage device may be discharged or charged, and the second power storage device may be discharged or charged so that the total power of the discharge power or the charging power becomes the power of the power storage request.

ここで、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記蓄電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲内より少ない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させてもよい。また、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法において、前記蓄電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲内より多い場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、または、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲よりさらに多くなるのを抑制するように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させてもよい。 Here, in the control method of the power storage system, when the storage request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is in the predetermined range or the predetermined range. The first power storage device may be charged and the second power storage device may be discharged so as to approach each other. Further, in the control method of the power storage system, when the storage request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device approaches or approaches the predetermined range. In this way, or so as to prevent the remaining capacity of the first power storage device from becoming larger than the predetermined range, the first power storage device may be discharged or charged, and the second power storage device may be charged. Good.

また、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法に用いられる前記電力貯蔵システムは、前記第１蓄電装置と前記第２蓄電装置とを充放電制御回路を介さずに接続および遮断できる電路を備え、前記第１蓄電装置の放電電力を前記第２蓄電装置に充電する場合、または、前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力を前記第１蓄電装置に充電する場合、前記第１蓄電装置と前記第２蓄電装置とを接続してもよい。 Further, the power storage system used in the control method of the power storage system includes an electric path capable of connecting and disconnecting the first power storage device and the second power storage device without going through a charge / discharge control circuit, and includes the first power storage device. When the discharge power of the device is charged to the second power storage device, or when the discharge power of the second power storage device is charged to the first power storage device, the first power storage device and the second power storage device are connected. You may.

本発明の別の態様に係る電力貯蔵システムは、第１蓄電装置と、前記第１蓄電装置に並列に接続される第２蓄電装置と、前記第１蓄電装置および前記第２蓄電装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高く、前記制御装置は、給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させるように構成されている。 The power storage system according to another aspect of the present invention controls a first power storage device, a second power storage device connected in parallel to the first power storage device, the first power storage device, and the second power storage device. A control device is provided, the output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device, and the energy density of the second power storage device is higher than the energy density of the first power storage device. The control device is configured to discharge or charge the first power storage device in response to a power supply request and a power storage request, and discharge or charge the second power storage device in response to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device. ing.

本発明は、以上に説明した構成を有し、高エネルギ密度および高出力密度をより確実に両立することが可能な電力貯蔵システムおよびその制御方法を提供することができるという効果を奏する。 The present invention has the effect of being able to provide a power storage system and a control method thereof, which have the configuration described above and can more reliably achieve both high energy density and high output density.

本発明の上記目的、他の目的、特徴、および利点は、添付図面参照の下、以下の好適な実施態様の詳細な説明から明らかにされる。 The above objectives, other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本発明の実施形態１に係る電力貯蔵システムの構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power storage system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 図１の電力貯蔵システムの制御方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control method of the power storage system of FIG. 図１の電力貯蔵システムの制御方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control method of the power storage system of FIG. 図１の電力貯蔵システムの制御方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control method of the power storage system of FIG. 図１の電力貯蔵システムに対する給電電力および蓄電電力のプロファイルを概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the profile of the power supply power and the stored power with respect to the power storage system of FIG. 図６Ａは、大電力出力の給電要求に対する各蓄電装置の充放電電力を概略的に示す図であり、図６Ｂは、小電力出力の給電要求に対する各蓄電装置の充放電電力を概略的に示す図であり、図６Ｃは、大電力入力の蓄電要求に対する各蓄電装置の充放電電力を概略的に示す図であり、図６Ｄは、小電力入力の蓄電要求に対する各蓄電装置の充放電電力を概略的に示す図である。FIG. 6A is a diagram schematically showing the charge / discharge power of each power storage device in response to a high power output power supply request, and FIG. 6B is a diagram schematically showing the charge / discharge power of each power storage device in response to a low power output power supply request. 6C is a diagram schematically showing the charge / discharge power of each power storage device in response to a high power input storage request, and FIG. 6D is a diagram showing the charge / discharge power of each power storage device in response to a low power input power storage request. It is a figure which shows schematicly. 本発明の実施形態２に係る電力貯蔵システムの構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power storage system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら具体的に説明する。なお、以下では全ての図面を通じて同一または相当する要素には同一の参照符号を付して、その重複する説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the following, the same or corresponding elements will be designated by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings, and duplicate description thereof will be omitted.

（実施の形態１）
実施形態１に係る電力貯蔵システム１０の構成について、図１を参照しながら説明する。電力貯蔵システム１０は、第１蓄電装置１１、第２蓄電装置１２および制御装置１３を備えている。この第１蓄電装置１１と第２蓄電装置１２とが互いに並列に接続されている。電力貯蔵システム１０は、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ３０を介して外部機器３１が接続されている。外部機器３１は、電力貯蔵システム１０から出力される電力を消費したり、電力貯蔵システム１０に電力を供給したりする。 (Embodiment 1)
The configuration of the power storage system 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The power storage system 10 includes a first power storage device 11, a second power storage device 12, and a control device 13. The first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 are connected in parallel with each other. In the power storage system 10, an external device 31 is connected via a DC / AC inverter 30. The external device 31 consumes the electric power output from the electric power storage system 10 or supplies the electric power to the electric power storage system 10.

ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ（電力変換器）３０は、負荷側端子が外部機器３１に接続されている。ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ３０は、電源側端子に入力される直流電力を交流電力に変換して、交流電力を負荷側端子から出力する。また、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ３０は、負荷側端子に入力される交流電力を直流電力に変換して、直流電力を電源側端子から出力する。この電源側端子には、第１蓄電装置１１と第２蓄電装置１２とが互いに並列に接続されている。第１蓄電装置１１は、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５を介してＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ３０の電源側端子に接続されている。 The load side terminal of the DC / AC inverter (power converter) 30 is connected to the external device 31. The DC / AC inverter 30 converts the DC power input to the power supply side terminal into AC power, and outputs the AC power from the load side terminal. Further, the DC / AC inverter 30 converts the AC power input to the load side terminal into DC power and outputs the DC power from the power supply side terminal. The first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 are connected in parallel to each other at the power supply side terminal. The first power storage device 11 is connected to the power supply side terminal of the DC / AC inverter 30 via the DC / DC converter 15.

具体的には、一対の配線で構成されるＤＣリンク１４を介して第２蓄電装置１２がＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ３０の電源側端子に接続され、このＤＣリンク１４に第１蓄電装置１１がＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５を介して接続されている。 Specifically, the second power storage device 12 is connected to the power supply side terminal of the DC / AC inverter 30 via a DC link 14 composed of a pair of wires, and the first power storage device 11 is DC / to the DC link 14. It is connected via a DC converter 15.

第１蓄電装置１１は、第２蓄電装置１２よりも出力密度が高い高出力型蓄電デバイスである。第１蓄電装置１１として、たとえば、キャパシタおよび二次電池が挙げられ、キャパシタにはリチウムイオンキャパシタおよび電気二重層キャパシタが例示される。第１蓄電装置１１が一般的な特性のキャパシタである場合、第１蓄電装置１１は、電荷を直接的に（反応を介さずに）蓄積し、蓄積した電荷を直接放出する。 The first power storage device 11 is a high-power power storage device having a higher output density than the second power storage device 12. Examples of the first power storage device 11 include a capacitor and a secondary battery, and examples of the capacitor include a lithium ion capacitor and an electric double layer capacitor. When the first power storage device 11 is a capacitor having general characteristics, the first power storage device 11 directly stores the electric charge (without going through a reaction) and directly releases the accumulated charge.

ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５は、通流率を変化させて第１蓄電装置１１の電流を変化させる。ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５は、電圧を変えることが可能な昇圧機能または降圧機能を有していてもよい。第１蓄電装置１１の接続点とＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５との間においてＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５に直列に直流リアクトル１６（ＤＣＬ）が接続されている。直流リアクトル１６は、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５から出力されるまたはＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５に入力される電流を平滑化する。 The DC / DC converter 15 changes the flow rate to change the current of the first power storage device 11. The DC / DC converter 15 may have a step-up function or a step-down function capable of changing the voltage. A direct current reactor 16 (DCL) is connected in series with the DC / DC converter 15 between the connection point of the first power storage device 11 and the DC / DC converter 15. The DC reactor 16 smoothes the current output from the DC / DC converter 15 or input to the DC / DC converter 15.

第２蓄電装置１２は、第１蓄電装置１１よりもエネルギ密度が高い大容量型蓄電デバイスである。第２蓄電装置１２としては、たとえば、リチウムイオン電池、ニッケル水素電池および鉛蓄電池が用いられる。この場合、第２蓄電装置１２は、電荷を化学反応または物理反応を介して蓄積し、蓄積した電荷を逆反応を介して放出する。 The second power storage device 12 is a large-capacity power storage device having a higher energy density than the first power storage device 11. As the second power storage device 12, for example, a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, and a lead storage battery are used. In this case, the second power storage device 12 accumulates the electric charge through a chemical reaction or a physical reaction, and releases the accumulated electric charge through a reverse reaction.

制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２の充放電をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５により制御する。たとえば、制御装置１３は、給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させる。また、第１蓄電装置１１の残存容量（State Of Charge）（以下、「第１ＳＯＣ」と称す。）に応じて第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。制御装置１３は、演算処理部と、制御プログラムを記憶する記憶部とを備える。演算処理部としてはＭＰＵおよびＣＰＵが例示され、記憶部としてはメモリが例示される。制御装置１３は、集中制御を行う単独の制御装置１３で構成されていてもよく、互いに協働して分散制御を行う複数の制御装置１３で構成されていてもよい。 The control device 13 controls the charging / discharging of the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 by the DC / DC converter 15. For example, the control device 13 discharges or charges the first power storage device 11 in response to the power supply request and the power storage request. Further, the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity (State Of Charge) of the first power storage device 11 (hereinafter, referred to as "first SOC"). The control device 13 includes an arithmetic processing unit and a storage unit that stores a control program. An MPU and a CPU are exemplified as the arithmetic processing unit, and a memory is exemplified as the storage unit. The control device 13 may be composed of a single control device 13 that performs centralized control, or may be composed of a plurality of control devices 13 that perform distributed control in cooperation with each other.

次に、図２〜図６Ｄを参照して、電力貯蔵システム１０の制御方法を具体的に説明する。図２〜図４に示す制御方法は、制御装置１３により制御される。この制御装置１３は、外部制御器に接続され、電力貯蔵システム１０に接続される外部機器３１の給電要求または蓄電要求を外部制御器（図示せず）から取得する。 Next, the control method of the power storage system 10 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6D. The control method shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is controlled by the control device 13. The control device 13 acquires a power supply request or a power storage request of the external device 31 connected to the external controller and connected to the power storage system 10 from the external controller (not shown).

まず、制御装置１３は、外部機器３１の給電要求または蓄電要求が外部制御器から入力されているか否かを監視する(ステップＳ１)。給電要求および蓄電要求が制御装置１３に入力されていない場合(ステップＳ１：ＮＯ)、制御装置１３は、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内であるか否かを判定する(ステップＳ２)。この第１ＳＯＣは電圧または電流を測定することにより得られる。つまり、第１蓄電装置１１が一般的な特性のキャパシタである場合、第１ＳＯＣは第１蓄電装置１１の電圧の二乗に比例するため、第１蓄電装置１１の電圧を測定することにより、第１ＳＯＣが得られる。また、第１蓄電装置１１の充放電の電流値を測定し、この電流値を積算して第１蓄電装置１１に対する入出力した電荷量を求め、この電荷量から第１ＳＯＣが得られる。 First, the control device 13 monitors whether or not a power supply request or a power storage request of the external device 31 is input from the external controller (step S1). When the power supply request and the power storage request are not input to the control device 13 (step S1: NO), the control device 13 determines whether or not the first SOC is within a predetermined range (step S2). This first SOC is obtained by measuring voltage or current. That is, when the first power storage device 11 is a capacitor having general characteristics, the first SOC is proportional to the square of the voltage of the first power storage device 11, so the first SOC is measured by measuring the voltage of the first power storage device 11. Is obtained. Further, the charge / discharge current values of the first power storage device 11 are measured, and the current values are integrated to obtain the amount of charge input / output to the first power storage device 11, and the first SOC is obtained from this charge amount.

所定範囲としては、たとえば、電力貯蔵システム１０の充放電のプロファイルに基づいて予め定められる。たとえば、図５に示す電力貯蔵システム１０の充放電のプロファイルでは、３回の放電（時間ｄ）が電力貯蔵システム１０から行われ、１回の充電（時間ｃ）が電力貯蔵システム１０で行われている。この放電のそれぞれでは第１ＳＯＣの１０％の電力量が電力貯蔵システム１０から出力されており、充電では第１ＳＯＣの３０％の電力量が電力貯蔵システム１０に供給されている。このため、所定範囲は、第１ＳＯＣの３０％以上７０％以下と設定することができる。 The predetermined range is predetermined, for example, based on the charge / discharge profile of the power storage system 10. For example, in the charge / discharge profile of the power storage system 10 shown in FIG. 5, three discharges (time d) are performed from the power storage system 10 and one charge (time c) is performed in the power storage system 10. ing. In each of these discharges, 10% of the power of the first SOC is output from the power storage system 10, and in charging, 30% of the power of the first SOC is supplied to the power storage system 10. Therefore, the predetermined range can be set to 30% or more and 70% or less of the first SOC.

なお、時間ｄには制御装置１３に給電要求が入力され、時間ｃには制御装置１３に蓄電要求が入力されている。この間の時間ｉには給電要求および蓄電要求がなく、ここで、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内であるか否かが判定される。 A power supply request is input to the control device 13 at time d, and a power storage request is input to the control device 13 at time c. During the time i during this period, there is no power supply request or power storage request, and here it is determined whether or not the first SOC is within a predetermined range.

そして、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内でない場合(ステップＳ２：ＮＯ)、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる(ステップＳ３)。つまり、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より少ない場合、制御装置１３は、第２蓄電装置１２から出力された電力が第１蓄電装置１１に蓄えられるように、第２蓄電装置１２の放電指令をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５に出力する。これに対し、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より多い場合、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１から出力された電力が第２蓄電装置１２に蓄えられるように、第２蓄電装置１２の充電指令をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１５に出力する。これにより、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内になり、給電要求または蓄電要求に対して第１蓄電装置１１は放電および充電できるようになる。 Then, when the first SOC is not within the predetermined range (step S2: NO), the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged so that the first SOC is within the predetermined range or close to the predetermined range (step S3). That is, when the first SOC is less than the predetermined range, the control device 13 issues a discharge command of the second power storage device 12 to DC / DC so that the power output from the second power storage device 12 is stored in the first power storage device 11. Output to converter 15. On the other hand, when the first SOC is greater than the predetermined range, the control device 13 issues a charge command for the second power storage device 12 to DC so that the power output from the first power storage device 11 is stored in the second power storage device 12. Output to / DC converter 15. As a result, the first SOC becomes within a predetermined range, and the first power storage device 11 can discharge and charge in response to a power supply request or a power storage request.

一方、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内である場合(ステップＳ２：ＹＥＳ)、給電要求または蓄電要求があっても、この要求に応じて第１蓄電装置１１から充放電を行うことができる。このため、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる必要がない。 On the other hand, when the first SOC is within a predetermined range (step S2: YES), even if there is a power supply request or a power storage request, charging / discharging can be performed from the first power storage device 11 in response to this request. Therefore, it is not necessary to discharge or charge the second power storage device 12 so that the first SOC is in or near a predetermined range.

また、ステップＳ１の処理において、給電要求または蓄電要求が制御装置１３に入力されている場合(ステップＳ１：ＹＥＳ)、制御装置１３は、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内であるか否かを判定する(ステップＳ４)。第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内であれば(ステップＳ４：ＹＥＳ)、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力により給電要求の電力を賄うことができ、第１蓄電装置１１は蓄電要求の電力を蓄えることができる。このため、制御装置１３は、給電要求に応じて第１蓄電装置１１から放電を行う、または、蓄電要求に応じて第１蓄電装置１１から充電を行う(ステップＳ５)。 Further, in the process of step S1, when a power supply request or a power storage request is input to the control device 13 (step S1: YES), the control device 13 determines whether or not the first SOC is within a predetermined range (step S1: YES). Step S4). If the first SOC is within a predetermined range (step S4: YES), the power of the power supply request can be covered by the discharge power of the first power storage device 11, and the first power storage device 11 can store the power of the power storage request. .. Therefore, the control device 13 discharges from the first power storage device 11 in response to the power supply request, or charges from the first power storage device 11 in response to the power storage request (step S5).

つまり、図６Ａ（ｂ）および図６Ｂ（ｂ）に示すように給電要求の電力Ｗｄに相当する電力Ｗ１を第１蓄電装置１１から放出する、または、図６Ｃ（ｂ）および図６Ｄ（ｂ）に示すように蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃに相当する電力Ｗ１を第１蓄電装置１１に蓄える。なお、図６において、給電要求の電力および放電電力を上向き（正の方向）矢印のベクトルで示し、蓄電要求の電力および充電電力を下向き（負の方向）矢印のベクトルで示す。 That is, as shown in FIGS. 6A (b) and 6B (b), the power W1 corresponding to the power Wd of the power supply request is discharged from the first power storage device 11, or FIGS. 6C (b) and 6D (b). As shown in the above, the electric power W1 corresponding to the electric power Wc required for electric power storage is stored in the first electric power storage device 11. In FIG. 6, the power supply request power and the discharge power are indicated by the upward (positive direction) arrow vector, and the power storage request power and the charge power are indicated by the downward (negative direction) arrow vector.

一方、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内でなければ(ステップＳ４：ＮＯ)、制御装置１３は、外部制御器からの要求が給電要求であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ６）。ここで、給電要求であれば（ステップＳ６：ＹＥＳ）、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力または充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が給電要求の電力Ｗｄになるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。 On the other hand, if the first SOC is not within the predetermined range (step S4: NO), the control device 13 determines whether or not the request from the external controller is a power supply request (step S6). Here, if the power supply request is made (step S6: YES), the total power of the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power or charge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power supply Wd of the power supply request. As described above, the first power storage device 11 is discharged or charged, and the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged.

たとえば、給電要求の際、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より多いと（ステップＳ７：ＹＥＳ）、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を充電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力との合計電力が給電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電し、第２蓄電装置１２を充電する（ステップＳ８）。但し、給電要求の電力Ｗｄが第１蓄電装置１１の許容出力電力を超えることがないように、電力貯蔵システム１０が設計されていることを前提とする。この場合、図６Ａ（ａ）および図６Ｂ（ａ）で示すように、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力Ｗ１−第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力Ｗ２＝給電要求の電力Ｗｄ、になる。これにより、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力Ｗ１により給電要求の電力Ｗｄを賄うと共に、これで残った電力Ｗ２を第２蓄電装置１２に充電する。これにより、第１ＳＯＣを所定範囲またはこれに近くなるように第１ＳＯＣを減少させながら、給電要求に対応することができる。 For example, when the power supply request is made, if the first SOC is more than the predetermined range (step S7: YES), the first power storage device 11 is discharged and the second power storage device 12 is charged so that the first SOC is in or near the predetermined range. Let me. Therefore, the control device 13 discharges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the discharge power of the first power storage device 11 and the charge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power of the power supply request, and the second power storage device 11 is discharged. The power storage device 12 is charged (step S8). However, it is premised that the power storage system 10 is designed so that the power Wd of the power supply request does not exceed the allowable output power of the first power storage device 11. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the discharge power W1 of the first power storage device 11 and the charge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 = the power Wd of the power supply request. As a result, the discharge power W1 of the first power storage device 11 covers the power Wd of the power supply request, and the remaining power W2 is charged to the second power storage device 12. As a result, it is possible to respond to the power supply request while reducing the first SOC so that the first SOC is within or close to a predetermined range.

一方、給電要求の際、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より少ない場合（ステップＳ７：ＮＯ）、給電要求の電力が大電力出力であるか否かを制御装置１３が判定する（ステップＳ９）。ここで、給電要求の電力が第２蓄電装置１２の許容出力電力以上である場合、大電力出力であると判定される。 On the other hand, when the power supply request is made and the first SOC is less than the predetermined range (step S7: NO), the control device 13 determines whether or not the power supply request power is a large power output (step S9). Here, when the power of the power supply request is equal to or more than the allowable output power of the second power storage device 12, it is determined that the power is high power output.

この給電要求の電力が大電力出力である場合（ステップＳ９：ＹＥＳ）、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲よりさらに少なくなるのを抑制するように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力との合計電力が給電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電し、第２蓄電装置１２を放電する（ステップＳ１０）。この場合、図６Ａ（ｃ）に示すように、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力Ｗ１＋第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２＝給電要求の電力Ｗｄ、になる。この第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２は第２蓄電装置１２の許容出力電力以下である。よって、第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２により給電要求の電力Ｗｄを賄い、これで足りない電力Ｗ１を第１蓄電装置１１で放電する。これにより、放電による第１ＳＯＣの減少を抑えつつ、給電要求に対応することができる。 When the power of the power supply request is a large power output (step S9: YES), the first power storage device 11 is discharged and the second power storage device 12 is suppressed so as to prevent the first SOC from becoming smaller than the predetermined range. To discharge. Therefore, the control device 13 discharges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the discharge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power of the power supply request, and the second power storage device 11 is discharged. The power storage device 12 is discharged (step S10). In this case, as shown in FIG. 6A (c), the discharge power W1 of the first power storage device 11 + the discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 = the power Wd of the power supply request. The discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 is equal to or less than the allowable output power of the second power storage device 12. Therefore, the discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 covers the power Wd required for power supply, and the first power storage device 11 discharges the insufficient power W1. As a result, it is possible to respond to the power supply request while suppressing the decrease in the first SOC due to the discharge.

なお、給電要求の電力が大電力出力である場合に（ステップＳ９：ＹＥＳ）、第１ＳＯＣが０％未満であるときは、制御装置１３は第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２の放電を禁止してもよい。この場合、電力貯蔵システム１０を停止してもよい。これにより、第１蓄電装置１１の過放電が防止され、電力貯蔵システム１０の劣化を抑制することができる。 When the power of the power supply request is a large power output (step S9: YES) and the first SOC is less than 0%, the control device 13 discharges the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12. It may be prohibited. In this case, the power storage system 10 may be stopped. As a result, over-discharging of the first power storage device 11 can be prevented, and deterioration of the power storage system 10 can be suppressed.

一方、給電要求の電力が大電力出力でない場合に（ステップＳ９：ＮＯ）、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力との合計電力が給電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電し、第２蓄電装置１２を放電する（ステップＳ１１）。この場合、図６Ｂ（ｃ）に示すように、第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２−第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力Ｗ１＝給電要求の電力Ｗｄ、になる。この第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２を第２蓄電装置１２の許容出力電力以下である。これにより、第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２によって給電要求の電力Ｗｄを賄うと共に、これで残った電力Ｗ１を第１蓄電装置１１に充電する。これにより、第１ＳＯＣを増加させながら、給電要求に対応することができる。 On the other hand, when the power of the power supply request is not a large power output (step S9: NO), the first power storage device 11 is charged and the second power storage device 12 is discharged so that the first SOC is within or close to a predetermined range. Therefore, the control device 13 charges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power of the power supply request, and the second power storage device 11 is charged. The power storage device 12 is discharged (step S11). In this case, as shown in FIG. 6B (c), the discharge power W of the second power storage device 12 2-the charge power W1 of the first power storage device 11 = the power Wd of the power supply request. The discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 is equal to or less than the allowable output power of the second power storage device 12. As a result, the discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 covers the power Wd of the power supply request, and the remaining power W1 is charged to the first power storage device 11. As a result, it is possible to respond to the power supply request while increasing the first SOC.

また、ステップＳ６の処理において給電要求でなく、蓄電要求と判定した場合（ステップＳ６：ＮＯ）、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力または充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃになるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。 Further, when it is determined in the process of step S6 that the power storage request is not a power supply request (step S6: NO), the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power or charge power of the second power storage device 12 The first power storage device 11 is discharged or charged, and the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged so that the total power becomes the power Wc required for storage.

たとえば、蓄電要求の際、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より少ない場合（ステップＳ１２：ＹＥＳ）、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力との合計電力が蓄電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電し、第２蓄電装置１２を放電する（ステップＳ１３）。但し、蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃが第１蓄電装置１１の許容入力電力を超えることがないように、電力貯蔵システム１０が設計されていることを前提とする。この場合、図６Ｃ（ｃ）および図６Ｄ（ｃ）に示すように、第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力Ｗ１−第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２＝蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃ、になる。この第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２は第２蓄電装置１２の許容出力電力以下である。これにより、蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃおよび第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力Ｗ２を第１蓄電装置１１に充電するため、蓄電要求に対応すると共に、第１ＳＯＣを増加させて所定範囲またはそれに近づけることができる。 For example, when the storage request is made, when the first SOC is less than the predetermined range (step S12: YES), the first storage device 11 is charged and the second storage device 12 is discharged so that the first SOC is in or near the predetermined range. Let me. Therefore, the control device 13 charges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power for the storage request, and the second power storage device 11 is charged. The power storage device 12 is discharged (step S13). However, it is premised that the power storage system 10 is designed so that the power Wc required for storage does not exceed the allowable input power of the first power storage device 11. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 6C (c) and 6D (c), the charging power W1 of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 = the power storage request power Wc. The discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 is equal to or less than the allowable output power of the second power storage device 12. As a result, since the power Wc of the power storage request and the discharge power W2 of the second power storage device 12 are charged to the first power storage device 11, the first SOC can be increased to meet or approach the predetermined range while responding to the power storage request. ..

一方、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲より多い場合（ステップＳ１２：ＮＯ）、制御装置１３は、蓄電要求の電力が大電力入力であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１４）。ここで、蓄電要求の電力が第２蓄電装置１２の許容入力電力以上である場合、大電力入力であると判定される（ステップＳ１４：ＹＥＳ）。この場合、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲よりさらに多くなるのを抑制するように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を充電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力との合計電力が蓄電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を充電し、第２蓄電装置１２を充電する（ステップＳ１５）。この場合、図６Ｃ（ａ）に示すように、第１蓄電装置１１の充電電力Ｗ１＋第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力Ｗ２＝蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃ、になる。この第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力Ｗ２は第２蓄電装置１２の許容入力電力以下である。これにより、蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃを第２蓄電装置１２で蓄え、これで余った電力Ｗ１を第１蓄電装置１１に蓄えるため、蓄電要求に対応しつつ、蓄電による第１ＳＯＣの増加を抑えることができる。 On the other hand, when the first SOC is more than the predetermined range (step S12: NO), the control device 13 determines whether or not the power of the storage request is a large power input (step S14). Here, when the power of the storage request is equal to or larger than the allowable input power of the second power storage device 12, it is determined that the power is a large power input (step S14: YES). In this case, the first power storage device 11 is charged and the second power storage device 12 is charged so as to prevent the first SOC from becoming more than the predetermined range. Therefore, the control device 13 charges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the charging power of the first power storage device 11 and the charging power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power of the storage request, and the second power storage device 11 is charged. The power storage device 12 is charged (step S15). In this case, as shown in FIG. 6C (a), the charging power W1 of the first power storage device 11 + the charging power W2 of the second power storage device 12 = the power storage request power Wc. The charging power W2 of the second power storage device 12 is equal to or less than the allowable input power of the second power storage device 12. As a result, the electric power Wc of the electricity storage request is stored in the second electric power storage device 12, and the surplus electric power W1 is stored in the first electric power storage device 11, so that the increase of the first SOC due to the electric power storage can be suppressed while responding to the electric power storage request. it can.

なお、蓄電要求の電力が大電力入力である場合に（ステップＳ１４：ＹＥＳ）、第１ＳＯＣが１００％以上であるとき、制御装置１３は第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２の充電を禁止してもよい。この場合、電力貯蔵システム１０を停止してもよい。これにより、第１蓄電装置１１の過充電が防止され、電力貯蔵システム１０の劣化や熱暴走を抑制することができる。 When the power of the storage request is a large power input (step S14: YES) and the first SOC is 100% or more, the control device 13 prohibits charging of the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12. You may. In this case, the power storage system 10 may be stopped. As a result, overcharging of the first power storage device 11 can be prevented, and deterioration of the power storage system 10 and thermal runaway can be suppressed.

一方、蓄電要求の電力が大電力入力でない場合に（ステップＳ１４：ＮＯ）、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を充電させる。このため、制御装置１３は、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力との合計電力が蓄電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電し、第２蓄電装置１２を充電する（ステップＳ１６）。この場合、図６Ｄ（ａ）で示すように、第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力Ｗ２−第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力Ｗ１＝蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃ、になる。この第２蓄電装置１２の充電電力Ｗ２は第２蓄電装置１２の許容入力電力以下である。これにより、第２蓄電装置１２は、蓄電要求の電力Ｗｃを蓄え、蓄電要求に対応すると共に、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力Ｗ１を蓄え、第１ＳＯＣを所定範囲またはそれに近い値に減少させることができる。 On the other hand, when the power of the storage request is not a large power input (step S14: NO), the first power storage device 11 is discharged and the second power storage device 12 is charged so that the first SOC is in or near a predetermined range. Therefore, the control device 13 discharges the first power storage device 11 so that the total power of the discharge power of the first power storage device 11 and the charge power of the second power storage device 12 becomes the power for the storage request, and the second power storage device 11 is discharged. The power storage device 12 is charged (step S16). In this case, as shown in FIG. 6D (a), the charging power W2 of the second power storage device 12 and the discharge power W1 of the first power storage device 11 = the power storage request power Wc. The charging power W2 of the second power storage device 12 is equal to or less than the allowable input power of the second power storage device 12. As a result, the second power storage device 12 stores the power Wc of the power storage request, responds to the power storage request, stores the discharge power W1 of the first power storage device 11, and reduces the first SOC to a predetermined range or a value close to it. Can be done.

上記構成によれば、給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させ、第１蓄電装置１１の残存容量に応じて第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。これにより、電力貯蔵システム１０は高エネルギ密度および高出力密度をより確実に両立することができる。 According to the above configuration, the first power storage device 11 is discharged or charged in response to the power supply request and the power storage request, and the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged in response to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device 11. As a result, the power storage system 10 can more reliably achieve both high energy density and high output density.

たとえば、給電要求および蓄電要求がないときに、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内でなければ、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲またはそれに近づくように第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。これにより、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内に調整されるため、第１ＳＯＣが少なくて第１蓄電装置１１から放電できない事態、および、第１ＳＯＣが少なくて第１蓄電装置１１に充電できない事態を回避することができる。 For example, when there is no power supply request and power storage request, if the first SOC is not within the predetermined range, the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged so that the first SOC is within or close to the predetermined range. As a result, since the first SOC is adjusted within a predetermined range, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the first SOC is too small to discharge from the first power storage device 11 and a situation in which the first SOC is too small to charge the first power storage device 11. Can be done.

さらに、給電要求があるときに、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内でなければ、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力または充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が給電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。これにより、給電要求の電力を第１蓄電装置１１または第２蓄電装置１２により賄うと共に、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲から離れることを抑制することができる。 Further, when the power supply request is made, if the first SOC is not within the predetermined range, the total power of the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power or charge power of the second power storage device 12 is the power supply request. The first power storage device 11 is discharged or charged, and the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged so as to generate electricity. As a result, the power of the power supply request can be supplied by the first power storage device 11 or the second power storage device 12, and the first SOC can be prevented from leaving the predetermined range.

また、蓄電要求があるときに、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲内でなければ、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力または充電電力と第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力または充電電力との合計電力が蓄電要求の電力になるように、第１蓄電装置１１を放電または充電させると共に、第２蓄電装置１２を放電または充電させる。これにより、蓄電要求の電力を第１蓄電装置１１または第２蓄電装置１２により賄うと共に、第１ＳＯＣが所定範囲から離れることを抑制することができる。 Further, when there is a storage request, if the first SOC is not within a predetermined range, the total power of the discharge power or charge power of the first power storage device 11 and the discharge power or charge power of the second power storage device 12 is the power storage request. The first power storage device 11 is discharged or charged, and the second power storage device 12 is discharged or charged so as to generate electricity. As a result, the power of the storage request can be supplied by the first power storage device 11 or the second power storage device 12, and the first SOC can be prevented from leaving the predetermined range.

（実施の形態２）
実施形態２に係る電力貯蔵システム１０の構成について、図７を参照しながら説明する。電力貯蔵システム１０は、第１蓄電装置１１と第２蓄電装置１２とを充放電制御回路を介さずに接続および遮断できる電路１７をさらに備えている。 (Embodiment 2)
The configuration of the power storage system 10 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. The power storage system 10 further includes an electric path 17 capable of connecting and disconnecting the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 without going through a charge / discharge control circuit.

具体的には、第１蓄電装置１１に第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８が直列に接続され、第２蓄電装置１２に第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９が直列に接続されている。第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２は第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９を介して並列に接続されている。第１蓄電装置１１と第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８との間の第１ＤＣリンク２０と、第２蓄電装置１２と第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９との間の第２ＤＣリンク２１との間が電路１７により接続され、この電路１７にスイッチ２２が設けられている。 Specifically, the first DC / DC converter 18 is connected in series to the first power storage device 11, and the second DC / DC converter 19 is connected in series to the second power storage device 12. The first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 are connected in parallel via the first DC / DC converter 18 and the second DC / DC converter 19. The first DC link 20 between the first power storage device 11 and the first DC / DC converter 18 and the second DC link 21 between the second power storage device 12 and the second DC / DC converter 19 are connected by an electric circuit 17. A switch 22 is provided in the electric circuit 17.

制御装置１３は、第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８により第１蓄電装置１１を制御し、第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９により第２蓄電装置１２を制御する。また、制御装置１３はスイッチ２２を制御し、第１蓄電装置１１と第２蓄電装置１２との間の電路１７を接続または遮断する。このように、電路１７を接続すると、第１蓄電装置１１と第２蓄電装置１２とが第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９などの充放電回路を介さずに直接に接続される。 The control device 13 controls the first power storage device 11 by the first DC / DC converter 18, and controls the second power storage device 12 by the second DC / DC converter 19. Further, the control device 13 controls the switch 22 to connect or disconnect the electric circuit 17 between the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12. When the electric circuit 17 is connected in this way, the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 are directly connected to each other without going through charge / discharge circuits such as the first DC / DC converter 18 and the second DC / DC converter 19. ..

たとえば、第１蓄電装置１１の放電電力を第２蓄電装置１２に充電する場合、または、第２蓄電装置１２の放電電力を第１蓄電装置１１に充電する場合、制御装置１３はスイッチ２２を制御し、電路１７を接続する。これにより、第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２の一方装置から出力された電力は、第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９を介さずに他方装置に入力される。よって、第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９における電力ロスを低減することができる。 For example, when the discharge power of the first power storage device 11 is charged to the second power storage device 12, or when the discharge power of the second power storage device 12 is charged to the first power storage device 11, the control device 13 controls the switch 22. Then, the electric path 17 is connected. As a result, the electric power output from one of the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 is input to the other device without going through the first DC / DC converter 18 and the second DC / DC converter 19. Therefore, the power loss in the first DC / DC converter 18 and the second DC / DC converter 19 can be reduced.

また、たとえば、第２蓄電装置１２からの放電電力を、第１蓄電装置１１に充電せずに外部機器（図示せず）に給電する場合には、制御装置１３はスイッチ２２を制御し、電路１７を遮断する。これにより、第２蓄電装置１２から出力された電力は第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９を介して外部機器に供給される。よって、給電要求に応じた電力を電力貯蔵システム１０から外部機器に給電することができる。 Further, for example, when the discharge power from the second power storage device 12 is supplied to an external device (not shown) without charging the first power storage device 11, the control device 13 controls the switch 22 and the electric path. 17 is blocked. As a result, the electric power output from the second power storage device 12 is supplied to the external device via the second DC / DC converter 19. Therefore, the electric power corresponding to the electric power supply request can be supplied from the electric power storage system 10 to the external device.

なお、図７の電力貯蔵システム１０は、第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９を備えていた。これに対し、第１蓄電装置１１および第２蓄電装置１２の充放電を制御することができれば、第１ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１８および第２ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１９のいずれか一方が電力貯蔵システム１０に備えられていればよい。 The power storage system 10 of FIG. 7 includes a first DC / DC converter 18 and a second DC / DC converter 19. On the other hand, if the charging / discharging of the first power storage device 11 and the second power storage device 12 can be controlled, either the first DC / DC converter 18 or the second DC / DC converter 19 is provided in the power storage system 10. You just have to.

なお、上記説明から、当業者にとっては、本発明の多くの改良や他の実施形態が明らかである。従って、上記説明は、例示としてのみ解釈されるべきであり、本発明を実行する最良の態様を当業者に教示する目的で提供されたものである。本発明の精神を逸脱することなく、その構造および／または機能の詳細を実質的に変更できる。 It should be noted that many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description. Therefore, the above description should be construed only as an example and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best aspects of carrying out the present invention. The details of its structure and / or function can be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

本発明の電力貯蔵システムおよびその制御方法は、高エネルギ密度および高出力密度をより確実に両立することが可能な電力貯蔵システムおよびその制御方法等として有用である。 The power storage system and its control method of the present invention are useful as a power storage system and its control method capable of more reliably achieving both high energy density and high output density.

１０ ：電力貯蔵システム
１１ ：第１蓄電装置
１２ ：第２蓄電装置
１３ ：制御装置
１７ ：電路 10: Power storage system 11: First power storage device 12: Second power storage device 13: Control device 17: Electric circuit

Claims (6)

第１蓄電装置と第２蓄電装置とが互いに並列に接続され、前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高い、電力貯蔵システムにおいて、
給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記給電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲より少ない場合、前記給電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容出力電力以上であるとき、前記第２蓄電装置にその許容出力電力を放電させ、前記第１蓄電装置に前記給電要求の電力から前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力を引いた電力を放電させ、
前記給電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より少ない場合、前記給電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容出力電力未満であるとき、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させ、
前記給電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より多い場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させる、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法。 The first power storage device and the second power storage device are connected in parallel to each other, the output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device, and the energy density of the second power storage device is the same. In a power storage system that is higher than the energy density of the first power storage device
The first power storage device is discharged or charged in response to a power supply request and a power storage request.
The second power storage device is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device.
When there is a power supply request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than a predetermined range, and the power of the power supply request is equal to or greater than the allowable output power of the second power storage device, the allowable output of the second power storage device is reached. The electric power is discharged, and the first electric power storage device is discharged from the electric power of the power supply request minus the electric power of the second electric power storage device.
When there is a power supply request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, and the power of the power supply request is less than the allowable output power of the second power storage device, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device Charges the first power storage device and discharges the second power storage device so as to approach the predetermined range.
When the power supply request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, the first power storage device is discharged so that the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is in or near the predetermined range. A method of controlling a power storage system for charging the second power storage device. 第１蓄電装置と第２蓄電装置とが互いに並列に接続され、前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高い、電力貯蔵システムにおいて、
給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲より多い場合、前記蓄電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容入力電力以上であるとき、前記第２蓄電装置にその許容入力電力を充電させ、前記第１蓄電装置に前記蓄電要求の電力から前記第２蓄電装置の充電電力を引いた電力を充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より多い場合、前記蓄電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容入力電力未満であるとき、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より少ない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させる、電力貯蔵システムの制御方法。 The first power storage device and the second power storage device are connected in parallel to each other, the output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device, and the energy density of the second power storage device is the same. In a power storage system that is higher than the energy density of the first power storage device
The first power storage device is discharged or charged in response to a power supply request and a power storage request.
The second power storage device is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device.
When there is a power storage request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than a predetermined range, and the power of the power storage request is equal to or greater than the allowable input power of the second power storage device, the allowable input to the second power storage device is The electric power is charged, and the first electric power storage device is charged with the electric power obtained by subtracting the charging electric power of the second electric power storage device from the electric power of the electric storage request.
When there is a power storage request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, and the power of the power storage request is less than the allowable input power of the second power storage device, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device Discharges the first power storage device and charges the second power storage device so that is in or near the predetermined range.
When there is a power storage request, if the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, the first power storage device is charged so that the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is at or near the predetermined range. A method for controlling a power storage system that discharges the second power storage device at the same time. 前記給電要求および前記蓄電要求がないときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲内でない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させる、請求項１又は２に記載の電力貯蔵システムの制御方法。 If the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is not within the predetermined range when there is no power supply request and the power storage request, the second power storage device is set so that the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is within the predetermined range or close to the predetermined range. The method for controlling a power storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power storage system is discharged or charged. 前記電力貯蔵システムは、前記第１蓄電装置と前記第２蓄電装置とを充放電制御回路を介さずに接続および遮断できる電路を備え、
前記第１蓄電装置の放電電力を前記第２蓄電装置に充電する場合、または、前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力を前記第１蓄電装置に充電する場合、前記第１蓄電装置と前記第２蓄電装置とを接続する、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の電力貯蔵システムの制御方法。 The power storage system includes an electric circuit capable of connecting and disconnecting the first power storage device and the second power storage device without going through a charge / discharge control circuit.
When the discharge power of the first power storage device is charged to the second power storage device, or when the discharge power of the second power storage device is charged to the first power storage device, the first power storage device and the second power storage device are charged. The method for controlling a power storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , which connects to a device. 第１蓄電装置と、
前記第１蓄電装置に並列に接続される第２蓄電装置と、
前記第１蓄電装置および前記第２蓄電装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高く、
前記制御装置は、
給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記給電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲より少ない場合、前記給電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容出力電力以上であるとき、前記第２蓄電装置にその許容出力電力を放電させ、前記第１蓄電装置に前記給電要求の電力から前記第２蓄電装置の放電電力を引いた電力を放電させ、
前記給電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より少ない場合、前記給電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容出力電力未満であるとき、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させ、
前記給電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より多い場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させるように構成されている、電力貯蔵システム。 The first power storage device and
A second power storage device connected in parallel to the first power storage device,
A control device for controlling the first power storage device and the second power storage device is provided.
The output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device, and the energy density of the second power storage device is higher than the energy density of the first power storage device.
The control device is
The first power storage device is discharged or charged in response to a power supply request and a power storage request.
The second power storage device is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device.
Wherein there is feeding request, if the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is smaller than the predetermined range, when the power of the power supply request is allowable output power or more of said second power storage device, the allowable output to the second power storage device The electric power is discharged, and the first electric power storage device is discharged from the electric power of the power supply request minus the discharge electric power of the second electric power storage device .
When there is a power supply request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, and the power of the power supply request is less than the allowable output power of the second power storage device, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device Charges the first power storage device and discharges the second power storage device so as to approach the predetermined range .
When the power supply request is made and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, the first power storage device is discharged so that the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is in or near the predetermined range. together, are configured so that by charging the second power storage device, a power storage system. 第１蓄電装置と、
前記第１蓄電装置に並列に接続される第２蓄電装置と、
前記第１蓄電装置および前記第２蓄電装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第１蓄電装置の出力密度が前記第２蓄電装置の出力密度よりも高く、かつ、前記第２蓄電装置のエネルギ密度が前記第１蓄電装置のエネルギ密度よりも高く、
前記制御装置は、
給電要求および蓄電要求に応じて前記第１蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量に応じて前記第２蓄電装置を放電または充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が所定範囲より多い場合、前記蓄電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容入力電力以上であるとき、前記第２蓄電装置にその許容入力電力を充電させ、前記第１蓄電装置に前記蓄電要求の電力から前記第２蓄電装置の充電電力を引いた電力を充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があり、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より多い場合、前記蓄電要求の電力が前記第２蓄電装置の許容入力電力未満であるとき、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を放電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を充電させ、
前記蓄電要求があるときに、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲より少ない場合、前記第１蓄電装置の残存容量が前記所定範囲またはそれに近づくように、前記第１蓄電装置を充電させると共に、前記第２蓄電装置を放電させるように構成されている、電力貯蔵システム。

The first power storage device and
A second power storage device connected in parallel to the first power storage device,
A control device for controlling the first power storage device and the second power storage device is provided.
The output density of the first power storage device is higher than the output density of the second power storage device, and the energy density of the second power storage device is higher than the energy density of the first power storage device.
The control device is
The first power storage device is discharged or charged in response to a power supply request and a power storage request.
The second power storage device is discharged or charged according to the remaining capacity of the first power storage device.
When there is a power storage request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than a predetermined range, and the power of the power storage request is equal to or greater than the allowable input power of the second power storage device, the allowable input to the second power storage device is The electric power is charged, and the first electric power storage device is charged with the electric power obtained by subtracting the charging electric power of the second electric power storage device from the electric power of the electric storage request .
When there is a power storage request and the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is larger than the predetermined range, and the power of the power storage request is less than the allowable input power of the second power storage device, the remaining capacity of the first power storage device Discharges the first power storage device and charges the second power storage device so that is in or near the predetermined range .
When there is a power storage request, if the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is less than the predetermined range, the first power storage device is charged so that the remaining capacity of the first power storage device is at or near the predetermined range. together, are configured so that by discharging the second power storage device, a power storage system.
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