JP6774536B2 - Dimming member - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dimming member that suppresses the incident of sunlight in the room in summer and does not suppress the incident of sunlight in the room in winter, a shaped resin sheet used for the dimming member, and a method for producing the same.

In Patent Document 1, a member made of a sheet-like material having a pair of parallel planes is used as a window member that blocks the intrusion of summer sunlight into a room and does not block the intrusion of winter sunlight into a room. Discloses a dimming member in which an air layer formed of a planar slit having a constant thickness is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the planar surface.

Since the dimming member disclosed in Patent Document 1 blocks the incident of summer sunlight into the room and does not block the incident of winter sunlight into the room, it is possible to reduce the use of indoor heating and cooling. It can contribute to the reduction of energy consumption.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-94471

It is desirable that the dimming member is easy to use as a window member or the like, in addition to suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room.

The subject of the present invention is a dimming member that can be easily used as a window member or the like, in addition to suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room. Is to provide.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found a solution means having the following configuration, and have completed the present invention.
(1) A dimming member in which one or a plurality of excipient resin sheets having convex portions on one surface are arranged, the height of the convex portions is 1 μm or more and 1 cm or less, and the pitch interval is 10 μm. A dimming member that is 10 cm or less.
(2) The dimming member according to (1) above, wherein the excipient resin sheet is formed by extrusion molding.
(3) The dimming member according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the convex portion is a triangular convex portion having a triangular cross-sectional shape.
(4) When the straight line connecting both ends of the bottom of the convex portion of the triangle is the base of the triangle, one base angle of the triangle is more than 0 ° and 90 ° or less, and the other base angle is more than 0 ° and 90. The dimming member according to (3) above, which is less than or equal to °.
(5) The dimming member according to (4) above, wherein one of the triangles has a base angle of more than 0 ° and less than 90 °, and the other base angle is 90 °.
(6) The dimming member according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein one excipient resin sheet having a convex portion on one surface is arranged.
(7) The dimming member according to (5) above, wherein one excipient resin sheet having a convex portion on one surface is arranged.
(8) Any of the above (1) to (4), wherein the excipient resin sheet having a convex portion on one of the pair of surfaces is arranged so that the surfaces having the convex portion face each other via an air layer. The dimming member described in Crab.
(9) The dimming member according to (5) above, wherein the excipient resin sheet having a convex portion on one of the pair of surfaces is arranged so that the surfaces having the convex portion face each other via an air layer. ..
(10) The dimming member according to (8) or (9) above, wherein the excipient resin sheet having a convex portion on one of the pair of surfaces is bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive.
(11) The dimming member according to (8), wherein the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion has a point-symmetrical relationship with the midpoint of one of the hypotenuses of the triangle as the center of symmetry.
(12) The above-mentioned (1), (2), (3), (4), (6), (8) or (11), wherein the excipient resin sheet is surrounded by a frame member. Dimming member.
(13) The dimming member according to (5), (7), (9) or (10), wherein the shaping resin sheet is surrounded by a frame member on the outer periphery.
(14) The dimming member according to any one of (1), (2), (3), (4), (6), (8), (11) or (12) used as a window member. ..
(15) The dimming member according to (5), (7), (9), (10) or (13), which is used as a window member.
(16) A dimming member with an adhesive layer, which has an adhesive layer on one surface of the dimming member according to any one of (1) to (15) above.
(17) A method for producing an excipient resin sheet used for the dimming member according to any one of (1) to (15) above.
A method for producing a molded resin sheet, in which a resin is melted and extruded into a sheet, and the sheet is sandwiched between a pressing roll and a molding roll to form a molded resin sheet.
(18) The production method according to (17) above, which comprises steps A to D.
Step A: A sheet-like material extrusion process in which the resin is melted and extruded into a sheet from the die in a heated and melted state.
Step B: A pressing step of sandwiching the sheet-like material between the first pressing roll and the second pressing roll.
Step C: a transporting step of transporting the sheet-like material while keeping it in close contact with the second pressing roll, and step D: a shaping step of sandwiching the transported sheet-like material between the second pressing roll and the shaping roll. ..
(19) The production method according to (17) or (18) above, wherein the excipient roll is provided with a transfer mold having a recess on its surface.
(20) By the production method according to any one of (17) to (19) above, a shaped resin sheet having a convex portion on one surface is obtained, and a pair of the shaped resin sheets are passed through an air layer. A method for manufacturing a dimming member, which is arranged so that the surfaces having the convex portions face each other.

The dimming member of the present invention is easy to use as a window member or the like, in addition to suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room.

It is a schematic diagram of the excipient resin sheet which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the excipient resin sheet which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the light control member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the light control member which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus used in the manufacturing method of the excipient resin sheet which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

The dimming member of the present invention is formed by arranging one or a plurality of excipient resin sheets having convex portions on one surface, the height of the convex portions is 1 μm or more and 1 cm or less, and the pitch interval is 10 μm or more. It is 10 cm or less. That is, the dimming member of the present invention is one in which one predetermined shaping resin sheet is arranged and one in which two or more predetermined shaping resin sheets are arranged. As a dimming member in which two or more predetermined shaping resin sheets are arranged, a pair of predetermined shaping resin sheets are arranged so that surfaces having protrusions face each other via an air layer. Is preferable. FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the cross-sectional shape of the excipient resin sheet 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the cross-sectional shape of the excipient resin sheet 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

<Excipient resin sheet>
The excipient resin sheet in the dimming member of the present invention is a resin sheet having a convex portion on one surface, and can be obtained, for example, by melt extrusion molding of a resin. In addition to melt extrusion molding of the resin, the shaped resin sheet can also be obtained by cutting, press molding, injection molding or cast polymerization of the resin. The excipient resin sheet has a convex portion preferably continuously formed on one surface. The surface facing the surface having the convex portion is usually a flat surface.

The resin may be any resin that can be melt-extruded, and examples thereof include thermoplastic resins that are in a molten state when heated. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include styrene resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, and polycarbonate (PC) resin. Among them, acrylic resins are preferable because they are excellent in transparency and weather resistance.

The acrylic resin is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a homopolymer of an acrylic monomer such as (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid ester, or (meth) acrylonitrile, or two or more copolymers, or acrylic resin. Examples thereof include a copolymer of a monomer and another monomer. In addition, in this specification, the term "(meth) acrylic" means "acrylic" or "methacryl".

As the acrylic resin, it is preferable to use a methacrylic resin because it has excellent hardness, weather resistance, transparency and the like. The methacrylic resin is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester. For example, a homopolymer of a methacrylic acid ester (polyalkyl methacrylate), 50% by weight or more of the methacrylic acid ester and 50 Examples thereof include a copolymer with a monomer other than the methacrylic acid ester by weight% or less. When the methacrylic resin is a copolymer, the methacrylic acid ester is preferably 70% by weight or more, the other monomer is 30% by weight or less, and more preferably 90% by weight of the methacrylic acid ester with respect to the total amount of the monomers. % Or more, and 10% by weight or less of other monomers.

Examples of the methacrylic acid ester include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, heptyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, and the like. Methacrylics such as n-octyl methacrylate, n-nonyl methacrylate, isononyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, undecyl methacrylate, n-amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, methoxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxyethyl methacrylate and the like. Alkyl acetate can be mentioned. Among these, a methacrylic acid ester having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and methyl methacrylate is more preferable. The methacrylic acid ester may be used alone (copolymer) or in combination of two or more (copolymer).

Examples of the monomer other than the methacrylic acid ester include acrylic acid ester, unsaturated nitrile, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid amide, ethylenically unsaturated acid, and ethylenically unsaturated sulfone. Examples thereof include acid esters, ethylenically unsaturated alcohols and their esters, ethylenically unsaturated ethers, ethylenically unsaturated amines, ethylenically unsaturated silane compounds, and aliphatic conjugated dienes. Of these, acrylic ester is preferable. The monomers other than the methacrylic acid ester may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the acrylate ester include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, heptyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like. Acrylic acids such as n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, undecyl acrylate, n-amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, etc. Acrylic acid acid is mentioned. Among these, an acrylic acid ester having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and methyl acrylate is more preferable.

Examples of unsaturated nitriles include acrylonitrile, α-chloroacrylonitrile, α-methoxyacrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinylidene cyanide and the like.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester include hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, and hydroxybutyl methacrylate.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid amide include acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-butoxymethylacrylamide, N-butoxymethylmethacrylamide, N-butoxyethylacrylamide, N-butoxyethylmethacrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, and N. -Methoxymethylmethacrylamide, Nn-propioxymethylacrylamide, Nn-propioxymethylmethacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-methylmethacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylmethacrylamide , N, N-diethylacrylamide, N, N-diethylmethacrylamide and the like.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated acid include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, fumaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, vinyl sulfonic acid, and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid such as isoprene sulfonic acid. Examples thereof include ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid. The ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer may be neutralized with, for example, an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium, or ammonia.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid ester include alkyl vinyl sulfonate and alkyl isoprene sulfonic acid.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated alcohol and its ester include allyl alcohol, metallic alcohol, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, allyl acetate, metalryl caproate, allyl laurate, and benzoic acid. Examples thereof include allyl acid acid, vinyl alkyl sulfonate, allyl alkyl sulfonate, vinyl aryl sulfonate and the like.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated ether include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, methyl allyl ether, ethyl allyl ether and the like.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated amine include vinyldimethylamine, vinyldiethylamine, vinyldiphenylamine, allyldimethylamine, and metharyldiethylamine.

Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated silane compound include vinyltriethylsilane, methylvinyldichlorosilane, dimethylallylchlorosilane, and vinyltrichlorosilane.

Examples of the aliphatic conjugated diene include 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-neopentyl-1,3-butadiene, and 2-chloro. -1,3-butadiene, 1,2 dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 2-bromo-1,3-butadiene, 2-cyano-1,3-butadiene, Substituted linear conjugated pentadiene, linear and side chain conjugated hexadiene and the like can be mentioned.

Among these acrylic resins, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate), methyl methacrylate of 50% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less, and methacrylic acid of 0.1% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less. Copolymers with (meth) acrylic acid esters other than methyl are particularly preferred.
The copolymer of methyl methacrylate of 50% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less and (meth) acrylic acid ester other than methyl methacrylate of 0.1% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less is methyl methacrylate and the same. Methyl methacrylate is contained in a proportion of 50% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less with respect to the total amount of the (meth) acrylic acid ester, and 0.1% by weight of the (meth) acrylic acid ester other than methyl methacrylate. It is a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture contained in an amount of% or more and 50% by weight or less. Methyl methacrylate is preferably contained in this monomer mixture in a proportion of 70% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less, and more preferably 90% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less.

The acrylic resin is obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer by a polymerization method such as an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a massive polymerization method, or a liquid injection polymerization method (cast polymerization method). The polymerization is carried out using, for example, light irradiation or a polymerization initiator, and an azo-based initiator (for example, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile)). , Etc.), a peroxide-based initiator (lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, etc.), and a polymerization initiator such as a redox-based initiator in which an organic peroxide and amines are combined are preferably used. The polymerization initiator is usually used in a proportion of 0.01 parts by weight or more and 1 part by weight or less, preferably 0.01 parts by weight or more and 0.5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer constituting the acrylic resin. Be done. Further, a chain transfer agent for controlling the molecular weight (such as a linear or branched alkyl mercaptan compound such as methyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan), a cross-linking agent and the like may be added.

The excipient resin sheet may be produced by using one kind of resin alone, or may be manufactured by using two or more kinds in combination. For example, the acrylic resin may be used alone, or the acrylic resin may be used in combination with another resin. As the other resin, an acrylic resin having a different monomer composition from the acrylic resin may be used, or a resin having a different resin type such as polystyrene may be used. Further, various commonly used additives may be added to the acrylic resin and other resins as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Additives include, for example, stabilizers, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, colorants, foaming agents, lubricants, mold release agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants, polymerization inhibitors, flame retardants, Reinforcing agents and the like can be mentioned. These additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

When an additive is added, the content thereof is preferably about 0.005% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less with respect to the resin.

Rubber particles may be added to the acrylic resin. Here, as the rubber particles, for example, acrylic rubber particles, butadiene rubber particles, styrene-butadiene rubber particles and the like can be used, but among them, acrylic rubber particles are used from the viewpoint of weather resistance and durability. It is preferably used.

Acrylic rubber particles are particles containing an elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylic acid ester as a rubber component, and may be particles having a single-layer structure composed of only this elastic polymer, or the elastic polymer. The particles may have a multi-layer structure having a layer and, for example, a layer of a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester, but the particles have a multi-layer structure from the viewpoint of the surface hardness of the shaped resin sheet made of an acrylic resin. It is preferable to have.
Further, this elastic polymer may be a homopolymer of acrylic acid ester, or may be a copolymer of 50% by weight or more of acrylic acid ester and 50% by weight or less of other monomers. .. Here, as the acrylic acid ester, an alkyl ester of acrylic acid is usually used.

The preferable monomer composition of the elastic polymer mainly composed of acrylic acid ester is 50% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less of alkyl acrylate and 0% by weight or more and 49% by weight of alkyl methacrylate based on all the monomers. 9.9% by weight or less, 0% by weight or more and 49.9% by weight or less of monofunctional monomers other than these, and 0.1% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less of polyfunctional monomers.

Here, the example of alkyl acrylate in the above elastic polymer is the same as the example of alkyl acrylate mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. Is 4-8.
Further, the example of alkyl methacrylate in the above elastic polymer is the same as the example of alkyl methacrylic acid previously mentioned as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. It is 1 to 4.

Examples of monofunctional monomers other than alkyl acrylate and alkyl methacrylate in the above elastic polymer include monofunctional monomers other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate mentioned above as monomer components of methacrylic resin. Similar to the example. Of these, styrene-based monomers such as styrene, α-methylstyrene, and vinyltoluene are preferably used.

The examples of the polyfunctional monomer in the elastic polymer are the same as the examples of the polyfunctional monomer mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and among them, the alkenyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid and many Polyalkenyl esters of basic acids are preferably used.

As the alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, monofunctional monomer other than these, and polyfunctional monomer in the above elastic polymer, two or more of them may be used, if necessary.

When a multilayer structure is used as the acrylic rubber particles, a suitable example thereof is a layer of a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester on the outside of the above-mentioned layer of an elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylic acid ester. That is, a polymer having at least a two-layer structure having the above-mentioned elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylic acid ester as an inner layer and a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester as an outer layer can be mentioned. Here, alkyl methacrylate is usually used as the methacrylic acid ester which is a monomer component of the polymer of the outer layer.
The polymer in the outer layer is usually formed in a proportion of 10 parts by weight or more and 400 parts by weight or less, preferably 20 parts by weight or more and 200 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the elastic polymer in the inner layer. By setting the polymer in the outer layer to 10 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the elastic polymer in the inner layer, aggregation of the elastic polymer is less likely to occur, and the transparency of the shaped resin sheet made of an acrylic resin is good. It becomes.

The preferable monomer composition of the polymer of the outer layer is 50% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less of alkyl methacrylate, 0% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of alkyl acrylate, and other than these, based on all the monomers. The monofunctional monomer is 0% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, and the polyfunctional monomer is 0% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less.

The example of alkyl methacrylate in the polymer of the outer layer is the same as the example of alkyl methacrylate mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. ~ 4. Of these, methyl methacrylate is preferably used.

The example of alkyl acrylate in the polymer of the outer layer is the same as the example of alkyl acrylate mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. ~ 4.

Examples of the monomers other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate in the polymer of the outer layer are examples of monofunctional monomers other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate mentioned above as the monomer components of the methacrylic resin. The example of the polyfunctional monomer is the same as the example of the polyfunctional monomer mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin.

As the alkyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylate, monomers other than these, and polyfunctional monomers in the above-mentioned outer layer polymer, two or more of them may be used, if necessary.

Further, as a preferable example of the acrylic rubber particles having a multi-layer structure, a weight mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester is further inside a layer of the above-mentioned elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylic acid ester, which is an inner layer of the two-layer structure. Those having a coalesced layer, that is, the polymer mainly composed of this methacrylic acid ester is the inner layer, the above-mentioned elastic polymer mainly composed of the acrylic acid ester is the intermediate layer, and the weight mainly composed of the above methacrylic acid ester. An at least three-layer structure having a coalescence as an outer layer can also be mentioned. Here, alkyl methacrylate is usually used as the methacrylic acid ester which is a monomer component of the polymer of the inner layer. The polymer in the inner layer is usually formed in a proportion of 10 parts by weight or more and 400 parts by weight or less, preferably 20 parts by weight or more and 200 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the elastic polymer in the intermediate layer.

The preferred monomer composition of the polymer in the inner layer is 70% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less for alkyl methacrylate, 0% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less for alkyl acrylate, and other components based on all the monomers. The monofunctional monomer is 0% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less, and the polyfunctional monomer is 0% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less.

The example of alkyl methacrylate in the polymer of the inner layer is the same as the example of alkyl methacrylate mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. ~ 4. Of these, methyl methacrylate is preferably used.
Further, the example of alkyl acrylate in the polymer of the inner layer is the same as the example of alkyl acrylate mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin, and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is usually 1 to 8, preferably 1. Is 1 to 4.

Examples of monomers other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate in the polymer of the inner layer are examples of monofunctional monomers other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate mentioned above as monomer components of methacrylic resin. The example of the polyfunctional monomer is the same as the example of the polyfunctional monomer mentioned above as the monomer component of the methacrylic resin.

As the alkyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylate, and other monofunctional monomers and polyfunctional monomers in the polymer of the inner layer, two or more of them may be used, if necessary.

Acrylic rubber particles can be prepared by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer component of an elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylic acid ester by an emulsion polymerization method or the like in at least one step of reaction. At that time, as described above, when a layer of a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylate ester is formed outside the layer of the elastic polymer, the monomer component of the polymer of the outer layer is used as the elastic. In the presence of the polymer, the elastic polymer may be grafted by polymerizing in at least one step reaction by an emulsion polymerization method or the like.
Further, as described above, when further forming a layer of a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylate ester inside the layer of the elastic polymer, first, the monomer component of the polymer of this inner layer is added. It is polymerized by at least one step reaction by an emulsification polymerization method or the like, and then the monomer component of the elastic polymer is polymerized by at least one step reaction by an emulsification polymerization method or the like in the presence of the obtained polymer. By allowing the polymer to be grafted to the polymer of the inner layer, the monomer component of the polymer of the outer layer is polymerized in the presence of the obtained elastic polymer by at least one step reaction by an emulsion polymerization method or the like. By allowing the polymer to be grafted onto the elastic polymer. When the polymerization of each layer is carried out in two or more stages, it is sufficient that the monomer composition as a whole is within a predetermined range, not the monomer composition of each stage.

Regarding the particle size of the acrylic rubber particles, the average particle size of the layer of the elastic polymer mainly composed of acrylic acid ester in the rubber particles is preferably 0.01 μm or more and 0.4 μm or less, preferably 0.05 μm. It is more preferably 0.3 μm or more, and further preferably 0.07 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less. If the average particle size of the elastic polymer layer is larger than 0.4 μm, the transparency of the resin sheet made of the acrylic resin is lowered, which leads to a decrease in the transmittance, which is not preferable. Further, if the average particle size of the elastic polymer layer is smaller than 0.01 μm, the surface hardness of the resin sheet is lowered and the resin sheet is easily scratched, which is not preferable.

The average particle size is determined by mixing acrylic rubber particles with a methacrylic resin to form a film, dyeing the layer of the elastic polymer with ruthenium oxide on the cross section thereof, and observing with an electron microscope to stain the particles. It can be obtained from the diameter of.
That is, when acrylic rubber particles are mixed with methacrylic resin and the cross section thereof is dyed with ruthenium oxide, the methacrylic resin of the parent phase is not dyed, and a polymer mainly composed of methacrylic acid ester is outside the layer of the elastic polymer. When the layer of is present, the polymer of this outer layer is not dyed, and only the layer of the elastic polymer is dyed. Therefore, from the diameter of the portion observed in a substantially circular shape with an electron microscope thus dyed. , The particle size can be obtained. When a layer of a polymer mainly composed of methacrylic acid ester is present inside the layer of the elastic polymer, the polymer of this inner layer is not dyed, and the outer layer of the elastic polymer is dyed2. It will be observed in the state of the layered structure, but in this case, it may be considered on the outside of the two-layered structure, that is, the outer diameter of the layer of the elastic polymer.

The content ratio of the rubber particles to the acrylic resin is usually 40% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight or less of the entire acrylic resin. If the content ratio of the rubber particles is larger than 40% by weight of the entire acrylic resin, the surface hardness of the excipient resin sheet is lowered and the acrylic resin is easily scratched.

From the viewpoint of suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room, the convex portion is preferably a triangular convex portion having a triangular cross-sectional shape. , A ridge extending linearly between the opposing ends of the shaped resin sheet 1, and the shape of the orthogonal cross section that appears when the ridge is cut along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is a triangle. , It is more preferable that it is a triangular convex portion. The apex angle of the triangle may be an arc having a curvature. That is, in the present specification, the triangle includes both a triangle having a sharp edge at each apex angle and a triangle having an arc having at least one of the apex angles having a curvature. The convex portion in the shaped resin sheet 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a triangular convex portion whose cross-sectional shape is a triangle whose apex angle is a sharp end, but the cross-sectional shape is not limited to this, and the cross-sectional shape is each apex angle. It may be a triangular convex portion which is a triangle in which at least one of them is an arc having a curvature. When the dimming member is used as a window member in an upright position, that is, when it is used in a vertical posture, the ridges preferably extend linearly in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction (horizontal direction). In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in addition to the convex portion of the excipient resin sheet 1, the valley portion is also a sharp end, but this valley portion may also be an arc having a curvature.

In the triangle, when the straight line connecting both ends of the bottom is the base of the triangle, the bottom of the triangle is from the viewpoint of suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room. The angle 2 has one base angle 2a (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the first base angle 2a) of more than 0 ° and 90 ° or less, and the other base angle 2b (hereinafter, the second base angle 2b). ) Is more than 0 ° and 90 ° or less, the first base angle 2a is 1 ° or more and 40 ° or less, and the second base angle 2b is more preferably 30 ° or more and 90 ° or less. .. In the dimming member, streaks may be visually recognized on the appearance (that is, the surface facing the surface having the convex portion), but from the viewpoint of suppressing the visibility of the streaks, as shown in FIG. 2, the triangular shape As for the base angle 2, it is particularly preferable that the first base angle 2a is more than 0 ° and less than 90 °, and the second base angle 2b is 90 °. The first base angle 2a is appropriately set in consideration of technical matters described later, and is preferably 1 ° or more and 40 ° or less.

The height (H) of the convex portion is 1 μm or more and 1 cm or less, and preferably 5 μm or more and 1 cm or less. If the height (H) of the convex portion is less than 1 μm, it may be difficult to form the convex portion on the surface of the resin sheet, and if it exceeds 1 cm, the thickness of the dimming member becomes too thick. The pitch interval (P), which is the distance between the vertices of the convex portions, is 10 μm or more and 10 cm or less, and more preferably 50 μm or more and 10 cm or less. If the pitch interval (P) is less than 10 μm, it may be difficult to form a convex portion on the surface of the resin sheet, and if it exceeds 10 cm, the thickness of the dimming member becomes too thick.

By setting the height (H) to 1 μm or more and 1 cm or less and the pitch interval (P) to 10 μm or more and 10 cm or less in the convex portion, it is easy to form the convex portion on one surface of the excipient resin sheet 1. Therefore, the excipient resin sheet 1 can be easily manufactured, and the thickness of the dimming member is suppressed from becoming too thick. A dimming member in which one or a plurality of shaped resin sheets 1 having a predetermined convex portion on one of the surfaces are arranged is easy to manufacture and is a constituent member of the shaped resin sheet 1. Since the thickness is suppressed, it is easy to use it as a window member or the like in addition to suppressing the incident of summer sunlight into the room and not suppressing the incident of winter sunlight into the room.

The thickness of the excipient resin sheet 1 is preferably 1 μm or more and 10 cm or less, and more preferably 10 μm or more and 1 cm or less. If it is thinner than 1 μm, it may break, and if it is thicker than 10 cm, it may become heavy and unsuitable as a window member. In the present specification, the thickness of the excipient resin sheet means the distance from the surface facing the surface having the convex portion to the bottom portion of the convex portion, and corresponds to, for example, L in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The excipient resin sheet 1 of the present invention is preferably transparent when visually observed. As an index of transparency, when the thickness of the shaped resin sheet 1 of the present invention is 3 mm, the total light transmittance of the shaped resin sheet 1 measured in accordance with JIS K7361-1 is preferable. It is 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
As another index of transparency, the haze of the excipient resin sheet 1 measured in accordance with JIS K7136 is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less.

The method for producing the molded resin sheet 1 of the present invention is particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of producing the molded resin sheet having a predetermined convex portion on one surface using the above-mentioned resin as a raw material resin. For example, a method of cutting a flat plate, a melt extrusion molding method, a press molding method, an injection molding method, a cast polymerization method and the like can be mentioned. Among these, the melt extrusion molding method, the press molding method, the injection molding method, and the cast polymerization method are preferable, and the melt extrusion molding method and the press molding method are more preferable.

(Melting extrusion molding method)
The method for producing a shaped resin sheet by the melt extrusion molding method includes, for example, a sheet-like material extrusion step in which a raw material resin is continuously extruded from a die in a heated and melted state and extruded into a sheet shape, and the sheet-like material is subjected to a first pressing roll. The first pressing step of sandwiching the sheet-like material with the second pressing roll, the transporting step of transporting the sheet-like material while keeping it in close contact with the second pressing roll, and the second pressing roll and the third pressing roll Includes a second pressing step (molding step) sandwiched between the (molding roll). According to this manufacturing method, in the process of molding the excipient resin sheet, a convex shape is given to one surface of the resin sheet, so that secondary processing for imparting a convex shape to one surface of the resin sheet can be performed. It is unnecessary, and a molded resin sheet can be easily and continuously obtained.

(Press molding method)
In the method for producing an excipient resin sheet by a press molding method, for example, a sheet or pellet made of a raw material resin is plasticized and melted, and this is pressed between dies to be cooled. As a result, a molded resin sheet can be obtained as a molded product.

(Injection molding method)
The method for producing a molded resin sheet by an injection molding method is, for example, a raw material resin that is heated and melted by using an injection molding machine including a mold clamping unit and an injection unit and a mold that forms a desired shape of the molding resin sheet. Is injected into the mold, cooled and solidified. As a result, an excipient resin sheet is obtained as an injection molded product.

(Cast polymerization method)
Examples of the method for producing an excipient resin sheet by the cast polymerization method include a cell cast method in which a polymer (raw material resin) is injected into a cell to polymerize it, and a continuous cast method using a pair of endless belts arranged opposite to each other. .. The cell used in the cell casting method is composed of, for example, two glass plates and a sealing material such as a soft vinyl chloride tube, and the distance between the cells is appropriately adjusted so as to obtain an excipient resin sheet having a desired heat. Will be done. Examples of the method for producing a modified resin sheet include suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and dispersion polymerization, in addition to bulk polymerization such as cast polymerization. Among these, bulk polymerization such as a cast polymerization method is preferable from the viewpoint of good appearance and productivity of a large-sized plate.

Hereinafter, the method and apparatus for producing the excipient resin sheet 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

<Excipient resin sheet manufacturing equipment>
The manufacturing apparatus used in the method for manufacturing an excipient resin sheet of the present invention is, for example, a die for continuously extruding a resin in a heated and melted state to obtain a sheet-like material, a pressing roll, and the pressing roll for the sheet-like material. It is provided with a shaping roll that shapes the surface shape of the sheet-like material by sandwiching it between the two. FIG. 5 is a schematic schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus used in the method for manufacturing an excipient resin sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus shown in FIG. 5 includes a die 4 for continuously extruding the resin in a heated and melted state to obtain a sheet-like material, and a pressing roll 5. The pressing roll 5 is composed of a first pressing roll 5a for pressing a sheet-like object, a second pressing roll 5b, and a third pressing roll 5c, and has a transfer mold 6 on the surface of the third pressing roll 5c. By sandwiching the sheet-like material between the second pressing roll 5b and the third pressing roll 5c provided with the transfer mold 6, a shaped resin sheet having a desired surface shape can be obtained.

In addition to the pressing roll 5, a roll that is technically unrelated to the present invention may be provided. Such a roll is in contact with the sheet-like object, and for example, a guide roll (touch roll) for transporting the sheet-like object to the first pressing roll or a sheet-like object is brought into close contact with the second pressing roll. Touch rolls for

<Manufacturing method of excipient resin sheet>
The method for producing an excipient resin sheet of the present invention includes, for example, a sheet-like material extrusion step of continuously extruding a resin from a die in a heated and melted state to extrude the sheet-like material into a sheet shape, and a first pressing roll and a second pressing of the sheet-like material. A pressing step of sandwiching between the rolls, a conveying step of transporting the sheet-like material while keeping it in close contact with the second pressing roll, and a shaping step of sandwiching the conveyed sheet-like material between the second pressing roll and the shaping roll. And include. According to this manufacturing method, since a convex shape is given to the surface of the resin sheet in the process of molding the resin sheet, secondary processing for giving the convex shape to the surface of the resin sheet is unnecessary, and molding is easily performed. A resin sheet is obtained.

<Sheet-like material extrusion process>
In the sheet-like material extrusion step, the resin is continuously extruded from the die in a heated and melted state to produce a sheet-like material.

As the resin used in the production method of the present invention, the thermoplastic resin exemplified in the above-mentioned excipient resin sheet can be used, and among them, the acrylic resin is preferably used.

Additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a heat stabilizer, an antistatic agent, and a light diffusing agent may be added to the resin.

As the die for continuously extruding the resin in a heated and melted state, a metal T-die similar to that used in a normal extrusion molding method is used. To extrude the resin from the die in a heated and melted state, an extruder is used in the same manner as in a normal extrusion molding method. The extruder may be a single-screw extruder or a twin-screw extruder. The resin is heated in the extruder, sent to the die in a molten state, and extruded. The resin extruded from the die is continuously extruded as a sheet.

The sheet-like material may be a single layer or a multilayer of two or more layers. When the sheet-like material is a single layer, when extruding the resin from the die in a heated and melted state, one type of resin may be supplied to the die and extruded. In the case of two or more layers, two or more types of resin may be used. May be supplied to the die and co-extruded in a laminated state. In order to co-extrude in a state where two or more kinds of resins are laminated, for example, a known two-kind three-layer distribution type feed block may be used, and the resin may be supplied to the die via this.

<First pressing process>
The sheet-like material obtained in the sheet-like material extrusion step is sandwiched between the first pressing roll 5a and the second pressing roll 5b at the same time, for example, by the first pressing step, as shown in FIG. As the first pressing roll and the second pressing roll, a metal roll usually made of a metal such as stainless steel or steel is used, and the diameter thereof is usually 100 mm or more and 500 mm or less. When metal rolls are used as the first and second pressing rolls, the surface thereof may be plated with, for example, chrome plating, copper plating, nickel plating, nickel-phosphorus plating or the like. Further, the surface of the pressing roll may be a mirror surface, or may be a transfer surface having irregularities such as embossing if it is not necessary to transfer with high accuracy.

<Transport process>
The transporting step is a step of transporting the sheet-like material in close contact with the second pressing roll according to the rotation of the second pressing roll.

In the first pressing step and the conveying step, the temperature of the sheet-like material is lowered as compared with the heated and melted state extruded from the die by cooling by contacting with the pressing roll and cooling by contact with the outside air. In a state where the temperature is lower than that in the heated and melted state, the sheet-like material is conveyed and subjected to the next second pressing step. It is desirable that the pressing roll has a temperature adjusting function and can be adjusted to a desired temperature.

<Second pressing process>
In the second pressing step, the conveyed sheet-like object is sandwiched and pressed between the second pressing roll 5b and the third pressing roll 5c, for example, as shown in FIG. In this second pressing step, the transfer mold 6 provided on the surface of the third pressing roll 5c is formed on the sheet-like material. In the present invention, the third pressing roll provided with the transfer mold is also referred to as a shaping roll. The transfer mold provided on the surface of the shaping roll is pressed against the surface of the sheet-like material, and the surface shape thereof is inverted to shape the sheet-like material.

In this second pressing step, the sheet-like material is pressed again by the second pressing roll and the shaping roll, peeled from the second pressing roll, adheres to the shaping roll, and this time according to the rotation of the shaping roll. Be transported. At that time, if the surface temperature of the sheet-like material is high and the sheet-like material is sufficiently adhered to the shaping roll without pressing with the second pressing roll and the shaping roll, the second pressing roll and the shaping roll It may be opened slightly larger than the thickness of the sheet-like material. The sheet-like material conveyed according to the rotation of the shaping roll is peeled off from the shaping roll to obtain a shaping resin sheet.

The transfer mold 6 is composed of a plurality of concave portions provided on the surface of the shaping roll, and the shape of the concave portions is preferably the reverse of the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion on the surface of the obtained shaping resin sheet. When the cross-sectional shape of is a triangle, it is preferable that the groove has a V shape substantially the same as the shape of the triangle.

When the distance between the vertices of adjacent recesses is the pitch interval (P) and the distance from the circumference of the shape roll surface to the vertices of the recess is the groove depth (H), the pitch interval (P) is 10 μm or more. It is 10 cm or less, and the groove depth (H) is 1 μm or more and 1 cm or less.

As a method for producing the transfer mold, the surface of the shaping roll made of stainless steel, steel, or the like is plated with, for example, chrome plating, copper plating, nickel plating, nickel-phosphorus plating, and then the plated surface is subjected to plating treatment. On the other hand, the shape may be processed by performing removal processing using a diamond bite, a metal grindstone, or the like, laser processing, or chemical etching, but the method is not particularly limited to these methods.

Further, after the transfer mold is formed, the surface of the shaping roll may be plated with chrome plating, copper plating, nickel plating, nickel-phosphorus plating or the like at a level that does not impair the accuracy of the surface shape, for example.

By shaping the surface shape (transfer type) of the shaping roll into a sheet-like material in the second pressing step, the desired shaping resin sheet can be produced. The obtained shaped resin sheet is usually further cooled and then cut into single leaves and used as a dimming member.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention, not the third pressing roll but the first pressing roll is used as a shaping roll, and the sheet-like material extruded from the die is sandwiched between the shaping roll and the second pressing roll to form a molding. Alternatively, the second pressing roll may be used as a shaping roll, and the sheet-like material extruded from the die may be sandwiched between the shaping roll and the first pressing roll for shaping.

<Dimming member>
The dimming member of the present invention is formed by arranging one or a plurality of the shaping resin sheets obtained by the above-mentioned manufacturing method, and preferably, a pair of the shaping resin sheets are placed through an air layer. Therefore, the surfaces having the convex portions are arranged so as to face each other. FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming member according to the embodiment of the present invention. Further, FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming member according to another embodiment of the present invention. The excipient resin sheets 1A and 1B in FIG. 3 are both the same as the excipient resin sheet 1 in FIG. 1, and the excipient resin sheets 1A and 1B in FIG. 4 are both the excipient resin sheets in FIG. It is the same as 1.

The air layer 9 means a gap between the shaping surfaces of the pair of shaping resin sheets 1A and 1B, and in the dimming member of one embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the right-down slope 9a and the left-down slope 9b However, in the dimming member of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the downward-sloping slope 9a and the horizontal plane 9b are repeatedly arranged. In the present embodiment, the pair of the shaped resin sheets 1A and 1B are arranged via the air layer 9, but the dimming member of the present invention is not limited to this, and the pair of the shaped resin sheets 1A and 1B are not limited to this. May be partially or entirely bonded with an adhesive or adhesive. That is, in the dimming member of the present invention, the air layer may be filled with an adhesive or an adhesive, and for example, the air layer 9 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be filled with the adhesive or the adhesive. When a pair of excipient resin sheets are bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive, the adhesive is filled in all of the surfaces having convex portions, if the two excipient resin sheets can be fixed. It may be present, it may be a peripheral portion, or it may be a part. Commercially available agents can be used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive or the adhesive.

When the pair of shaping resin sheets are arranged so that the shaping surfaces face each other, it is preferable that the facing convex portions have a point-symmetrical relationship. For example, when the cross-sectional shape is a triangle, the facing triangles are , It is preferable that the relationship is point-symmetrical with the midpoint of one of the hypotenuses of the triangle as the center of symmetry. As a result, the air layers are kept at regular intervals. When the pair of shaping resin sheets are arranged so that the opposing convex portions have a point-symmetrical relationship, that is, the pair of shaping resin sheets are placed between the convex portion of one shaping resin sheet and the other shaping resin. When arranged so that the recesses with the sea are overlapped with each other, the pair of excipient resin sheets may be partially or wholly bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive.

The dimming member 8 of the present invention has a flat surface 8X on one surface and a flat surface 8Y on the other surface, and the flat surface 8X and the flat surface 8Y are parallel to each other. The refractive index of the resin is generally in the range of 1.3 or more and 1.7 or less, and the light transmittance is usually around 90%. For example, in the case of an acrylic resin, the refractive index is about 1.5 and the light transmittance is 92% or more and 93% or less. The dimming member 8 is composed of a downward-sloping slope 9a inclined at an angle 2a with respect to the plane 8X and a downward-sloping slope 9b inclined at an angle 2b with respect to the plane 8Y, and has an air layer 9 having a constant thickness. There is. The inclination angle 2a of the air layer 9 (that is, the first base angle 2a of the triangular convex portion of the excipient resin sheet) can be set in consideration of the technical matters described below.

Here, a case where the resins of the shaped resin sheets 1A and 1B constituting the dimming member 8 are resins having a refractive index of 1.5 will be described as an example. Generally, when light travels from a medium (resin) having a large refractive index to a medium (air) having a small refractive index, when the incident angle is small, refraction occurs at the interface between the two, and the refraction angle becomes larger than the incident angle. In the case of this example, since the refractive index of the resin is 1.5 and the refractive index of the air is 1, the refraction angle becomes larger than the incident angle when the light travels from the resin to the air side. As the angle of incidence gradually increases, so does the angle of refraction. When the incident angle exceeds a certain angle, the light does not travel from the resin to the air side, and the light is totally reflected at the interface between the resin and the air layer. In the present specification, this angle is referred to as a critical angle and is referred to as θm.

In the case of this example, there is the following relationship between the critical angle θm and air and resin.
sinθm = (refractive index of air) / (refractive index of resin) = 1 / 1.5
Therefore, the critical angle is θm = 41.8 °.

For example, the dimming member according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is used as a window dimming member, the plane 8X is on the outdoor side, the bottom angle 2a is on the upper side, and the bottom angle 2b is on the lower side. When arranging, when light is incident on the plane 8X from the outdoor side at a small incident angle (the angle formed by the light and the perpendicular line of the plane 8X), the light is refracted on the plane 8X and then travels through the shaping resin sheet 1A to generate After refracting at the interface between the mold resin sheet 1A and the air layer 9, proceed through the air layer 9, refract at the interface between the air layer 9 and the shaping resin sheet 1B, and then proceed through the molding resin sheet 1B, and proceed through the flat surface 8Y. Refracted at, and incident on the indoor side. Here, as shown in FIG. 4, by setting the second base angle 2b of the triangular convex portion to 90 °, when the dimming member 8 is viewed from the outdoor side or the indoor side, the appearance is in any case. It becomes difficult to see the streaks.

On the other hand, when light is incident on the plane 8X from the outdoor side at a large incident angle, the light is refracted on the plane 8X, travels through the shaping resin sheet 1A, and is totally reflected at the interface between the shaping resin sheet 1A and the air layer 9. Therefore, it does not permeate through the air layer 9 and the shaped resin sheet 1B, and the entry to the indoor side is blocked. In the present specification, the angle of incidence from the outdoor side to the plane 8X when the light is no longer incident on the indoor side is referred to as a specific angle.

The specific angle changes according to the inclination angle 2a of the air layer 9. When a resin having a refractive index of 1.5 is used as the resin of the shaped resin sheets 1A and 1B constituting the dimming member 8, when the inclination angle 2a of the air layer 9 is 5 °, the specific angle is 63.9 °. When the inclination angle 2a is 10 °, the specific angle is 52.2 °, and when the inclination angle 2a is 20 °, the specific angle is 33.9 °.

For example, when the inclination angle 2a of the air layer 9 is 7 °, the specific angle is about 60 ° when the refractive index is 1.5. Light incident from above at an angle larger than 60 ° and at an angle of 70 ° from the direction perpendicular to the plane 8X is refracted when it is incident on the plane 8X, and is incident on the oblique air layer 9 at an angle of 45 degrees. Since this angle is larger than the critical angle at the interface between the shaped resin sheet 1A and the air layer 9, total reflection occurs and light is reflected at this interface. The reflected light is reflected in the shaped resin sheet 1A and does not pass through the air layer 9 and the shaped resin sheet 1B. On the other hand, for light incident at an angle smaller than 60 ° of the specific angle, the shaping resin sheet 1A is at an angle smaller than the critical angle of the interface between the shaping resin sheet 1A and the air layer 9 with respect to the air layer 9. Since it enters the air layer 9 from, total reflection does not occur and it is refracted. Then, when the air layer 9 enters the shaping resin sheet 1B, reverse refraction occurs, and if the width of the air layer 9 is small, the air layer 9 is hardly affected and the glass is transmitted in the same manner as ordinary glass. Therefore, it is desirable that the thickness of the air layer 9 is 2 mm or less. The lower limit of the thickness of the air layer 9 is about 0.01 mm from the viewpoint that the role of the air layer 9 can be exerted. When the thickness of the air layer 9 is within the above range, the outside scenery looks like ordinary glass when the outside is viewed from the inside. Further, it can be seen that the inclination angle can be made smaller by using a resin having a large refractive index.

The refractive index of the resins of the shaped resin sheets 1A and 1B constituting the dimming member 8 is 1.5, and the inclination angle 2a of the air layer 9 (the first base angle 2a of the triangular convex portion of the shaped resin sheet) is When the dimming member 8 having a temperature of 7 ° is used in a window facing south in Tokyo in a state of standing as shown in FIG. 3, the altitude of the sun is high and the angle of incidence from the outdoor side to the plane 8X is 60 °. When it is larger than, that is, between April and September, the incident of sunlight on the indoor side is suppressed, the altitude of the sun is low, and the angle of incidence from the outdoor side to the plane 8X is smaller than 60 °. That is, from October to March, the incident of sunlight on the indoor side is not suppressed. In the present specification, summer means April to September, and winter means October to March. In places other than Tokyo, the altitude of the sun depends on the latitude in order to prevent sunlight from entering the room in summer and not to prevent sunlight from entering the room in winter. The inclination angle 2a may be appropriately set according to the latitude of the place where the dimming member 8 is installed. In a place where the latitude is larger than Tokyo, the inclination angle 2a may be made larger than 7 °, and the latitude is higher than that of Tokyo. In a place where is small, the inclination angle 2a may be made smaller than 7 °. In order to set the inclination angle 2a, the first base angle 2a of the triangular convex portion of the excipient resin sheet may be set.

By using such a dimming member 8 as a window member and using a resin window glass or attaching it to the window glass, the incident of sunlight into the room is suppressed in summer and the sunlight enters the room in winter. Incident is not suppressed. Moreover, the outside scenery can be clearly seen.

Therefore, if the dimming member 8 having such a structure is used, it is possible to suppress the incident of sunlight on the indoor side when the altitude of the sun is higher than the specific angle. Moreover, since the light incident from below is transmitted in the same manner as that transmitted through ordinary glass, the outside scenery can be seen in the same manner as an ordinary glass window.

In the dimming member of the present invention, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the pair of shaping resin sheets is surrounded by the frame member. Since the outer circumference of the dimming member is surrounded by a frame member, it is easy to keep the thickness of the air layer between the pair of excipient resin sheets constant, and when it is used as a window member, it is installed on a building material or the like. Becomes easier. Even when the dimming member of the present invention is formed by arranging one shaped resin sheet, it is preferable that the outer circumference of the dimming member is surrounded by the frame member, and the outer circumference is the frame member. By being surrounded by, it becomes easy to install it on a building material or the like when it is used as a window member.

When the dimming member is used as a window member, the dimming member is usually used in an upright position, that is, in a vertical posture. At this time, a photovoltaic power generation panel is installed facing the lower end surface of the dimming member. Is preferable. The sunlight incident on the dimming member is reflected by the convex portion of the dimming member and easily collected in the downward direction of the dimming member. Therefore, by installing a photovoltaic power generation panel facing the lower end surface of the dimming member, it is possible to generate electricity efficiently. Even when the dimming member is formed by arranging one shaped resin sheet, when this dimming member is used as a window member, it is used in a vertical posture, but even in this case, dimming is also performed. It is preferable to install the photovoltaic power generation panel so as to face the lower end surface of the member. The dimming member and the photovoltaic power generation panel are preferably bonded by an adhesive or an adhesive.

The dimming member can be used as a window member in place of the commonly used window glass, but is not limited to this, for example, on the outdoor side or the indoor side of the window glass, preferably via an adhesive layer. , It may be used by laminating, or it may be used in combination with double glazing. When the dimming member is formed by arranging one shaping resin sheet, it may be used by being bonded to the outdoor side or the indoor side of the window glass so that the surface having the convex portion is on the indoor side. preferable. Further, even if an adhesive layer is provided on one surface of the dimming member to form a dimming member with an adhesive layer, and the dimming member with the adhesive layer is attached to the window glass so that the adhesive layer surface becomes a contact surface. Good. By providing an adhesive layer on one surface of the dimming member and forming the dimming member with an adhesive layer having an adhesive layer on one surface of the dimming member, it can be easily used as a window member. When the dimming member is used in combination with the double glazing, the dimming member may be arranged between the two plate glasses. At this time, the plate glass and the dimming member are bonded to each other via an adhesive layer. May be good. A commercially available agent can be used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

As yet another embodiment of the dimming member of the present invention, a dimming member using a shaped resin sheet different from the shaped resin sheet 1 may be used as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Examples thereof include a dimming member using a shaped resin sheet having a convex portion formed discontinuously on one surface.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

(Example 1)
On one surface of an acrylic resin plate with a thickness of 3 mm (Sumipex 000 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., refractive index (based on JIS K7142): 1.49), the pitch interval is 1000 μm, the height is 122 μm, and the angle of the base angle. Using a die in which right-angled triangular grooves of 7 ° and 90 ° are continuously formed, the convex portion corresponding to the right-angled triangular groove is press-transferred, as shown in FIG. A shaped resin sheet 1 having one surface having a continuous convex portion and the other surface being a flat surface was produced.
The cross-sectional shape of the convex portion was a right triangle in which one side of the other two sides excluding the hypotenuse was parallel to the thickness direction of the shaped resin sheet. When the shape of the convex part was measured using an optical microscope, it was a right triangle with a pitch interval of 1000 μm, a height of 122 μm, an angle of the first base angle 2a of 7 °, and an angle of the second base angle 2b of 90 °. It was.

(Example 2)
On one surface of an acrylic resin plate with a thickness of 3 mm (Sumipex 000 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., refractive index (based on JIS K7142): 1.49), the pitch interval is 1000 μm, the height is 107 μm, and the angle of the base angle. Using a mold in which 7 ° and 40 ° triangular grooves are continuously formed, the convex portion corresponding to the triangular groove is press-transferred, and one surface is continuous with the convex portion. A molded resin sheet 1 having a concave-convex shape and a flat surface on the other surface was produced.
When the shape of the convex portion was measured using an optical microscope, it was a triangle with a pitch interval of 1000 μm, a height of 122 μm, an angle of the first base angle 2a of 7 °, and an angle of the second base angle 2b of 40 °. ..

<Evaluation>
The following evaluations were performed on each of the excipient resin sheets obtained in Examples 1 and 2.

(Appearance evaluation)
A 7 cm □ test piece was cut out from the obtained excipient resin sheet. The surfaces of the two obtained test pieces having the convex portions are opposed to each other, an adhesive having a thickness of 40 μm is provided on the peripheral portion, and the two pieces are put together at an interval of 40 μm so as to overlap the unevenness. , The appearance of the plane facing the surface having the convex portion was visually evaluated. The excipient resin sheet was arranged as shown in FIG. 3 or 4, and the appearance of the plane facing the surface having the convex portion was evaluated from the plane 8Y side. Those with no visible streaks were evaluated as "○", and those with visible streaks were evaluated as "x". The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Total light transmittance)
The total light transmittance was measured with a haze meter "HN150" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Institute. For the sample, a 7 cm □ test piece was cut out from the obtained excipient resin sheet, an adhesive having a thickness of 40 μm was provided on the peripheral edge of the test piece, and the irregularities of the two obtained test pieces were overlapped with each other. The measurement was performed in a state where the two sheets were put together with an interval of 40 μm. The excipient resin sheet was arranged as shown in FIG. 2, and the plane 8X was arranged on the light source lamp side for measurement. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Shielding performance test)
The light shielding performance at incident angles of + 30 ° and + 60 ° was evaluated. The amount of transmitted light at incident angles of 0 °, + 30 °, and + 60 ° was measured with a Gonio photometer manufactured by Murakami Color Research Institute, and the obtained values were used at an incident angle of + 30 ° with respect to the amount of transmitted light at an incident angle of 0 °. Ratio of transmitted light amount and transmitted light amount at incident angle + 60 ° (transmitted light amount at incident angle 30 ° / transmitted light amount at incident angle 0 °, transmitted light amount at incident angle 60 ° / incident angle 0 ° The amount of transmitted light) was calculated. For the sample, a 7 cm □ test piece was cut out from the obtained excipient resin sheet, an adhesive having a thickness of 40 μm was provided on the peripheral edge of the test piece, and an interval of 40 μm was provided so as to overlap the irregularities of the two test pieces. Was opened and the measurement was performed with the two sheets combined. The shaped resin sheet was arranged as shown in FIG. 3 or 4, and was measured by injecting light from the plane 8X side. The calculated results are shown in Table 1. The incident angle of 0 ° means that light is incident from a direction parallel to the thickness direction (hereinafter, thickness direction) of the sample shaped resin sheet, and the incident angle of +30 ° is relative to the thickness direction. It means that the light was incident from above 30 °. Further, the transmitted light amount (%) of each sample is the light amount obtained by measuring without the sample as the transmitted light amount of 100%, and the ratio of the light amount obtained by measuring with the sample to the transmitted light amount is calculated. It is the obtained value.

1 Molded resin sheet 2 Bottom angle 3 Resin inlet 4 Die 5 Pressing roll 6 Transfer type 7 Extruder 8 Dimming member 9 Air layer

Claims (9)

A window including a dimming member in which one or more convex resin sheets having a convex portion on one surface are arranged.
At least one shaping the resin sheet constituting the light control member, its cross-sectional shape is a shaping resin sheet having a triangular ridge is a triangle, the height of the triangular ridge is at 1μm or more 1cm or less When the pitch interval is 10 μm or more and 10 cm or less and the straight line connecting both ends of the bottom of the convex portion of the triangle is the base of the triangle, the base of the triangle is the outdoor side and the base angle of one of the triangles is The first base angle is on the upper side, and the second base angle, which is the other base angle, is on the lower side, and the first base angle of the triangular convex portion is 1 ° or more and 40 ° or less. , the second base angle is 90 °, Ru extends linearly in a direction in which the ridge is perpendicular to the vertical direction in the arrangement window. The window according to claim 1, wherein the total light transmittance of the at least one type resin sheet is 80% or more. The window according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the height of the triangular convex portion of the at least one shaping resin sheet is 5 μm or more and 122 μm or less. The window according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the pitch interval of the triangular convex portions of the at least one shaping resin sheet is 50 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. The window according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the height of the triangular convex portion of the at least one shaping resin sheet is 5 μm or more and 122 μm or less, and the pitch interval is 50 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. The window according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the dimming member is a dimming member in which one shaped resin sheet having a triangular convex portion is arranged on one surface. The window according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the dimming member is a dimming member in which a plurality of shaped resin sheets having triangular convex portions on one surface are arranged. The dimming member is a dimming member in which a shaped resin sheet having a triangular convex portion on one of a pair of surfaces is arranged so that the surfaces having the triangular convex portions face each other via an air layer. , The window according to claim 7 . The window according to claim 8 , wherein the dimming member is formed by laminating an excipient resin sheet having a triangular convex portion on one of a pair of surfaces with an adhesive or an adhesive.

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