JP6766511B2 - Keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument having a displacement member that is driven by a key pressing operation and is displaced in the forward direction.

Conventionally, a keyboard instrument having a displacement member such as a hammer that is driven by a key pressing operation and is displaced in the forward direction is known. For example, Patent Documents 1, 2 and 3 disclose a keyboard instrument having a hammer that reciprocates in conjunction with a key release operation. Further, particularly in the keyboard instruments of Patent Documents 2 and 3, a sensor for detecting the operation of the hammer is provided, and the string striking speed and the like are determined based on the detection result of the sensor.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-210451 Japanese Patent No. 2917586 Japanese Patent No. 3785729

However, the hammer receives an urging force from the key via a member such as a jack, and the urging force from the key can act as an acceleration even in the middle of rotation. Here, the hammer is separated from the key and inertially rotates in the last short section in the rotation forward stroke. That is, the actual string striking is performed after the state of freely rotating without receiving the urging force from the key. However, when the movement of the hammer is detected in the section where the urging force from the key can be received, the urging force may be added as a disturbance to the detection result depending on the key pressing mode, so that the rotation speed is accurate. Cannot be detected. Therefore, for example, there is room for improvement in accurately detecting the operation of the hammer in all key pressing modes and, by extension, in properly pronouncing based on the detection result.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard instrument capable of accurately detecting the operation of a displacement member in a state where an urging force from a key is not applied as a disturbance. To provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the keyboard instrument according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a key (K), a string, a damper lever, a damper that is pivotally supported by the damper lever and comes into contact with the string when the key is not pressed, and the above. A damper lever cushion provided on the key that separates the damper from the string by pushing up the damper lever as the key rotates in the forward direction, and a damper lever cushion that is driven by pressing the key to displace in the forward direction. , A displacement member (11) having an inertial displacement section (101) that can be displaced by inertia without receiving an urging force from the key regardless of the pressing / releasing key mode in the section including the displacement end position in the forward direction among the displaceable sections. ), And a muffling stopper that can switch between a position that abuts the displacement member and a position that does not abut, and prevents the displacement member from abutting the chord when it is in a position that abuts the displacement member. A first sensor (SW7) provided on the muffling stopper and detecting the operation of the displacement member when the displacement member is in the inertial displacement section, and detecting the separation timing between the damper lever cushion and the damper lever. The sounding timing is determined based on the operation of the second sensor (SW2) and the displacement member detected by the first sensor, and the muffling timing is determined based on the separation timing detected by the second sensor. It is characterized by having a determination means .

According to the onset bright, it is possible to accurately detect the operation of the displacement member in a state in which the urging force from the key is not added as a disturbance.

According to claim 2 , the displacement speed of the displacement member can be accurately determined under the condition that the disturbance is removed.

It is a vertical sectional view of the keyboard instrument which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a side view of one action mechanism and its peripheral elements. A cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the detection unit (FIG. (A)), a diagram showing the relationship between the hammer stroke and the inertial displacement section (FIG. (B)), and a diagram showing the detection state by the detection unit (FIG. (C)). is there. It is a block diagram (FIG. (a)) which shows the whole structure of a keyboard instrument, and the conceptual diagram (FIG. (b)) which shows the information of the detection result in the detection part. It is a flowchart which shows the main process. It is a flowchart which shows the sounding process (FIG. (a)), and mute process (FIG. (b)) of each key. It is a front view (FIG. (a)) which shows the modification of the detection part, and figure (FIG. (b)) which shows the detection state by a detection part. It is a side view of the action mechanism of an upright piano.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a keyboard instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 mainly shows the configuration of one key K and the corresponding action mechanism ACT. This keyboard instrument is configured as a grand piano type electronic keyboard instrument, and a plurality of white keys and black keys K are arranged in parallel. An action mechanism ACT is provided above the rear end of the key K corresponding to each key K. Each key K is rotatably arranged in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of FIG. 1 with a portion of the key fulcrum portion 70 near the balance pin 74 as a fulcrum. The right side of FIG. 1 is the player side, the front side, and the left side is the rear side. The front part of the key K is pushed and released.

This keyboard instrument can be pronounced by hitting the string 19 by the hammer 11, and can also be pronounced electronically by detecting the movement or position of a component in the action mechanism ACT or the like. The position of the muffling stopper 60 is variably attached to the base portion 76 including the keyboard reed, and the position of the muffling stopper 60 can be switched by operating an operator (not shown). When playing with normal stringing, the muffling stopper 60 is positioned at a position where the hammer 11 does not abut, and when playing in muffling mode, the muffling stopper 60 is positioned at a position where it abuts with the hammer 11. 11 can be prevented from contacting the string 19. Front bushing cloths 64A and 64B are provided at the lower part of the front portion of the key K. The base portion 76 is provided with front punching cloths 63A and 63B corresponding to the positions of the front bushing cloths 64A and 64B. When the front bushing cloths 64A and 64B come into contact with the front punching cloths 63A and 63B by the key pressing operation, the rotation end position (end position) of the key K is regulated. The front pins 75A and 75B regulate the movement of the front part of each key K in the key arrangement direction during key pressing operation.

A conductive portion 66 is provided below the rear portion of the key K. The base portion 76 is provided with a back rail cloth 65 via a back rail underfelt so as to correspond to the conductive portion 66. When the lower surface of the rear portion of the key K abuts on the back rail cross 65, the conductive portion 66 abuts on the back rail cross 65, and the initial position of the key K in the non-keyed state, that is, the rotation start position (rest position) is regulated. Will be done. The electric circuit board 61 is fixedly arranged with respect to the base portion 76. Further, the electric circuit board 62 is fixedly arranged with respect to the action bracket 77. There are other electric circuit boards, but their illustrations are omitted.

FIG. 2 is a side view of one action mechanism ACT and its peripheral elements. A capstan screw 4 is planted on the upper surface of the rear end of the key K. A back check 35 is provided at the upper part of the rear end of the key K. The damper lever 67 is pivotally supported by the damper lever frenzy 78 behind the key K. Further, the damper lever 67 is pivotally supported by the damper block 69, and the damper 79 is fixed to the damper block 69. The action mechanism ACT mainly includes a wippen 5, a jack 6, a repetition lever 8, and the like. In the wippen 5, the rotation fulcrum 23 of the rear end 5a is pivotally supported by the support frenzy 2 fixed to the support rail 3, and the front end 5b, which is a free end, rotates vertically around the rotation fulcrum 23. It is free. A hammer shank stop felt 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the wippen 5 on the rotation fulcrum 23 side. A jack stop 33 is projected above the front half of the wippen 5.

The repetition lever frenzy 7 is projected upward at the center of the wippen 5 in the front-rear direction. The repetition lever 8 is rotatably supported in the clockwise direction and counterclockwise direction of the figure about the rotation fulcrum 7a at the upper end of the repetition lever frenzy 7. The jack 6 has a vertical portion 6a extending substantially upward and a small jack 6b extending substantially forward in the horizontal direction, and exhibits a substantially L-shape in side view. The jack 6 is rotatably arranged in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of FIG. 2 at the rotation fulcrum 36 of the front end 5b of the wippen 5. The jack stop 33 has a jack button screw 32 and a jack button 31 provided at the rear end of the jack button screw 32. In the non-key state (key release state), the jack 6 abuts on the jack button 31 to regulate the initial position of the jack 6, and the initial position can be adjusted by the jack button screw 32.

A shank frenzy 9 is fixed to the shank rail 10. The height of the regulating rail 25 is adjustable with respect to the regulating rail 100 attached to the shank rail 10. A repetition screw 34 is provided at the lower part of the shank frenzy 9. The hammer 11 is arranged above the repetition lever 8. The front end of the hammer shank 16 of the hammer 11 is pivotally supported with respect to the shank frenzy 9 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction about the rotation center 13. A hammer wood 17 is attached to a free end, which is the rear end of the hammer shank 16. A hammer felt 18 is attached to the upper end of the hammer wood 17. A hammer roller 14 is provided near the front end portion of the hammer shank 16.

In the non-key state, the repetition lever 8 receives the hammer roller 14 from below on the upper surface of the front end portion thereof, and restricts the hammer 11 to the initial position. On the other hand, a repetition lever button 15 is arranged at the rear end of the repetition lever 8 so that the height can be adjusted. The button 15 abuts on the upper surface of the rear end portion 5a of the wippen 5, thereby restricting the counterclockwise rotation of the repetition lever 8 and restricting the repetition lever 8 to the initial position. An elongated hole 21 is formed at the front end of the repetition lever 8. The vertical portion 6a of the jack 6 is inserted into the elongated hole 21, and the top end surface 22 of the vertical portion 6a is substantially flush with the upper surface of the repetition lever 8.

In such a configuration, in the normal key pressing operation in which the key K is pressed from the non-pressed state, the wippen 5 is pushed up by the ascent of the capstan screw 4 and is in the outward direction centered on the rotation fulcrum 23. It rotates counterclockwise. When the wippen 5 is pushed up, the repetition lever 8 and the jack 6 rotate upward together with the wippen 5. Along with these rotations, first, the vertical portion 6a of the repetition lever 8 and the jack 6 pushes up the hammer 11 via the hammer roller 14 and rotates it upward while rotating or sliding the hammer roller 14.

On the other hand, as the key K rotates in the forward direction, the damper lever cushion 68 provided on the upper portion of the rear end portion of the key K pushes up the front end portion of the damper lever 67. Then, the damper 79 rises through the damper block 69, and the damper 79 (strictly speaking, the damper felt provided at the lower part of the damper 79) separates from the string 19. Next, when the repetition lever 8 abuts and engages with the repetition screw 34 to regulate the displacement (upper limit position) of the repetition lever 8 in the counterclockwise direction, the top end surface 22 of the vertical portion 6a of the jack 6 is repetitive. The hammer 11 protrudes through the elongated hole 21 of the lever 8, and the hammer roller 14 is driven by the top end surface 22 to push up the hammer 11. When the wippen 5 further rotates in the forward direction, the jack small 6b of the jack 6 comes into contact with the lower surface of the regulating button 25 (strictly speaking, the regulating button punching) in the middle of the rotation, and the rise is prevented. However, since the wippen 5 itself still rotates, the jack 6 rotates clockwise around the rotation fulcrum 36. Therefore, the top end surface 22 of the vertical portion 6a of the jack 6 escapes from below the hammer roller 14 to the front and escapes. As a result, the hammer 11 is disengaged from the jack 6 and hits the string 19 in a free rotation state.

In the string striking mode, the displacement end position of the hammer 11 in the forward direction is defined by the hammer felt 18 of the hammer 11 coming into contact with the string 19. After striking the string, the hammer 11 rotates and returns due to its own weight and the repulsive force of the string 19. In the muffling mode, the hammer 11 is restricted from rotating by the hammer shank 16 indirectly contacting the muffling stopper 60, and does not abut on the strings 19. Therefore, the displacement end position of the hammer 11 in the forward direction in the muffling mode is defined by indirect contact with the muffling stopper 60. In this way, the hammer 11 is driven by the pressing operation of the key K and is displaced in the outward direction. In the section including the displacement end position in the outward direction, the urging force from the key K is applied regardless of the key pressing mode. It has an inertial displacement section that is displaced only by inertia without receiving. The inertial displacement section of the hammer 11 is a section that includes the displacement end position of the hammer 11 in the forward direction and cannot come into contact with the jack 6. In this inertial displacement section, the key K does not directly or indirectly engage the hammer 11 regardless of the key release mode, and the acceleration does not act as a disturbance except for the influence of deceleration due to gravity or friction. .. The length of the inertial displacement section differs between the string striking mode and the muffling mode, and the string striking mode is longer in the forward direction. The inertial displacement section in the mute mode is particularly referred to as an inertial displacement section 101. The position on the rotation start side of the inertial displacement section is the same in the string striking mode and the muffling mode.

After the key is pressed, when the key pressed state is maintained, the hammer 11 that bounces off the string 19 is stopped by the hammer wood 17 being received by the back check 35 (strictly speaking, the back check cloth 35a). There is. When the key K is released and the back check 35 and the hammer 11 are disengaged, the repetition lever 8 is rotated counterclockwise by the urging force of the repetition urging portion 12b, and the hammer roller 14 is moved to the repetition lever. Supported by 8. Further, after the string striking operation, the jack 6 is released from the regulating button 25 as the whippen 5 returns to rotate, and returns to the initial position in the counterclockwise direction by the urging force of the jack urging portion 12a. Return. The top end surface 22 of the vertical portion 6a of the jack 6 quickly returns to the lower position of the hammer roller 14, so that the next string striking operation by re-pressing can be performed even if the key K does not completely return to the non-pressing position. You will be able to do it. In other words, fast duet is possible.

By the way, in this keyboard instrument, a component whose engagement state with respect to an object having an engagement relationship can change in the process of pressing and releasing keys is referred to as a "component". The constituent body includes not only a single component but also a component component configured as an integral body or a component movable as an integral body. For example, in addition to the key K (key body) and the hammer 11, the components intervening in the system from the key K to the hammer 11 or the rotation operation start position and the rotation operation end position of the key K and the hammer 11 are regulated. The component is applicable. Specifically, in addition to these, the components 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 19, 20, 25, 31, 34, 35, 60, 63, 65, 79, etc. However, it may correspond to a component. The components 64, 66, and 68 may be grasped as a part of the key K. The components 14, 16, 17, and 18 may be grasped as a part of the hammer 11. The components are not limited to those exemplified.

This keyboard instrument includes a plurality of detection units SW (detection units SW2 to SW8) including a detection unit SW7, corresponding to the key K. The detection unit SW detects the operation of the key K or the displacement member, or detects the engagement state between the components that may be engaged with each other. The detection unit SW7 is arranged on the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60. Therefore, in the muffling mode, the hammer 11 abuts on the detection unit SW7 and indirectly abuts on the muffling stopper 60 via the detection unit SW7. In the present embodiment, attention is paid to a "displacement member" that is directly or indirectly driven by the key K by the key pressing operation and is displaced (moved) in the forward direction and is moved in the return direction by the release operation of the key K. The sound information including the key pressing velocity is generated, and the sounding timing is determined. Consider the hammer 11 as an example of the displacement member. The operation of the hammer 11 is detected by the detection unit SW7, and the sounding timing and the key pressing speed are determined based on the detection result.

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the detection unit SW7. The detection unit SW7 is configured as a two-make type switch having a small pressing stroke, and has a driven unit 87 that bulges downward in a dome shape. Fixed contacts 86 and 90 are provided on the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60. Movable contacts 85 and 89 are provided in the dome corresponding to the fixed contacts 86 and 90, respectively. The movable contact 85 and the fixed contact 86 form the first switch SW7-1, and the movable contact 89 and the fixed contact 90 form the second switch SW7-2. A stopper portion 88 is provided in the dome, which is separated from the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60 by the movable contact 85 in a non-key state. The starting point of the entire rotation stroke, which is the operating range of the hammer 11 in the mute mode, is regulated by the hammer 11 coming into contact with the repetition lever 8. In the muffling mode, the end points of all strokes are regulated by the stopper portion 88 being in contact with the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60.

FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the relationship between the stroke of the hammer 11 and the inertial displacement section 101. FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a detection state by the detection unit SW7. As shown in FIG. 3B, when the driven portion 87 is driven by the hammer 11 in the key pressing stroke, the movable contact 85 first abuts on the fixed contact 86 and becomes electrically conductive, and the first switch SW7-1 is turned ON. After that, the movable contact 89 comes into contact with the fixed contact 90 and becomes electrically conductive, and the second switch SW7-2 is turned ON. After that, the stopper portion 88 comes into contact with the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60. In the inertial displacement section 101 in the muffling mode, the hammer 11 is displaced by inertia without receiving the urging force from the key K in any of the round trips. The end position on the rotation operation start side of the inertial displacement section 101 corresponds to the position where the jack 6 escapes from below the hammer roller 14 to the front. The end position of the inertial displacement section 101 on the end side of the rotation operation corresponds to the position where the stopper portion 88 is in contact with the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60.

As shown in FIG. 3C, in the displacement stroke of the hammer 11 in the forward direction, the CPU 45 described later has a time difference between the first switch SW7-1 being turned on and the second switch SW7-2 being turned on. The key-pressing velocity is determined based on ΔT1, and for example, the reciprocal of the time difference ΔT1 multiplied by a coefficient is defined as the key-pressing velocity. In the section where the switches SW7-1 and SW7-2 are turned on in order, the hammer 11 is displaced by inertia without applying the acceleration from the key K, so that it is not affected by the disturbance and is just before the end of rotation. The displacement speed can be detected accurately.

The detection unit SW8 (FIG. 2) is configured as a one-make type switch like the first switch SW7-1 of the detection unit SW7. The detection unit SW8 is arranged below the stop rail 81. The detection units SW2 to SW6 may be configured as long as they can detect the movement of the key K or the displacement member, and a configuration suitable for the arrangement location can be adopted. For example, the detection units SW5 and SW6 (FIG. 1) are arranged in front of the key fulcrum unit 70, and both are turned ON when pressed by the key K to be pressed. The detection unit SW5 protrudes more than the detection unit SW6, and is turned ON first in the key pressing outward stroke. For the detection units SW2 to SW4, a general switch configuration that is turned on by contact or pressure change may be adopted, but in the present embodiment, as an example, a state of electrical conduction between the constituents. The configuration is such that the engagement state of the two is detected. Specifically, each of the engaging portions in the structure that engage with each other has a conductive configuration, and the CPU 45 (FIG. 4A) is conductive if they are in contact with each other and non-conductive if they are separated from each other. The engagement state of both is detected by utilizing the fact that. In order to easily realize such a conductive configuration, for example, a conductive material is applied to a region of the engaging portion where the conductive materials engage with each other.

FIG. 4A is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the keyboard instrument. In this keyboard instrument, the detection circuit 43, the detection circuit 44, the ROM 46, the RAM 47, the timer 48, the display device 49, the external storage device 50, various interfaces (I / F) 51, the sound source circuit 53, and the effect circuit 54 have the bus 56. It is configured by being connected to each of the CPUs 45 via. Further, a detection unit SW is connected to the detection circuit 44. The various controls 41 also include performance controls such as the key K. A timer 48 is connected to the CPU 45, and a sound system 55 is connected to the sound source circuit 53 via the effect circuit 54.

The detection circuit 43 detects the operating state of the various controls 41. The detection circuit 44 detects the continuity state in the detection unit SW and supplies the detection result to the CPU 45. The CPU 45 controls the entire device. The ROM 46 stores a control program executed by the CPU 45, various table data, and the like. The RAM 47 temporarily stores various input information such as performance data and text data, various flags, buffer data, calculation results, and the like. The timer 48 measures the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process. Various I / F 51 include MIDI-I / F and communication I / F. The sound source circuit 53 converts performance data input from various controls 41, preset performance data, and the like into sound signals. The effect circuit 54 imparts various effects to the sound signal input from the sound source circuit 53, and the sound system 55 such as a DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), an amplifier, or a speaker uses the sound signal input from the effect circuit 54. Etc. are converted into sound.

FIG. 4B is a conceptual diagram showing information on the detection result in the detection unit SW stored in the register. The information of the detection result in the detection unit SW is the information indicating the continuity state indicating whether it is ON or OFF and the change time when ON and OFF are switched, and for all the detection unit SW, the register of the RAM 47 for each key K. Is remembered in. It is not necessary to store the detection unit SW in which the detection information is not used. The detection unit SW7 stores detection result information for each of the first switch SW7-1 and the second switch SW7-2.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the main process. This process is started by turning on the power of the keyboard instrument and is executed at predetermined time (for example, every 100 μs) intervals. First, the CPU 45 scans the detection unit SW of each key K and stores the scanning result (ON or OFF) in the register for each key K (step S101). Next, when a state change, that is, a change between ON and OFF occurs in each detection unit SW, the CPU 45 also stores the change time (step S102). As a result, the detection result information (FIG. 4B) is stored for each key K and is updated as needed. The scanning process of each detection unit SW and the process of storing the state in the register may be automatically performed sequentially by hardware. Next, the CPU 45 executes the sounding process of each key K (FIG. 6 (a)) (step S103), and then executes the muffling process of each key K (FIG. 6 (b)) (step S104). ), The process of FIG. 5 is completed.

Sound control can be performed based on the detection results of a plurality of detection units SW. Further, the detection results of those detection units SW are not limited to sound control, but can also be used to record a performance as performance data for sound control. There is no limitation on the detection unit SW used for sound control and recording of performance data. That is, any detection unit SW may be adopted as the detection unit SW for generating sound information that determines the sound trigger and the key press velocity. Further, any detection unit SW may be adopted as the muffling-compatible detection unit SW that mutes the sound that has been pronounced. In the present embodiment, as a representative, an example in which both sound generation processing and sound deadening processing are performed using the detection unit SW7 will be described. In the present embodiment, the CPU 45 determines the timing at which the second switch SW7-2 of the detection unit SW7 is turned from off to on as the sounding timing, and detects the first switch SW7-1 and the second switch SW7-2. The key press velocity is determined from the time difference.

FIG. 6A is a flowchart showing the sounding process of each key K executed in step S103 of FIG. FIG. 6B is a flowchart showing a muffling process of each key K executed in step S104 of FIG. First, in step S201 of FIG. 6A, the CPU 45 determines whether or not the state of the first switch SW7-1 of the detection unit SW7 is ON. This determination is made by referring to the detection result information (FIG. 4B), and the same applies thereafter. As a result of the determination, if the state of the detection unit SW7 is not ON (OFF), the process of FIG. 6A ends without sounding. On the other hand, when the state of the first switch SW7-1 is ON, the CPU 45 determines whether or not the state of the second switch SW7-2 of the detection unit SW7 has changed from OFF (OFF) to ON (ON). Determine (step S202). As a result of the determination, if the state of the second switch SW7-2 has not changed from off, it is not the timing to sound, so the process of FIG. 6A ends without sounding.

On the other hand, when the state of the second switch SW7-2 changes from off to on, the CPU 45 can determine that the key has been pressed with a strength sufficient to sound, so the CPU 45 determines the current time as the sound timing. At the same time, sound information is generated (step S203). In generating this sound information, the CPU 45 presses the key velocity based on the time difference ΔT1 (see FIG. 3C) from when the first switch SW7-1 is turned on until when the second switch SW7-2 is turned on. To determine. For example, the CPU 45 uses the reciprocal of the time difference ΔT1 multiplied by a coefficient as the key pressing velocity. Then, the CPU 45 starts sounding based on the generated sound information (step S204). That is, the CPU 45 controls the sound source circuit 53, the effect circuit 54, and the like so that the pitch of the key K, which is the target of the processing this time, is sounded at the velocity currently determined corresponding to the key K. To do. After that, the process of FIG. 6A is completed.

In the muffling process of each key K in FIG. 6B, in step S301, the CPU 45 changes the state of the muffling detection unit SW (here, the first switch SW7-1 of the detection unit SW7) from on to off. Determine if it has been done. As a result of the determination, if the state of the first switch SW7-1 has not changed from on to off, the CPU 45 ends the process of FIG. 6B without starting muffling. On the other hand, when the state of the first switch SW7-1 changes from on to off, the CPU 45 advances the process to step S302, and determines whether or not the pitch corresponding to the key K to be processed this time is being sounded. Determine. As a result of the determination, the CPU 45 terminates the process of FIG. 6B if it is not sounding, while if it is sounding, it determines that the muffling timing has arrived and starts muting the sound being sounded. (Step S303). After that, the process of FIG. 6B ends.

As the muffling detection unit SW, for example, any of the detection units SW2, SW5, and SW6 may be used instead of the first switch SW7-1 of the detection unit SW7, and more appropriate muffling control can be performed. You may be able to do it. For example, if the detection unit SW2 is used as the sound deadening detection unit SW, the sound deadening timing is the separation between the damper lever cushion 68 and the damper lever 67 (contact portion 67a). In this case, Ri and natural mute good.

According to the present embodiment, since the detection unit SW7 is provided as a sensor for detecting the operation of the hammer 11 when the hammer 11 is in the inertial displacement section 101, the hammer in a state where the urging force from the key K is not applied as a disturbance. The operation of 11 can be accurately detected. In particular, the CPU 45 appropriately determines the sounding timing according to the detection timing of the second switch SW7-2. Moreover, the detection unit SW7 detects the passage of the hammer 11 at two points in the inertial displacement section 101, and the CPU 45 determines the displacement speed of the hammer 11 based on the time difference ΔT1 of the passage at the two points. As a result, the speed of the hammer 11 can be detected under the condition that the disturbance is removed, and the key pressing speed can be estimated accurately, so that sound information can be appropriately generated.

The configuration of the detection unit SW7 is not limited to the illustrated switch type, and may be, for example, an optical type. FIG. 7A is a front view showing a modified example of the detection unit SW7. The detection unit SW7 is configured as a photointerruptor type optical sensor. The pair of the light emitting unit 83 and the light receiving unit 84 constitutes the first switch SW7-1, and the pair of the light emitting unit 91 and the light receiving unit 92 constitutes the second switch SW7-2. The first switch SW7-1 is turned on when the hammer 11 blocks the optical path from the light emitting unit 83 to the light receiving unit 84. The second switch SW7-2 is turned on when the hammer 11 blocks the optical path from the light emitting unit 91 to the light receiving unit 92. Below the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60, the light emitting unit 91 and the light receiving unit 92 are at the same height, and further below these, the light emitting unit 83 and the light receiving unit 84 are at the same height. Based on the upper surface position of the hammer shank 16, the inertial displacement section 101 in the muffling mode is a section from a position slightly lower than the height of the first switch SW7-1 to the lower surface of the muffling stopper 60.

FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a detection state by the detection unit SW7. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the driven unit 87 is driven by the hammer 11 in the key pressing stroke, the first switch SW7-1 is turned on first, and then the second switch SW7-2 is turned on. It becomes. Similar to the example of FIG. 3, the CPU 45 determines the key press velocity based on the time difference ΔT1 from when the first switch SW7-1 is turned on to when the second switch SW7-2 is turned on. From the viewpoint of detecting the displacement speed, the detection unit SW7 may have a configuration capable of detecting the operation of the hammer 11 at at least two points in the inertial displacement section 101.

Although the application of the present invention to a keyboard instrument having a grand piano type action mechanism ACT has been illustrated so far, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. That is, it suffices to have a displacement member that is displaced (operated) in the forward and backward directions by the key release operation and has an inertial displacement section, and does not have to have an action mechanism. Further, although the hammer 11 is mainly focused on the hammer shank 16 as the displacement member, the displacement member may be a hammer roller 14, a hammer shank 16, a hammer wood 17, or a hammer felt 18.

The present invention can also be applied to a keyboard instrument having an upright type action mechanism ACT as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a side view of the action mechanism ACT2 of the upright piano. In a normal key pressing operation, when the key K is pressed, the wipen 112 is pushed up and rotated, and the jack 120 is raised. Further, when the jack 120 rises, the butt 126 is pushed up by the jack 120 to rotate the hammer 130 counterclockwise in FIG. The jack 120 rotates upward, and on the way, abuts on the regulating button 140 and rotates clockwise to temporarily escape from the lower part of the bat 126. Further, when the whipen 112 rises and rotates, the damper spoon 156 rotates the damper lever 152 clockwise to separate the damper 155 from the string 19.

Then, after the damper 155 is separated from the string 19, the hammer 130 hits the string 19, the hammer 130 bounces off, and the catcher 133 is elastically received by the back check 144. The jack 120 is released from the regulating button 140 by the rotation and lowering of the whipen 112 accompanying the key release operation, so that the jack 120 is rotated and returned, and the upper end thereof enters the lower part of the bat 126 again. As a result, the next string striking operation with the same key K becomes possible. The key back rail cloth 165 is fixedly arranged with respect to the shelf board 106, and the conductive portion 166 is provided below the rear portion of the key K. Similar to the muffling stopper 60, the muffling stopper 82 can be repositioned for the muffling mode. In such a configuration, for example, the muffling stopper 82 may be provided with the detection unit SW7. Further, a detection unit SW is provided between the butt 126 and the jack 120, between the regulating button 140 and the jack 120, between the lower surface of the key K (conductive portion 166) and the key back rail cross 165, and the like. You may. The inertial displacement section of the hammer 130 in the configuration of FIG. 8 in the muffling mode is a section in which the bat 126 and the jack 120 cannot come into contact with each other, including the displacement end position of the hammer 130 in the forward direction.

As described above, the inertial displacement section is longer in the forward direction in the string striking mode than in the muffling mode. If it is desired to detect the operation of the hammer 11 just before the end of rotation in the string striking mode, a configuration is conceivable in which a detection unit instead of the detection unit SW7 is arranged on the muffler felt in the muffler mechanism for reducing sound. For example, a seat sensor as a detection unit is built in the muffler felt, and the pressure when the hammer felt 18 of the hammer 11 presses the muffler felt is detected. Although the strings vibrate and sound, it is conceivable that the operation of the hammer 11 is detected and recorded as performance data.

Although the present invention has been described in detail based on the preferred embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various embodiments within the scope of the gist of the present invention are also included in the present invention. included.

6 Jack, 11 Hammer, 45 CPU (decision means), K key, 101 inertial displacement section, SW7 detector, SW7-1 1st switch, SW7-2 2nd switch, ΔT1 time difference

Claims (3)

With the key
With the strings
Damper lever and
A damper that is pivotally supported by the damper lever and comes into contact with the string when the key is not pressed.
A damper lever cushion provided on the key, which separates the damper from the string by pushing up the damper lever as the key rotates in the forward direction.
It is driven by the key pressing operation and is displaced in the forward direction, and inertially occurs in the displaceable section including the displacement end position in the forward direction without receiving the urging force from the key regardless of the key pressing mode. Displacement members with inertial displacement sections that can be displaced,
It is possible to switch between a position where the displacement member is in contact with the position and a position where the displacement member is not in contact with the displacement member.
A first sensor provided on the muffling stopper and detecting the operation of the displacement member when the displacement member is in the inertial displacement section.
A second sensor that detects the timing of separation between the damper lever cushion and the damper lever, and
A determination means for determining the sounding timing based on the operation of the displacement member detected by the first sensor and determining the muffling timing based on the separation timing detected by the second sensor.
A keyboard instrument characterized by having. The first sensor detects the passage of the displacement member at at least two points in the inertial displacement section, and detects the passage of the displacement member.
The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the determination means determines the displacement speed of the displacement member based on the time difference between the passages of the displacement member at the two locations detected by the first sensor. .. The displacement member is a member that constitutes a hammer driven by a jack that is movable by pressing the key.
The keyboard instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inertial displacement section is a section including the displacement end position where the jack and a member constituting the hammer cannot come into contact with each other.