JP6757413B2 - 膝関節矯正具製造装置及び膝関節矯正具製造方法並びに膝関節治療支援装置 - Google Patents
膝関節矯正具製造装置及び膝関節矯正具製造方法並びに膝関節治療支援装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
図1は本実施の形態における膝関節矯正具製造装置1を示し、いわゆるPC(Personal Computer)などのコンピュータに本発明を適用した膝関節矯正具設計プログラムをインストールすることなどにより構築することができる。
続いて上述の膝関節矯正具製造装置1において設計された外骨格モールドをもとに、3Dプリンタや金型加工等による製造工程を経て、装着式の膝関節矯正具を製造する。実際に膝関節矯正具が対象者の膝関節部に正しく取り付けられているか否かは、取り付け前後における膝関節モデルの変化をCTにて測定して確認される。
例えば図2(A)及び(B)に示すように、装着式の膝関節矯正具10は、対象者の大腿下部に密着して締結される大腿固定部11と、当該対象者の脛上部に固定される脛固定部12と、大腿固定部11及び脛固定部12を連結し、かつ対象者の膝関節部を屈曲方向及び伸展方向に回転自在に軸支するヒンジ部13と、ヒンジ部13の回転角度を調整可能な調整機構14とを有する。
図2(A)及び(B)との対応部分に同一符号を付して示す図3(A)及び(B)において、装着式の膝関節矯正具20は、これを装着した対象者の膝関節部の外力作用点にかかる圧力を検出する圧力センサ(圧力検知部)21が取り付けられている。圧力センサ21としては、MEMS圧力センサ、静電容量式圧力センサ及び半導体式圧力センサなど種々の圧電変換素子を適用すればよい。
上述のように膝関節矯正具製造装置1においては、図4の設計処理手順に示すように、対象者の膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状を測定して得られる測定データを3次元解析して膝関節モデルを構築した後(ステップSP1)、当該膝関節モデルを基準として、対象者の自重により膝関節部にかかる負荷が、大腿骨先端と脛骨先端との間で接触押圧力を分散させるように、膝関節部の症状改善に向けた矯正方向への遷移状態を連続的又は段階的にシミュレーションする(ステップSP2)。
上述のように膝関節矯正具製造装置1により製造された膝関節矯正具10、20を対象者が装着すれば、膝関節部にかかる負荷が圧力集中が偏ることなく大腿骨先端と脛骨先端との間で接触押圧力を分散させるように、膝関節モデルの矯正方向への遷移状態をシミュレーションすることにより、膝関節部の内部空間環境を細胞再生に適した安定な環境を作り出すことができる。この結果、対象者が軽度の変形性膝関節症であれば自己治癒の促進を図ることができる一方、重度の変形性膝関節症であれば幹細胞等の注入による再生医療を兼ねながら治療させることができる。
なお上述の本実施の形態においては、膝関節矯正具製造装置1を、図1に示すようなコンピュータから構成する場合について述べたが、本発明はこれに限らず、対象者の膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状を測定する測定手段と、モールド設計部により設計された外骨格モールドから実際の膝関節矯正具を製造する3Dプリンタや金型加工機などの製造手段とをコンピュータに接続したり、全て一体型の装置を構成するようにしても良い。
Claims (9)
- 対象者の膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状を測定して得られる測定データを3次元解析するとともに、当該膝関節部の内部空間形状において応力解析し、当該膝関節部の内部空間に対して均等な応力分布が反映された膝関節モデルを構築するモデル構築部と、
前記モデル構築部による前記膝関節モデルを基準として、前記対象者の自重により前記膝関節部にかかる負荷が、大腿骨先端と脛骨先端との間で接触押圧力を分散させるように、前記膝関節部の症状改善に向けた矯正方向への遷移状態を連続的又は段階的にシミュレーションする遷移状態予測部と、
前記遷移状態予測部による前記遷移状態に基づいて、前記膝関節部を矯正方向へ連続的又は段階的に微調整可能で、かつ当該膝関節部の内部空間が常に一定の圧力で保持されることが可能な外骨格モールドを設計するモールド設計部と、
を備えることを特徴とする膝関節矯正具製造装置。 - 前記遷移状態予測部は、前記膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状が現在の開始状態から前記装着者の理想的な健康状態まで滑らかに変形するように、前記膝関節モデルの矯正方向への遷移状態をシミュレーションする
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膝関節矯正具製造装置。 - 前記モールド設計部により設計された前記外骨格モールドは、
前記対象者の大腿下部に密着して締結される大腿固定部と、当該対象者の脛上部に固定される脛固定部と、前記大腿固定部及び前記脛固定部を連結し、かつ前記対象者の前記膝関節部を屈曲方向及び伸展方向に回転自在に軸支するヒンジ部と、前記ヒンジ部の回転角度を調整可能な調整機構とを有する装着式の膝関節矯正具からなる
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の膝関節矯正具製造装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載の膝関節矯正具製造装置により製造された前記膝関節矯正具に取り付けられ、
前記膝関節矯正具を装着した前記対象者の膝関節部の外力作用点にかかる圧力を検出する圧力検知部と、
前記圧力検知部の検出結果に基づいて、前記膝関節部の矯正方向への遷移状態が所定の基準範囲内を維持するように、前記膝関節矯正具の調整量を検出する状態維持検出部と
を備えることを特徴とする膝関節治療支援装置。 - 請求項3に記載の膝関節矯正具製造装置により製造された前記膝関節矯正具を装着した前記対象者の前記大腿固定部及び前記脛固定部にそれぞれ取り付けられ、前記膝関節部の外力作用点にかかる圧力を検出する圧力検知部と、
前記圧力検知部の検出結果に基づいて、前記膝関節部の矯正方向への遷移状態が所定の基準範囲内を維持するように、前記調整機構の調整量を検出する状態維持検出部と
を備えることを特徴とする膝関節治療支援装置。 - 前記調整機構は、アクチュエータ駆動機構を有し、前記状態維持調整部により検出された調整量に応じて前記ヒンジ部の回転角度を自動的に調整する
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の膝関節治療支援装置。 - 対象者の膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状を測定して得られる測定データを3次元解析するとともに、当該膝関節部の内部空間形状において応力解析し、当該膝関節部の内部空間に対して均等な応力分布が反映された膝関節モデルを構築し、
前記膝関節モデルを基準として、前記対象者の自重により前記膝関節部にかかる負荷が、大腿骨先端と脛骨先端との間で接触押圧力を分散させるように、前記膝関節部の症状改善に向けた矯正方向への遷移状態を連続的又は段階的にシミュレーションし、
前記遷移状態に基づいて、前記膝関節部を矯正方向へ連続的又は段階的に微調整可能で、かつ当該膝関節部の内部空間が常に一定の圧力で保持されることが可能な外骨格モールドを設計する
ことを特徴とする膝関節矯正具製造方法。 - 前記膝関節部の外郭形状及び内部空間形状が現在の開始状態から前記装着者の理想的な健康状態まで滑らかに変形するように、前記膝関節モデルの矯正方向への遷移状態をシミュレーションする
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の膝関節矯正具製造方法。 - 設計された前記外骨格モールドは、
前記対象者の大腿下部に密着して締結される大腿固定部と、当該対象者の脛上部に固定される脛固定部と、前記大腿固定部及び前記脛固定部を連結し、かつ前記対象者の前記膝関節部を屈曲方向及び伸展方向に回転自在に軸支するヒンジ部と、前記ヒンジ部の回転角度を調整可能な調整機構とを有する装着式の膝関節矯正具からなる
ことを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の膝関節矯正具製造方法。
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