JP6751542B2 - Bearing inspection equipment and bearing inspection program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bearing inspection device and a bearing inspection program that inspect the state of a bearing in which a bearing that rotatably supports a rotating shaft is housed in the accommodating portion.

Axle bearings of railway vehicles are important parts that make up a running device, and have the role of maintaining the smooth rotational movement of the wheel sets while supporting the load generated by the weight of the vehicle and the shaking of the running vehicle. For this reason, it is important to detect damage to the axle bearings of railway vehicles at an early stage. Conventionally, as a method of detecting an abnormality in an axle bearing of a railway vehicle, a method of detecting an abnormality by attaching a contact type sensor to the bearing or the axle box has been proposed.

The conventional bearing inspection device (hereinafter referred to as the prior art 1) has a fixing means for fixing the outer ring of the bearing, a pressurizing means for pressurizing the inner ring in the axial direction, and rotating the inner ring with the inner ring pressurized. It includes a rotation driving means and a vibration measuring means for measuring the vibration of the rolling surface on the axial end side of the outer ring on the side not fixed to the fixing means (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such a conventional technique 1, the bearing removed from the axle is rotated, the vibration of the rolling surface of the outer ring is measured by a vibration measuring means such as a laser displacement sensor, and the bearing is based on the vibration of the rolling surface of the outer ring. The bearing is inspected for damage by judging the quality of the bearing.

The conventional bearing inspection device (hereinafter referred to as the prior art 2) includes a rotation sensor for detecting the rotation state of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring of the bearing (for example, Patent Document 2). In such a prior art 2, a rotation sensor is directly attached to the outer ring of the bearing, the rotation speed of the inner ring which is a rotating side member with respect to the outer ring which is a stationary side member is measured by the rotation sensor, and the rotation is caused by vibration generated in the bearing. The quality and reliability of the bearings are improved by judging the correspondence with the number.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-175511

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-331025

The conventional technique 1 has a problem that the bearing needs to be removed from the axle, and the damage of the bearing cannot be inspected in the present state. Further, the prior art 2 requires a rotation sensor for each bearing, and there is a problem that the cost increases when the rotation sensor is attached to the bearing of the bogie of the railway vehicle.

An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing inspection device and a bearing inspection program capable of inspecting the state of the bearing in a state where the bearing is housed in a housing portion that houses the bearing.

The present invention solves the above problems by means of solutions as described below.
Although the description will be given with reference numerals corresponding to the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
According to the invention of claim 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the state of the bearing (5b) is inspected in a state where the bearing (6) rotatably supporting the axle (5b) is housed in the axle box (7). This is a bearing inspection device that performs non-contact displacement of the axle box from the track side when the wheel shaft rolls on the track (1) with the bearing attached to the wheel shaft (5). based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device for measuring (M ₁₁ ~M _32), is a bearing inspection device (11), characterized in that it comprises a bearing condition evaluation unit (24A to 24D) for evaluating the condition of the bearing ..

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 16 and 17, a bearing (6) that rotatably supports the axle (5b) is housed in the axle box (7). A bearing inspection device that inspects the state of the bearing. With the bearing attached to the wheel shaft (5), the vehicle (2) is stopped and the wheel shaft is rotated at a predetermined position by the rotating device (R). when, based on the displacement of the trajectory of the axle box (1) the displacement measuring device for measuring without contact the side (M _11, M ₁₂₎ of the measurement result, bearing condition evaluation unit (24A to assess the state of the bearing The bearing inspection device (11) is provided with ~ 24D).

The invention of claim 3 is the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 to 10, based on the measurement results of the displacement measuring apparatus, the axle box . displacement waveform representing a time variation of the displacement (W _a, W _B) displacement waveform generator for generating a includes a (14), said bearing condition evaluation unit (24A to 24D), the displacement waveform the displacement waveform generation unit generates The bearing inspection apparatus is characterized in that the presence or absence of damage (D) and / or the damaged portion of the bearing is evaluated based on the above.

According to the invention of claim 4, in the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 3 , as shown in FIG. 7, the bearing state evaluation unit (24A) is periodically present in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit. The bearing inspection apparatus is characterized in that the presence or absence of damage to the bearing is evaluated based on the peak (P).

According to the invention of claim 5, in the bearing inspection device according to claim 3 or 4 , as shown in FIG. 7, the bearing state evaluation unit (24B) has a displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit. It is a bearing inspection apparatus characterized by evaluating the damaged portion of the bearing based on the interval of existing periodic peaks (P).

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, the bearing inspection device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, FIG. 5, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the bearing condition evaluation unit (24C) is , When the bearing is a double row bearing, any row (A, B ) of the double row bearing is based on the direction of the periodic peak (P) existing in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generator. ) Is a bearing inspection device that evaluates whether or not there is damage .

The invention of claim 7 is based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device in the bearing inspection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 8. Te, wherein the frequency analyzer for frequency analysis a displacement waveform representing a time variation of the axle boxes of the displacement comprises a (22), said bearing condition evaluation unit (24D), the analysis the frequency analysis unit analyzes the result (S _a, based on S _B), a bearing inspection device is characterized by evaluating the presence or absence of damage (D) of the bearing.

According to the invention of claim 8, in the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 7, as shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the bearing state evaluation unit exists in the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit. This bearing inspection apparatus is characterized in that the presence or absence of damage to the bearing is evaluated based on harmonics (f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ...).

According to the invention of claim 9, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and 11, the bearing (6) for rotatably supporting the axle (5b) is housed in the axle box (7). This is a bearing inspection program for inspecting the state, and when the wheel shaft rolls on the raceway (1) with the bearing attached to the wheel shaft (5), the displacement of the axle box is changed from the track side. based on the measurement results displacement measuring device for measuring in a non-contact (M ₁₁ ~M _32), a bearing inspection, characterized in that to execute the bearing condition evaluation procedure (S150~S180) on a computer to evaluate the state of the bearing It is a program.

In the invention of claim 10, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 11, 16 and 17, a bearing (6) that rotatably supports the axle (5b) is housed in the axle box (7). This is a bearing inspection program that inspects the condition of this bearing in a state. With the bearing attached to the wheel shaft (5), the vehicle (2) is stopped and the wheel shaft is positioned at a predetermined position by the rotating device (R). There when rotating, based on the displacement of the trajectory of the axle box (1) the displacement measuring device for measuring without contact the side (M _11, M ₁₂₎ of the measurement result, bearing condition evaluation for evaluating the state of the bearing It is a bearing inspection program characterized by having a computer execute the procedure (S150 to S180).

The invention of claim 11 is the bearing inspection program according to claim 9 or 10 , as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 to 15, based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device, the axle box . displacement waveform (W _a, W _B) which represents the time variation of the displacement includes a displacement waveform generation procedure for generating (S110), the bearing condition evaluation procedure (S150~S180), the displacement waveform generated in the displacement waveform generation procedure The bearing inspection program includes a procedure for evaluating the presence / absence of damage (D) and / or a damaged portion of the bearing based on the above.

According to the invention of claim 12, in the bearing inspection program according to claim 11 , as shown in FIGS. 7, 11 and 12, the bearing state evaluation procedure (S150) is the displacement generated in the displacement waveform generation procedure. The bearing inspection program comprises a procedure (S151 to S153) for evaluating the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on a periodic peak (P) existing in the waveform.

According to the invention of claim 13, in the bearing inspection program according to claim 11 or 12 , as shown in FIGS. 7, 11 and 13, the bearing state evaluation procedure (S160) is the displacement waveform generation procedure. It is a bearing inspection program including a procedure (S161 to S163) for evaluating a damaged portion of the bearing based on the interval of periodic peaks (P) existing in the displacement waveform generated in.

The invention of claim 14 is the bearing state as shown in FIGS. 5, 9, 10, 11, and 14 in the bearing inspection program according to any one of claims 11 to 13 . In the evaluation procedure (S170), when the bearing is a double-row bearing, any of the double-row bearings is based on the direction of the periodic peak (P) existing in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit. A bearing inspection program comprising procedures (S171 to S173) for assessing whether the rows (A, B) of the bearing are damaged .

The invention of claim 15 is the displacement measurement in the bearing inspection program according to any one of claims 9 to 14 , as shown in FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 11 and 15. The bearing state evaluation procedure includes an analysis result (S180) for frequency analysis of a displacement waveform representing a time change of displacement of the axle box based on the measurement result of the device, and the bearing state evaluation procedure includes an analysis result (S180) analyzed in the frequency analysis procedure. S _a, based on S _B), a bearing inspection program comprising the steps of assessing the presence or absence of damage to the bearing.

According to the invention of claim 16, in the bearing inspection program according to claim 15 , as shown in FIGS. 8 (C) (D) and 15, the bearing state evaluation procedure (S180) is analyzed in the frequency analysis procedure. A bearing inspection program comprising a procedure (S181 to S183) for evaluating the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the harmonics (f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ...) Existing in the analysis result. is there.

According to the present invention, the state of the bearing can be inspected in a state where the bearing is housed in the housing portion that houses the bearing.

It is a side view which shows typically the vehicle which includes the bearing inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows typically the carriage which includes the bearing inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the carriage which includes the bearing inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the bearing which is inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the bearing inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a waveform diagram which shows typically the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation part of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and (A) is typically the displacement waveform of the bearing on the A row side in a normal state. (B) is a waveform diagram schematically showing the displacement waveform on the A row side of the bearing at the time of abnormality, and (C) is a schematic diagram showing the displacement waveform on the B row side of the bearing at the normal time. (D) is a waveform diagram schematically showing a displacement waveform on the B row side of the bearing at the time of abnormality. It is a waveform diagram which shows typically the analysis result of the frequency analysis part of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is the waveform which shows the analysis result of the A row side of the bearing in a normal state typically. It is a figure, (B) is a waveform diagram which shows the analysis result of the B row side of a bearing in a normal state schematically, (C) is a waveform which shows the analysis result of the A row side of a bearing in an abnormal state schematically. FIG. 3D is a waveform diagram schematically showing the analysis result on the B row side of the bearing at the time of abnormality. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the operation for identifying the damaged part of a bearing by the bearing state evaluation part of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is the bearing which is damaged on the A row side. (B) is a waveform diagram schematically showing a displacement waveform on the A row side when the A row side of the bearing is damaged, and (C) is a waveform diagram schematically showing the displacement waveform on the A row side of the bearing. It is a waveform diagram which shows typically the displacement waveform of the B row side when there is a damage. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the operation for identifying the damaged part of a bearing by the bearing state evaluation part of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is the bearing which is damaged on the B row side. (B) is a waveform diagram schematically showing a displacement waveform on the A row side when the B row side of the bearing is damaged, and (C) is a waveform diagram schematically showing the displacement waveform on the B row side of the bearing. It is a waveform diagram which shows typically the displacement waveform of the B row side when there is a damage. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the bearing state evaluation process A of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the bearing state evaluation process B of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the bearing state evaluation process C of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the bearing state evaluation process D of the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the carriage which includes the bearing inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the bearing which is inspected by the bearing inspection apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The track 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a passage (railroad track) on which the vehicle 2 travels. The track 1 is provided with a rail 1a or the like that supports and guides the wheels 5a of the vehicle 2 to travel the vehicle 2. The vehicle 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is a railroad vehicle traveling along the track 1. The vehicle 2 is, for example, a train, a diesel train, a locomotive, a passenger car, a freight car, or the like. The vehicle 2 includes a vehicle body 3, a bogie 4, and the like. The vehicle body 3 is a structure for transporting a load such as a passenger or cargo.

The bogie 4 is a device that supports and travels on the vehicle body 3. The bogie 4 includes a wheel set 5 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a bearing 6 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a axle box 7 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and a bogie frame 8 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The shaft spring 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 and the anti-vibration rubber 10 and the like are provided.

The wheel set 5 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a member obtained by assembling the wheel 5a and the axle 5b. The wheel 5a is a member that makes rolling contact with the rail 1a. The axle 5b is a member that rotates integrally with the wheel 5a. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the axle 5b is attached with a pair of left and right wheels 5a press-fitted onto both end sides of the axle 5b. As shown in FIG. 5, the axle 5b is fitted with the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 6a of the bearing 6 and is fitted with the journal portion 5c supported by the bearing 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the boss hole of the wheel 5a. A wheel seat 5d or the like for fixing the wheel 5a at a predetermined position on the axle 5b is provided.

The bearing 6 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 is a member that rotatably supports the axle 5b. As shown in FIG. 3, the bearing 6 is a rolling bearing that rotatably supports both ends of the axle 5b. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bearing 6 is a rolling element that rolls between the inner ring 6a that rotates integrally with the axle 5b, the outer ring 6b that is fixed to the axle box 7, and the inner ring 6a and the outer ring 6b. It includes 6c, a cage 6d that holds the rolling elements 6c at equal intervals as shown in FIG. 5, and a brim 6e that receives an axial load at both ends of the inner ring 6a on the shaft end side. The bearing 6 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 is a double-row cylindrical roller bearing in which two rows of cylindrical rollers are arranged as a rolling element 6c, and is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the journal portion 5c of the axle 5b as shown in FIG. There is. The bearing 6 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 is, for example, a cylindrical roller bearing with a double row brim that receives an axial load by the brim 6e. Here, row A shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 is a portion of the axle 5b on the shaft end side, and row B is on the opposite side (wheel 5a side) opposite to the shaft end side of the axle 5b. It is a part.

The axle box 7 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a member that accommodates the bearing 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the axle box 7 is held at a predetermined position on the bogie frame 8 by the axle box support device. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, one axle box 7 is arranged on each side of the axle 5b of the bogie 4, and a total of four axle boxes 7 are arranged per one bogie (a total of eight axle boxes per car). As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the axle box 7 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped appearance, and has a measuring surface 7a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5. The measurement surface 7a is a surface that serves as a reference when measuring the displacement of the axle box 7. Measurement surface 7a are irradiated surface the laser beam L ₁ is irradiated, it is formed flat on the bottom of the axle box 7.

The bogie frame 8 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is a main component of the bogie 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the bogie frame 8 is composed of left and right side beams and a cross beam connecting them. The bogie frame 8 is connected to the vehicle body 3 by a towing device (not shown), and a force in the front-rear direction is transmitted to and from the vehicle body 3. The shaft spring 9 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 is a member that cushions the impact between the axle box 7 and the bogie frame 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the axle spring 9 elastically supports a vertical load between the axle box 7 and the bogie frame 8. The anti-vibration rubber 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is a member that suppresses vibration of the axle box 7 of the vehicle 2. The anti-vibration rubber 10 is mounted between the axle box 7 and the axle spring 9 in a state of being sandwiched between them. The anti-vibration rubber 10 suppresses the vibration of the axle box 7 to prevent the transmission of the vibration, and also alleviates the impact generated between them to prevent the generation of noise.

The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 are devices that measure the displacement of the axle box 7 in a non-contact manner while the wheel axle 5 is rotated. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ include a bogie 4 when the wheel set 5 rolls on the track 1 with the bearing 6 attached to the wheel set 5. The displacement of the axle box 7 in the vertical direction is measured. Here, the vertical direction includes a direction perpendicular to the axle 5b extending in the horizontal direction and a direction slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ traverse with the axle box 7 at intervals so that the displacement of the axle box 7 passing through the installation section of these displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ can be measured in a non-contact manner. It is installed on one side. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ make the displacement of the axle box 7 on one axle end side of the axle 5b and the displacement of the axle box 7 on the other axle end side independent of each other. It is installed so as to face the axle box 7 on one shaft end side and the axle box 7 on the other shaft end side so that it can be measured. As shown in FIG. 2, three displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are arranged at a predetermined interval in the length direction of the track 1, and at a predetermined interval in the width direction of the track 1. Two are arranged, and a total of six are arranged per one axle box over a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows (3 rows × 2 columns).

The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are fixed on the track 1 so as not to be affected by the vibration generated when the vehicle 2 travels on the track 1, and the axle box 7 moving on the track 1 The time course of displacement due to vibration of the measuring surface 7a is measured. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are arranged within the building limit, which is the boundary line of the space secured on the track 1 so as not to come into contact with the vehicle 2 in order to operate the vehicle 2 safely. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are installed in, for example, a vehicle base that carries out various operations related to the vehicle 2, such as accommodation, composition, inspection, or repair of the vehicle 2, and enter the vehicle base or this vehicle. The displacement of the axle box 7 of the vehicle 2 advancing from the base is measured.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₁ measure the displacement of the measurement surface 7a of the axle box 7 on the A row side, and the displacement measuring devices M _{12 to} M ₃₂ measure the axle box 7. The displacement of the surface 7a on the B row side is measured. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ measure the displacement of the axle box 7 by measuring the distance between these displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7. Displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the measurement object by receiving the laser beam L ₁ is irradiated to the measurement object reflected laser beam L ₂ reflected from the measurement object It is a non-contact displacement meter such as a laser displacement meter that measures the distance to. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ include an irradiation unit that irradiates the measurement surface 7a of the axle box 7 with the laser beam L ₁ , a light receiving unit that receives the reflected laser light L ₂ reflected by the measurement surface 7a, and an irradiation unit. It is provided with a calculation unit that calculates the displacement of the axle box 7 based on the phase difference between the laser light L ₁ irradiated by the laser beam L ₁ and the reflected laser light L ₂ received by the light receiving unit. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ include the axle box 7 while the bearing 6 is rotating by the number of rotations required to evaluate the state of the bearing 6. The axle boxes 7 are arranged at intervals in the moving direction so that the displacements of the bearings can be continuously measured. The displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ output the displacement of the axle box 7 as a displacement signal (displacement information) to the bearing inspection device 11.

The bearing inspection device 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a device that inspects the state of the bearing 6 in a state where the bearing 6 is housed in the axle box 7. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the bearing inspection device 11 rotates the wheel set 5 with the bearing 6 attached to the wheel set 5 to allow the bearing 6 to have damage D and / or to the damaged part of the bearing 6. Evaluate the condition. Here, the damage D is peeling or scratches generated on the bearing 6. The bearing inspection device 11 is, for example, a rolling surface that is a contact surface on the inner ring 6a and outer ring 6b sides with which the rolling element 6c of the bearing 6 is in rolling contact, or a rolling contact surface on the rolling element 6c side that is in contact with the raceway surface. It is determined whether or not the surface or the like is damaged D. The bearing inspection device 11 is composed of, for example, a personal computer or the like, and executes a predetermined process according to a bearing inspection program. As shown in FIG. 6, the bearing inspection device 11 includes a displacement information input unit 12, a displacement information storage unit 13, a displacement waveform generation unit 14, a displacement waveform information storage unit 15, a rotation frequency calculation unit 16, and rotation. The frequency information storage unit 17, the defective frequency calculation unit 18, the defective frequency information storage unit 19, the calculation condition setting unit 20, the calculation condition information storage unit 21, the frequency analysis unit 22, and the frequency analysis information storage unit 23. , The bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D, the evaluation information storage unit 25, the bearing inspection program storage unit 26, the display unit 27, the control unit 28, and the like are provided.

The displacement information input unit 12 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for inputting displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . The displacement information input unit 12 includes a filter circuit that removes noise components from the electrical signals (analog signals) output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ , an A / D converter that converts the analog signals into digital signals, and the like. I have. The displacement information input unit 12 outputs the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ to the control unit 28. The displacement information input unit 12 is, for example, an interface (I / F) circuit for inputting displacement information from the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ to the control unit 28.

The displacement information storage unit 13 is a means for storing the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . The displacement information storage unit 13 is, for example, a storage device that stores the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ for each bearing 6.

Displacement waveform generator 14 based on the measurement result of the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, a means for generating a displacement waveform W _A, W _B representing the time variation of the displacement of the axle box 7. Displacement waveform generator 14, on the basis of the displacement information output from the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, to produce a displacement waveform W _A, W _B, as shown in FIG. Here, the vertical axis shown in FIG. 7, the displacement (mm), the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ in a case where the positive Jikubako 7 approaches, the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ axle box 7 from Is negative when it goes away. The horizontal axis is time (s). Figure 7 (A) (B) to indicate the displacement waveform W _A, W _B is the waveform when the bearing 6 is normal, displacement waveform W _A shown in FIG. 7 (A) is an A column-side waveform , displacement waveform W _B shown in FIG. 7 (B) is a waveform of the B column side. Displacement waveform W _A shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), W _B is the waveform when the peeling on the row A side of the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6, the displacement waveform shown in FIG. 7 (C) W _A is the waveform on the A column side, and the displacement waveform W _B shown in FIG. 7 (D) is the waveform on the B column side.

The displacement waveform generation unit 14 shown in FIG. 6 has a displacement time on the A-row side of the axle box 7 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 based on the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₁ shown in FIG. generates one displacement waveform W _a successive represent changes. On the other hand, the displacement waveform generation unit 14 shown in FIG. 6 is displaced on the B row side of the axle box 7 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 based on the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{12 to} M ₃₂ shown in FIG. generating one consecutive representative of the time change of the displacement waveforms W _B. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example, when the bearing 6 is not damaged, the displacement waveform generation unit 14 periodically coincides with the rotation frequency of the axle 5b due to the influence of the runout of the axle 5b. It changes the displacement waveform W _a, to produce a W _B. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 7 (C) and 7 (D), for example, when the bearing 6 has a damage D, the displacement waveform generation unit 14 changes periodically and substantially coincides with the rotation frequency of the axle 5b. Displacement waveforms W _A and W _{B in} which spike-shaped peaks P exist periodically as shown by arrows in the figure are generated. Displacement waveform generation unit 14 outputs displacement waveform W _A after generation, the W _B to the displacement waveform information (displacement waveform signal) as the control unit 28.

The displacement waveform information storage unit 15 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for storing the displacement waveform information output by the displacement waveform generation unit 14. The displacement waveform information storage unit 15 is, for example, a storage device that stores the displacement waveform information of the A row and the B row of the bearing 6 output by the displacement waveform generation unit 14 for each bearing 6.

The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 is a means for calculating the rotation speed of the inner ring 6a of the bearing 6. The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 calculates the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a of the bearing 6 based on the measurement results of the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 calculates the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a based on the speed V of the vehicle 2 and the radius r of the wheels 5a shown in FIG. In the rotation frequency calculation unit 16, for example, after the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ shown in FIG. 2 detect the axle box 7 and start measuring the displacement, the next displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M ₂₂ are axes. The movement time t in which the axle box 7 moves is calculated from the displacement waveform information until the box 7 is detected and the displacement measurement is started. The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 divides the distance L between the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 from the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M ₂₂ by the travel time t, and divides the speed of the vehicle 2 by the travel time t. V = L / t is calculated, and the rotation frequency f _R = V / 2πr of the inner ring 6a is calculated. The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 outputs the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a after the calculation to the control unit 28 as rotation frequency information (rotation frequency signal).

The rotation frequency information storage unit 17 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for storing the rotation frequency information output by the rotation frequency calculation unit 16. The rotation frequency information storage unit 17 is, for example, a storage device that stores the rotation frequency information output by the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 for each bearing 6.

The defect frequency calculation unit 18 is a means for calculating the defect frequency of the bearing 6. The defect frequency calculation unit 18 calculates the defect frequency of the bearing 6 based on the calculation result of the rotation frequency calculation unit 16. Here, the defect frequency is a specific frequency at which the vibration of the bearing 6 becomes large when a defect due to damage D such as peeling or scratching occurs in the bearing 6. The defect frequency varies depending on the size, rotation speed, and damaged portion of the bearing 6. Defect frequency calculation unit 18, by equations 1 to 4 below, the defect frequency f _i of the inner ring 6a, defect frequency f _o of the outer ring 6b, the defect frequency f _c of the defect frequency f _r and the retainer 6d of the rolling element 6c Calculate.

Here, Z shown in Equations 1 to 4 is the number of rolling elements 6c, f _R is the rotation frequency of the inner ring 6a, D _w is the diameter of the rolling elements 6c, and D _pw is the rolling elements 6c. It is the pitch circle diameter, and α is the contact angle. Defect frequency calculation unit 18, the defect frequency f _i after the operation, f _o, f _r, and outputs to the control unit 28 f _c as the defect frequency information (defect frequency signal).

The defect frequency information storage unit 19 is a means for storing the defect frequency information output by the defect frequency calculation unit 18. The defect frequency information storage unit 19 is, for example, a storage device that stores the defect frequency information output by the defect frequency calculation unit 18 for each bearing 6.

Calculation condition setting unit 20 is a means for setting a calculation conditions required for calculating the defect frequency _{f i, f o, f r} , f c. The calculation condition setting unit 20 is a rotation frequency f of the inner ring 6a such as the radius r of the wheel 5a shown in FIG. 4, the inter-device distance L from the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ to the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M _{22. The} specifications required for _R calculation are set as calculation condition information. The calculation condition setting unit 20 has a defect frequency f such as the number Z of the rolling elements 6c, the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a, the diameter D _{w of} the rolling elements 6c, the pitch circle diameter D _pw of the rolling elements 6c, and the contact angle α. _i, f _o, f _r, is set as the calculation condition information the specifications required for the operation of f _c. The calculation condition setting unit 20 is, for example, an input device or an auxiliary input device for inputting calculation condition information by manual operation by the user. The calculation condition setting unit 20 outputs the set calculation condition to the control unit 28 as calculation condition information (calculation condition signal).

The calculation condition information storage unit 21 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for storing the calculation condition information set by the calculation condition setting unit 20. The calculation condition information storage unit 21 is, for example, a storage device that stores the calculation condition information output by the calculation condition setting unit 20 for each type of the bearing 6.

Frequency analysis unit 22 based on the measurement result of the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, a displacement waveform W _A, means for frequency analyzing a W _B representing the time variation of the displacement of the axle box 7. Frequency analysis unit 22 based on the displacement information output from the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, the analysis result S _A as shown in FIG. 8 to generate a S _B. The frequency analysis unit 22 performs, for example, a fast Fourier transformation (FFT) analysis on the displacement information output by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . Here, the vertical axis shown in FIG. 8 is the intensity, and the horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz). Analysis result S _A, S _B is the frequency analysis results of displacement waveforms W _A, W _B shown in FIG. f ₁ is the defect frequency of the bearing 6, f ₂ is the second harmonic of the defect frequency f ₁ , f ₃ is the third harmonic of the defect frequency f ₁ , and f ₄ is the defect frequency. This is the 4th harmonic of f ₁ . Figure 8 (A) (B) to indicate the analysis result S _A, S _B is the waveform when the bearing 6 is normal, the analysis result S _A shown in FIG. 8 (A) is an A column-side waveform , analysis result S _B shown in FIG. 8 (B) is a waveform of the B column side. Figure 8 (C) (D) to show the analysis results S _A, S _B is the waveform when the peeling on the row A side of the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6, the analysis results shown in FIG. 8 (C) S _A is the waveform on the A column side, and the analysis result S _B shown in FIG. 8 (D) is the waveform on the B column side.

The frequency analyzing unit 22 shown in FIG. 6, on the basis of the displacement information output from the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _31, the analysis result of the A column-side of the journal box 7 generates the S _A, displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₂ ~ based on the displacement information M ₃₂ is output, B rows of side analysis of the axle box 7 generates an S _B. Frequency analysis unit 22, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 (A) (B), when the bearing 6 is normal, the rotational frequency f 'peak P is observed in the analysis result S _A of the axle 5b, the S _B Generate. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, for example, when the outer ring 6b is damaged, the frequency analysis unit 22 recognizes a peak P at the rotation frequency f'of the axle 5b and the outer ring 6b. defect frequency f fault frequency f ₁ and harmonic f ₂ of the defect frequency f ₁ corresponding to the _{o, f 3, f 4,} ... analysis peak P is observed in the result S _a, generates a S _B. Frequency analysis unit 22, the analysis result S _A after analysis, and outputs the S _B to the control unit 28 as a frequency analysis information (the frequency analysis signal).

The frequency analysis information storage unit 23 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for storing the frequency analysis information output by the frequency analysis unit 22. The frequency analysis information storage unit 23 is, for example, a storage device that stores the frequency analysis information output by the frequency analysis unit 22 for each bearing 6.

The bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24D evaluate the condition of the bearing 6 based on the measurement results of the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ that measure the displacement of the axle box 7 in a non-contact manner while the axle 5b is rotated. It is a means. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24A~24D the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, and W _B, the analysis result S _A frequency analysis unit 22 analyzes, based on the S _B, the state of the bearing 6 evaluate. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24A~24D the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, on the basis of W _B, to evaluate the presence and / or damaged portion of the damage D of the bearing 6. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24D include the displacement measuring device M ₁₁ when the wheel set 5 rolls on the track 1 in a state where the bearing 6 is attached to the wheel set 5. The state of the bearing 6 is evaluated based on the measurement results of ~ M ₃₂ . The bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24D output to the control unit 28 the presence / absence and / or the damaged portion of the bearing 6 after the evaluation as evaluation information (evaluation signal).

Bearing condition evaluation unit 24A shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, on the basis of periodic peaks P present in the W _B , Evaluate the presence or absence of damage D in the bearing 6. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24A, when the bearing 6 is damaged D is the vibration of the bearing 6 is increased at a particular frequency, the displacement waveform W _A, it is determined whether a peak P exists at a particular frequency to W _B. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24A, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the displacement waveform W _A, when peak W _B P are present at regular intervals, it is determined that the bearing 6 is damaged D. On the other hand, bearing condition evaluation unit 24A, as shown in FIG. 7 (A) (B), determines that the displacement waveform W _A, peak P to W _B is in the absence at regular intervals, no damage D to the bearing 6 ..

Bearing condition evaluation unit 24B shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, on the spacing of the periodic peaks P present in the W _B Based on this, the damaged portion of the bearing 6 is evaluated. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24B, when the bearing 6 is damaged D is the vibration of the bearing 6 is increased at a specific frequency, and the displacement waveform W _A, because of the presence of periodic peaks P to W _B, the inner ring 6a defect frequency f _i, defect frequency f _o of the outer ring 6b, and a specific frequency of the defect frequency f _c Toko defect frequency f _r or retainer 6d of rolling elements 6c determines whether match. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24B, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the displacement waveform W _A, W interval (specific frequency) of the defect frequency f _i of the peak P of _{B, f o, f r,} f c When it matches, it is determined that the damage D is present at a specific location of the inner ring 6a, the outer ring 6b, the rolling element 6c or the cage 6d. On the other hand, bearing condition evaluation unit 24B, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the displacement waveform W _A, W interval (specific frequency) of the defect frequency f _i of the peak P of _B, f _o, f _r, When it does not match f _c, it is determined that there is no damage D at a specific location of the inner ring 6a, the outer ring 6b, the rolling element 6c or the cage 6d.

Bearing condition evaluation portion 24C shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 9 (B) (C) and FIG. 10 (B) (C), the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, present in W _B The damaged portion of the bearing 6 is evaluated based on the direction of the periodic peak P. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C evaluates the presence or absence of damage D in rows A and B of the bearing 6 when the bearing 6 is a double row bearing. To do. As shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and 10 (A), the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C is located on the A row side of the axle box 7 when there is damage D on either the A row side or the B row side of the bearing 6. and the displacement direction of the row B side are different, determines whether the displacement waveform W _a, is either from the direction of the periodic peaks P present in the W _B of the row a side or the B column-side of the bearing 6 is damaged D To do. Bearing condition evaluation portion 24C, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), the peak P of the displacement waveform W _A is upward (convex), the peak P of the displacement waveform W _B as shown in FIG. 9 (C) When it is downward (concave), the displacement of the axle box 7 on the A row side is positive (downward) and the displacement of the axle box 7 on the B row side is negative (upward) as shown in FIG. 9 (A). , It is determined that the A row side of the bearing 6 is damaged D. On the other hand, bearing condition evaluation portion 24C, as shown in FIG. 10 (B), the peak P a downward displacement waveform W _A (concave), a peak P of the displacement waveform W _B as shown in FIG. 10 (C) When is upward (convex), the displacement of the axle box 7 on the A row side is negative (upward) and the displacement of the axle box 7 on the B row side is positive (downward) as shown in FIG. 10 (A). Therefore, it is determined that the B row side of the bearing 6 is damaged D.

The bearing state evaluation unit 24D shown in FIG. 6 evaluates the presence or absence of damage D in the bearing 6 based on the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit 22. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24D evaluates whether the damage D of the bearing 6 on the basis of the analysis result S _A, S _B of the frequency analyzing unit 22 generates. As shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D has the bearing 6 based on the harmonics f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ... Existing in the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit 22. Evaluate the presence or absence of damage D. Bearing condition evaluation unit 24D, as shown in FIG. 8 (C) (D), the harmonic f _2, f _3, f ₄ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f _1, a peak P exists in ... and Occasionally, it is determined that the bearing 6 has damage D. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D is used when the defect frequency f ₁ and the harmonics f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ... Of the defect frequency f ₁ do not exist. , It is determined that the bearing 6 has no damage D.

The evaluation information storage unit 25 shown in FIG. 6 is a means for storing the evaluation information output by the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D. The evaluation information storage unit 25 is, for example, a storage device that stores the evaluation information output by the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D for each bearing 6.

The bearing inspection program storage unit 26 is a means for storing a bearing inspection program for inspecting the state of the bearing 6 in a state where the bearing 6 is housed in the axle box 7. The bearing inspection program storage unit 26 is a storage device that stores a bearing inspection program read from an information recording medium, a bearing inspection program taken in through a telecommunication line, and the like.

The display unit 27 is a means for displaying various information about the bearing inspection device 11. Display unit 27, for example, the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, W _B, the rotational frequency of the inner ring 6a of the rotation frequency computation section 16 computes f _R, defect frequency f fault frequency calculation unit 18 calculates _{i, f o, f r,} f c, calculation condition calculation condition setting unit 20 sets the analysis result S _a frequency analysis unit 22 analyzes, S _B, bearing condition evaluation unit 24A~24D of bearing 6 to evaluate It is a display device or the like that displays the presence / absence of damage D and / or the damaged portion on the screen.

The control unit 28 is a central processing unit (CPU) that controls various operations related to the bearing inspection device 11. The control unit 28 reads the bearing inspection program from the bearing inspection program storage unit 26 and executes a series of bearing inspection processes according to the bearing inspection program. For example, the control unit 28 outputs the displacement information output by the displacement information input unit 12 to the displacement information storage unit 13, reads the displacement information from the displacement information storage unit 13 and outputs it to the displacement waveform generation unit 14, or displacement. or instructs the generation of the waveform generating unit 14 displacement waveform W _a, W _B, and outputs a displacement waveform information output by the displacement waveform generator 14 to the displacement waveform information storage unit 15, the displacement waveform information storage part 15 stores The displacement waveform information to be output is read out and output to the rotation frequency calculation unit 16, the frequency analysis unit 22, and the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D, or the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 is instructed to calculate the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a. The rotation frequency information output by the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 can be output to the rotation frequency information storage unit 17, the rotation frequency information can be read from the rotation frequency information storage unit 17 and output to the defect frequency calculation unit 18, or the defect frequency calculation unit can be output. 18 the defect frequency _{f i, f o, f r} , or direct the operations of f _c, and outputs the defect frequency information output by the fault frequency calculation unit 18 in the defect frequency information storage unit 19, the defect frequency information storage unit The defect frequency information is read from 19 and output to the bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24B, the calculation condition information output by the calculation condition setting unit 20 is output to the calculation condition information storage unit 21, and the calculation condition information storage unit 21 outputs the calculation condition information. The calculation condition information is read out and output to the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 and the defect frequency calculation unit 18, the frequency analysis information output by the frequency analysis unit 22 is output to the frequency analysis information storage unit 23, and the bearing state evaluation units 24A to The 24D is instructed to evaluate the state of the bearing 6, the evaluation information output by the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D is output to the evaluation information storage unit 25, and the display unit 27 is instructed to display various information. .. The bearing inspection device 11 includes a displacement information input unit 12, a displacement information storage unit 13, a displacement waveform generation unit 14, a displacement waveform information storage unit 15, a rotation frequency calculation unit 16, a rotation frequency information storage unit 17, and a defect frequency calculation unit 18. , Defect frequency information storage unit 19, calculation condition setting unit 20, calculation condition information storage unit 21, frequency analysis unit 22, frequency analysis information storage unit 23, bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24D, evaluation information storage unit 25, bearing inspection program The storage unit 26 and the display unit 27 are connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other.

Next, the operation of the bearing inspection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the following, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, the operation of the control unit 28 shown in FIG. 6 will be mainly focused on the case where the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b is damaged D as an example. It is explained as.
In step 100 (hereinafter referred to as S) shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 28 determines whether or not the displacement information has been input from the displacement information input unit 12. At the time when the vehicle 2 starts operation, electric power is supplied from the power supply device to the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the bearing inspection device 11, and the control unit 28 reads the bearing inspection program from the bearing inspection program storage unit 26. , The control unit 28 executes a series of bearing inspection processes. For example, the approach of the vehicle 2 to the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ proximity detecting device detects the displacement measuring device M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ starts the displacement measuring operation. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 2 approaches the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, FIG. 1, the axle box 7 passes through the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ above as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 Then, the laser beam L ₁ is checked from the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M _{32 on} the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7, and the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ receive the reflected laser light L ₂ reflected by the measuring surface 7a. To do. As a result, the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ measure the displacement of the axle box 7, and the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ transmit the displacement information to the bearing inspection device 11 through the displacement information input unit 12, and the displacement information is transmitted. This displacement information is input from the input unit 12 to the control unit 28. When the control unit 28 determines that the displacement information has been input from the displacement information input unit 12, the process proceeds to S110. On the other hand, when the control unit 28 determines that the displacement information has not been input from the displacement information input unit 12, the control unit 28 repeats the process of S100 until the displacement information is input to the control unit 28. When the displacement information is input to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the displacement information to the displacement information storage unit 13, and the displacement information is stored in the displacement information storage unit 13.

In S110, the control unit 28 is commanded displacement waveform W _A, the generation of W _B to the displacement waveform generator 14. Displacement information displacement information control unit 28 reads from the storage unit 13, and outputs the control section 28 of the displacement information in the displacement waveform generating unit 14, the control displacement waveform W _A, the generation of W _B to the displacement waveform generator 14 Unit 28 commands. As a result, the displacement waveform W _A as shown in FIG. 7, the W _B generated by the displacement waveform generator 14, and outputs a displacement waveform information to the controller 28. When the displacement waveform information is input to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the displacement waveform information to the displacement waveform information storage unit 15, and the displacement waveform information is stored in the displacement waveform information storage unit 15.

In S120, the control unit 28 commands the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 to calculate the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a. The control unit 28 reads the displacement information from the displacement information storage unit 13, reads the calculation condition information from the calculation condition information storage unit 21, and the control unit 28 outputs the displacement information and the calculation condition information to the rotation frequency calculation unit 16. The control unit 28 commands the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 to calculate the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, after the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ detect the tip of the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7, the tip of the measuring surface 7a is used as the next displacement measuring device M. _21, M ₂₂ or the travel time t of the axle box 7 to be detected, the displacement waveform W _a, the rotational frequency calculator 16 from W _B computing. Next, the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 refers to the calculation condition information regarding the inter-device distance L from the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ to the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M _22, and the inter-device distance L is determined by the travel time t. The rotation frequency calculation unit 16 divides, and the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 calculates the speed V = L / t of the vehicle 2. Next, the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 refers to the calculation condition information regarding the radius r of the wheels 5a of the vehicle 2, and the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 calculates the rotation frequency f _R = V / 2πr of the inner ring 6a. When the rotation frequency calculation unit 16 outputs the rotation frequency information to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the rotation frequency information to the rotation frequency information storage unit 17, and the rotation frequency information is stored in the rotation frequency information storage unit 17. To.

In S130, the defect frequency _{f i, f o, f r} , the control unit 28 calculates the f _c the fault frequency calculation unit 18 is commanded. Read the operation condition information from the operation condition information storage unit 21, and outputs the control section 28 of the operation condition information in the defect frequency calculation unit 18, a defect frequencies _{f i, f o, f r} , defect frequency calculation of f _c The control unit 28 commands the calculation unit 18. The defect frequency calculation unit 18 refers to the calculation condition information regarding the number Z of the rolling elements 6c, the rotation frequency f _R of the inner ring 6a, the diameter D _{w of} the rolling elements 6c, the pitch circle diameter D _pw of the rolling elements 6c, and the contact angle α. , defect frequency _{f i, f o, f r} , defect frequency calculating unit 18 by equations 1 to 4 f _c is calculated. When the defect frequency calculation unit 18 outputs the defect frequency information to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the defect frequency information to the defect frequency information storage unit 19, and the defect frequency information is stored in the defect frequency information storage unit 19. To.

In S140, the analysis result S _A, the control unit 28 instructs the S _B to the frequency analyzer 22. Displacement waveform information displacement waveform information from the storage unit 15 by the control unit 28 reads, the displacement waveform information control unit 28 is output to the frequency analyzer 22, an analysis result S _A, the frequency analyzer 22 to generate the S _B The control unit 28 commands. As a result, to generate the analysis result S _A, S _B frequency analysis unit 22 as shown in FIG. 8, outputs the frequency analysis information to the control unit 28. When the frequency analysis information is input to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the frequency analysis information to the frequency analysis information storage unit 23, and the frequency analysis information is stored in the frequency analysis information storage unit 23.

In S150, the control unit 28 commands the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A to execute the bearing condition evaluation process A for evaluating the condition of the bearing 6. The control unit 28 reads the displacement waveform information from the displacement waveform information storage unit 15, the control unit 28 outputs this displacement waveform information to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A, and executes the bearing condition evaluation process A to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A. The control unit 28 commands.

In S151 shown in FIG. 12, the displacement waveform W _A, W determines the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A whether periodical peak P exists in the _B. For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and 10 (A), when the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6 has a damage D such as a detached portion, when the axle 5b rotates, the rolling element 6c is subjected to this detached portion. Jikubako 7 is displaced each time located, periodical peaks P is generated in the displacement waveform W _a, W _B, as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D). Displacement waveform W _A, when W _B to a periodic peak P exists proceeds to S152 when it is determined bearing condition evaluation unit 24A is displaced waveform W _A, periodical peaks P is not present in the W _B when bearing condition evaluation unit When 24A determines, the process proceeds to S153.

In S152, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A evaluates that the bearing is damaged. Displacement waveform W _A, when a periodic if the peak P exists bearing condition evaluation unit 24A has determined the W _B, since there is a high possibility that the bearing 6 is damaged D, bearing condition evaluation unit to evaluate information Yes bearing damage 24A outputs to the control unit 28.

In S153, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A evaluates that there is no bearing damage. Displacement waveform W _A, when the periodic peaks P is determined bearing condition evaluation unit 24A is the absence in the W _B, or displacement waveform W _A, W peak P be present peak P is periodic at the _B When the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A determines that the bearing condition is not present, there is a high possibility that the bearing 6 has no damage D. Therefore, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A outputs the evaluation information of no bearing damage to the control unit 28.

In S154, the evaluation information storage unit 25 stores the evaluation information, and the display unit 27 displays the evaluation information. When the bearing state evaluation unit 24A outputs the evaluation information to the control unit 28, the control unit 28 outputs the evaluation information to the evaluation information storage unit 25 and the display unit 27. As a result, the evaluation information storage unit 25 stores the evaluation information, and the display unit 27 displays the evaluation information.

In S160 shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 28 commands the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B to execute the bearing condition evaluation process B for evaluating the condition of the bearing 6. The control unit 28 reads out the displacement waveform information from the displacement waveform information storage unit 15, the control unit 28 outputs this displacement waveform information to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B, and executes the bearing condition evaluation process B to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B. The control unit 28 commands.

In S161 shown in FIG. 13, the displacement waveform W _A, the specific frequency is a defect frequency f _i of the peak P of _{W B, f o, f r} , or of whether the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B for the determination match f _c To do. For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and 10 (A), when the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6 has a damage D such as a detached portion, when the axle 5b rotates, the rolling element 6c is subjected to this detached portion. Jikubako 7 is displaced in time periodically located in the displacement waveform W _a, periodical peaks P occurs in W _B, the interval of the peak P (specific frequency) of the defect frequency f _o of the outer ring 6b Match. Displacement waveform W _A, W periodic peaks P of the specific frequency defect frequency f _i of the _B, the process proceeds to f _o, f _r, S162 when it is determined matching the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B is the one of f _c. On the other hand, the process proceeds to S163 when the displacement waveform W _A, periodical peaks P of the specific frequency defect frequency f _i of _{W B, f o, f r} , it does not match any one the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B of f _c is determined ..

In S162, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B evaluates that the specific portion of the bearing 6 is damaged. Figure 7 (C) displacement waveform W _A as shown in (D), W interval defect frequency f _i of the peak P of _B, f _o, f _r, matching the determined bearing condition evaluation unit 24B is the one of f _c When this happens, there is a high possibility that any of the inner ring 6a, outer ring 6b, rolling element 6c, or cage 6d of the bearing 6 is damaged. For example, the displacement waveform W _A, when the interval of the peak P of W _B is the determination defect frequency f _o to match the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A of the outer ring 6b is, as shown in FIG. 9 (A) and FIG. 10 (A) Since there is a high possibility that the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6 has a damage D, the bearing state evaluation unit 24A outputs the evaluation information of the damage to the outer ring 6b to the control unit 28.

In S163, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B evaluates that the specific portion of the bearing 6 is not damaged. Displacement waveform W _A as shown in FIG. 7 (C) (D), the interval defect frequency f _i of the peak P of _{W B, f o, f r} , does not match the f _c bearing condition evaluation unit 24B determines Occasionally, there is a high possibility that there is no damage D to any of the inner ring 6a, outer ring 6b, rolling element 6c, or cage 6d of the bearing 6, so that the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A provides evaluation information of no damage at a specific location of the bearing 6. Output to the control unit 28. In S164, similarly to S154, the evaluation information storage unit 25 stores the evaluation information, and the display unit 27 displays the evaluation information.

In S170 shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 28 commands the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C to execute the bearing condition evaluation process C for evaluating the condition of the bearing 6. The control unit 28 reads the displacement waveform information from the displacement waveform information storage unit 15, the control unit 28 outputs this displacement waveform information to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C, and executes the bearing condition evaluation process C to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C. The control unit 28 commands.

In S171 shown in FIG. 14, the displacement waveform W _A, the direction upward (convex) of the peak P of W _B or down determines the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B which of (concave). For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b on the A row side of the bearing 6 has a damage D such as a peeling portion, when the axle 5b rotates, the rolling element 6c cycles to the peeling portion. Positioned. Since a radial load is applied to the outer ring 6b, the outer ring 6b on the row A side is displaced toward the non-load zone side (downward in the vertical direction), and the row A side of the axle box 7 is tilted downward (displacement +). The A row side of the axle box 7 is displaced in the direction approaching the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . When the A row side of the axle box 7 is displaced downward, the outer ring 6b is tilted with respect to the axle 5b, and the B row side of the axle box 7 is tilted upward (displacement-) in a direction away from the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M _32. The axle box 7 is displaced. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10 (A), when the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b on the B row side of the bearing 6 has a damage D such as a peeling portion, when the axle 5b rotates, the rolling element 6c cycles to the peeling portion. Positioned. Since a radial load is applied to the outer ring 6b, the outer ring 6b on the row B side is displaced toward the non-load zone side (downward in the vertical direction), and the row B side of the axle box 7 is tilted downward (displacement +). The B row side of the axle box 7 is displaced in the direction approaching the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . When the B row side of the axle box 7 is displaced downward, the outer ring 6b is tilted with respect to the axle 5b, and the A row side of the axle box 7 is tilted upward (displacement-) in the direction away from the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M _32. The axle box 7 is displaced. As shown in FIG. 9 (B), the direction of the periodic peaks P of the displacement waveform W _A of the A column side is upward, the cycle of displacement waveforms W _B of B rows side as shown in FIG. 9 (C) When the bearing state evaluation unit 24C determines that the direction of the peak P is downward, the process proceeds to S172. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10 (B), the direction of the periodic peaks P of the displacement waveform W _A of the A column-side is down, 10 displacement waveform of the B column side as shown in (C) W _B When the bearing state evaluation unit 24C determines that the direction of the periodic peak P is upward, the process proceeds to S173.

In S172, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C evaluates that the A row side of the bearing 6 is damaged. As shown in FIG. 9 (B), a peak P of the displacement waveform W _A upward, the peak P of the displacement waveform W _B as shown in FIG. 9 (C) is a downward, bearing condition evaluation portion 24C is At the time of determination, since there is a high possibility that the A row side of the bearing 6 is damaged, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C outputs the evaluation information of the A row side damage to the control unit 28.

In S173, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C evaluates that the B row side of the bearing 6 is damaged. As shown in FIG. 10 (B), a downward peak P is the displacement waveform W _A, the peak P of the displacement waveform W _B as shown in FIG. 10 (C) is upwards, bearing condition evaluation portion 24C is At the time of determination, since there is a high possibility that the B row side of the bearing 6 is damaged, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24B outputs the evaluation information of the B row side damage to the control unit 28. In S174, similarly to S154 and S164, the evaluation information storage unit 25 stores the evaluation information, and the display unit 27 displays the evaluation information.

In S180 shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 28 commands the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D to execute the bearing condition evaluation process D for evaluating the condition of the bearing 6. The control unit 28 reads out the frequency analysis information from the frequency analysis information storage unit 23, the control unit 28 outputs this frequency analysis information to the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D, and the bearing condition evaluation process D is executed by the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D. The control unit 28 commands.

In S181 shown in FIG. 15, the analysis result S _A, bearing whether harmonic f _2, f ₃ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f ₁ of the S _B, f _4, the peak P in ... and there The state evaluation unit 24D determines. For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the axle 5b rotates when the bearing 6 has a damage D such as a detached portion on the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b on the A row side, the rolling element 6c is attached to the detached portion. It is located periodically. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8 (C) (D), the harmonic f _2, f _3, f ₄ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f _1, a peak P exists in ... and. As shown in FIG. 8 (C) (D), the analysis result S _A, harmonic f _2, f _3, f ₄ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f ₁ of the S _B, ... exist peak P within the Then, when the bearing state evaluation unit 24D determines, the process proceeds to S182. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 (A) (B), the analysis result S _A, harmonic f _2, f ₃ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f ₁ of the S _B, f _4, ... and the peak P If does not exist, the process proceeds to S183.

In S182, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D evaluates that the bearing is damaged. As shown in FIG. 8 (C) (D), the analysis result S _A, harmonic f _2, f _3, f ₄ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f ₁ of the S _B, ... exist peak P within the At that time, since there is a high possibility that the bearing 6 has a damage D, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D outputs the evaluation information of the bearing damage to the control unit 28.

In S183, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D evaluates that there is no bearing damage. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, when the defect frequency f ₁ does not exist, or when the peak P does not exist in the harmonics f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ... Of the defect frequency f ₁ , the bearing Since there is a high possibility that there is no damage D in 6, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D outputs the evaluation information of no bearing damage to the control unit 28. In S184, similarly to S154, S164, and S174, the evaluation information storage unit 25 stores the evaluation information, and the display unit 27 displays the evaluation information.

In S190, the control unit 28 determines whether or not to continue the evaluation of the state of the bearing 6. As shown in FIG. 1, when the upper track 1 vehicle 2 moves sequentially measuring the displacement of all the axle boxes 7 of the train passing through the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ above the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ Then, the state of all the bearings 6 of this train is sequentially evaluated by the bearing inspection device 11. When from the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ of the vehicle 2 moves away proximity detection device detects the displacement measuring device M ₁₁ ~M ₃₂ terminates the displacement measuring operation. At the time when the vehicle 2 ends its operation, the power supply from the power supply device to the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the bearing inspection device 11 is stopped, and the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the bearing inspection device are stopped. 11 stops the operation. When the control unit 28 determines that the time for the vehicle 2 to end the operation has been reached, the control unit 28 ends a series of bearing inspection processes. On the other hand, when the control unit 28 determines that the time when the vehicle 2 ends the operation has not been reached, the control unit 28 returns to S100, and the control unit 28 repeats the processing after S100.

The bearing inspection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention has the effects described below.
(1) In this first embodiment, the bearing condition evaluation units 24A to are based on the measurement results of the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ that measure the displacement of the axle box 7 in a non-contact manner while the axle 5b is rotated. 24D evaluates the condition of the bearing 6. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the bearing 6 from the axle 5b, the damage D of the bearing 6 can be easily inspected in the actual state, and it is not necessary to attach a sensor or the like for each bearing 6, so that the bearing is inexpensive. The condition of 6 can be inspected.

(2) In the first embodiment, based on the measurement result of the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, displacement waveform W _A representing the time variation of the displacement of the axle box 7, the W _B is displaced waveform generating unit 14 generates and, the displacement waveform W _a of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, on the basis of W _B, presence and / or damaged part of the bearing condition evaluation unit 24A~24B damage D of the bearing 6 is evaluated. Therefore, the state of the bearing 6 can be easily inspected by measuring the time change of the displacement of the axle box 7.

(3) the presence or absence of this first embodiment, the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, on the basis of periodic peaks P present in W _B, damage D of bearing condition evaluation unit 24A is bearing 6 To evaluate. Therefore, the displacement waveform W _A, by detecting the periodic peaks P present in W _B, it is possible to accurately detect damage D, such as peeling or scratches of the bearing 6.

(4) In the first embodiment, the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, based on the interval of the periodic peaks P present in W _B, the damaged part of the bearing condition evaluation portion 24B is a bearing 6 To evaluate. Therefore, by matching the displacement waveform W _A, the period of peak P present in the W _B, defect frequency f _i of each part of the bearing 6, f _o, f _r, and a period corresponding to f _c, bearing The damaged part of 6 can be easily identified.

(5) In the first embodiment, the displacement waveform W _A of the displacement waveform generating unit 14 generates, based on the orientation of the periodic peaks P present in W _B, the damaged part of the bearing condition evaluation portion 24C is a bearing 6 To evaluate. Thus, for example, when the rolling element 6c the damaged portion of the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b passes, the phenomenon that the outer ring 6b is inclined with respect to the axle 5b, displacement waveform W _A, periodic peaks present in the W _B P The presence or absence of damage D and the damaged portion of the bearing 6 can be easily identified by detecting from the shape of.

(6) In the first embodiment, when the bearing 6 is a double row bearing, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24C evaluates the presence or absence of damage D in each row of the bearing 6. Therefore, for example, it is possible to easily identify whether the damage D has occurred on the A row side or the B row side of the bearing 6.

(7) In the first embodiment, based on the measurement result of the displacement measurement apparatus M ₁₁ ~M _32, displacement waveform W _A representing the time variation of the displacement of the axle box 7, W _B frequency analysis frequency analysis unit 22 Then, based on the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit 22, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D evaluates the presence or absence of the damage D of the bearing 6. Therefore, the analysis result S _A, can be evaluated for damage D of the bearing 6 simply by the presence or absence of a peak P present in the S _B. For example, a frequency analysis can be performed on the vibration waveform of the axle box 7, and the presence or absence of damage D of the bearing 6 can be easily determined from the harmonic component of the defect frequency f ₁ of the bearing 6.

(8) In this first embodiment, the bearing condition evaluation unit 24D causes damage D of the bearing 6 based on the harmonics f ₂ , f ₃ , f ₄ , ... Existing in the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit 22. Evaluate the presence or absence. Therefore, the analysis result S _A, harmonics _{S B f 2, f 3,} f 4, ... by evaluating whether there is, it is possible to determine whether the damage D of the bearing 6 easily .. For example, even when the bearing 6 does not have the damage D as shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, when the diameters of the plurality of rolling elements 6c in the bearing 6 are slightly different, the diameter is large. When the rolling element 6c passes, the outer ring 6b is displaced upward, and when the rolling element 6c having a small diameter passes, the outer ring 6b is displaced downward. Therefore, the peak P may appear only at the defect frequency f ₁ shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D. Even in such a case, by determining whether the harmonic f _2, f _3, f ₄ of the defect frequency f ₁ and the defect frequency f _1, ... and a peak P exists, rolling elements It is possible to accurately determine whether the difference in the diameter allowed in 6c is due to the design or the damage D of the bearing 6.

(9) In this first embodiment, when the wheel set 5 rolls on the track 1 in a state where the bearing 6 is attached to the wheel set 5, it is based on the measurement results of the displacement meter side devices M _{11 to} M _32. The bearing condition evaluation units 24A to 24D evaluate the condition of the bearing 6. Therefore, for example, the vibration of the axle box 7 when the train passes is measured by a laser displacement meter attached to the stationary position, and the vibration waveform of the axle box 7 is analyzed to detect the damage D of the bearing 6 at an early stage. Can be done. Further, it is not necessary to remove the bearing 6 from the wheel set 5 and inspect it, and the state of the bearing 6 can be inspected in a short time without disassembling while the vehicle 2 is running on the track 1.

(Second Embodiment)
In the following, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
The axle box 7 shown in FIG. 16 has a substantially cylindrical appearance unlike the axle box 7 shown in FIG. 4, and the measuring surface 7a shown in FIG. 16 is different from the measuring surface 7a shown in FIG. It is formed in a curved shape at the bottom of 7. The displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 are different from the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the width of the track 1 is wide. Two pieces (a total of two pieces per axle box) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction.

The displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ can independently measure the displacement of the axle box 7 on one axle end side of the axle 5b of the wheel axle 5 and the displacement of the axle box 7 on the other axle end side. , It is installed below the axle box 7 on one shaft end side and below the axle box 7 on the other shaft end side. The displacement measuring device M ₁₁ measures the displacement of the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7 on the A row side, and the displacement measuring device M ₁₂ measures the displacement of the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7 on the B row side. The displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ are capable of continuously measuring the displacement of the axle box 7 while the bearing 6 is rotating by a predetermined number of rotations required for evaluating the state of the bearing 6. , It is arranged at a predetermined position below the axle box 7. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D shown in FIG. 6 are displacement measuring devices when the wheel set 5 rotates at a predetermined position in a state where the bearing 6 is attached to the wheel set 5. The state of the bearing 6 is evaluated based on the measurement results of M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ .

The rotating device R is a device that rotates the wheel set 5. The rotating device R rotates the wheel set 5 at a predetermined position while the vehicle 2 is stopped. The rotating device R includes a rotating body R ₁ , a rotating drive unit R ₂ , an elevating drive unit R ₃ , and the like. When the vehicle 2 enters and stops at a predetermined position, the rotating device R raises the rotating body R ₁ by the elevating drive unit R ₃ to bring the rotating body R ₁ into contact with the wheel axle 5. The rotating device R rotates the rotating body R ₁ by the rotating drive unit R ₂ , and rotates the wheel set 5 at a predetermined position by the rotating body R ₁ . When the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ finish measuring the displacement of the axle box 7, the rotating device R lowers the rotating body R ₁ by the elevating drive unit R ₃ to separate the rotating body R ₁ from the wheel set 5. Let me. Rotation device R, as shown in FIG. 17, are arranged in divided portion of the rail 1a, rides from the wheel 5a rail 1a is when the rotator R vehicle 2 enters the rotator R _1, the rotation When the vehicle 2 advances from the device R, the wheel 5a moves from the rotating body R ₁ to the rail 1a.

The rotating body R ₁ shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is a member that makes rotational contact with the wheel 5a of the wheel set 5. As shown in FIG. 16, the rotating body R ₁ is a roller like a rail ring in which the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body R ₁ is the same as the top surface of the rail 1a that makes rotational contact with the tread surface of the wheel 5a. is there. The rotation drive unit R ₂ shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is a means for rotationally driving the rotating body R ₁ . Rotation driving unit R ₂ is a device for rotationally driving the rotating body R ₁ to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body R ₁ in a state in contact with the wheel 5a. The elevating drive unit R ₃ is a means for elevating and driving the rotating body R ₁ . When measuring the displacement of the axle box 7, the elevating drive unit R ₃ raises the rotating body R ₁ to bring the rotating body R ₁ into contact with the wheels 5a, and when the measurement of the displacement of the axle box 7 is completed, the rotating body R ₁ Is a device that separates the rotating body R ₁ from the wheel 5a by lowering.

The bearing condition inspection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In the second embodiment, when the wheel set 5 is rotated at a predetermined position in a state where the bearing 6 is attached to the wheel set 5, the bearing state evaluation unit is based on the measurement results of the displacement meter side devices M ₁₁ and M _12. 24A to 24D evaluate the state of the bearing 6. Therefore, for example, the displacement meter side device M while rotating the wheel axle 5 by a rail wheel such as a bogie running test device for testing the running performance of the bogie 4 or a vehicle test stand for simulating the running state of the vehicle 2 in a stationary manner. The displacement of the axle box 7 can be measured by ₁₁ and M ₁₂ , and the condition of the bearing 6 can be inspected. Further, since the displacement of the axle box 7 can be measured while rotating the wheel axle 5 while the vehicle 2 is stopped at a predetermined position on the track 1, the displacement meter side device M is compared with the first embodiment. _The number of installations of ₁₁ and M ₁₂ can be significantly reduced. Further, since the displacement of one point of the measurement surface 7a of the axle box 7 can be measured by the displacement meter side devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ with the axle box 7 stopped at a predetermined position, the measurement surface 7a is curved. Even if it is a surface, the displacement of the axle box 7 can be continuously measured by the minimum displacement meter side devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ .

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications or modifications can be made as described below, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In this embodiment, the case of inspecting the state of the bearing 6 of the axle 5b of the railroad vehicle has been described as an example. However, the present invention also applies to a bearing that rotatably supports a rotating shaft other than the axle 5b. Can be applied. For example, the present invention can also be applied to the case of inspecting the state of bearings supporting a rotating shaft such as a rolling roll, a wind turbine, a turbine or an electric motor. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the bearing 6 is a roller bearing has been described, but the present invention is also applied to the case where the bearing 6 is a ball bearing, a needle bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a spherical roller bearing or a thrust bearing. be able to. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the bearing 6 is a double row cylindrical roller bearing has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to a double row tapered roller bearing, a spherical roller bearing, or the like.

(2) In this embodiment, the case where the vertical displacement of the axle box 7 is measured by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ has been described as an example, but the lateral displacement of the axle box 7 has been measured by the displacement measuring device. The present invention can also be applied to the case of measuring by M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . For example, the displacement in the left-right direction of the housing portion such as the axle box 7 that houses the bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft such as the axle 5b extending in the vertical direction is measured by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . The condition of this bearing can also be inspected. Here, the left-right direction includes a horizontal direction with respect to a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction and a direction slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are used to measure the displacement of the axle box 7 on the shaft end side and the opposite shaft end side when the train passes is described as an example. When measuring the displacement of the shaft end side (A row side), the opposite shaft end side (B row side), and the central portion thereof, when measuring the displacement of only the shaft end side of the shaft box 7, or when measuring the displacement of the shaft box 7 The present invention can also be applied to the case of measuring the displacement only on the opposite axis end side. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the raceway surface of the outer ring 6b of the bearing 6 has a damage D has been described as an example, but the inner ring 6a, the rolling element 6c, the cage 6d, and the like other than the outer ring 6b have a damage D. The present invention can also be applied to cases.

(3) In this embodiment, the case where the bearing inspection device 11 is a fixed device permanently installed at a predetermined position on the track 1 has been described as an example, but the bearing inspection device 11 is an arbitrary device on the track 1. The present invention can also be applied to the case of a simple device installed at the position of. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the radius r of the wheel 5a is constant has been described as an example, but the present invention will also be described in the case where the radius r of the wheel 5a is measured by the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ . Can be applied. For example, the distance between the central axis of the axle 5b and the measurement surface 7a of the axle box 7 and the distance between the irradiation portions of the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the crown surface of the rail 1a are fixed values. In this case, the radius r of the wheel 5a can be measured by measuring the distance between the irradiation portions of the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ and the measuring surface 7a of the axle box 7. In this case, the speed V of the vehicle 2 can be accurately calculated in consideration of the wear of the wheels 5a. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the state of the bearing 6 is evaluated by the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D has been described as an example, but the state of the bearing 6 is evaluated by at least one of the bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D. The present invention can also be applied to such cases. For example, the present invention can be applied to a case where arbitrary bearing state evaluation processes A to D are executed by a bearing state evaluation selection unit that selects arbitrary bearing state evaluation units 24A to 24D.

(4) In this first embodiment, the case where a plurality of displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ are installed over 3 rows and 2 columns has been described as an example, but the number of displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ installed is determined. It is not limited to 3 rows and 2 columns. Further, in the first embodiment, a case where the movement time t in which the axle box 7 moves between the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ and the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M ₂₂ is measured will be described as an example. However, the method for measuring the travel time t is not limited. For example, when measuring the movement time of the axle box 7 moving between the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M ₂₂ and the displacement measuring devices M ₃₁ and M ₃₂ , or when measuring the moving time of the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ and the displacement measuring device M. _The present invention can also be applied to the case of measuring the moving time of the axle box 7 moving between ₃₁ and M ₃₂ . Similarly, in the first embodiment, the case where the distance L between the displacement measuring devices M _{11 to} M ₃₂ is constant has been described as an example, but the displacement measuring devices M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ and the displacement measuring device M have been described as an example. _The present invention is also applied to the case where the inter-device distance L between ₂₁ and M ₂₂ and the inter-device distance L between the displacement measuring devices M ₂₁ and M ₂₂ and the displacement measuring devices M ₃₁ and M ₃₂ are different. can do. Further, in the second embodiment, the case where the measurement surface 7a of the axle box 7 is a curved surface has been described as an example, but the case where the measurement surface 7a is a flat surface is also described. The present invention can be applied.

1 Track 1a Rail 2 Vehicle 3 Body 4 Bogie 5 Wheelset 5a Wheels 5b Axle (Rotating Shaft)
6 Bearing 6a Inner ring 6b Outer ring 6c Rolling element 6d Cage 7 Axle box (accommodation)
11 Displacement inspection device 14 Displacement waveform generator 16 Rotation frequency calculation unit 18 Defect frequency calculation unit 20 Calculation condition setting unit 22 Frequency analysis unit 24A to 24D Bearing condition evaluation unit 28 Control unit D Damage M _{11 to} M ₃₂ Displacement measurement device L ₁ the laser beam L ₂ reflected laser beam W _a, W _B displacement waveform S _a, S _B analysis result V rate r radius f _R inner ring of the rotational frequency f 'rotation frequency f _i of the _{axle, f o, f r, f} c defect frequency f ₁ Defect frequency f ₂ 2nd harmonic f ₃ 3rd harmonic f ₄ 4th harmonic P peak R Rotating device R ₁ Rotating body R ₂ Rotating drive unit R ₃ Elevating drive unit

Claims (16)

A bearing inspection device that inspects the condition of a bearing that rotatably supports the axle while it is housed in the axle box .
This bearing is based on the measurement result of a displacement measuring device that measures the displacement of the axle box from the track side in a non-contact manner when the wheel set rolls on the track with the bearing attached to the wheel set. Provided with a bearing condition evaluation unit that evaluates the condition of
A bearing inspection device characterized by. A bearing inspection device that inspects the condition of a bearing that rotatably supports the axle while it is housed in the axle box .
Measurement result of a displacement measuring device that measures the displacement of the axle box from the track side in a non-contact manner when the wheel set is rotated at a predetermined position by the rotating device while the vehicle is stopped with the bearing attached to the wheel set. Provided with a bearing condition evaluation unit that evaluates the condition of this bearing based on
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 .
A displacement waveform generator for generating a displacement waveform representing a time change of the displacement of the axle box based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device is provided.
The bearing condition evaluation unit evaluates the presence or absence of damage and / or the damaged portion of the bearing based on the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit.
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 3 ,
The bearing condition evaluation unit evaluates the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the periodic peaks existing in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit.
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 3 or 4 .
The bearing condition evaluation unit evaluates a damaged portion of the bearing based on the periodic peak intervals existing in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit.
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5 .
When the bearing is a double-row bearing, the bearing condition evaluation unit is assigned to any row of the double-row bearing based on the direction of the periodic peak existing in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generation unit. Assessing for damage ,
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A frequency analysis unit for frequency analysis of a displacement waveform representing a time change of displacement of the axle box based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device is provided.
The bearing condition evaluation unit evaluates the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit.
A bearing inspection device characterized by. In the bearing inspection apparatus according to claim 7,
The bearing condition evaluation unit evaluates the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the harmonics existing in the analysis result analyzed by the frequency analysis unit.
A bearing inspection device characterized by. This is a bearing inspection program that inspects the condition of bearings that rotatably support the axles while they are housed in the axle box .
This bearing is based on the measurement result of a displacement measuring device that measures the displacement of the axle box from the track side in a non-contact manner when the wheel set rolls on the track with the bearing attached to the wheel set. To have the computer perform the bearing condition evaluation procedure to evaluate the condition of
Bearing inspection program featuring. This is a bearing inspection program that inspects the condition of bearings that rotatably support the axles while they are housed in the axle box .
Measurement result of a displacement measuring device that measures the displacement of the axle box from the track side in a non-contact manner when the wheel set is rotated at a predetermined position by the rotating device while the vehicle is stopped with the bearing attached to the wheel set. To have the computer perform a bearing condition evaluation procedure to evaluate the condition of this bearing based on
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to claim 9 or 10 .
Including a displacement waveform generation procedure for generating a displacement waveform representing a time change of the displacement of the axle box based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device.
The bearing state evaluation procedure includes a procedure for evaluating the presence or absence of damage and / or a damaged portion of the bearing based on the displacement waveform generated in the displacement waveform generation procedure.
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to claim 11 ,
The bearing state evaluation procedure includes a procedure for evaluating the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the periodic peaks existing in the displacement waveform generated in the displacement waveform generation procedure.
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to claim 11 or 12 .
The bearing condition evaluation procedure includes a procedure for evaluating a damaged portion of the bearing based on the periodic peak intervals existing in the displacement waveform generated in the displacement waveform generation procedure.
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to any one of claims 11 to 13 .
The bearing condition evaluation procedure applies to any row of the double row bearings based on the orientation of the periodic peaks present in the displacement waveform generated by the displacement waveform generator when the bearing is a double row bearing. Include steps to assess for damage ,
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to any one of claims 9 to 14 .
Including a frequency analysis procedure for frequency analysis of a displacement waveform representing a time change of displacement of the axle box based on the measurement result of the displacement measuring device.
The bearing condition evaluation procedure includes a procedure for evaluating the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the analysis result analyzed in the frequency analysis procedure.
Bearing inspection program featuring. In the bearing inspection program according to claim 15 ,
The bearing condition evaluation procedure includes a procedure for evaluating the presence or absence of damage to the bearing based on the harmonics existing in the analysis result analyzed in the frequency analysis procedure.
Bearing inspection program featuring.

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