JP6751502B2 - Windmill generator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly, to wind turbine generator that can be rotated impeller by relatively slow wind speed.

Conventionally, wind turbines have been used for various purposes such as power generation. The wind turbine includes a horizontal axis wind turbine that rotates the impeller around a rotation axis parallel to the wind direction, and a vertical axis wind turbine in which the rotation axis of the impeller is perpendicular to the ground.

In recent years, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-161196, a wind turbine capable of reducing the impeller without reducing the output and efficiency has also been proposed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-161196

However, the conventional wind turbine has a problem that sufficient rotation of the impeller cannot be obtained in a wind having a relatively slow wind speed, that is, a weak wind. For example, in the case of a wind turbine generator, it is not possible to generate desired electric power with a relatively weak wind having a predetermined wind speed or less.

The present invention has an object to provide a wind turbine generator that can be rotated impeller even at a relatively slow velocity of the wind.

The wind turbine generator according to one aspect of the present invention includes a rotary shaft, a flywheel provided on the rotary shaft, a start motor connected to the rotary shaft, and a plurality of wind turbine generators fixed to the rotary shaft and rotatable. An impeller whose blades are arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion of the flywheel, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the motor and the rotating shaft, and a first opening capable of taking in wind. A second opening that communicates with the first opening and is formed so that the wind hits the plurality of blades and is arranged with respect to the flywheel, and has an area of the first opening. Is larger than the area of the second opening, and the second opening is formed in an annular shape so that the wind hits the plurality of blades. Power is generated by using the air collecting portion and the rotational force of the rotating shaft. Generator and
The air collecting portion is fixed to the tip portion and is rotatable around the axis of a column installed vertically, and the rotation axis is arranged in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the support column, and the rotation axis is on the rotation axis. An impeller, a generator, and a start motor arranged in an annular shape are arranged in series on the outer peripheral portion of the fly wheel, the impeller is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft, and the motor is provided at the other end in the direction of the rotating shaft. The windmill main body formed in a long length and the base end portion which is the other end of the windmill main body in the longitudinal axis direction are provided, and when the wind is received, the first opening of the wind collecting portion is opened. A directional steering wheel provided in the upwind direction of the wind, a wind speed meter provided in the wind turbine body to detect the wind speed, and when the wind speed reaches a predetermined wind speed value, power is supplied to the motor to drive the motor. Then, when the rotation speed of the motor reaches the rotation speed required for the rated power generation of the generator, the motor has a control device for controlling the clutch so as to disconnect the connection between the motor and the rotation shaft. The wind collecting portion has a conical trapezoidal shape, the conical trapezoidal portion has a conical shape portion, and the first opening is a first circular portion of the conical trapezoidal portion. The second opening is formed by the gap between the second circular portion of the conical trapezoidal portion and the conical portion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind turbine generator that can be rotated impeller even at a relatively slow velocity of the wind.

It is a partial cross-sectional view seen from the lateral direction of the wind turbine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the wind turbine seen from the tip side which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a rear view of the upper part of the wind turbine seen from the proximal end side which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the wind turbine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the upper part of the wind turbine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine according to the present embodiment as viewed from the lateral direction. FIG. 2 is a front view of the wind turbine as seen from the tip side according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view of the upper part of the wind turbine as seen from the base end side according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a top view of the wind turbine according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the upper part of the wind turbine according to the present embodiment.
(Overall structure)
The wind turbine 1 includes a fixing portion 11, a support column 12, a wind turbine main body portion 13, a wind collecting portion 14, and a rudder 15. The wind turbine 1 is a wind turbine generator, and generates electric power by rotating an impeller, which will be described later, in response to the wind. That is, as will be described later, the wind turbine 1 has a generator that generates electricity by using the rotational force of the rotating shaft of the impeller.

The wind turbine 1 is installed on the ground surface or on the roof of a building by fixing the fixing portion 11 to the foundation G provided on the ground with a bolt or the like.
The base end portion of the support column 12 is fixed to the fixing portion 11, and the tip end portion is connected to the wind turbine main body portion 13 via a connecting portion 12a having a bearing or the like. Specifically, the connecting portion 12a is fixed to the base portion 12b fixed to the wind turbine main body portion 13. Therefore, the wind turbine main body 13 can rotate around the axis Ox of the column 12 by the bearing of the connecting portion 12a.

The wind turbine main body 13 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the wind collecting portion 14 is fixed to the tip end portion which is one end in the longitudinal axis direction, and the rudder 15 is fixed to the base end portion which is the other end in the longitudinal axis direction. Is provided.

The rudder 15 is composed of two plates 15a and 15b, and in the two plates 15a and 15b, the side portions where the facing surfaces are non-parallel and the distance between the opposing surfaces is short are the wind collecting portions 14. They are arranged so as to be closest to each other and fixed to the upper surface of the wind turbine main body 13.

That is, the two plates 15a and 15b of the rudder 15 are tilted in opposite directions with respect to the central axis of the wind turbine main body 13 by the same angle, and the side portions on the tip side of the two plates 15a and 15b. The two plates 15a and 15b are fixed to the upper surface of the wind turbine main body 13 so that the distance between the two plates is short and the distance between the side portions on the base end side of the two plates is long.
When the rudder 15 receives the wind, the wind turbine main body 13 always rotates about the axis Ox of the support column 12 so that the rudder 15 is on the leeward side and the wind collecting part 14 is on the windward side.

Therefore, even if the wind direction changes, the rudder 15 automatically directs the wind collecting portion 14 to the windward side, so that the wind collecting portion 14 efficiently takes in the wind.
(Structure of the main body of the wind turbine)
In the wind turbine main body 13, an impeller 21 with a flywheel is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 22. The impeller 21 has a disk-shaped or annular flywheel 21a, and a plurality of blades 21b are fixedly fixed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral portion of the flywheel 21a. That is, the impeller 21 is fixed to the rotating shaft 22 and is rotatable, and has a plurality of blades 21b arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion.

Inside the wind turbine main body 13, two support members 23 and 24 fixed to the bottom are provided. Bearings 23a and 24a are provided on the support members 23 and 24, respectively. The rotating shaft 22 is rotatably supported by bearings 23a and 24a around the central axis O of the rotating shaft 22.

One end of each of the two plates 25 and 26 is fixed to the support member 24 provided on the base end side of the wind turbine main body 13.
A disc-shaped generator 27 is provided on the rotating shaft 22 between the bearings 23a and 24a. The plate 25 is a plate for fixing the generator 27, and the other end of the plate 25 is fixed.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the generator 27. FIG. 7 is a side view of the generator 27. The generator 27 has a disk shape and has a disk-shaped rotor 27a and a stator 27b that covers the rotor 27a. The rotor 27a arranged inside the generator 27 has a plurality of magnets (not shown) arranged in an annular shape around the rotation axis of the rotor 27a. The stator 27b covers the rotor 27a and internally has a plurality of coils (not shown) for receiving the magnetic fields of the plurality of magnets of the rotor 27a. A plurality of coils are connected to an output wiring (not shown) for voltage output.

The generator 27 has a tubular member 27c fixed to the rotor 27a. The rotating shaft 22 is inserted into the tubular member 27c, and the tubular member 27c is fixed to the rotating shaft 22 by screwing using the screw holes 27d provided in the tubular member 27c. As a result, the rotor 27a is fixed to the rotating shaft 22.

The stator 27b of the generator 27 has a mounting surface 27e for mounting the plate 25. A plurality of screw holes 27f are formed on the mounting surface 27e, and the plate 25 is fixed to the mounting surface 27e by screwing through the screw holes provided in the plate 25.

Therefore, when the rotor 27a of the generator 27 rotates in response to the rotation of the rotating shaft 22, an induced current flows through a plurality of coils provided in the stator 27b, and the generator 27 outputs a generated voltage from the output wiring.

The impeller 21 is fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft 22, and the motor 28 with a clutch is connected to the base end of the rotating shaft 22. That is, the motor 28 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 22, and the impeller 21 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 22. The motor 28 as a starting electric motor is fixed to the other end of the plate 26.

An anemometer 29a is provided on the upper surface of the wind turbine main body 13. A battery 29b for mode driving is installed in the wind turbine main body 13. Further, a control device 30 is provided in the wind turbine main body 13, and the control device 30 is connected to the motor 28, the anemometer 29a, and the battery 29b.

The battery 29b is a storage battery that can store electricity by using the photovoltaic power generation device 32 installed on the upper surface of the wind turbine main body 13. Before using the wind turbine 1, the battery 29b is initially stored by using the photovoltaic power generation device 32.

When the detection output of the anemometer 29a reaches a predetermined wind speed value, the control device 30 supplies power from the battery 29b to the motor 28. The motor 28 rotates the impeller 21 until the generator 27 reaches the rotation speed required for rated power generation. The motor 28 has a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the rotating shaft of the motor 28 and the rotating shaft 22.

The control device 30 monitors the rotation speed of the motor 28, and when the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 22 by the motor 28 reaches a predetermined rotation speed, the clutch disconnects the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft 22 of the motor 28. It controls the clutch of the motor 28.

A mesh-like cover 33 for soundproofing and safety is attached to the base end portion of the wind turbine main body 13 in the longitudinal axis direction.
(Structure of wind collecting part)
The wind collecting portion 14 has a truncated cone shape having an opening IP capable of taking in wind and an opening OP communicating with the opening IP and discharging the wind. The opening IP is provided on the tip end side of the air collecting portion 14, and the opening OP is provided on the base end side of the air collecting portion 14. The opening IP has a circular shape. The wind collecting portion 14 has a cylindrical portion 14a connected to the tip end side of the wind turbine main body portion 13 on the base end side.

A truncated cone portion 31 is provided in the wind collecting portion 14 which is a truncated cone-shaped portion so that the apex P of the cone is located on the tip side.
The conical portion 31 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the wind collecting portion 14 by a plurality of support plates 14b arranged and fixed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. That is, the conical portion 31 is fixed in the wind collecting portion 14 by a plurality of support plates 14b.

The conical portion 31 has a cylindrical portion 31a extending into the cylindrical portion 14a on the proximal end side.
The central axis of the truncated cone-shaped wind collecting portion 14 (the line connecting the centers of the two circles constituting the truncated cone) and the central axis of the truncated cone 31 (the line connecting the apex P of the cone and the center of the bottom surface of the circle) are It coincides with the central axis O of the rotating shaft 22.

The diameter of the cylindrical portion 31a is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical portion 14a. The gap between the cylindrical portions 14a and 31a formed by the difference between these two diameters forms an opening OP for discharging wind.
Therefore, the first circular portion of the wind collecting portion 14 is the opening IP. The gap between the second circular portion of the wind collecting portion 14 and the conical portion 31 forms the opening OP.

The diameter of the cylindrical portion 14a and the diameter of the cylindrical portion 31a are set so that the wind discharged from the opening OP hits the plurality of blades 21b of the impeller 21.
That is, the wind collecting portion 14 is formed so that the opening IP capable of taking in the wind and the wind communicating with the opening IP and hitting the plurality of blades 21b of the impeller 21 are arranged with respect to the impeller 21. It has an opening OP.
The opening OP is formed in an annular shape so that the wind hits the plurality of blades 21b.
Further, the air collecting portion 14 is formed so that the area S1 of the opening IP is larger than the area S2 of the opening OP.

Although not shown, an electric shutter is provided in the opening IP, and when the wind speed exceeds a predetermined value, the control device 30 drives the shutter to close so that strong wind does not enter the wind collecting portion 14. You may try to do so.
(Action)
When the wind turbine 1 receives the wind, the rudder 15 rotates the wind turbine main body 13 around the axis Ox of the column 12 so that the opening IP on the tip side of the wind collecting portion 14 faces upwind.

When the control device 30 receives a signal indicating a predetermined wind speed, for example, a wind speed of 1.5 m or more from the anemometer 29a, the control device 30 supplies the power of the battery 29b to the motor 28 to drive the motor 28 as a starting motor. As the motor 28 rotates, the rotating shaft 22 rotates.

When the rotation speed of the motor 28 reaches a predetermined rotation speed, for example, 300 rotations per minute, the control device 30 controls the clutch to disconnect the motor 28 and the rotation shaft 22. This predetermined rotation speed is the rotation speed required for the generator 27 to generate the rated power.

The wind speed of the wind entering the air collecting portion 14 from the opening IP increases because the region through which the wind passes toward the opening OP is narrowed by the conical portion 31. That is, since the area S2 of the opening OP is smaller than the area S1 of the opening IP, the wind flowing in from the opening IP of a wide area is ejected from the opening OP of a narrow area at a wind speed faster than the wind speed at the time of inflow. To do.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the wind F entering the wind collecting portion 14 from the opening IP becomes faster than the wind speed indicated by the anemometer 29a in the gap between the cylindrical portions 14a and 31a. pass.
Further, since the shape of the opening OP matches the arrangement shape of the plurality of blades 21b provided in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion of the impeller 21, the wind F ejected from the opening OP is the plurality of blades 21b. Efficiently hits.

For example, the rate of wind generation with a wind speed of 1.5 m to 20 m is generally 92%, although it varies depending on the area, location, and the like. Therefore, due to the difference between the area S1 of the opening IP of the wind collecting portion 14 and the area S2 of the opening OP, it is possible to generate electricity from a relatively slow wind speed. For example, if the areas S1 and S2 are set so that power can be generated even with a wind speed of 1.5 m to 20 m, the impeller 21 can be installed in many places and the impeller 21 can be rotated efficiently. The ratio S1 / S2 is, for example, approximately 13.

As described above, by adjusting the ratio of the opening area S1 of the opening IP and the opening area S2 of the opening OP, the speed of the wind ejected from the opening OP can be set in a desired range. ..

Further, by adjusting the distance from the central axis of the impeller 21 to the blade 21b, it is possible to set a desired rotational moment of the impeller 21 due to the wind pressure received by each blade 21b.

Further, since the impeller 21 has a flywheel, once it starts to rotate, it is stably rotated by the flywheel.

Furthermore, when the shutter provided on the front side of the opening IP is provided, for example, when the wind speed becomes a predetermined wind speed, for example, 20 m / sec or more, the control device 30 is provided on the front surface of the opening IP. Drive the shutter to close the opening IP. When the wind speed becomes 20 m / sec or less, the control device 30 drives the shutter provided in the opening IP to open the opening IP.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to provide a wind turbine and a wind turbine generator capable of rotating the impeller even with a wind having a relatively slow wind speed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications, modifications, and the like can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.

1 Windmill, 11 Fixed part, 12 Supports, 12a Connection part, 12b Base part, 13 Windmill body part, 14 Wind collecting part, 14a Cylindrical part, 14b Support plate, 15 Directional steering wheel, 15a, 15b plate, 21 Impeller, 21a Fly Wheels, 21b blades, 22 rotating shafts, 23 support members, 23a bearings, 24 support members, 24a bearings, 25, 26 plates, 27 generators, 27a rotors, 27b stators, 27c tubular members, 27d screw holes, 27e mounting surfaces. , 27f screw hole, 28 motor, 29a wind speed meter, 29b battery, 30 control device, 31 conical part, 31a cylindrical part, 32 solar power generator, 33 cover.

Claims (3)

A rotation axis,
The flywheel provided on the rotating shaft and
With the start motor connected to the rotating shaft,
An impeller that is fixed to the rotating shaft and can rotate, and a plurality of blades are arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion of the flywheel.
A clutch for connecting the motor to the rotating shaft and disconnecting the connection,
A first opening capable of taking in wind and a second opening that communicates with the first opening and is formed so that the wind hits the plurality of blades and is arranged with respect to the impeller. The area of the first opening is larger than the area of the second opening, and the second opening is formed in an annular shape so that the wind hits the plurality of blades. ,
A generator that generates electricity using the rotational force of the rotating shaft,
The air collecting portion is fixed to the tip portion and is rotatable around the axis of a column installed vertically, and the rotation axis is arranged in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the support column, and the rotation axis is on the rotation axis. An impeller, a generator, and a start motor arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral portion of the fly wheel are arranged in series, the impeller is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft, and the motor is provided at the other end in the direction of the rotating shaft. The long windmill body and
A rudder provided at the base end portion which is the other end in the longitudinal axis direction of the wind turbine main body portion, and when the wind is received, the first opening of the wind collecting portion is provided in the windward direction of the wind. ,
An anemometer provided on the main body of the wind turbine to detect the wind speed,
When the wind speed reaches a predetermined wind speed value, power is supplied to the motor to drive the motor, and when the rotation speed of the motor reaches the rotation speed required for the rated power generation of the generator, the motor and the rotation It has a control device that controls the clutch so as to disconnect the connection with the shaft.
The wind collecting portion has a truncated cone shape, has a truncated cone shape portion in the truncated cone shape portion, and the first opening is a first circular portion of the truncated cone shape portion. The second opening is formed by the gap between the second circular portion of the truncated cone-shaped portion and the truncated cone-shaped portion.
A wind turbine generator characterized by that. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, further comprising a battery for supplying the power source for driving the motor. Has a solar power generator,
The wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the battery is a battery that can store electricity by using the solar power generation device.

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