JP6742768B2 - Image image output device and image image output program - Google Patents

Image image output device and image image output program Download PDF

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JP6742768B2
JP6742768B2 JP2016054124A JP2016054124A JP6742768B2 JP 6742768 B2 JP6742768 B2 JP 6742768B2 JP 2016054124 A JP2016054124 A JP 2016054124A JP 2016054124 A JP2016054124 A JP 2016054124A JP 6742768 B2 JP6742768 B2 JP 6742768B2
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中島 徹
徹 中島
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株式会社ア−キテック
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本発明は、建築物に用いられる部材の外形を書面等の一定の様式に表示するに際して、最適な撮影角度や構図(以下「アングル」と記す)を定めるイメージ画像出力装置及びイメージ画像出力プログラムに関する。 The present invention relates to an image image output device and an image image output program that determine an optimum shooting angle and composition (hereinafter referred to as “angle”) when displaying the outer shape of a member used in a building in a certain format such as a document. ..

建築物の設計作業や積算作業などに際しては、様々な躯体やそれらに用いられる部材の静止画像が付された帳票(図7参照)、絵札またはそれらの画像の出力が行われる。
しかしながら、部材の静止画像は、採用されるアングルによっては、二次元的な投影像とする処理において当該線状部材の形状的特長が損なわれ、見る者が線状部材の外観が具体的に把握できず、限られた紙面や画面を割いて表示された静止画像の存在意義が失われることとなる。
When designing or estimating work of a building, a form (see FIG. 7) to which still images of various frames and members used for them are attached, picture cards or their images are output.
However, depending on the angle used, the still image of the member may lose the geometrical characteristics of the linear member in the process of forming a two-dimensional projection image, and the viewer can grasp the appearance of the linear member concretely. This is not possible, and the significance of the existence of the still image displayed by breaking the limited space or screen is lost.

殊に、鉄筋の様な線状の部材は、種々成形が行われ、その外観の具体を予測することは困難である。
コンピュータに接続されたディスプレイ装置に出力された画像であれば、例えば、下記特許文献に記載の技術によって任意のアングルを選択することが可能である。
一方、書面などに変更不能なイメージとして出力された画像にあっては、与えられた画像のみでその外観を正確に認識しなければならない。
Particularly, a linear member such as a reinforcing bar is variously molded, and it is difficult to predict the specific appearance thereof.
As long as the image is output to the display device connected to the computer, it is possible to select an arbitrary angle, for example, by the technique described in the following patent document.
On the other hand, in the case of an image that is output as an unchangeable image on a document or the like, its appearance must be accurately recognized only by the given image.

特開2002−298160号公報JP, 2002-298160, A

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、三次元空間にある線状部材を二次元的に投影描画する処理において、当該線状部材の形状的特長を正確に且つ具体的に認識できるアングルで出力することができるイメージ画像出力装置及びイメージ画像出力プログラムの提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, in a process of projecting and drawing a linear member in a three-dimensional space in a two-dimensional manner, the shape features of the linear member can be accurately and specifically described. An object is to provide an image image output device and an image image output program capable of outputting at a recognizable angle.

上記課題を解決するためになされた本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置は、線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベースと、当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段と、前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして(照合して)前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段と、前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段と、前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えることを特徴とする。 The image image output apparatus according to the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problems includes a reference database including determination criteria for a virtual surface formed by a linear member or a normal line thereof, and a linear shape detecting a constituent element of the linear member. Verification means, normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of (verified) the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database, and normal derived by the normal detection means A projection area calculation unit that derives the projection area of the linear member whose direction is the projection direction, and an image image that outputs the projection direction with the largest projection area from the projection directions with which the projection area is derived by the projection area calculation unit. It is characterized by comprising an angle determining means for guiding as a projection direction of.

上記例は、前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段と、前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として構成することもできる。 The above-mentioned example is an image image selection means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from the projection directions in which the projection area is calculated by the projection area calculation means, and the projection direction extracted by the image image selection means. Of these, the image image output device may be configured to include an angle determining unit that guides the projection direction having the largest projection area as the projection direction of the output image.

また、線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベースと、当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段と、前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段と、前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段と、前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段と、前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積の大きさについて高順位にある規定数の投影方向を抽出すると共に、それらを平均した方向を中心とする規定範囲を導く候補領域抽出手段と、前記候補領域抽出手段で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向を三次元的に段階的に変更する視線変更手段と、前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向での投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段と、前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向での投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として構成することができる。 Further, a reference database including determination criteria for a virtual surface formed by a linear member or a normal line thereof, a linear verification unit that detects a component of the linear member, a verification result of the linear verification unit, and the reference database. A normal detecting means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in the light of, and a projection area calculating means for deriving a projection area of the linear member whose projection direction is the normal direction guided by the normal detecting means, An image image selecting means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from the projection directions in which the projection area is calculated by the projection area calculating means, and a projection from the projection directions extracted by the image image selecting means. A candidate area extracting unit that extracts a specified number of projection directions having a high rank with respect to the size of the area and guides a specified range centered on the averaged direction, and within a specified range derived by the candidate area extracting unit. And a line-of-sight changing means for three-dimensionally changing the projection direction of the linear member arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and a projection area calculating means for deriving the projection area in the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means. And the projection direction of the image image that outputs the projection direction having the largest projection area from the projection directions in which the projection area is derived by the projection area calculation means for guiding the projection area in the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means. It can be configured as an image image output device having a guide angle determining means.

上記課題を解決するためになされた本発明によるイメージ画像出力プログラムは、線状部材の画像を出力するコンピュータに、線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベース、当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段、前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段、前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として機能させることを特徴とする。 An image image output program according to the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problem is a reference database including a determination reference of a virtual surface formed by a linear member or its normal in a computer that outputs an image of the linear member. Verification means for detecting the constituent elements of the linear member, the normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database, and the normal detection means. The projection area calculation means for deriving the projection area of the linear member with the normal direction as the projection direction, and the projection direction with the largest projection area is output from the projection directions with the projection area guided by the projection area calculation means. It is characterized in that it functions as an image image output device provided with an angle determining means for guiding as a projection direction of an image image.

また、線状部材の画像を出力するコンピュータに、線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベース、当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段、前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段、前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段、前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積の大きさについて高順位にある規定数の投影方向を抽出すると共に、それらを平均した方向を中心とする規定範囲を導く候補領域抽出手段、前記候補領域抽出手段で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向を三次元的に段階的に変更する視線変更手段、前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向での投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向での投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として機能させる画像出力プログラムとして構成することもできる。
前記画像出力装置又は画像出力プログラムは、前記投影面積算出手段を、与えられた投影方向での当該線状部材の投影像が内接する矩形の面積を、前記投影面積として導くように機能させることができる。
In addition, a computer that outputs an image of the linear member, a reference database that includes determination criteria for a virtual surface formed by the linear member or a normal line thereof, a linear verification unit that detects a component of the linear member, the linear A normal detection means for detecting a normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the verification means and the reference database, and a projected area of the linear member whose projection direction is the normal direction guided by the normal detection means. A projection area calculating means for guiding the projection area, an image image selecting means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from the projection directions in which the projection area is calculated by the projection area calculating means, and the image image selecting means. From the projection directions, a predetermined number of projection directions having a high rank with respect to the size of the projection area are extracted, and a candidate area extracting unit that derives a specified range centered on the averaged direction is provided. A line-of-sight changing unit for three-dimensionally changing the projection direction of the linear member arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the defined range, and a projection area in the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing unit is derived. Projection area calculation means, of the image image that outputs the projection direction having the largest projection area from the projection directions in which the projection area is derived by the projection area calculation means for guiding the projection area in the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means It can also be configured as an image output program that functions as an image image output device that includes an angle determination unit that guides as a projection direction.
The image output device or the image output program may cause the projection area calculation unit to function as a projection area, which is a rectangular area inscribed by a projection image of the linear member in a given projection direction. it can.

本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置及びそのプログラムによれば、三次元座標系に存在する種々の線形に加工された線状部材を、ディスプレイ画面や書面の欄に表示する際に、当該線状部材の形状的特長を損なわない実用的な二次元投影像を、作業者の手を煩わすことなく効率的に表示することが可能となる。 According to the image image output apparatus and the program thereof according to the present invention, when various linearly processed linear members existing in a three-dimensional coordinate system are displayed on a display screen or a writing column, It becomes possible to efficiently display a practical two-dimensional projection image that does not impair the geometrical features, without the operator having to bother.

その結果、様々な分野において、線状部材の外観を具体的に且つ容易に認識できることとなり、様々な誤認やミスの回避に寄与することとなる。 As a result, the appearance of the linear member can be specifically and easily recognized in various fields, which contributes to avoiding various misidentifications and mistakes.

本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of processing of an image image output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理による表示形態の一例を示す解説図である。It is an explanatory view showing an example of a display form by processing of an image picture output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の機能構成の一例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing an example of functional composition of an image picture output device by the present invention. 本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の処理の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows an example of processing of an image picture output device by the present invention.

以下、本発明によるイメージ画像出力装置の実施の形態の一例を、それを機能させるプログラムと共に図面に基づき詳細に説明する。
ここに示す例は、CPU、ROM、RAM、ハードディスク等の記録媒体、入出力インターフェース、通信インターフェースなどを備え、前記記録媒体にオペレーションシステム及びアプリケーションプログラム(「イメージ画像出力プログラム」を含む)などのプログラムがインストールされたコンピュータシステム(鉄筋積算システム)として実現した例である。
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of an image image output device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings together with a program that causes the device to function.
The example shown here includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, a recording medium such as a hard disk, an input/output interface, a communication interface, and the like, and a program such as an operation system and an application program (including an “image image output program”) in the recording medium. This is an example realized as a computer system (reinforcing bar integration system) installed with.

この例は、図面又は帳票としてディスプレイ画面又は紙面などの二次元座標系に様々な画像を出力する二次元画像出力手段を備える。
前記二次元画像出力手段は、基準データベース1と、線状検証手段2と、法線検出手段3と、投影面積算出手段4と、イメージ画像選出手段5と、アングル決定手段6を備え(図8参照)、図9に示す処理を順次行う。
This example includes a two-dimensional image output unit that outputs various images as a drawing or a form to a two-dimensional coordinate system such as a display screen or a paper surface.
The two-dimensional image output means comprises a reference database 1, a linear verification means 2, a normal detection means 3, a projected area calculation means 4, an image image selection means 5 and an angle determination means 6 (FIG. 8). 9) and the processing shown in FIG. 9 is sequentially performed.

前記基準データベース1は、三次元座標系における鉄筋(線状部材)の線形の直線要素及び曲線要素(以下「構成要素」という)が形作る平面(以下「仮想面」という)又はその法線の決定基準を備える。
尚、前記曲線要素は、当該イメージ画像出力装置又は当該イメージ画像出力プログラムに要請される出力精度に応じて、更に、直線要素と円弧要素に細分化する変換処理を介在することができる。
以下、当該変換処理を介在するとして説明する。
この例が備える仮想面又はその法線の決定基準は、例えば、以下の通りである。
(1)鉄筋が直線要素のみからなる場合
当該直線要素の直交線を法線とし、例えば、当該直線要素とZ軸との内積が最も大きい法線など、当該法線のうちで最も処理に便宜な法線を抽出する(図1参照)。
(2)鉄筋が円弧要素のみの場合
当該円弧要素に囲まれた仮想面の法線を抽出する(図2参照)。
(3)鉄筋が複数の構成要素からなる場合
各構成要素が形作る仮想面それぞれの法線を抽出する。
The reference database 1 determines a plane (hereinafter referred to as “virtual surface”) formed by linear linear elements and curved elements (hereinafter referred to as “constituent elements”) of a reinforcing bar (linear member) in a three-dimensional coordinate system or a normal line thereof. Equipped with standards.
Incidentally, the curved element can further intervene a conversion process for subdividing into a straight line element and a circular arc element according to the output accuracy required for the image image output device or the image image output program.
Hereinafter, the conversion process will be described as intervening.
Criteria for determining the virtual surface or the normal line thereof included in this example are as follows, for example.
(1) When the reinforcing bar is composed only of straight line elements The normal line is the orthogonal line of the straight line elements, and for example, the normal line having the largest inner product of the straight line elements and the Z axis is the most convenient of the normal lines. A normal line is extracted (see FIG. 1).
(2) When the reinforcing bar is an arc element only The normal line of the virtual surface surrounded by the arc element is extracted (see FIG. 2).
(3) When the reinforcing bar is composed of a plurality of constituent elements The normal line of each virtual surface formed by each constituent element is extracted.

以下、複数の構成要素からなる場合について、隣接する構成要素の境界(以下「節点」という)における法線の決定基準を具体的に説明する(図4参照)。
(1)直線要素と直線要素との節点である場合
(a)2つの直線要素が平行でない場合は、隣接する2つの直線要素の外積を法線とし保存する。
(b)2つの直線要素が平行である場合は、隣接する2つの直線要素の直交線を法線とし保存する。
(2)直線要素と円弧要素との節点である場合
(a)直線要素が円弧要素の接線の一部として存在する場合は、円弧要素が形作る面(以下「円弧面」という)の法線を導き保存する。
(b)それ以外の場合は、円弧要素の端点における接線方向と直線要素との外積を法線とし保存する。
(3)円弧要素と円弧要素との節点である場合
(a)各円弧面の法線方向を法線として保存する。
Hereinafter, in the case of being composed of a plurality of constituent elements, a criterion for determining a normal line at a boundary (hereinafter referred to as a “node”) between adjacent constituent elements will be specifically described (see FIG. 4 ).
(1) When it is a node between straight line elements and straight line elements (a) When two straight line elements are not parallel, the outer product of two adjacent straight line elements is saved as the normal line.
(B) When two straight line elements are parallel, the orthogonal line of two adjacent straight line elements is saved as a normal line.
(2) When it is a node between a straight line element and a circular arc element (a) When a straight line element exists as a part of a tangent line of a circular arc element, the normal line of the surface formed by the circular arc element (hereinafter referred to as “circular arc surface”) Guide and save.
(B) In other cases, the outer product of the tangential direction and the straight line element at the end point of the arc element is stored as the normal line.
(3) When it is a node between arc elements and (a) Save the normal direction of each arc surface as the normal.

前記線状検証手段2の処理は、表示対象となる鉄筋(以下「当該鉄筋」という)の各構成要素の形態を評価するステップを含む。
このステップにおいて、前記線状検証手段2は、例えば、当該鉄筋の線形を構成する各構成要素の方向成分若しくはその変化又は属性の相違などから各構成要素の節点及びその形態を導くと共に、各節点で区切られた構成要素の属性及び各構成要素の特定データ(頂点座標群や関数など)を保存する。
The processing of the linear verification unit 2 includes a step of evaluating the form of each component of a reinforcing bar to be displayed (hereinafter referred to as “corresponding reinforcing bar”).
In this step, the linear verification means 2 derives the node and its form of each component from the directional component of each component constituting the linear shape of the rebar or its change or attribute difference, and at the same time, each node The attribute of the component and the specific data (vertex coordinate group, function, etc.) of each component separated by are stored.

前記法線検出手段3は、各節点で区切られた隣接する構成要素(以下「隣接要素」という)が成す連結角度又は隣接する仮想面の捩れを検出する処理を経て、前記線状検証手段2のステップで導かれた各構成要素の連結状態を評価するステップからなる。
このステップにおいて、前記法線検出手段3は、前記線状検証手段2の評価結果と前記基準データベース1の法線決定基準を照らし合わせて、各節点で区切られた隣接要素を含む仮想面を導く処理を経て、仮想面を伴う場合には、当該鉄筋から生じ得る法線を導きそれらを保存する。
The normal detection unit 3 detects the connection angle formed by the adjacent constituent elements (hereinafter referred to as “adjacent elements”) separated by each node or the twist of the adjacent virtual surface, and then the linear verification unit 2 The step of evaluating the connection state of each component derived in the step of.
In this step, the normal detecting means 3 compares the evaluation result of the linear verifying means 2 with the normal determining criterion of the reference database 1 to derive a virtual surface including adjacent elements separated by each node. Through processing, if virtual planes are involved, the normals that can arise from the rebar are derived and stored.

前記投影面積算出手段4は、前記法線検出手段3で導かれた法線方向への当該線状部材の投影面積を導くステップからなる。
このステップにおいて、前記投影面積算出手段4は、例えば、三次元空間に配置された当該鉄筋の三次元モデルについて、隠面処理を行い、当該鉄筋を構成する各面に対して、投影する仮想面側から当該鉄筋を見て手前側に見える領域の投影イメージを作成し、その面積を求める。
その他、製品形状を構成する各面をポリゴン群に変換し、Zバッファ法などの陰線処理を行い、一番手前側に見える部分を投影面積として、表示装置のピクセル単位で近似的に求める手法を採っても良い。
The projected area calculation means 4 comprises a step of deriving a projected area of the linear member in the normal direction guided by the normal detection means 3.
In this step, the projected area calculation means 4 performs, for example, a hidden surface process on a three-dimensional model of the reinforcing bar arranged in a three-dimensional space, and a virtual surface for projecting on each surface forming the reinforcing bar. Create a projected image of the area seen on the front side when the reinforcing bar is viewed from the side, and find the area.
In addition, a method is adopted in which each surface that forms the product shape is converted into a polygon group, hidden line processing such as the Z buffer method is performed, and the portion that appears on the front side is the projected area and is approximately calculated in pixel units of the display device. May be.

一方、前記投影面積算出手段4は、それが導くべき投影面積として、投影面に描画した投影像(イメージ画像又はその線形など)を内接する矩形領域の面積を採用することもできる。
前記矩形領域は、例えば、投影面にX軸とY軸からなる二次元座標系を設定したうえで、前記イメージ又はその線形の節点又はピクセルからX軸及びY軸に降ろした垂線の足を導くと共に、各軸に対する最長の足の長さをそれぞれ直交する縦辺及び横辺として有する矩形領域として定義することができる。
前記投影面積算出手段4は、上記の通り導かれた縦辺及び横辺から矩形領域の面積を導き、当該投影面への投影面積として出力する(図5における破線矩形参照)。
尚、投影面の前記X軸又はY軸には、線状部材が置かれた三次元座標系のZ軸と投影面法線の外積方向を採用する。
投影面法線と座標系Z軸とが平行であるために、外積が求まらない場合には、前記投影面に設定するX軸又はY軸には、前記線状部材が置かれた座標系のX軸またはY軸と投影面法線との外積を採用する。
On the other hand, the projection area calculation means 4 can also adopt the area of a rectangular region inscribed in the projection image (image image or its linear shape) drawn on the projection surface as the projection area to be guided by it.
In the rectangular area, for example, a two-dimensional coordinate system consisting of an X axis and a Y axis is set on the projection surface, and then a foot of a perpendicular line drawn from the image or its linear nodes or pixels to the X axis and the Y axis is guided. At the same time, it can be defined as a rectangular area having the longest foot length with respect to each axis as vertical and horizontal sides that are orthogonal to each other.
The projected area calculation means 4 derives the area of the rectangular region from the vertical side and the lateral side derived as described above, and outputs it as the projected area on the projection plane (see the broken line rectangle in FIG. 5).
For the X axis or the Y axis of the projection surface, the outer product direction of the Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system in which the linear member is placed and the projection surface normal is adopted.
When the outer product cannot be obtained because the normal to the projection surface and the Z axis of the coordinate system are parallel, the coordinates where the linear member is placed are set on the X axis or the Y axis set on the projection surface. The outer product of the X-axis or Y-axis of the system and the projection plane normal is adopted.

前記イメージ画像選出手段5は、前記投影面積算出手段4で投影面積が導かれた仮想面又は法線(投影方向)のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する仮想面又はその法線を抽出するステップを行う。
当該ステップにおいて、前記イメージ画像選出手段5は、各仮想面の投影面積と前記投影面積の規定値(以下「規定面積」という)とを比較し、当該規定面積を上回る投影面積となる仮想面又はその法線のベクトルデータを保存する。
前記規定面積は、当該鉄筋の全表面積に対し所定割合を乗じた面積を採用しても良い。
The image image selecting means 5 extracts a virtual plane having a projection area larger than a predetermined value or a normal line from the virtual plane or the normal line (projection direction) to which the projection area is derived by the projection area calculating means 4. I do.
In the step, the image image selection means 5 compares the projected area of each virtual surface with a specified value of the projected area (hereinafter referred to as “specified area”), and the virtual surface having a projected area exceeding the specified area or Save the vector data for that normal.
The specified area may be an area obtained by multiplying the total surface area of the reinforcing bar by a predetermined ratio.

前記アングル決定手段6は、前記イメージ画像選出手段5により抽出された仮想面又はその法線のなかから出力する仮想面又はその法線を導くステップを行う。
その際、前記アングル決定手段6は、候補領域抽出手段7と、視線変更手段8と、前記投影面積算出手段4の処理結果を用いて出力するイメージ画像又はその視線を導く。
The angle determination unit 6 performs a step of deriving an output virtual plane or its normal line from the virtual plane or its normal line extracted by the image selection unit 5.
At this time, the angle determining means 6 guides the image image or its visual line to be output using the processing results of the candidate area extracting means 7, the line-of-sight changing means 8 and the projection area calculating means 4.

前記候補領域抽出手段7は、前記イメージ画像選出手段5により抽出された規定面積を超える投影面積を有する仮想面又はその法線から、更に、投影面積の大きさについて高順位にある規定数の仮想面又はその法線を抽出すると共に、それらの法線方向を平均した方向を中心(以下「投影中心軸」という)とする投影方向の規定範囲を導く。 The candidate area extracting means 7 selects from a virtual surface having a projected area exceeding the specified area extracted by the image selection means 5 or a normal line thereof, and further, a predetermined number of virtual areas having a high rank with respect to the size of the projected area. The surface or its normal is extracted, and a prescribed range of the projection direction centered on a direction obtained by averaging those normal directions (hereinafter referred to as “projection center axis”) is derived.

前記規定範囲は、例えば、前記投影中心軸と各投影方向との内積としてユーザーが予め指定することができる。
例えば、線状部材が置かれた三次元座標系のZ軸が前記投影中心軸である場合であって、内積の規定範囲を1.0から0.0の範囲とする場合には、Z軸と投影方向の内積を求めその値が1.0から0.0の範囲にある投影方向を抽出する。
その結果、座標系のXY平面を上位から眺めた状態として円形の規定範囲が設定されることとなる。
逆に、内積が0.0から−1.0の範囲とする場合には、座標系のXY平面を下位から眺めた状態として円形の規定範囲が設定されることとなる。
一方、内積の範囲を−1.0から1.0の範囲とする場合には、規定範囲を設けないこととなる。
The specified range can be specified in advance by the user as an inner product of the projection center axis and each projection direction, for example.
For example, when the Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system on which the linear member is placed is the projection center axis and the prescribed range of the inner product is 1.0 to 0.0, the Z axis is Then, the inner product of the projection directions is calculated, and the projection directions whose values are in the range of 1.0 to 0.0 are extracted.
As a result, the circular prescribed range is set in a state where the XY plane of the coordinate system is viewed from above.
On the other hand, when the inner product is in the range of 0.0 to −1.0, the circular specified range is set with the XY plane of the coordinate system viewed from the lower side.
On the other hand, when the range of the inner product is set to the range of -1.0 to 1.0, the specified range is not set.

前記視線変更手段8は、前記候補領域抽出手段7で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向を三次元的に段階的に変更する。
前記投影面積算出手段4は、段階的に変更された各投影方向による投影面積を導き、前記アングル決定手段6は、前記投影面積算出手段4で導かれた投影面積のなかから最も投影面積が大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導く。
例えば、その際、前記視線変更手段8は、前記候補領域抽出手段7で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向のそれぞれについて対となるすべての組合せを取り出し、全ての組合せについて対となる投影方向の間において、前記投影中心軸(図においては三次元座標系のX軸、Y軸及びZ軸)を中心として所定の単位角度で回転させるステップを繰り返し(図3参照)、前記投影面積算出手段4は、ステップ毎に投影面積を算出し、前記アングル決定手段6は、当該投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を抽出する処理を行う(図5参照)。
The line-of-sight changing unit 8 three-dimensionally changes the projection direction of the linear member arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the specified range guided by the candidate region extracting unit 7.
The projection area calculation unit 4 derives a projection area in each of the projection directions changed stepwise, and the angle determination unit 6 has the largest projection area among the projection areas derived by the projection area calculation unit 4. The projection direction is derived as the projection direction of the output image.
For example, at this time, the line-of-sight changing means 8 determines all combinations that form pairs in each of the projection directions of the linear members arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the specified range guided by the candidate area extracting means 7. Repeat the steps of taking out and rotating at a predetermined unit angle around the projection center axis (X axis, Y axis and Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system in the figure) between the paired projection directions for all combinations. (See FIG. 3) The projection area calculation unit 4 calculates the projection area for each step, and the angle determination unit 6 performs a process of extracting the projection direction having the largest projection area (see FIG. 5).

この様に、投影面積が規定面積を上回る投影方向について、投影面積が大きい方から上位の投影方向を導き、上位の投影方向から候補領域を導き、その領域において段階的に最良の投影方向を選出する前記アングル決定手段6を採ることによって、複数の仮想面が生じるように成形がなされた鉄筋についても、当該投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を最良の投影方向として効率よく決定することができる。 In this way, with respect to the projection direction in which the projected area exceeds the specified area, the upper projection direction is derived from the larger projection area, the candidate area is derived from the upper projection direction, and the best projection direction is selected stepwise in that area. By adopting the angle deciding means 6 as described above, it is possible to efficiently determine the projection direction having the largest projection area as the best projection direction even for the reinforcing bar formed so as to have a plurality of virtual surfaces.

前記アングル決定手段6で導いた投影方向で投影した線状部材を加工帳のイメージ欄に出力する場合、前記イメージ欄の縦横比に応じて投影方向を適宜回転させる嵌め込み手段を備える構造としてもよい(図6及び図7参照)。
当該嵌め込み手段を備えることによって、前記イメージ欄が縦長又は横長である場合に便宜となる。
When outputting the linear member projected in the projection direction guided by the angle determination means 6 to the image column of the workbook, the structure may include a fitting means for appropriately rotating the projection direction according to the aspect ratio of the image column. (See FIGS. 6 and 7).
By providing the fitting means, it becomes convenient when the image column is vertically long or horizontally long.

1 基準データベース,2 線状検証手段,3 法線検出手段,
4 投影面積算出手段,5 イメージ画像選出手段,6 アングル決定手段,
7 候補領域抽出手段,8 視線変更手段,
1 reference database, 2 linear verification means, 3 normal detection means,
4 projected area calculation means, 5 image image selection means, 6 angle determination means,
7 candidate area extracting means, 8 line-of-sight changing means,

Claims (7)

線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベースと、
当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段と、
前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段と、
前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段と、
前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えることを特徴とするイメージ画像出力装置。
A reference database having criteria for determining a virtual surface formed by the linear member or its normal,
Linear verification means for detecting the constituent elements of the linear member,
A normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database;
Projection area calculation means for deriving a projection area of the linear member whose projection direction is the normal direction guided by the normal detection means,
An image image output device comprising: an angle determining unit that guides a projection direction having the largest projection area as a projection direction of an image image to be output from the projection directions in which the projection area is calculated by the projection area calculation unit.
前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段と、
前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えることを特徴とする前記請求項1に記載のイメージ画像出力装置。
Image image selecting means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from among the projection directions in which the projection area is derived by the projection area calculating means;
2. The image image according to claim 1, further comprising an angle determining unit that guides the projection direction having the largest projection area from the projection directions extracted by the image image selection unit as the projection direction of the output image image. Output device.
線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベースと、
当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段と、
前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段と、
与えられた投影方向で当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段と、
前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向として前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段と、
前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積の大きさについて高順位にある規定数の投影方向を抽出すると共に、それらを平均した方向を中心とする規定範囲を導く候補領域抽出手段と、
前記候補領域抽出手段で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向を三次元的に段階的に変更する視線変更手段と、
前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向を採用して前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えることを特徴とするイメージ画像出力装置。
A reference database having criteria for determining a virtual surface formed by the linear member or its normal,
Linear verification means for detecting the constituent elements of the linear member,
A normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database;
Projection area calculation means for deriving a projection area of the linear member in a given projection direction,
An image image selecting means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from the projection directions in which the projection area is guided by the projection area calculation means, with the normal direction guided by the normal detection means as the projection direction. ,
From the projection directions extracted by the image image selecting means, a specified number of projection directions having a high rank with respect to the size of the projected area are extracted, and a candidate area is extracted to derive a specified range centered on the averaged direction. Means and
Line-of-sight changing means for stepwise changing the projection direction of the linear member arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system within a prescribed range guided by the candidate area extracting means,
An angle is determined by adopting the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means and guiding the projection direction having the largest projection area out of the projection directions having the projection area calculated by the projection area calculation means as the projection direction of the image. An image image output device comprising means.
前記投影面積算出手段は、与えられた投影方向での当該線状部材の投影像が内接する矩形の面積を前記投影面積として導くことを特徴とする前記請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載のイメージ画像出力装置。 4. The projected area calculation means derives, as the projected area, a rectangular area in which a projected image of the linear member in a given projection direction is inscribed, as the projected area. The image output device described. 線状部材の画像を出力するコンピュータに、
線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベース、
当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段、
前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段、
前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向とした当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、
前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として機能させることを特徴とするイメージ画像出力プログラム。
To the computer that outputs the image of the linear member,
A reference database having criteria for determining a virtual surface formed by a linear member or its normal line,
Linear verification means for detecting the constituent elements of the linear member,
Normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database,
Projection area calculation means for deriving a projection area of the linear member whose projection direction is the normal direction guided by the normal detection means,
The projection area calculating unit, which functions as an image image output device that includes an angle determining unit that guides the projection direction having the largest projection area out of the projection directions in which the projection area is derived as the projection direction of the image. Image image output program to do.
線状部材の画像を出力するコンピュータに、
線状部材が形作る仮想面又はその法線の決定基準を備える基準データベース、
当該線状部材の構成要素を検出する線状検証手段、
前記線状検証手段の検証結果と前記基準データベースに照らして前記仮想面の法線を検出する法線検出手段、
与えられた投影方向で当該線状部材の投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、
前記法線検出手段で導かれた法線方向を投影方向として前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから規定以上の投影面積を有する投影方向を抽出するイメージ画像選出手段、
前記イメージ画像選出手段により抽出された投影方向のなかから投影面積の大きさについて高順位にある規定数の投影方向を抽出すると共に、それらを平均した方向を中心とする規定範囲を導く候補領域抽出手段、
前記候補領域抽出手段で導かれた規定範囲内で三次元座標系に配置された線状部材の投影方向を三次元的に段階的に変更する視線変更手段、
前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向での投影面積を導く投影面積算出手段、
前記視線変更手段で与えられた投影方向を採用して前記投影面積算出手段で投影面積が導かれた投影方向のなかから投影面積が最も大きい投影方向を出力するイメージ画像の投影方向として導くアングル決定手段を備えるイメージ画像出力装置として機能させることを特徴とするイメージ画像出力プログラム。
To the computer that outputs the image of the linear member,
A reference database having criteria for determining a virtual surface formed by a linear member or its normal line,
Linear verification means for detecting the constituent elements of the linear member,
Normal detection means for detecting the normal of the virtual surface in light of the verification result of the linear verification means and the reference database,
Projection area calculation means for deriving a projection area of the linear member in a given projection direction,
An image image selecting means for extracting a projection direction having a projection area larger than a predetermined value from among the projection directions in which the projection area is guided by the projection area calculating means with the normal direction guided by the normal detection means as the projection direction,
From the projection directions extracted by the image image selecting means, a specified number of projection directions having a high rank with respect to the size of the projected area are extracted, and a candidate area is extracted to derive a specified range centered on the averaged direction. means,
Line-of-sight changing means for three-dimensionally changing the projection direction of the linear member arranged in the three-dimensional coordinate system within the specified range guided by the candidate area extracting means,
Projection area calculation means for deriving a projection area in the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means,
An angle is determined by adopting the projection direction given by the line-of-sight changing means and guiding the projection direction having the largest projection area out of the projection directions having the projection area calculated by the projection area calculation means as the projection direction of the image. An image image output program characterized by causing it to function as an image image output device having means.
線状部材の画像を出力するコンピュータに、
前記投影面積算出手段が、与えられた投影方向での当該線状部材の投影像が内接する矩形の面積を前記投影面積として導くイメージ画像出力装置として機能させることを特徴とする前記請求項5又は請求項6のいずれかに記載のイメージ画像出力プログラム。
To the computer that outputs the image of the linear member,
The projection area calculation means causes an image image output device for guiding, as the projection area, an area of a rectangle inscribed by a projection image of the linear member in a given projection direction. The image image output program according to claim 6.
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