JP6742255B2 - Press machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pressing device.

In some cases, a single product may be molded by using a plurality of molds having different mold shapes and sequentially performing molding a plurality of times. Conventionally, in order to perform such a forming process, a multi-step press device has been proposed in which a plurality of molds are provided in one press device so that molding of a plurality of steps can be performed at the same time (for example, see Patent Document 1). reference). In a multi-step press machine, at least some of the molds are located away from the center of the press.

JP, 10-166081, A

In the multi-step pressing apparatus as described above, if a plurality of molds are used at the same time, the center of the load generated in the plurality of molds approaches the center of the press, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a large eccentric load. However, for example, when molding the first one or the last one object to be molded, there is a step of molding using only the mold away from the center of the press. In such a case, a load is generated only in the mold away from the center of the press, which causes a problem that a large eccentric load is generated in the pressing device. When a large eccentric load is generated, the processing accuracy of the product is reduced, or the press device may be defective.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a press device that can suppress the occurrence of a large eccentric load in a press device provided with a plurality of molds.

The press device according to the present invention,
A first mold group used for a plurality of steps of the first molding process and a second mold group used for a plurality of steps of the second molding process are provided, and the first mold group is provided. A press device capable of applying a load to a mold group and the second mold group,
When viewed in the pressing direction, the first mold group and the second mold group are arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press interposed therebetween ,
Furthermore, a load determination unit that determines whether or not the load applied to the first mold group and the second mold group is within an allowable range,
The load determination unit was configured you determine whether or not the load on the basis of the total load and load center point in the two axial directions orthogonal to the pressing direction it is within the allowable range.

Further, the press device according to the present invention,
A first mold group used for a plurality of steps of the first molding process and a second mold group used for a plurality of steps of the second molding process are provided, and the first mold group is provided. A press device capable of applying a load to a mold group and the second mold group,
The first mold of the first mold group used in the n-th step (n is a natural number) of the first molding process and the n-th process of the second molding process The first die of the second die group and the first die are arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press interposed therebetween, as viewed in the press direction,
A second mold of the first mold group used in the (n+1)th step of the first molding process, and the second mold used in the (n+1)th process of the second molding process. The second mold of the group is arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press as seen in the press direction ,
Furthermore, a load determination unit that determines whether or not the load applied to the first mold group and the second mold group is within an allowable range,
The load determination unit was configured you determine whether or not the load on the basis of the total load and load center point in the two axial directions orthogonal to the pressing direction it is within the allowable range.

According to the die arrangement structure of the pressing device or the forging press of the present invention, it is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing the generation of a large eccentric load in a pressing device provided with a plurality of dies.

It is a block diagram of the press device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the allowable load value data memorize|stored in the press apparatus of embodiment. It is a top view which shows the example of arrangement|positioning of a 1st metal mold|die group and a 2nd metal mold|die group, (A)-(C) shows the 1st example-3rd example. It is a top view showing an example of arrangement of the 1st metallic mold group and the 2nd metallic mold group, and (A)-(C) shows the 4th example-the 6th example. It is a flow chart which shows the procedure of press processing. (A) is a figure explaining the load which arises by one molding process, when the metal molds of a 1st metal mold group are used one by one, (B) is a metal mold of a 1st metal mold group, and 2nd. It is a figure explaining the load which arises by the molding process of 1 time, when the metal mold|die of the metal mold group is used by a pair. It is a flow chart which shows the procedure of load warning processing.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a press device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating allowable load value data stored in the press device of the embodiment.

The press device 1 of the present embodiment is a forging press device that performs forging, and includes a bed 23, a plurality of uprights 22, a crown 21, a bolster 24, a slide 18, a drive unit 100, a plurality of load cells 30, a control panel 40. And manipulators (corresponding to an example of a transport unit) 51 and 52. The control panel 40 includes an allowable load value data storage unit 41, an alarm unit 42 that outputs an alarm, and a control unit 43 that controls the drive unit 100 and the manipulators 51 and 52. The control unit 43 also functions as a load determination unit according to the present invention.

The bed 23, the uprights 22 and the crown 21 form a frame portion of the press device 1. The bed 23, the plurality of uprights 22 and the crown 21 are fastened to each other by passing a tie rod 25a inside and tightening the tie rod nut 25b. Four guides 19 (see FIG. 2) are provided on each of the four uprights 22 arranged in the front, rear, left, and right. The slide 18 is supported by four guides 19 so as to be movable back and forth in the vertical direction.

The upper portion U of each of the molds 20A and 20B is fixed to the lower portion of the slide 18. The bolster 24 is a component to which the lower parts D of the molds 20A and 20B are fixed, and is supported by the bed 23. The upper portion U and the lower portion D of the molds 20A and 20B are arranged so as to face each other and come close to each other when the slide 18 descends. When the object to be molded is placed in the molds 20A and 20B, the slide 18 descends to press the object to be molded in the mold spaces of the molds 20A and 20B, and the object to be molded is forged. ..

The drive unit 100 includes a motor 11, a transmission shaft 12, a speed reducer 13, an eccentric shaft 14, and a connecting rod 15. The drive unit 100 is supported by a frame unit such as the crown 21. When the motor 11 is driven, the rotational motion of the motor 11 is transmitted in the order of the transmission shaft 12, the speed reducer 13, and the eccentric shaft 14, and the rotational motion of the eccentric shaft 14 is converted into the translational motion of the slide 18 via the connecting rod 15. To be done. As a result, the slide 18 moves back and forth in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the load cell 30 is provided in each of the front two uprights 22 and the rear two uprights 22, and for example, measures the strain amount of each upright 22 to measure each upright. The load applied to 22 is measured. The load cells 30 output each measurement result to the control unit 43.

In the manipulators 51 and 52, the bolster 24 and the slide 18 are separated from each other, and the molding target is loaded into the molds 20A and 20B, the molding target is transported between the plurality of molds 20A and 20B, and the mold 20A , 20B to collect the molding target. The two manipulators 51, 52 are arranged so as to be accessible to the molds 20A, 20B from two different directions such as the front and the rear of the press device 1, respectively.

As shown in the allowable load value graph in the X direction and the allowable load value graph in the Y direction of FIG. 2, the allowable load value data storage unit 41 displays the allowable load value corresponding to each position in the biaxial direction of the load center. Remember the passed data.

The allowable load value graph in the X direction of FIG. 2 represents the relationship between the position of the load center in the X direction and the allowable load value that the press device 1 can withstand. The allowable load value graph in the Y direction in FIG. 2 represents the relationship between the position of the load center in the Y direction and the allowable load value that the press machine 1 can withstand. "Load center" means the center of gravity of the load. As an example, it is assumed that the load F is applied between the slide 18 and the bolster 24, and the center of the load F is an arbitrary position P _F (X _F , Y _F ) as shown in FIG. In this case, the load F does not exceed the allowable load value F _thX (X _F ) corresponding to the position X _F in the X direction, and the allowable load value F _thY (Y _F ) corresponding to the position Y _F in the Y direction. If it does not exceed, it is indicated that the load F is within the allowable range of the press machine 1.

As shown in the two graphs in FIG. 2, the allowable load value, the load center position is high in the near range of the press center P _C, lower by far range from the press center P _C. Further, the decrease rate of the allowable load value with respect to the eccentricity of the load is larger in the Y direction than in the X direction. The X direction is the axial direction of the eccentric shaft 14, and is the direction in which the two connecting rods 15 are arranged.

Here, the “press center P _C ”represents the center position of the slide 18 on a plane orthogonal to the forward/backward direction of the slide 18, and corresponds to the center of a quadrangle connecting the centers of the four uprights 22. In the figure, _{"P CX"} represents the X-direction position of the press center _{P C, "P CY"} represents the position in the Y direction of the press center _{P C.}

In the example of the allowable load value data in FIG. 2, the allowable load value in the X direction does not depend on the position in the Y direction, and the allowable load value in the Y direction does not depend on the position in the X direction. However, as the allowable load value data, data in which the allowable load value is represented by two-dimensional coordinates in the X direction and the Y direction may be adopted.

<Mold arrangement structure>
FIGS. 3 and 4 show examples of arrangement of the first mold group and the second mold group, and FIGS. 3(A) to 3(C) and FIGS. 4(A) to 4( The top view of the 1st example-6th example is shown in C). In the present specification, the configuration in which the upper portion U and the lower portion D are combined is counted as one mold.

In the press device 1 of the present embodiment, a first mold group GA used in a plurality of steps of molding processing of the A product (corresponding to the first molding processing) and molding processing of the B product (second molding group). A second mold group GB used in a plurality of steps (corresponding to molding process) is provided. As the A product and the B product, for example, a pair of products having the same size and shape such as the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, the same load is generated in the molding process in the same order, and the required number of products are the same. Good to apply. The number of molding steps of the molding process of the A product is equal to the number of molding steps of the molding process of the B product, which are included in the plurality of molds 20A included in the first mold group GA and the second mold group GB. The number of molds 20B is the same.

In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the plurality of molds 20A of the first mold group GA are processed in the order of the molding process of the product A “A1, A2”, “A1, A2, A3” or “A1, A2, A3”. , A4”. Similarly, for the plurality of molds 20B of the second mold group GB, the process sequence of the B product molding process is "B1, B2", "B1, B2, B3", "B1, B2, B3, B4". Is written. 3(A) and 3(B) are each a two-step molding process, FIG. 3(C) and FIG. 4(A) are each a three-step molding process, and FIG. (C) shows the case where each molding step is four steps.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, as viewed in the pressing direction, a first tool group GA and the second mold group GB, are arranged in opposite direction to each other across the press center P _C. The pressing direction corresponds to the direction in which the pair of molds 20A approach each other, that is, the direction in which the slide 18 advances and retracts. In the first mold group GA, the plurality of molds 20A may be arranged in the order of steps as shown in FIGS. 3(A) to 3(C), 4(A), and (B). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4C, the order of the steps may be different. Similarly, in the second mold group GB, the plurality of molds 20B are arranged in the order of steps as shown in FIGS. 3(A) to 3(C), 4(A), and (B). Good as Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4C, the order of the steps may be different. However, the order of the plurality of molds 20A of the first tool group GA, and the order of the second plurality of die 20B of the die group GB, symmetrical arrangement around the press center P _C Ordered.

Further, the die arrangement structure of this embodiment can be regarded as follows. That is, the die 20A in the n-th step of the first die group GA and the die 20B in the n-th step of the second die group GB are seen from the press center P when viewed in the press direction. They are arranged opposite to each other with _C in between. n represents each natural number from 1 to Nf, and Nf represents the total number of molding processes of each product carried out by the press machine 1.

More specifically, a plurality of molds 20A of the first tool group GA, and the second plurality of die 20B of the die group GB, symmetry (point symmetry both around the press center P _C Say) position. Also, among the first tool group GA and the second mold group GB, the pair of molds 20A used in the process of the same order, 20B are positioned symmetrically around the press center P _C Will be placed. The steps in the same order are, for example, a pair of steps such as "A1" and "B1", "A2" and "B2", "A3" and "B3", "A4" and "B4".

The symmetrical arrangement around the press center P _C is such that the die 20A in the nth step of the first die group GA and the die 20B in the nth step of the second die group GB are arranged. Is suitable for a configuration that produces loads of approximately the same magnitude. On the other hand, when the mold 20A of the nth process of the first mold group GA and the mold 20B of the nth process of the second mold group GB generate loads of different sizes, whichever load is smaller, than towards the load is large, may be arranged farther from the press center P _C.

<Press processing>
Next, the operation of the press device 1 will be described by taking as an example the case where the die arrangement structure of FIG. 3C is adopted. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the press process executed by the control unit.

In the pressing process of the present embodiment, the molding process for the A product and the molding process for the B product are performed in parallel. First, the control unit 43 controls the manipulators 51 and 52 so that each of the molds 20A and 20B in the first step “A1” and “B1” has a molded object (corresponding to the first and second molded objects). ) Is input (step S1). Then, the control unit 43 executes one molding process for raising and lowering the slide 18 (step S2).

In step S2, a load is applied to the "A1" mold 20A and the "B1" mold 20B. Each of these loads, but occurs at a position away from the press center P _C, above the mold 20A, the arrangement of 20B, the center of the overall load occurring in the slide 18, press the center P _C or located in the vicinity thereof The occurrence of a large eccentric load can be avoided.

Next, the control unit 43 controls the manipulator 51 to convey the object to be molded from the mold 20A of the previous process “A1” of the first mold group GA to the mold 20A of the next process “A2”. (Step S3). Further, the control unit 43 controls the manipulator 52 to convey the object to be molded from the mold 20B of the previous process “B1” of the second mold group GB to the mold 20B of the next process “B2” ( Step S4). The control unit 43 may simultaneously perform the processes of step S3 and step S4 in parallel.

When the transportation is completed, the control unit 43 executes one molding control for raising and lowering the slide 18 (step S5).

Subsequently, the control unit 43 determines whether or not the molding process for the A product and the molding process for the B product include the next step (step S6). If yes, the loop process of steps S3 to S5 is performed. Repeat for the next step. In the case of the die arrangement shown in FIG. 3C, the loop processing of steps S3 to S5 is repeatedly executed up to the third step.

During molding in the second step in the above loop processing, a load is applied to the “A2” mold 20A and the “B2” mold 20B. Each of these loads occurs at a position away from the press center P _C, but the center of the overall load generated on the slide 18 is located at or near the press center P _C due to the arrangement structure of the molds 20A and 20B described above. The occurrence of a large eccentric load can be avoided.

Similarly, a load is applied to the “A3” mold 20A and the “B3” mold 20B during the molding in the third step. Each of these loads, but occurs at a position away from the press center P _C, above the mold 20A, the arrangement of 20B, the center of the overall load occurring in the slide 18, press the center P _C or located in the vicinity thereof The occurrence of a large eccentric load can be avoided.

Then, when the final step of the molding process is completed, the control unit 43 controls the manipulator 52 to collect the molding target from the molds 20A and 20B in the final step (step S7).

By repeating the press processing of steps S1 to S7, a plurality of sets of A product and B product are manufactured.

<Details of load generated on slide>
FIG. 6(A) is a diagram for explaining the load generated in one molding process when the molds of the first mold group are used one by one, and FIG. 6(B) is the mold of the first mold group. It is a figure explaining the load which arises in one molding processing when a mold and a mold of the 2nd mold group are used by a pair. Here, the load generated on the slide 18 will be described in detail, taking the mold arrangement structure of FIG. 3C as an example.

It is assumed that each of the molds 20A (“A1” to “A3”) of the first mold group GA is used one by one in order to mold a molding target. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6(A), the load generated in the molding in each of the steps "A1" to "A3" is the load F1 that pressurizes one molding target, which is half the maximum allowable load. It is the following. However, the load center is at a position corresponding to the arrangement of the three molds 20A, and when viewed in the X direction, the load centers of the first step "A1" and the third step "A3" are the press center _PCX in the X direction. It greatly deviates. Allowable load value, since the load center is lowered becomes further from the press center P _C, load generated at the molding of the first step as "A1" third step "A3" is exceeds the allowable load value. A similar situation occurs in the Y direction.

On the other hand, in the press processing of the present embodiment, two dies are simultaneously formed by using the die 20A in the nth step of the first die group GA and the die 20B in the nth step of the second die group GB. The object to be molded is molded. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6(B), the total load becomes the load F2 that presses the two objects to be molded, and is close to the maximum allowable load. However, since the load center approaches the press center PCX in the X direction, it does not exceed the allowable load value. Similar effects can be obtained in the Y direction.

<Load warning processing>
Next, the load warning process executed by the control unit 43 will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the load warning process.

The control unit 43 executes the load warning process in parallel with the press process of FIG. The control unit 43 determines whether or not one molding process is started in the press process (step S11), and when started, shifts the process to the subsequent loop process (steps S12 to S18). When proceeding to the loop processing, first, the control unit 43 inputs the measured values P1 to P4 of the four load cells 30 (step S12), and calculates the total load F from these (step S13). Next, the control unit 43 calculates the position X _F of the load center in the X direction and the position Y _F of the load center in the Y direction (steps S14 and S15). These calculation formulas are as described in steps S13 to S15 of FIG. Constant b in the equation, as shown in FIG. 2 represents the distance between the center and the press center P _CX one upright 22 in the X direction, the constant a, one upright in the Y direction 22 _Represents the distance between the center of P and the press center P _CY .

These calculations, based on the four load measurements P1~P4 generated upright 22, the load center position and the total load F is applied to the slide 18 (X _{F, Y F)} and is determined.

Then, the control unit 43 controls the allowable load value data storage unit 41 to determine the allowable load value F _thX (X _F ) corresponding to the load center position X _F in the X direction and the allowable load value Y _F in the Y direction. The load value F _thY (Y _F ) is read. Then, the control unit 43 determines whether or not the total load F exceeds one of the allowable load values F _thX (X _F ) and F _thY (Y _F ) in the biaxial directions (steps S16 and S17). Then, if the total load F is less than or equal to both allowable load values, the control unit 43 determines whether or not one molding process has been completed (step S18). If not, the process returns to step S12 to loop processing. repeat. On the other hand, if the total load F exceeds one or both of the allowable load values, the control unit 43 shifts the processing to error processing. In the error processing, the control unit 43 may perform control such as operating the alarm unit 42 or driving the motor 11 so that the load of the slide 18 is reduced.

As described above, according to the pressing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the plurality of molds 20A and 20B for forming the two products are provided, so that one product can be formed by the two processes in a plurality of steps. be able to. Furthermore, according to the die arrangement structure of the present embodiment, by using the die 20A of the first die group GA and the die 20B of the second die group GB at the same time, Generation of a large eccentric load on the slide 18 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to perform the molding process of the two products while preventing the accuracy of the molding from being lowered and applying an unreasonable load to each part of the press device 1.

Furthermore, the press apparatus 1 of this embodiment, a first tool group GA and the second tool group GB are also disposed at a position deviated in the Y direction from the press center P _C. Since the press device 1 is weaker against the eccentric load in the Y direction than in the X direction, when the die arrangement structure as described above is adopted, it is monitored whether the eccentric load in the Y direction exceeds the allowable value. Good. Therefore, according to the press device 1 of the present embodiment, the load meter 30 is provided in each of the plurality of uprights 22 arranged in the X direction and the Y direction, and the control unit 43 sets the measured values of the plurality of load meters 30. Based on this, the load center position in the X and Y directions is obtained. Further, the control unit 43 compares the allowable load value in the biaxial directions of the X direction and the Y direction with the load according to the load center position, and monitors whether the load exceeds the allowable load value. Thus, even if a relatively large eccentric load in the Y direction is generated due to some error, it can be detected and appropriately dealt with.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the die arrangement structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the die 20A in the nth step of the first die group GA and the die 20B in the nth step of the second die group GB are , an example which is placed symmetrically around the press center P _C. However, the pair of molds 20A and 20B may be arranged at positions slightly deviated from the symmetrical position in the X direction and the Y direction. In other words, as long as the eccentric load does not exceed the allowable load value, the pair of molds 20A and 20B may be slightly displaced from the symmetrical position.

Further, the mold arrangement of the above embodiment, a first tool group GA and the second tool group GB is an example disposed opposite direction to each other across the press center P _C. However, for example, the positions of the mold 20A in the “A2” process and the mold 20B in the “B2” process in FIG. According to such an arrangement, when the object to be molded is conveyed in the first mold group GA or the second mold group GB, the smoothness of the conveyance is relatively lowered. However, due to the same effect as that shown in the embodiment, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a large eccentric load during the molding process.

Further, in the mold arrangement structure of the above-described embodiment, the order of the molds 20A from the first process to the last process of the first mold group GA and the order from the first process to the last process of the second mold group GB. and order of the mold 20B the showed example is symmetrical about the press center P _C. However, for example, in FIG. 4A, the mold 20A in the “A2, A3” process may be left unchanged, and the mold 20B in the “B2” process and the mold 20B in the “B3” process may be interchanged. With this arrangement, an eccentric load in the X direction is generated during the molding in the "A2" and "B2" steps and the molding in the "A3" and "B3" steps, but the eccentric load in the Y direction can be suppressed. it can. Therefore, if the eccentric load in the X direction does not exceed the allowable load value, no inconvenience occurs in the pressing process.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the A product and the B product are different products has been described, but the A product and the B product may be the same product. In this case, the mold 20A used in the nth step of molding the A product and the mold 20B used in the nth step of the molding of the B product have the same mold shape. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the press device that advances and retracts the slide by driving the motor has been described as an example, but various configurations such as a configuration using a cylinder piston and fluid pressure are applied to the configuration that drives the slide. It is possible. Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a forging press device is shown, but the present invention may be applied to, for example, a press device for sheet metal or resin molding. In addition, the details shown in the embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 Pressing device 18 Slides 20A, 20B Mold 22 Upright 30 Load meter 41 Allowable load value data storage 42 Alarm unit 43 Control unit GA First mold group GB Second mold group

Claims (5)

A first mold group used for a plurality of steps of the first molding process and a second mold group used for a plurality of steps of the second molding process are provided, and the first mold group is provided. A press device capable of applying a load to a mold group and the second mold group,
When viewed in the pressing direction, the first mold group and the second mold group are arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press interposed therebetween ,
Furthermore, a load determination unit that determines whether or not the load applied to the first mold group and the second mold group is within an allowable range,
The load determining unit, the press device you determine whether or not the load on the basis of the total load and load center point in the two axial directions orthogonal to the pressing direction is within the allowable range. A first mold group used for a plurality of steps of the first molding process and a second mold group used for a plurality of steps of the second molding process are provided, and the first mold group is provided. A press device capable of applying a load to a mold group and the second mold group,
The first mold of the first mold group used in the n-th step (n is a natural number) of the first molding process and the n-th process of the second molding process The first die of the second die group and the first die are arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press interposed therebetween, as viewed in the press direction,
A second mold of the first mold group used in the (n+1)th step of the first molding process, and the second mold used in the (n+1)th process of the second molding process. The second mold of the group is arranged opposite to each other with the center of the press as seen in the press direction ,
Furthermore, a load determination unit that determines whether or not the load applied to the first mold group and the second mold group is within an allowable range,
The load determining unit, the press device you determine whether or not the load on the basis of the total load and load center point in the two axial directions orthogonal to the pressing direction is within the allowable range. The first mold group and the second mold group are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the press when viewed in the pressing direction,
The press device according to claim 1 or 2. A pair of dies used in the same order of steps of the first die group and the second die group are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the press center as viewed in the press direction. The
The press device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A transport unit that transports the molded object,
A control unit for controlling the transport unit,
The control unit is
The carrying section puts a first object to be molded into a first mold of the first mold group used in the n-th step (n is a natural number) of the first molding process, and The second object to be molded is controlled so as to be charged into the first mold of the second mold group used in the n-th step of the second molding process,
After the molding control in one step, the transport unit transfers the first mold from the first mold of the first mold group to the first mold group used in the next step. transported to a second mold, and a second mold of said second tool group from the first mold of said second tool group used the second object to be molded in the next step Control to transport to,
The press device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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