JP6740963B2 - Joining method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a joining method for joining metallic members by friction stir welding.

Friction stir welding (FSW) is known as a method of joining metal members to each other. Friction stir welding is a method in which the rotating tool is rotated and moved along the abutting portion between the metal members, and the frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member causes the metal in the abutting portion to plastically flow to solidify the metallic members. It is to join the phases.

For example, in the joining method according to Patent Document 1, after overlay welding is performed on the inner corners of the metal members that are abutted in an L-shaped cross section, friction stir welding is performed from the outer corners of the metal members. ..

JP, 2010-284704, A

However, in the conventional friction stir welding method, overlay welding is performed on the inner corners of the metal members, so that there is a problem that contamination occurs on the inner corners.

From such a point of view, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joining method capable of preventing contamination from occurring at inner corners of metal members and enhancing watertightness and airtightness.

In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is a joining method, in which a plate-shaped first metal member in which a step portion is formed on the back surface of the end portion is prepared, and a plate-shaped second metal member is provided. A preparation step of preparing, a step bottom surface of the step portion of the first metal member, and an end surface of the second metal member are abutted to form a first abutting portion, and a step side surface of the step portion, Two butting step of butting the first side surface of the metal member to form a second butting portion, inserting the stirring pin of the rotary tool from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface of the second metal member, An outer corner friction stir step of relatively rotating the rotating tool along the first butting portion to friction stir and weld the first butting portion, and along the first butting portion to the surface of the first metal member. An auxiliary member arranging step of arranging the auxiliary member so as to be in surface contact, the stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and the rotary tool is relatively moved along the first abutting portion, A first butt friction friction stir step of friction stir welding the butt portion. In the first butt friction friction stir step, only the stirring pin is used for the first metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member. The first butting portion is friction stir welded while being in contact with the second metal member and the auxiliary member.

Further, the present invention is a joining method, which includes a step of preparing a plate-shaped first metal member in which a step portion is formed on the back surface of the end, and a step of preparing a plate-shaped second metal member, The step bottom surface of the step portion of the first metal member and the end surface of the second metal member are butted to form a first butting portion, and the step side surface of the step portion and the first side surface of the second metal member. A butting step of butting and forming a second butting portion, and the stirring pin of the second rotary tool having a shoulder portion and a stirring pin from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface of the second metal member. Inserted, in a state where the shoulder portion is in contact with the first metal member and the second metal member, the second rotating tool is relatively moved along the first butting portion, the first butting portion. An outer corner friction stir step of friction stir welding, an auxiliary member disposing step of disposing an auxiliary member along the first butting portion so as to make surface contact with the surface of the first metal member, and a surface side of the auxiliary member Insert a stirring pin of the first rotating tool from, the first rotating tool is relatively moved along the first butting portion, the first butting portion friction stir step of friction stir welding the first butting portion, In the first butting portion friction stir step, only the stirring pin of the first rotary tool is the first metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member, the second metal member and the auxiliary member. The first abutting portion is friction stir welded in a state of being in contact with.

According to this joining method, since welding is not performed on the inner corners of the metal members, it is possible to prevent contamination from occurring.
Further, since the friction stir welding is performed on the first butting portion from two directions, watertightness and airtightness can be improved.
Further, by providing the stepped portion, it is possible to prevent the positional deviation between the first metal member and the second metal member in the butting process.
Further, by joining the first metal member and the second metal member, and by simultaneously friction stir welding the auxiliary member in addition to the first metal member and the second metal member, it is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joining portion. it can.
Moreover, when only the stirring pin is inserted, the load on the friction stirrer can be reduced. Further, when the friction stir welding is performed with the shoulder portions in contact with each other, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs.

Further, it is preferable that the method further includes a removing step of removing the auxiliary member on which the burr is formed from the first metal member.
According to such a joining method, the burr generated by the friction stir welding can be removed from the metal member together with the auxiliary member, so that the step of removing the burr becomes easy.

Further, in the first butting portion friction stirring process, when the stirring pin is inserted in the center portion of the auxiliary member, or in the first butting portion friction stirring process, the first rotation is performed at the center portion of the auxiliary member. When the stirring pin of the tool is inserted, it is possible to more reliably prevent metal shortage at the joint.

Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member is used as the reference line, in the first butting portion friction stir step, the rotation center axis of the rotary tool and the reference line are used. The rotating tool may be moved relative to each other so as to overlap with each other, and the welding conditions may be set so that burrs generated by friction stir welding are formed on the auxiliary member.
Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member is used as a reference line, in the first butting portion friction stirring process, the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool and the The first rotating tool may be relatively moved so that the reference line may be overlapped, and welding conditions may be set so that burrs generated by friction stir welding are formed on the auxiliary member.
By doing so, the work of removing burrs can be performed more easily.

Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member is used as a reference line, in the first butting portion friction stirring process, after performing friction stirring, the rotation tool To the extent that the auxiliary member remains only on one side, the rotational center axis of the rotary tool is slightly displaced from the reference line to the center side of the auxiliary member to relatively move the rotary tool and remain. The joining conditions may be set so that burrs are formed on the auxiliary member.
Further, when a line that passes through the end face of the auxiliary member and is orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member is used as a reference line, in the first butting portion friction stirring process, after the friction stirring, the first rotation is performed. To the extent that the auxiliary member remains only on one side of the tool, the center axis of rotation of the first rotary tool is slightly displaced from the reference line to the center side of the auxiliary member, and the first rotary tool is relatively moved. The joining condition may be set so that the auxiliary member is moved and a burr is formed on the remaining auxiliary member.
By doing so, the work of removing the burr can be performed more easily, and the metal shortage at the joint portion can be prevented more reliably.

Further, in the outer corner friction stir step, when the first butting portion is friction stir welded with only the stir pin in contact with the first metal member and the second metal member, a friction stirrer is used. It is possible to reduce the load on the.

Further, before performing the outer corner friction stir step or the first butt section friction stir step, from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface side of the second metal member to the first butt section. It is preferable to further include an outer corner temporary joining step of performing spot temporary attachment.
In addition, before performing the outer corner friction stir step or the first butt section friction stir step, the second corner is formed from the inner corner formed by the back surface of the first metal member and the first side surface of the second metal member. It is preferable to further include an inner corner temporary joining step of performing spot temporary attachment to the abutting portion.
According to this joining method, since the first metal member and the second metal member can be temporarily fixed, it is possible to prevent the openings in the first butting portion friction stir process and the outer corner friction stir process.

According to the joining method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of contamination at the inner corners of the metal members and to improve the watertightness and airtightness.

It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation process and a matching process which concern on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view showing a tab material arranging step according to the first embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an outer corner friction stir process concerning a first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the outer corner friction stirring process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the auxiliary member arrangement process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the auxiliary member arrangement process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a sectional view showing after the 1st butt section friction stir process concerning a first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an outer corner temporary joining process concerning a modification of a first embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an inner corner temporary joining process concerning a modification of a first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the outer corner friction stirring process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the outer corner friction stirring process which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the outer corner friction stirring process which concerns on the modification of 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows before the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows before the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 5th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 5th embodiment. It is a sectional view showing after the 1st butt section friction stir process concerning a 5th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st butt part friction stirring process which concerns on 6th embodiment.

[First embodiment]
The joining method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are abutted in an L shape and joined. The joining method according to the first embodiment includes a preparation step, a butting step, a tab material arranging step, an outer corner friction stir step, an auxiliary member disposing step, a first butting part friction stir step, and a removing step, I do. In the following description, "front surface" means the surface opposite to the "back surface".

The preparation step is a step of preparing the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG. The first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are plate-shaped metal members.
The materials of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are appropriately selected from friction stirrable metals such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy.
A step portion 11 is formed on the back surface 1c at the end of the first metal member 1. The step portion 11 is composed of a step bottom surface 11a and a step side surface 11b rising vertically from the step bottom surface 11a. The width dimension of the step bottom surface 11 a is the same as the plate thickness dimension of the second metal member 2.

The abutting step is a step of abutting the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 in an L shape, as shown in FIG.
In the butting process, the end face 2a of the second metal member 2 is butted against the step bottom surface 11a of the first metal member 1 to form the first butting portion J1, and the step side surface 11b is provided with the first side surface 2b of the second metal member 2. The second butting portion J2 is formed by butting. The end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the second side surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are flush with each other. An inner corner is formed by the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the first side surface 2b of the second metal member 2.

The tab material arranging step is a step of arranging the tab materials T, T on both ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG. 2 (only one is drawn in FIG. 2).
The tab material T is a plate-shaped metal member made of the same material as the first metal member 1. The plate thickness dimension of the tab material T is the same as the plate thickness dimension of the first metal member 1.
In the tab material arranging step, the side surface of the tab material T is abutted against the side surface 1d of the first metal member 1 and the abutting portion is welded. The front surface Ta of the tab material T and the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1 are flush with each other, and the back surface Tb of the tab material T and the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 are flush with each other. Further, the side surface Tc of the tab material T and the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 are flush with each other.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer corner friction stir step is a step of inserting the first rotary tool F from the outer corner and friction stir welding the first butting portion J1. The outer corner means the opposite side of the inner corner, and in the first embodiment, it is composed of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1, the end surface 1a, and the second side surface 2c of the second metal member 2.
The first rotary tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2, and is made of, for example, tool steel. The connecting portion F1 is a portion attached to a friction stirrer (not shown) and has a cylindrical shape. The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1.

A spiral groove is engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the first embodiment, since the first rotary tool F is rotated clockwise, the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise from the base end of the stirring pin F2 toward the tip thereof.
When the first rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, it is preferable that the spiral groove is formed clockwise as it goes from the base end to the tip of the stirring pin F2.
By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal that has been plastically fluidized during frictional stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the amount of metal overflowing to the outside of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be reduced.

In the outer corner friction stir process, as shown in FIG. 3, the first rotating tool F rotated clockwise is inserted at the start position Sp set on the side surface Tc of the tab material T, and the first rotating tool F is inserted from the front side to the back side in FIG. The first rotary tool F is relatively moved toward the first butting portion J1. A plasticized region W2 is formed on the movement trajectory of the first rotary tool F. As shown in FIG. 4, the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 may be set appropriately.

The first rotary tool F is preferably attached to a robot arm having a drive unit such as a spindle unit at its tip. Thereby, the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool F can be easily inclined when the outer corner friction stir process is performed.

The auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 4 on the first metal member 1 in an overlapping manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
The auxiliary member 4 is a planar plate-shaped member. The auxiliary member 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal capable of friction stirring, but in the first embodiment, it is made of the same material as the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2.
The plate thickness of the auxiliary member 4 is appropriately set so that metal does not run short in the plasticized region W1 (see FIG. 9) after the first butting portion friction stir step described later. The planar shape of the auxiliary member 4 is the same as the end surface 2 a of the second metal member 2.

In the auxiliary member disposing step, the auxiliary member 4 is superposed on the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1 so that the back surface 4b of the auxiliary member 4 comes into surface contact with the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1. In addition, the auxiliary member 4 is arranged along the first butting portion J1. Further, the side edge portion of the auxiliary member 4 is arranged so as to match the side edge portion of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1. As a result, the auxiliary member 4 is arranged immediately above the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first butting portion friction stirring step is a step of inserting the first rotating tool F from the surface 4a of the auxiliary member 4 and friction stir welding the first butting portion J1.
In the first butting portion friction stir process, as shown in FIG. 7, the first rotating tool F rotated clockwise is inserted at the start position Sp set on the surface Ta of the tab material T, and the first rotating tool F is inserted from the front side of FIG. The first rotary tool F is relatively moved along the second metal member 2 toward the side.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the insertion depth of the first rotary tool F is set so that the stirring pin F2 contacts the auxiliary member 4, the first metal member 1, and the second metal member 2. ing. That is, only the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the auxiliary member 4, the first metal member 1, and the second metal member 2, and the surface 4a of the auxiliary member 4 and the connecting portion F1 are moved while being separated from each other. In other words, the friction stir welding is performed with the base end of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
The insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 may be set so as to contact only the first metal member 1. In this case, frictional heat between the stirring pin F2 and the first metal member 1 plastically fluidizes and joins around the first butting portion J1.

Then, when the auxiliary member 4, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are in contact with the stirring pin F2, the first rotary tool F is relatively moved along the first butting portion J1. 4, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are friction stir welded. In the first embodiment, the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the center portion (the center portion in the left-right direction) of the surface 4a of the auxiliary member 4 and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2.
A plasticized region W1 is formed on the movement trajectory of the first rotary tool F. In the first embodiment, the plasticized region W1 and the plasticized region W2 are set to overlap with each other, but the plasticized region W1 and the plasticized region W2 may be separated from each other.

After the first butting portion friction stirring process, as shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary member 4 is divided by the plasticized region W1. Further, burrs V, V are formed at the ends of the divided auxiliary members 4, 4.
As shown in FIG. 10, the removing step is a step of removing the divided auxiliary members 4 and 4 from the first metal member 1. In the removal step, the auxiliary members 4 are removed from the first metal member 1 by bending the divided auxiliary members 4 and 4 in a direction away from the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 by, for example, manual work. Further, when the removing step is completed, the tab material T (see FIG. 2) is cut off.

According to the joining method according to the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 8, welding is not performed from the inner corners of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, and friction stir welding is performed from the outer corners. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of contamination at the inner corners of the metal members.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, since the friction stir welding is performed on the first abutting portion J1 from two directions, watertightness and airtightness can be enhanced.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, by providing the step portion 11, it is possible to prevent the positional deviation between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 in the butting process. it can.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, since only the stirring pin F2 is inserted, the load on the friction stirrer can be reduced.

In the first embodiment, the first rotary tool F that performs the outer corner friction stir process and the first rotary tool F that performs the first butt friction stir process are the same rotary tool. Different rotating tools may be used in the outer corner friction stir process and the first butting part friction stir process, but when the same rotating tool is used, it is not necessary to replace the rotating tool in each process. The efficiency can be increased.

Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, Then, the auxiliary member 4 is also friction stir welded at the same time to prevent metal shortage at the joint. Furthermore, by inserting the stirring pin F2 into the central portion of the auxiliary member 4, it is possible to more reliably prevent metal shortage at the joint portion.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, the burr V can be removed from the first metal member 1 together with the auxiliary member 4 in the removing step as shown in FIG. It will be easy.

Although the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the outer corner friction stir step shown in FIG. 3, auxiliary members are arranged on the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the second side surface 2c of the second metal member 2, and the stirring pin F2 is inserted from the surface of the auxiliary member. May be.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the outer corner temporary joining step may be performed before the outer corner friction stir step. In the outer corner temporary joining step, the first rotary tool F is inserted from the end face 1a of the first metal member 1 and the second side face 2c of the second metal member 2, and the stirring pin F2 is shallowly inserted to the first butt portion J1. Temporary joining is performed at the spot. A dot-shaped plasticized region W0 is formed in the first abutting portion J1.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the inner corner temporary joining step may be performed before the outer corner friction stir step. In the inner corner temporary joining step, the first rotary tool F is inserted from the inner corner formed by the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the first side surface 2b of the second metal member 2, and the stirring pin F2 is shallowly inserted. Then, temporary joining is performed on the second abutting portion J2 with a spot. A dot-shaped plasticized region W0 is formed at the second abutting portion J2 (inner corner).

According to the outer corner temporary joining step and the inner corner temporary joining step, it is possible to prevent the opening of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 when the outer corner friction stir step is performed. Further, the joining cycle can be shortened by performing the temporary joining at the spot. The outer corner temporary joining step may be performed by welding such as MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding.

In addition to the outer corner friction stir step, the first rotary tool F is inserted from the inner corner formed by the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the first side surface 2b of the second metal member 2, and the stirring pin F2 is inserted. May be inserted deeply to perform the inner corner joining step of continuously performing friction stir welding on the second butting portion J2.

[Second embodiment]
Next, a joining method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
The joining method according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, as shown in FIG. 14, the outer corner friction stir process is performed after the first butting portion friction stir process. The joining method according to the second embodiment will be described focusing on the points different from the joining method of the first embodiment.

In the joining method according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, following the tab material arranging step, an auxiliary member arranging step and a first butt section friction stirring step are performed. In the first butting portion friction stir process, the first rotating tool F is inserted from the auxiliary member 4 and the first butting portion J1 is friction stir welded.

In the joining method according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, an outer corner friction stir process is performed subsequent to the first butting part friction stir process and the removing process. In the outer corner friction stir step, the first rotary tool F is inserted from the outer corner to friction stir weld the first butting portion J1.
According to the joining method according to the second embodiment, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of contamination at the inner corners of the metal members and to improve the watertightness and airtightness.

The second embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but like the first embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate within the range not departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the outer corner temporary joining step or the inner corner temporary joining step may be performed before the first butting portion friction stir step.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a joining method according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
The joining method according to the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the second rotary tool G shown in FIG. 15 is used in the outer corner friction stir step. The third embodiment will be described focusing on the parts different from the first embodiment.

In the outer corner friction stir step according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the first butting portion J1 is friction stir welded using the second rotary tool G.
The second rotary tool G includes a cylindrical shoulder portion G1 and a stirring pin G2 that hangs down from the lower end surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1.
Then, the second rotary tool G is inserted from the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the second side surface 2c of the second metal member 2 into the first abutting portion J1, and the lower end surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1 is inserted into the first metal member 1. The end surface 1a and the second side surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are moved relative to each other. In this way, the first butting portion J1 is friction stir welded.
As described above, when the first butting portion J1 is friction stir welded in a state where the shoulder portion G1 of the second rotary tool G is in contact with the metal member, the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed.

The third embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but as with the first embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate within the scope not departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the third embodiment, the first butting portion friction stirring process is performed after the outer corner friction stirring process. However, as shown in FIG. 16, the outer corner friction stirring process is performed after the first butting portion friction stirring process. You may perform a process. In this configuration, after the first butting portion friction stir process and the removing process are performed to form the plasticized region W1, in the outer corner friction stir process, the first butting portion J1 is friction stir welded using the second rotary tool G. To do.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a joining method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 18, the joining method according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the end portion of the auxiliary member 4 in the first butting portion friction stirring process. In the joining method according to the fourth embodiment, points different from the joining method of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

In the first butt friction stirring process according to the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, a reference line X that passes through the end face 4c of the auxiliary member 4 and is orthogonal to the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the first rotary tool. It is arranged so that the rotation center axis of F overlaps. Further, in the fourth embodiment, the first rotary tool F is moved from the front side to the back side in FIG. That is, the auxiliary member 4 is arranged on the right side of the rotation center axis of the first rotation tool F in the traveling direction. Then, the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the end portion of the auxiliary member 4.

In the first rotary tool F of the fourth embodiment, the spiral groove is formed in the clockwise direction from the base end to the tip of the stirring pin F2. In the fourth embodiment, since the first rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, the left side in the traveling direction of the first rotary tool F is on the flow side (retreating side: from the tangential speed at the outer circumference of the rotary tool to the moving speed of the rotary tool). Is the side on which is subtracted). On the other hand, the right side in the traveling direction of the first rotary tool F is a shear side (advancing side: the side where the moving speed of the rotary tool is added to the tangential speed at the outer circumference of the rotary tool).

When the rotation speed of the first rotary tool F is low, the temperature of the plastic flow material is more likely to rise on the shear side than on the flow side, so the shear side outside the plasticizing region W1 (the first rotary tool F The right side of the traveling direction of 1) tends to generate a lot of burrs V.
On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the first rotary tool F is high, the temperature of the plastic flow material rises on the shear side as compared to the flow side, but the rotation speed is higher, so the flow side outside the plasticizing region W1 ( A large amount of burr V tends to occur on the left side in the traveling direction of the first rotary tool F).

In the fourth embodiment, the moving direction and the rotating direction of the first rotating tool F are set so that the shear side of the first rotating tool F is the auxiliary member 4 side (right side in the traveling direction of the first rotating tool F). .. The rotation direction and traveling direction of the first rotary tool F are not limited and may be set appropriately.

In the fourth embodiment, since the rotation speed of the first rotary tool F is set to be slow, a large amount of burr V tends to occur on the shear side outside the plasticizing region W1. That is, the burr V can be collected on the auxiliary member 4 side (see FIG. 19).
As described above, during the first butting portion friction stir step, which side of the first rotating tool F the burrs V occur in depends on the welding conditions.
The welding conditions include the rotation speed of the first rotary tool F, the rotation direction, the moving direction, the moving speed (feed speed), the inclination angle of the stirring pin F2, the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2 and the auxiliary member 4. It is determined by each element such as material and thickness of each member, and a combination of these elements.
If the auxiliary member 4 is arranged on the side where the burr V is generated or the side where the burr V is frequently generated according to the joining condition, the step of removing the burr V can be easily performed.

The fourth embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but like the first embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate within the range not departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the fourth embodiment, the outer corner friction stir step is followed by the first butt friction stir step, but the outer corner friction stir step may be performed after the first butt friction stir step.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a joining method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 21, the joining method according to the fifth embodiment is the fourth embodiment in that the stirring pin F2 is inserted slightly closer to the center side than the end portion of the auxiliary member 4 in the first butting portion friction stirring step. It differs from the form. The joining method according to the fifth embodiment will be described focusing on the points different from the joining method according to the fourth embodiment.

In the first abutting portion friction stir process of the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, after the friction stir, the auxiliary member 4 is left only on one side of the first rotary tool F to the extent that the auxiliary member 4 remains. The rotation center axis of the one-turn tool F is slightly deviated from the reference line X to the center side (right side) of the auxiliary member 4. Further, in the fifth embodiment, the first rotary tool F is moved from the front side to the back side in FIG. That is, about 90% of the auxiliary member 4 is arranged on the right side of the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool F in the traveling direction, and the remaining part of the auxiliary member 4 is arranged on the left side of the rotation center axis of the first rotating tool F in the traveling direction. About 10% of it is placed. Then, the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the end portion of the auxiliary member 4.

In the first rotary tool F of the fifth embodiment, the spiral groove is formed in the clockwise direction from the base end to the tip of the stirring pin F2. Further, the first rotation tool F is rotated counterclockwise. Therefore, the left side of the advancing direction of the first rotary tool F is the flow side, and the right side of the advancing direction of the first rotary tool F is the shear side.

In the fifth embodiment, the moving direction and the rotating direction of the first rotary tool F are set so that the shear side of the first rotary tool F is the auxiliary member 4 side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22, the burr V can be collected on the side of the auxiliary member 4, so that the step of removing the burr V can be easily performed.

The fifth embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but as with the fourth embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate within the range not departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a joining method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
In the joining method according to the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, in the first butting portion friction stir step, the stirring pin F2 is inserted closer to the first side face 2b than the center portion of the end face 2a of the second metal member 2. This is different from the fourth embodiment in that The joining method according to the sixth embodiment will be described focusing on the points different from the joining method according to the fourth embodiment.

In the first butt friction stirring process of the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool F is closer to the center of the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 (the center in the left-right direction). Is also deviated to the first side surface 2b side (right side). Further, the rotation center axis of the first rotating tool F passes through the second butting portion J2. Further, the insertion depth of the first rotary tool F is set so that the stirring pin F2 reaches the second butting portion J2.
In the first butt joint friction stir step of the sixth embodiment, the first butt joint J1 and the second butt joint J2 can be friction stir welded, so that the watertightness and airtightness of the joint can be enhanced.

The sixth embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but as with the fourth embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate within the scope not departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the sixth embodiment, the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool F passes through the second abutting portion J2, but the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool F is closer to the second side surface 2c than the second abutting portion J2. You may arrange on the side (left side).

1 1st metal member 1a End surface 1b Front surface 1c Back surface 1d Side surface 2 Second metal member 2a End surface 2b First side surface 2c Second side surface 4 Auxiliary member 4a Surface 4b Back surface 4c End surface 11 Stepped portion 11a Stepped bottom surface 11b Stepped side surface F First rotation Tool F1 Connecting part F2 Stirring pin G Second rotating tool G1 Shoulder part G2 Stirring pin J1 First butting part J2 Second butting part W1 Plasticizing region W2 Plasticizing region

Claims (13)

While preparing a plate-shaped first metal member having a step portion formed on the back surface of the end portion, a preparation step of preparing a plate-shaped second metal member,
The step bottom surface of the step portion of the first metal member and the end surface of the second metal member are butted to each other to form a first butting portion, and the step side surface of the step portion and the first metal member A butting step of butting the side surface to form a second butting portion,
Insert the stirring pin of the rotary tool from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface of the second metal member, and relatively move the rotary tool along the first butting portion, the first butting portion. Outer corner friction stir process of friction stir welding,
An auxiliary member disposing step of disposing an auxiliary member along the first butting portion so as to make surface contact with the surface of the first metal member,
Inserting the stirring pin from the surface side of the auxiliary member, relatively moving the rotating tool along the first butting portion, a first butting portion friction stir step of friction stir welding the first butting portion, Including,
In the first butting portion friction stir step, only the stirring pin is brought into contact with the first metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member, the second metal member and the auxiliary member, A joining method characterized in that one butting portion is joined by friction stir welding. The joining method according to claim 1, further comprising a removing step of removing the auxiliary member on which the burr is formed from the first metal member. The joining method according to claim 2, wherein in the first butting portion friction stirring step, the stirring pin is inserted into a central portion of the auxiliary member. When passing through the end face of the auxiliary member and a line orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member as a reference line,
In the first butting portion friction stir step, the rotary tool is relatively moved so that the rotation center axis of the rotary tool and the reference line are overlapped with each other, and burr generated by friction stir welding is formed on the auxiliary member. The joining method according to claim 2, wherein the joining condition is set so as to be set. When passing through the end face of the auxiliary member and a line orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member as a reference line,
In the first butt section friction stirring process, after performing the friction stirring, the rotation center axis of the rotating tool is slightly above the reference line so that the auxiliary member remains only on one side of the rotating tool. The joining method according to claim 2, wherein the joining condition is set such that the rotary tool is relatively moved while being displaced toward the center of the member, and burr is formed on the remaining auxiliary member. .. In the outer corner friction stir step, the first butting portion is friction stir welded with only the stir pin in contact with the first metal member and the second metal member. The joining method according to claim 5. While preparing a plate-shaped first metal member having a step portion formed on the back surface of the end portion, a preparation step of preparing a plate-shaped second metal member,
The step bottom surface of the step portion of the first metal member and the end surface of the second metal member are butted to each other to form a first butting portion, and the step side surface of the step portion and the first metal member A butting step of butting the side surface to form a second butting portion,
Insert the stirring pin of the second rotary tool having a shoulder portion and a stirring pin from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface of the second metal member, and set the shoulder portion to the first metal member and the second In a state of being in contact with the two metal members, the second rotary tool is relatively moved along the first butting portion, and an outer corner friction stir step of friction stir welding the first butting portion,
An auxiliary member disposing step of disposing an auxiliary member along the first butting portion so as to make surface contact with the surface of the first metal member,
A first butt for inserting the stirring pin of the first rotary tool from the surface side of the auxiliary member and relatively moving the first rotary tool along the first butt section to friction stir weld the first butt section. Part friction stirring step,
In the first butting portion friction stirring step, only the stirring pin of the first rotating tool is brought into contact with the first metal member and the auxiliary member, or the first metal member, the second metal member and the auxiliary member. The welding method, wherein the first butting portion is friction stir welded in the state of being kept. The joining method according to claim 7, further comprising a removing step of removing the auxiliary member on which the burr is formed from the first metal member. 9. The joining method according to claim 8, wherein, in the first butting portion friction stirring step, the stirring pin of the first rotating tool is inserted into a central portion of the auxiliary member. When passing through the end face of the auxiliary member and a line orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member as a reference line,
In the first butting portion friction stir step, the first rotary tool is relatively moved so that the rotation center axis of the first rotary tool and the reference line are overlapped with each other, and burrs generated by friction stir welding are assisted by the auxiliary. The joining method according to claim 8, wherein the joining conditions are set so that the members are formed. When passing through the end face of the auxiliary member and a line orthogonal to the surface of the first metal member as a reference line,
In the first butting portion friction stirring step, after performing friction stirring, the rotation center axis of the first rotating tool is set to be more than the reference line so that the auxiliary member remains only on one side of the first rotating tool. The welding condition is set so that the first rotary tool is relatively moved while being slightly displaced to the center side of the auxiliary member, and burr is formed on the remaining auxiliary member. 8. The joining method according to item 8. Before performing the outer corner friction stir step or the first butt section friction stir step, a spot temporary spot is applied to the first butt section from the end surface of the first metal member and the second side surface side of the second metal member. The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising an outer corner temporary joining step of performing attachment. Before performing the outer corner friction stir step or the first butt section friction stir step, from the inner corner formed by the back surface of the first metal member and the first side surface of the second metal member to the second butt section. The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising: an inner corner temporary joining step of performing spot temporary attachment to.

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