JP2018039017A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining method capable of enhancing joining accuracy.SOLUTION: A joining method includes: an overlaying process of forming an overlapping part J1 by laying a surface 1b of a plate-like first metal member 1 on a reverse surface 2c of a plate-like second metal member 2; an inner corner joining process of joining the overlapping part J1 by frictional agitation by inserting an agitation pin F2 of a joining rotary tool F into a first inner corner composed of an end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 and a surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and a second inner corner composed of an end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and a reverse surface 2c of the second metal member 2; and a first permanent joining process of joining the overlapping part J1 by performing MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding along the overlapping part J1 from either one of a reverse surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and a surface 2b of the second metal member 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a joining method for joining metal members together by friction stirring.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, after superposing a surface of a first metal member and a back surface of a second metal member to form a superposed portion, welding (arc welding, from the surface of the second metal member to the superposed portion is performed. Technology for performing laser welding or the like is disclosed.

JP 2007-253210 A

  In the conventional joining method, the first metal member and the second metal member are deformed by heat input during welding, and a gap is generated between the first metal member and the second metal member, thereby lowering the joining accuracy. There is a fear. In particular, when the thickness of the first metal member and the second metal member is thin, the first metal member and the second metal member are greatly deformed, so that the joining accuracy may be further reduced.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the joining method which can improve a joining precision.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an overlaying step of superposing a front surface of a plate-like first metal member and a back surface of a plate-like second metal member to form a superposition part, and the second metal Agitation of the rotary tool at the first inner corner composed of the end surface of the member and the surface of the first metal member and the second inner corner composed of the end surface of the first metal member and the back surface of the second metal member An inner corner joining step of inserting a pin to friction stir weld the overlapped portion, and MIG welding and TIG welding along the overlapped portion from either the back surface of the first metal member or the front surface of the second metal member Or a first main joining step of joining the overlapping portions by laser welding.

  Further, the present invention provides an overlapping step of overlapping the surface of the plate-shaped first metal member and the back surface of the plate-shaped second metal member to form a superposed portion, the end surface of the second metal member, and the first The stirring pin of the rotary tool is inserted into the first inner corner composed of the surface of one metal member and the second inner corner composed of the end surface of the first metal member and the back surface of the second metal member, and An inner corner joining step of friction stir welding the overlapped portion, and a main joining step of pressing the electrode against the back surface of the first metal member and the surface of the second metal member to perform resistance spot welding to the overlapped portion. , Including.

  According to such a joining method, the first metal member and the second metal member can be temporarily fixed while suppressing thermal distortion by performing the inner corner joining step by friction stir welding. Thereby, since it can prevent that a 1st metal member and a 2nd metal member separate in the case of a 1st main joining process or a main joining process, joining precision can be improved.

In the first main joining step, it is preferable to perform MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding continuously in one pass along the overlapping portion.
In the first main joining step, it is preferable to perform MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding intermittently along the overlapped portion.

  Moreover, the 2nd main joining process which joins the said superposition | polymerization part by performing MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding along the said superposition | polymerization part from either one of the back surface of said 1st metal member and the surface of the said 2nd metal member And preferably.

  According to such a joining method, the joining strength can be increased.

In the second main joining step, it is preferable to perform MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding continuously in one pass along the overlapping portion.
Further, in the second main joining step, it is preferable to perform MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding at intervals along the overlapped portion.

In the inner corner joining step, it is preferable to perform friction stir welding continuously in one pass along the overlapping portion.
Further, in the inner corner joining step, it is preferable to perform friction stir welding with intermittent intervals along the overlapping portion.

  According to the joining method according to the present invention, the joining accuracy can be increased.

It is a perspective view which shows the superimposition process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st main joining process which concerns on the modification of 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows this joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the main joining process after the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment.

[First embodiment]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, in the joining method according to the present embodiment, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are overlapped and joined. In the bonding method according to the present embodiment, an overlapping process, an inner corner bonding process, a first main bonding process, and a second main bonding process are performed. In the following description, “front surface” means a surface opposite to the “back surface”.

  The superimposing step is a step of superposing the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 as shown in FIG. The first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are metal plate-like members. The material of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal capable of friction stir. For example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, etc. May be selected as appropriate. The plate | board thickness of the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 is equivalent. The plate thicknesses of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 may be set as appropriate.

  In the overlapping step, a part of the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and a part of the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped to form the overlapping portion J1. A first inner corner is formed by the end surface 2 a of the second metal member 2 and the surface 1 b of the first metal member 1. A second inner corner is formed by the end surface 1 a of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2 c of the second metal member 2. The superposed first metal member 1 and second metal member 2 are fixed to a gantry (not shown) with a jig.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the inner corner joining step is a step of joining the overlapping portion J1 by performing frictional stirring from the first inner corner and the second inner corner. First, in the inner corner joining step, as shown in FIG. 2, the first inner corner is friction stir welded using the joining rotary tool F. The joining rotary tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The joining rotary tool F corresponds to a “rotary tool” in the claims. The joining rotary tool F is made of, for example, tool steel. The connecting part F1 is a part connected to a rotating shaft (not shown) of the friction stirrer. The connecting portion F1 has a cylindrical shape.

  The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 has a tapered truncated cone shape as it is separated from the connecting portion F1. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the present embodiment, the spiral groove is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end toward the distal end in order to rotate the joining rotary tool F to the right.

  In addition, when rotating the rotation tool F for joining counterclockwise, it is preferable to form a spiral groove clockwise as it goes to a front-end | tip from a base end. By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal plastically fluidized during friction stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows to the exterior of a to-be-joined metal member (the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2) can be decreased. The spiral groove may be omitted.

  The joining rotary tool F may be attached to a friction stirrer such as a machining center. In this embodiment, the joining rotary tool F is attached to an arm robot having a rotating means such as a spindle unit at the tip. By attaching to the arm robot, the rotation center axis of the rotation tool for welding F can be easily inclined.

  In the inner corner joining step, as shown in FIG. 2, a stirring pin F2 that rotates clockwise from the first inner corner is inserted, and the joining rotary tool F is relatively moved along the first inner corner (overlapping portion J1). . In the inner corner joining step, the rotation center axis of the joining rotary tool F is relatively moved while being inclined from the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 within a range of 30 ° to 60 °. In the inner corner joining process, only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, and friction stirring is performed in a state where the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 is exposed. In this embodiment, the advancing direction is set so that the end surface 2a is located on the left side of the rotating tool F for bonding. A plasticized region W1 is formed in the movement locus of the welding rotary tool F. When joining the first inner corner, in this embodiment, friction stir welding is continuously performed in one pass with respect to the overlapping portion J1.

  Further, in the inner corner joining step, as shown in FIG. 3, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are turned up and constituted by the end surface 1 a of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2 c of the second metal member 2. The stirring pin F2 that rotates to the right is inserted into the second inner corner, and the bonding rotary tool F is relatively moved along the second inner corner (overlapping portion J1). In this embodiment, the advancing direction is set so that the end surface 1a is located on the left side of the bonding rotary tool F. A plasticized region W2 is formed in the movement locus of the welding rotary tool F. When joining the second inner corner, in this embodiment, friction stir welding is continuously performed in one pass with respect to the overlapping portion J1. In the inner corner joining step, friction stir welding may be intermittently performed with a gap between the overlapping portions J1.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first main joining step includes MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding from one of the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the front surface 2b of the second metal member 2 along the overlap portion J1. Is a step of joining the overlapping portion J1. In the first main joining step of the present embodiment, the welding torch H is moved in parallel with the end face 1a while the welding torch H is brought close to the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1, and the overlapped portion J1 is joined by laser welding. . A welding trace W <b> 3 is formed on the movement trajectory of the welding torch H.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second main joining step includes MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding from the other side of the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the front surface 2b of the second metal member 2 along the overlap portion J1. Is a step of joining the overlapping portion J1. In the second main joining step of the present embodiment, the welding torch H is moved close to the surface 2b of the second metal member 2 while the welding torch H is relatively moved parallel to the end surface 2a, and the superposed portion J1 is joined by laser welding. . A welding trace W4 is formed on the movement trajectory of the welding torch H. In the second main joining step, the movement route is set so that the welding mark W4 overlaps the welding mark W3.

  According to the joining method according to the present embodiment described above, the inner corner joining step is performed by friction stir welding, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are suppressed while suppressing the thermal strain of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2. The second metal member 2 can be temporarily fixed. Accordingly, the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be prevented from being deformed and separated by thermal strain during the first main bonding step or the second main bonding step, thereby increasing the bonding accuracy. be able to.

  Moreover, since the superposition | polymerization part J1 can be joined from the both sides of a to-be-joined metal member by performing a 1st main joining process and a 2nd main joining process, joining strength can be raised. Laser welding may be performed so that the welding marks W3 and W4 do not come into contact with each other, but the bonding strength can be further increased by overlapping the welding marks W3 and W4.

[Modification]
Next, a modification of the joining method according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, in the modification, an overlapping process, an inner corner joining process, and a first main joining process are performed. The overlapping process is the same as that in the first embodiment described above.

  In the inner corner joining step, as shown in FIG. 6, friction stir welding is intermittently performed on the first inner corner and the second inner corner. Plasticizing regions W1 and W2 are intermittently formed on the movement trajectory of the welding rotary tool F, respectively. In the first main joining step, laser spot welding is performed using the welding torch H to join the overlapping portion J1. By the first main joining process, the welding mark W3 is intermittently formed.

  As in the modification, the inner corner joining step may be intermittently performed with a gap. In the first main bonding process, the process may be performed intermittently with a gap. Thereby, since heat input can be reduced, the thermal distortion of the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 can be suppressed more. Thereby, joining accuracy can be raised more. Moreover, you may abbreviate | omit a 2nd main joining process like the said modification.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the joining method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the bonding method according to the present embodiment, an overlapping process, an inner corner bonding process, and a main bonding process are performed. The overlapping process is the same as that in the first embodiment described above. Further, the inner corner joining step is the same as the above-described modification.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in this joining step, the electrodes U1 and U2 are pressed against the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the surface 2b of the second metal member 2, respectively, and resistance spot welding is performed on the overlapping portion J1. It is a process to be performed. In this joining process, as shown in FIG. 8, a welding mark W3 is formed with a gap.

  Also by the joining method according to the second embodiment, substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. Moreover, according to the main joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment, since heat input can be reduced by welding intermittently by resistance spot welding, the 1st metal member 1 and the 2nd metal member 2 of Thermal strain can be further suppressed. Thereby, joining accuracy can be raised more.

  Although the embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been described above, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the second embodiment, the inner corner joining step is intermittently performed at intervals, but may be continuously performed as in the first embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st metal member 1a End surface 1b Surface 1c Back surface 2 Second metal member 2a End surface 2b Surface 2c Back surface F Joining rotary tool (rotary tool)
F1 connecting portion F2 stirring pin J1 overlapping portion W1 plasticizing region W2 plasticizing region

Claims (9)

An overlapping step of overlapping the surface of the plate-shaped first metal member and the back surface of the plate-shaped second metal member to form a superposed portion;
In a first inner corner composed of the end surface of the second metal member and the surface of the first metal member, and a second inner corner composed of the end surface of the first metal member and the back surface of the second metal member. An inner corner joining step of inserting a stirring pin of a rotating tool and friction stir welding the overlapped portion,
A first main joining step of joining the overlapped portion by performing MIG welding, TIG welding or laser welding along the overlapped portion from either one of the back surface of the first metal member and the surface of the second metal member; A bonding method comprising:   2. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein in the first main joining step, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding is continuously performed in one pass along the overlapped portion.   2. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein in the first main joining step, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding is performed intermittently at intervals along the overlapped portion.   A second main joining step of joining the overlapped portion by performing MIG welding, TIG welding or laser welding along the overlapped portion from either the back surface of the first metal member or the surface of the second metal member; The bonding method according to claim 1, further comprising:   5. The joining method according to claim 4, wherein in the second main joining step, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding is continuously performed in one pass along the overlapped portion.   5. The joining method according to claim 4, wherein in the second main joining step, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding is performed intermittently at intervals along the overlapped portion. An overlapping step of overlapping the surface of the plate-shaped first metal member and the back surface of the plate-shaped second metal member to form a superposed portion;
In a first inner corner composed of the end surface of the second metal member and the surface of the first metal member, and a second inner corner composed of the end surface of the first metal member and the back surface of the second metal member. An inner corner joining step of inserting a stirring pin of a rotating tool and friction stir welding the overlapped portion,
And a main joining step in which an electrode is pressed against the back surface of the first metal member and the surface of the second metal member, and resistance spot welding is performed on the overlapped portion.   The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the inner corner joining step, friction stir welding is continuously performed in one pass along the overlapped portion.   The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the inner corner joining step, friction stir welding is performed intermittently at intervals along the overlapping portion.

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