JP6736086B2 - Spinning method and container manufactured using the same - Google Patents

Spinning method and container manufactured using the same Download PDF

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JP6736086B2
JP6736086B2 JP2016204237A JP2016204237A JP6736086B2 JP 6736086 B2 JP6736086 B2 JP 6736086B2 JP 2016204237 A JP2016204237 A JP 2016204237A JP 2016204237 A JP2016204237 A JP 2016204237A JP 6736086 B2 JP6736086 B2 JP 6736086B2
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work
heating
temperature
heating mechanism
initial
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JP2018065158A (en
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慎一 三島
慎一 三島
村井　宏行
宏行 村井
卓也 岸田
卓也 岸田
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Samtech Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

本発明は、例えば水素ガス等が充填されるための容器及びそれを製造するスピニング加工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a container to be filled with, for example, hydrogen gas and a spinning method for manufacturing the container.

各種高圧ガスを充填するための容器として、鉄製やステンレス製や６０００系アルミニウム合金（以下、「６０００系アルミ合金」ともいう）製の圧力容器（ボンベ）が使用されている。また、次世代の自動車である燃料電池車では、水素を充填して搭載するための軽量で耐圧性能の高い容器が求められており、６０００系アルミ合金製の金属ライナの外側に繊維強化プラスチック層（ＦＲＰ層とも称する）が形成された圧力容器が利用されている。 As a container for filling various high-pressure gases, a pressure container (cylinder) made of iron, stainless steel, or 6000 series aluminum alloy (hereinafter, also referred to as “6000 series aluminum alloy”) is used. Further, in the fuel cell vehicle, which is the next-generation vehicle, a lightweight container with high pressure resistance for filling and mounting hydrogen is required, and a fiber reinforced plastic layer is provided on the outside of a metal liner made of 6000 series aluminum alloy. A pressure vessel in which (also referred to as an FRP layer) is formed is used.

このような容器や金属ライナは、円筒状の胴部の両端に、胴部よりも径が小さくなる湾曲面を有する口金取付部が形成されている（図１参照）。 In such a container or metal liner, a cap attachment portion having a curved surface having a diameter smaller than that of the body is formed at both ends of the cylindrical body (see FIG. 1).

そして、このような容器や金属ライナを製造するスピニング加工方法が開示されている（例えば特許文献１及び特許文献２参照）。このスピニング加工方法では、６０００系アルミ合金製の円筒状のワークの加工部位（端）を所定温度に加熱する加熱工程を実施した後、ワークを回転させながら成形ローラを回転中のワークの加工部位に対して押し当てるようにして所望の加工形状（口金取付部）に変形させる加工工程を実施している。このとき、加熱工程において所定温度までワークの加工部位を加熱しているが、加工工程実施中にワークの加工部位の温度が徐々に低下して加工性が低減してしまうので、ワークの加工部位の温度が所定温度未満まで低下したときには、再び加熱工程を実施した後に加工工程を実施するようにしている。 Then, a spinning method for manufacturing such a container and a metal liner is disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In this spinning processing method, after performing a heating step of heating a processing part (end) of a cylindrical work made of 6000 series aluminum alloy to a predetermined temperature, a processing part of the work in which the forming roller is rotated while rotating the work. A processing step of deforming into a desired processing shape (base attachment portion) is performed by pressing against. At this time, the processing part of the work is heated to a predetermined temperature in the heating step, but since the temperature of the processing part of the work gradually decreases during the processing step and the workability is reduced, the processing part of the work is reduced. When the temperature of 1 drops below a predetermined temperature, the heating step is performed again, and then the processing step is performed.

特開２００７−１１３５９０号公報JP, 2007-113590, A 特開２０１１−２０６８４３号公報JP, 2011-206843, A

しかしながら、上述したようなスピニング加工方法では、縮径（口絞りスピニング）するような複雑な加工を実施したときには、加工品（口金取付部）の壁厚や引張強度や疲労強度が均一にならないという問題点があった。
また、６０００系アルミ合金の代わりに、引張強度や疲労強度に優れた７０００系アルミニウム合金（以下、「７０００系アルミ合金」ともいう）を用いた場合、７０００系アルミ合金は加工性が悪く（加工可能温度範囲が狭く）、所望の加工形状（口金取付部）に変形させられないことがあった。 However, in the spinning method as described above, when complicated processing such as diameter reduction (spinning spinning) is performed, the wall thickness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength of the processed product (base mounting portion) are not uniform. There was a problem.
Further, when a 7000 series aluminum alloy excellent in tensile strength and fatigue strength (hereinafter, also referred to as “7000 series aluminum alloy”) is used instead of the 6000 series aluminum alloy, the 7000 series aluminum alloy has poor workability (processing In some cases, the possible temperature range was narrow), and it could not be deformed into the desired processed shape (base attachment part).

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために、加工品の壁厚や引張強度や疲労強度を均一にするスピニング加工方法について検討を行った。従来のスピニング加工方法では、加熱工程実施中にはワークの加工部位の温度を測定しておらず、ワークの加工部位を最適温度に加熱できていないことがわかった。図１０は、加工温度と絞り率との関係を示すグラフである。難加工金属として代表的な７０００系アルミ合金の加工可能温度範囲（割れやしわが生じない温度範囲）は、６０００系アルミ合金の加工可能温度範囲と比較して非常に狭くなっている。特に図１０に示すように、難加工金属として代表的な７０００系アルミ合金で絞り率を２０％〜６０％とするときには、ワークの加工部位の温度が加工可能温度範囲内（固相線温度−２５０℃）以上（固相線温度−１０℃）以下になるようにすればよいことがわかった。
そこで、ワークの加工部位の温度が加工可能温度範囲内（（固相線温度−２５０℃）以上（固相線温度−１０℃）以下）になるように温度モニタリングすることを見出した。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have studied a spinning method for making the wall thickness, tensile strength and fatigue strength of a processed product uniform. In the conventional spinning processing method, it was found that the temperature of the processed part of the work was not measured during the heating step, and the processed part of the work could not be heated to the optimum temperature. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the processing temperature and the drawing rate. The machinable temperature range of 7000 series aluminum alloys (a temperature range where cracks and wrinkles do not occur), which is a typical difficult-to-process metal, is extremely narrow compared to the machinable temperature range of 6000 series aluminum alloys. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, when using a typical 7000-series aluminum alloy as a difficult-to-machine metal with a drawing ratio of 20% to 60%, the temperature of the work part of the work is within the workable temperature range (solidus temperature- It was found that the temperature should be 250° C. or higher (solidus temperature −10° C.) or lower.
Therefore, it has been found that the temperature is monitored so that the temperature of the processed portion of the work is within the processable temperature range ((solidus temperature −250° C.) or higher (solidus temperature −10° C.) or lower).

すなわち、本発明のスピニング加工方法は、円筒状のワークを保持する保持機構と、前記ワークの加工部位を加熱する加熱機構と、前記ワークの加工部位に押し当てられる成形ローラとを備え、前記ワークの加工部位を縮径していくスピニング加工装置に用いられるスピニング加工方法であって、前記ワークの材質は、７０００系アルミ合金であり、前記ワークの加工部位の温度がその材質の（固相線温度−２５０℃）以上（固相線温度−１０℃）以下に加熱する加熱工程を含み、前記加熱機構は、前記ワークの加工部位の初期形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された初期加熱機構と、前記ワークの加工部位の変形中間形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された中間加熱機構とを有し、前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構は前記ワークの加工部位を加熱する位置に移動可能となっており、前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構を移動させることで、初期加熱状態と中間加熱状態と成形状態とに切り替える工程を含むようにしている。 That is, the spinning processing method of the present invention includes a holding mechanism that holds a cylindrical work, a heating mechanism that heats a processed portion of the work, and a forming roller that is pressed against the processed portion of the work, a spinning method used machining area of the spinning device to continue to shrink the material of the workpiece is 7000 series aluminum alloy, (solid phase of the material of the temperature pixel of machining area of the workpiece It looks including the line temperature -250 ° C.) or higher (solidus temperature -10 ° C.) step of heating below the heating mechanism, so as to correspond to the initial shape of the machined portion of the workpiece, the heating unit is formed An initial heating mechanism and an intermediate heating mechanism in which a heating portion is formed so as to correspond to the deformed intermediate shape of the processed part of the workpiece, wherein the initial heating mechanism and the intermediate heating mechanism are the processed part of the workpiece. and it is movable to a position for heating, the initial heating mechanism and by moving the intermediate heating mechanism, and the step of switching the initial heating state and the intermediate heating condition and a molding condition including useless.

本発明のスピニング加工方法によれば、ワークの加工部位の温度を最適温度にすることができる。これにより、加工性が悪い（加工可能温度範囲が狭い）７０００系アルミ合金であってもスピニング加工することができる。 According to the spinning processing method of the present invention, the temperature of the processed portion of the work can be set to the optimum temperature. As a result, spinning can be performed even with a 7000-series aluminum alloy having poor workability (narrow processable temperature range).

また、上記発明において、前記加熱機構は、前記ワークの加工部位の初期形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された初期加熱機構と、前記ワークの加工部位の変形中間形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された中間加熱機構とを有し、前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構は移動可能となっており、前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構を移動させることで、初期加熱状態と中間加熱状態と成形状態とに切替える工程を含むようにしたので、初期加熱機構と中間加熱機構とを用いることで、ワークの加工部位の温度を最適温度に確実にすることができる。 Further, in the above invention, the heating mechanism is adapted to correspond to the initial shape of the machining portion of the work, and the initial heating mechanism in which the heating portion is formed, and the deformation intermediate shape of the machining portion of the work. , An intermediate heating mechanism in which a heating unit is formed, and the initial heating mechanism and the intermediate heating mechanism are movable. By moving the initial heating mechanism and the intermediate heating mechanism, an initial heating state is obtained. Since the step of switching between the intermediate heating state and the molding state is included, it is possible to ensure that the temperature of the processed portion of the work is the optimum temperature by using the initial heating mechanism and the intermediate heating mechanism .

また、上記発明において、前記加熱機構は、前記ワークの加工部位の温度を検出する温度センサを有するようにしてもよい。Further, in the above invention, the heating mechanism may include a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of a processed portion of the workpiece.
本発明のスピニング加工方法によれば、ワークの加工部位の温度を測定することで、ワークの加工部位の温度を最適温度に確実にすることができる。According to the spinning processing method of the present invention, by measuring the temperature of the processed portion of the work, it is possible to ensure the temperature of the processed portion of the work at the optimum temperature.
また、上記発明において、前記中間加熱機構の加熱部は、前記ワークの加工部位の変形中間形状に対応した形状のコイルであるようにしてもよい。Further, in the above invention, the heating unit of the intermediate heating mechanism may be a coil having a shape corresponding to the deformed intermediate shape of the processed portion of the workpiece.

本発明に係る容器を示す図。The figure which shows the container which concerns on this invention. 容器の変形中間形状を説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating the deformation|transformation intermediate shape of a container. 本発明に係るスピニング加工装置を示す平面図。The top view which shows the spinning processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図３に示すＡ−Ａ線断面図。Sectional drawing on the AA line shown in FIG. 成形ローラ駆動装置を示す正面図。The front view which shows a shaping roller drive device. 図５に示すＢ−Ｂ線断面図。The BB sectional view shown in FIG. 初期加熱機構を示す図。The figure which shows an initial heating mechanism. 中間加熱機構を示す図。The figure which shows an intermediate heating mechanism. スピニング加工方法の一例について説明するためのフローチャート。The flowchart for demonstrating an example of the spinning processing method. 加工温度と絞り率との関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the relationship between processing temperature and drawing rate.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。なお、本発明は、以下に説明するような実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の態様が含まれることはいうまでもない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and various modes are included without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

＜容器＞
まず、本発明に係る容器について説明する。図１は、本発明に係る容器を示す図である。
容器１００は、予め設定された外径及び内径を有する円筒状の胴部１Ａと、胴部１Ａの上側に形成された容器上部（口金取付部）１Ｂと、胴部１Ａの下側に形成された容器底部（口金取付部）１Ｃとを有する。なお、胴部１Ａと容器上部１Ｂと容器底部１Ｃとは一体的に形成されている。そして、容器上部１Ｂには、内容物の封入や放出に利用されるバルブ等（図示せず）が取り付けられ、容器底部１Ｃには、封止部材等（図示せず）が取り付けられることになる。 <Container>
First, the container according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a container according to the present invention.
The container 100 is formed in a cylindrical body portion 1A having a preset outer diameter and inner diameter, a container upper portion (base attachment portion) 1B formed on the upper portion of the body portion 1A, and a lower portion of the body portion 1A. And a container bottom portion (base attachment portion) 1C. The body portion 1A, the container upper portion 1B, and the container bottom portion 1C are integrally formed. Then, a valve or the like (not shown) used for enclosing or discharging the contents is attached to the container upper portion 1B, and a sealing member or the like (not shown) is attached to the container bottom portion 1C. ..

上記した容器の材質としては、鉄やチタンや７０００系アルミ合金等の難加工金属が挙げられ、本発明では容器を軽量にすることができる点から、７０００系アルミ合金であることが好ましい。 Examples of the material of the above-mentioned container include iron, titanium, and hard-to-process metals such as 7000 series aluminum alloys. In the present invention, 7000 series aluminum alloys are preferable from the viewpoint that the container can be made lightweight.

このような容器上部１Ｂは、予め設定された外径及び内径を有する円筒状のワークＷにおいて、円筒状のワークＷの一方の開口端部が、スピニング加工装置１の成形ローラ１１等によって胴部１Ａよりも縮径（口絞りスピニング）するように加工されることにより得られる。すなわち、図２の点線で示すようにワークＷの加工部位を所定角度θで縮径していくことで得られる。
また、容器底部１Ｃについても同様である。 In such a container upper portion 1B, in a cylindrical work W having an outer diameter and an inner diameter set in advance, one open end of the cylindrical work W has a body portion formed by the forming roller 11 of the spinning device 1 or the like. It is obtained by processing so that the diameter is smaller than 1 A (spinning spinning). That is, it is obtained by reducing the diameter of the processed portion of the work W at a predetermined angle θ as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
The same applies to the container bottom 1C.

＜スピニング加工装置＞
次に、本発明に係るスピニング加工装置１について説明する。図３は、本発明に係るスピニング加工装置１を示す平面図であり、図４は、図３に示すＡ−Ａ線の断面図である。なお、地面に水平な一方向をＸ方向とし、地面に水平でＸ方向と垂直な方向をＹ方向とし、Ｘ方向とＹ方向とに垂直な方向をＺ方向とする。
スピニング加工装置１は、２個の成形ローラ１１を有する成形ローラ駆動装置１２と、クランプ装置（スピニングチャック）１３とＸ軸駆動機構１４と有する保持機構１０と、初期加熱機構６１と中間加熱機構６２とインダクションヒータ電源６３と加熱コイル移動台車６４とを有する加熱機構６０と、加工工程中のワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出する非接触式放射温度計７０とを備える。 <Spinning equipment>
Next, the spinning processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the spinning device 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. Note that one direction horizontal to the ground is the X direction, a direction horizontal to the ground and perpendicular to the X direction is the Y direction, and a direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions is the Z direction.
The spinning processing apparatus 1 includes a forming roller driving device 12 having two forming rollers 11, a holding mechanism 10 having a clamp device (spinning chuck) 13 and an X-axis driving mechanism 14, an initial heating mechanism 61, and an intermediate heating mechanism 62. A heating mechanism 60 having an induction heater power source 63 and a heating coil moving carriage 64, and a non-contact type radiation thermometer 70 for detecting the temperature of the processing portion of the work W during the processing process.

図５は、成形ローラ駆動装置１２を示す正面図であり、図６は、図５に示すＢ−Ｂ線の断面図である。成形ローラ駆動装置１２は、フレーム２１の右側部分に、距離を隔てて平行に配置された支持板２２、２３が設けられており、これらの支持板２２、２３の中央に取り付けたベアリングによって回転軸２４が軸線Ｊ（Ｘ方向）に一致するように軸支されている。
そして、回転軸２４の左端には、回転ドラム２５が固定されている。また、回転軸２４の右端には、モータ（図示せず）が接続されており、軸線Ｊを回転軸として回転ドラム２５を回転駆動するようになっている。
さらに、回転軸２４の内側は中空になっており、成形ローラ調整軸２６が回転軸２４と同軸（軸線Ｊ）となるように挿入されている。そして、成形ローラ調整軸２６の左端には、ベベルギア２６ａが固定されている。 5 is a front view showing the forming roller driving device 12, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG. The forming roller driving device 12 is provided with support plates 22 and 23, which are arranged in parallel at a distance from each other, on a right side portion of a frame 21, and a rotary shaft is attached by a bearing attached to the center of the support plates 22 and 23. 24 is rotatably supported so as to coincide with the axis J (X direction).
A rotary drum 25 is fixed to the left end of the rotary shaft 24. A motor (not shown) is connected to the right end of the rotary shaft 24, and the rotary drum 25 is rotationally driven with the axis J as the rotary shaft.
Further, the inside of the rotary shaft 24 is hollow, and the forming roller adjusting shaft 26 is inserted so as to be coaxial with the rotary shaft 24 (axis J). A bevel gear 26a is fixed to the left end of the forming roller adjusting shaft 26.

回転ドラム２５は、円板部２５ａと円筒側壁２５ｂとからなる。円板部２５ａの中心近傍には、貫通孔２５ｃが形成された支持体２５ｄが固定されている。また、円筒側壁２５ｂには、貫通孔２５ｅが形成されている。そして、各ボールネジ２７の端部が貫通孔２５ｃ、２５ｅで軸支されることで、２本のボールネジ２７が回転軸２４側（回転中心）から径方向に配置されている。 The rotary drum 25 includes a disk portion 25a and a cylindrical side wall 25b. A support 25d having a through hole 25c is fixed near the center of the disc portion 25a. A through hole 25e is formed in the cylindrical side wall 25b. The ends of the ball screws 27 are axially supported by the through holes 25c and 25e, so that the two ball screws 27 are arranged in the radial direction from the rotation shaft 24 side (rotation center).

各ボールネジ２７の回転軸２４側の端部には、ベベルギア２７ａが固定されており、成形ローラ調整軸２６のベベルギア２６ａと螺合している。また、各ボールネジ２７には、成形ローラ１１を支持するハウジング１１ａが螺合している。これにより、成形ローラ調整軸２６を回転させると、ベベルギア２６ａ、２７ａを介して２本のボールネジ２７が回転して、２個の成形ローラ１１（ハウジング１１ａ）が径方向に移動するようになっている。 A bevel gear 27a is fixed to an end of each ball screw 27 on the rotary shaft 24 side, and is screwed with a bevel gear 26a of the forming roller adjusting shaft 26. A housing 11a that supports the forming roller 11 is screwed into each ball screw 27. As a result, when the forming roller adjusting shaft 26 is rotated, the two ball screws 27 rotate via the bevel gears 26a and 27a, and the two forming rollers 11 (housing 11a) move in the radial direction. There is.

クランプ装置１３は、円筒状のワークＷの胴部１Ａの外周面を、ワークＷの軸線ＪがＸ方向となるように保持するものである。
Ｘ軸駆動機構１４は、クランプ装置１３をワークＷの軸線Ｊの方向（Ｘ方向や−Ｘ方向）に前進したり後退したりすることが可能となっており、ワークＷの加工部位の外周面を２個の成形ローラ１１に押し当てたり加熱コイル６１ｂ、６２ｂ内に挿入したりする。 The clamp device 13 holds the outer peripheral surface of the body 1A of the cylindrical work W so that the axis J of the work W is in the X direction.
The X-axis drive mechanism 14 is capable of advancing or retracting the clamp device 13 in the direction of the axis J of the work W (X direction or −X direction), and the outer peripheral surface of the machining portion of the work W. Is pressed against the two forming rollers 11 or inserted into the heating coils 61b and 62b.

図７（ａ）は、初期加熱機構６１を示す正面図であり、図７（ｂ）は、図７（ａ）に示すＣ−Ｃ線の断面図である。初期加熱機構６１は、筐体６１ａと、インダクションヒータ電源６３と電気的に接続された加熱コイル（加熱部）６１ｂと、加熱工程中のワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出するための熱電対（接触式温度センサ）６１ｃ及びバネ機構等６１ｄとを有する。筐体６１ａは、四角筒状の外周面と円筒形状の内周面とを有する筒状のブロック体である。そして、円筒形状の内周面に、円筒形状の加熱コイル６１ｂが固定されている。つまり、加熱コイル６１ｂは、ワークＷの加工部位の初期形状（円筒形状）に対応したストレート形状となっている。また、熱電対６１ｃは、筐体６１ａの外周面から内周面を貫通するように設置されており、加熱コイル６１ｂ内に挿入されたワークＷの加工部位の外周面にバネ機構等６１ｄによって接触させることができるようになっている。
このような初期加熱機構６１は、ワークＷの加工部位を加熱するための加熱位置（初期加熱状態）Ａと、ワークＷの加工部位を加熱しないための初期加熱機構退避位置（成形状態）Ｂとに加熱コイル移動台車６４によって筐体６１ａが把持されることで移動可能になっている。 FIG. 7A is a front view showing the initial heating mechanism 61, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC shown in FIG. 7A. The initial heating mechanism 61 includes a housing 61a, a heating coil (heating unit) 61b electrically connected to the induction heater power source 63, and a thermocouple (for detecting the temperature of the processed portion of the work W during the heating process). The contact type temperature sensor) 61c and the spring mechanism 61d. The housing 61a is a tubular block body having a square tubular outer circumferential surface and a cylindrical inner circumferential surface. The cylindrical heating coil 61b is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical shape. That is, the heating coil 61b has a straight shape corresponding to the initial shape (cylindrical shape) of the processed portion of the work W. Further, the thermocouple 61c is installed so as to penetrate from the outer peripheral surface of the housing 61a to the inner peripheral surface thereof, and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the processing portion of the work W inserted in the heating coil 61b by a spring mechanism 61d. It can be done.
Such an initial heating mechanism 61 has a heating position (initial heating state) A for heating the processed portion of the work W and an initial heating mechanism retracted position (molding state) B for not heating the processed portion of the work W. The housing 61a is held by the heating coil moving carriage 64 so that it can be moved.

図８（ａ）は、中間加熱機構６２を示す正面図であり、図８（ｂ）は、図８（ａ）に示すＤ−Ｄ線の断面図である。中間加熱機構６２は、筐体６２ａと、インダクションヒータ電源６３と電気的に接続された加熱コイル（加熱部）６１ｂ、６２ｂと、加熱工程中のワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出するための熱電対（接触式温度センサ）６２ｃ及びバネ機構等６２ｄとを有する。筐体６２ａは、四角筒状の外周面と円筒形状の内周面及び円錐台形形状の内周面とを有する筒状のブロック体である。そして、円筒形状の内周面に、円筒形状の加熱コイル６１ｂが固定されるとともに、円錐台形形状の内周面に、円錐台形形状の加熱コイル６２ｂが固定されている。つまり、加熱コイル６２ｂは、ワークＷの加工部位の変形中間形状（円錐台形形状）に対応したテーパ形状（径が所定角度θで小さくなっていく形状）となっている。また、熱電対６２ｃは、筐体６２ａの外周面から円錐台形形状の内周面を貫通するように設置されており、加熱コイル６２ｂ内に挿入されたワークＷの加工部位の外周面にバネ機構等６２ｄによって接触させることができるようになっている。
このような中間加熱機構６２は、ワークＷの加工部位を加熱するための加熱位置（中間加熱状態）Ａと、ワークＷの加工部位を加熱しないための中間加熱機構退避位置（成形状態）Ｃとに加熱コイル移動台車６４によって筐体６２ａが把持されることで移動可能になっている。 8A is a front view showing the intermediate heating mechanism 62, and FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along the line D-D shown in FIG. 8A. The intermediate heating mechanism 62 includes a housing 62a, heating coils (heating portions) 61b and 62b electrically connected to the induction heater power source 63, and a thermoelectric sensor for detecting the temperature of the processing portion of the workpiece W during the heating process. It has a pair (contact type temperature sensor) 62c and a spring mechanism 62d. The housing 62a is a tubular block body having a quadrangular tubular outer peripheral surface, a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and a frustoconical inner peripheral surface. The cylindrical heating coil 61b is fixed to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and the frustoconical heating coil 62b is fixed to the frustoconical inner peripheral surface. That is, the heating coil 62b has a taper shape (shape in which the diameter decreases at the predetermined angle θ) corresponding to the deformed intermediate shape (frustroconical shape) of the processed portion of the work W. Further, the thermocouple 62c is installed so as to penetrate from the outer peripheral surface of the casing 62a to the inner peripheral surface of the truncated cone shape, and has a spring mechanism on the outer peripheral surface of the processing portion of the work W inserted into the heating coil 62b. 62d, etc., so that they can be brought into contact with each other.
Such an intermediate heating mechanism 62 has a heating position (intermediate heating state) A for heating the processed portion of the work W, and an intermediate heating mechanism retracted position (forming state) C for not heating the processed portion of the work W. The housing 62a is held by the heating coil moving carriage 64 so that it can be moved.

＜スピニング加工方法＞
次に、上述したスピニング加工装置１を用いて容器１００を製造するスピニング加工方法ついて説明する。図９は、スピニング加工方法の一例について説明するためのフローチャートである。
スピニング加工方法（ＩＴＭシステム）は、ワークＷを保持する保持工程（Ａ）と、ワークＷの加工部位を初期加熱機構６１で高周波加熱する初期加熱工程（Ｂ）と、ワークＷの加工部位を縮径する初期スピニング加工工程（Ｃ）と、ワークＷの加工部位を中間加熱機構６２で高周波加熱する中間加熱工程（Ｄ）と、ワークＷの加工部位を縮径する中間スピニング加工工程（Ｅ）とを含む。 <Spinning method>
Next, a spinning processing method for manufacturing the container 100 using the spinning processing apparatus 1 described above will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a spinning method.
The spinning processing method (ITM system) includes a holding step (A) for holding the work W, an initial heating step (B) for high-frequency heating the processed part of the work W by the initial heating mechanism 61, and a processed part of the work W. An initial spinning process step (C) of increasing the diameter, an intermediate heating process (D) of heating the processed part of the work W by the intermediate heating mechanism 62 at high frequency, and an intermediate spinning process (E) of reducing the processed part of the work W. including.

（Ａ）保持工程
まず、ステップＳ１０１の処理において、ワークＷの胴部１Ａの外周面をクランプ装置１３で固定する。 (A) Holding Step First, in the process of step S101, the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 1A of the work W is fixed by the clamp device 13.

（Ｂ）初期加熱工程
次に、ステップＳ１０２の処理において、ワークＷを準備位置に配置し、初期加熱機構６１を加熱位置Ａに移動させることで、初期加熱状態にする。次に、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷをＸ方向に前進させてワークＷの加工部位を加熱コイル６１ｂ内の所定位置に入れ、加熱コイル６１ｂに所定周波数の交流電流を供給する。これにより、加熱コイル６１ｂにはワークＷの加工部位を貫く磁束が発生し、ワークＷの加工部位にうず電流が発生する。このようにワークＷの加工部位にうず電流を発生させることでワークＷの加工部位を加熱する。
そして、ステップＳ１０３の処理において、熱電対６１ｃでワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出し、設定温度範囲内になったときには加熱を停止して、（Ｃ）初期スピニング加工工程に進む。
上記設定温度範囲内は、（固相線温度−２５０℃）以上（固相線温度−１０℃）以下であり、温度変動が大きくなっても、しわのない良好な形状の容器を得るためには、（固相線温度−１００℃）以上（固相線温度−５０℃）以下であることがより好ましい（図１０参照）。 (B) Initial heating step Next, in the process of step S102, the workpiece W is placed at the preparation position, and the initial heating mechanism 61 is moved to the heating position A, thereby setting the initial heating state. Next, the work W is moved forward in the X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 to place the processing portion of the work W at a predetermined position in the heating coil 61b, and an alternating current having a predetermined frequency is supplied to the heating coil 61b. As a result, a magnetic flux penetrating the processed portion of the work W is generated in the heating coil 61b, and an eddy current is generated in the processed portion of the work W. In this way, the eddy current is generated in the processed portion of the work W to heat the processed portion of the work W.
Then, in the process of step S103, the temperature of the processed portion of the work W is detected by the thermocouple 61c, and when the temperature is within the set temperature range, the heating is stopped and the process proceeds to the (C) initial spinning process.
The above set temperature range is (solidus temperature −250° C.) or more and (solidus temperature −10° C.) or less, and in order to obtain a container having a good shape with no wrinkles even when the temperature fluctuation is large. Is more preferably (solidus temperature −100° C.) or higher (solidus temperature −50° C.) or lower (see FIG. 10).

（Ｃ）初期スピニング加工工程
次に、ステップＳ１０４の処理において、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷを−Ｘ方向に後退させてワークＷを準備位置に配置した後、初期加熱機構６１を初期加熱機構退避位置Ｂに移動させることで、成形状態にする。次に、成形ローラ調整軸２６により成形ローラ１１の径方向の位置を調整し、回転軸２４を駆動して成形ローラ１１を旋回させる。次に、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷをＸ方向に前進させてワークＷの加工部位の外周面を旋回中の成形ローラ１１に接触させる。これにより、ワークＷの加工部位を縮径させていく。 (C) Initial Spinning Step Next, in the process of step S104, the X-axis drive mechanism 14 retracts the work W in the −X direction to position the work W at the preparation position, and then the initial heating mechanism 61 is set to the initial heating mechanism. By moving to the retreat position B, a molding state is achieved. Next, the position of the forming roller 11 in the radial direction is adjusted by the forming roller adjusting shaft 26, and the rotating shaft 24 is driven to rotate the forming roller 11. Next, the work W is moved forward in the X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 to bring the outer peripheral surface of the processed portion of the work W into contact with the forming roller 11 which is rotating. As a result, the diameter of the processed part of the work W is reduced.

そして、ステップＳ１０５の処理において、１パス終了時、非接触式放射温度計７０でワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出し、設定温度範囲内であるか否かを判断して、設定温度範囲外になったときには、ステップＳ１０６の処理において、ワークＷの加工部位が初期形状（円筒形状）にまだ類似しているか否かを判断して、ワークＷの加工部位が初期形状（円筒形状）に類似するときには、（Ｂ）初期加熱工程（ステップＳ１０２の処理）に戻り、一方、初期形状（円筒形状）に類似しないときには、（Ｄ）中間加熱工程に進む。 Then, in the process of step S105, at the end of one pass, the non-contact radiation thermometer 70 detects the temperature of the processed portion of the work W, determines whether the temperature is within the set temperature range, and determines whether the temperature is outside the set temperature range. When it becomes, in the processing of step S106, it is judged whether or not the processed portion of the work W is still similar to the initial shape (cylindrical shape), and the processed portion of the work W is similar to the initial shape (cylindrical shape). When it does, it returns to (B) initial heating process (process of step S102), while when it is not similar to the initial shape (cylindrical shape), it advances to (D) intermediate heating process.

（Ｄ）中間加熱工程
次に、ステップＳ１０７の処理において、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷを−Ｘ方向に後退させてワークＷを準備位置に配置した後、中間加熱機構６２を加熱位置Ａに移動させることで、中間加熱状態にする。次に、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷをＸ方向に前進させて、ワークＷの加工部位の各位置と加熱コイル６１ｂ、６２ｂとの間の距離（クリアランス）が一定になるように配置し、加熱コイル６１ｂ、６２ｂに所定周波数の交流電流を供給する。これにより、加熱コイル６１ｂ、６２ｂにはワークＷの加工部位を貫く磁束が発生し、ワークＷの加工部位にうず電流が発生する。このようにワークＷの加工部位にうず電流を発生させることでワークＷの加工部位を加熱する。
そして、ステップＳ１０８の処理において、熱電対６２ｃでワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出し、設定温度範囲内になったときには加熱を停止して、（Ｅ）中間スピニング加工工程に進む。 (D) Intermediate heating step Next, in the process of step S107, the work W is retracted in the -X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 to place the work W at the preparation position, and then the intermediate heating mechanism 62 is moved to the heating position A. By moving it, it becomes an intermediate heating state. Next, the work W is moved forward in the X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 and arranged so that the distance (clearance) between each position of the processed portion of the work W and the heating coils 61b and 62b becomes constant. An alternating current having a predetermined frequency is supplied to the heating coils 61b and 62b. As a result, a magnetic flux penetrating the processed portion of the work W is generated in the heating coils 61b and 62b, and an eddy current is generated in the processed portion of the work W. In this way, the eddy current is generated in the processed portion of the work W to heat the processed portion of the work W.
Then, in the process of step S108, the temperature of the processed portion of the work W is detected by the thermocouple 62c, and when the temperature is within the set temperature range, the heating is stopped and the process proceeds to the (E) intermediate spinning process step.

（Ｅ）中間スピニング加工工程
次に、ステップＳ１０９の処理において、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷを−Ｘ方向に後退させてワークＷを準備位置に配置した後、中間加熱機構６２を中間加熱機構退避位置Ｃに移動させることで、成形状態にする。次に、成形ローラ調整軸２６により成形ローラ１１の径方向の位置を調整し、回転軸２４を駆動して成形ローラ１１を旋回させる。次に、Ｘ軸駆動機構１４によってワークＷをＸ方向に前進させてワークＷの加工部位の外周面を旋回中の成形ローラ１１に接触させる。これにより、ワークＷの加工部位をさらに縮径させていく。 (E) Intermediate Spinning Processing Step Next, in the process of step S109, the work W is retracted in the −X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 to place the work W at the preparation position, and then the intermediate heating mechanism 62 is moved to the intermediate heating mechanism. By moving it to the retreat position C, a molding state is achieved. Next, the position of the forming roller 11 in the radial direction is adjusted by the forming roller adjusting shaft 26, and the rotating shaft 24 is driven to rotate the forming roller 11. Next, the work W is moved forward in the X direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 14 to bring the outer peripheral surface of the processed portion of the work W into contact with the forming roller 11 which is rotating. As a result, the processed portion of the work W is further reduced in diameter.

そして、ステップＳ１１０の処理において、１パス終了時、非接触式放射温度計７０でワークＷの加工部位の温度を検出し、設定温度範囲内であるか否かを判断して、設定温度範囲外になったときには、ステップＳ１１１の処理において、ワークＷの加工部位が最終形状になったか否かを判断して、ワークＷの加工部位が最終形状になったときには、本フローチャートを終了させ、一方、最終形状になっていないときには、（Ｄ）中間加熱工程（ステップＳ１０７の処理）に戻る。 Then, in the process of step S110, at the end of one pass, the non-contact radiation thermometer 70 detects the temperature of the processed portion of the work W, determines whether the temperature is within the set temperature range, and determines whether the temperature is outside the set temperature range. When it becomes, it is judged in the processing of step S111 whether or not the processed portion of the work W has the final shape, and when the processed portion of the work W has the final shape, this flowchart is ended, while If the shape is not the final shape, the process returns to the (D) intermediate heating step (step S107).

以上のように、本発明のスピニング加工方法によれば、ワークＷの加工部位を常に均一に設定温度範囲内に加熱することができる。これにより、加工性が悪い（加工可能温度範囲が狭い）７０００系アルミ合金でもスピニング加工することができる。 As described above, according to the spinning processing method of the present invention, the processed portion of the work W can always be heated uniformly within the set temperature range. As a result, spinning can be performed even on a 7000-series aluminum alloy having poor workability (narrow working temperature range).

本発明は、水素ガス等が充填されるための容器を製造するスピニング加工方法等に好適に利用できる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized suitably for the spinning process method etc. which manufacture the container for which hydrogen gas etc. are filled.

１ スピニング加工装置
１０ 保持機構
１１ 成形ローラ
６０ 加熱機構
６１ｂ、６２ｂ 加熱コイル（加熱部）
６１ｃ、６２ｃ 熱電対（温度センサ）
Ｗ ワーク 1 Spinning Processing Device 10 Holding Mechanism 11 Forming Roller 60 Heating Mechanisms 61b, 62b Heating Coil (Heating Section)
61c, 62c thermocouple (temperature sensor)
W work

Claims (3)

円筒状のワークを保持する保持機構と、
前記ワークの加工部位を加熱する加熱機構と、
前記ワークの加工部位に押し当てられる成形ローラとを備え、
前記ワークの加工部位を縮径していくスピニング加工装置に用いられるスピニング加工方法であって、
前記ワークの材質は、７０００系アルミ合金であり、
前記ワークの加工部位の温度がその材質の（固相線温度−２５０℃）以上（固相線温度−１０℃）以下に加熱する加熱工程を含み、
前記加熱機構は、前記ワークの加工部位の初期形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された初期加熱機構と、前記ワークの加工部位の変形中間形状に対応するように、加熱部が形成された中間加熱機構とを有し、
前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構は前記ワークの加工部位を加熱する位置に移動可能となっており、
前記初期加熱機構及び前記中間加熱機構を移動させることで、初期加熱状態と中間加熱状態と成形状態とに切り替える工程を含むことを特徴とするスピニング加工方法。 A holding mechanism that holds a cylindrical work,
A heating mechanism for heating the processed portion of the work,
A forming roller that is pressed against the processed portion of the work,
A spinning processing method used in a spinning processing apparatus for reducing the diameter of a processing portion of the work,
The material of the work is a 7000 series aluminum alloy,
Look including the step of heating the work (solidus temperature -250 ° C.) of the material of the temperature pixel sites or more work (solidus temperature -10 ° C.) or less,
The heating mechanism has an initial heating mechanism in which a heating portion is formed so as to correspond to the initial shape of the processed portion of the work, and a heating portion is formed so as to correspond to the deformed intermediate shape of the processed portion of the work. Has an intermediate heating mechanism,
The initial heating mechanism and the intermediate heating mechanism are movable to a position for heating the processed part of the work,
The initial heating mechanism and by moving the intermediate heating mechanism, a spinning processing method for the step of switching the initial heating state and the intermediate heating conditions and the molding conditions, wherein the free Mukoto. 前記加熱機構は、前記ワークの加工部位の温度を検出する温度センサを有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のスピニング加工方法。 The spinning processing method according to claim 1, wherein the heating mechanism has a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of a processing portion of the workpiece. 前記中間加熱機構の加熱部は、前記ワークの加工部位の変形中間形状に対応した形状のコイルであることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載のスピニング加工方法。
The spinning processing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the heating unit of the intermediate heating mechanism is a coil having a shape corresponding to a deformed intermediate shape of a processed portion of the workpiece.
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