JP6726435B2 - Positioning device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a positioning device for positioning a work to be used in various manufacturing processes at a predetermined work position.

Generally, a plurality of guide holes are formed in each work such as a large body panel joined by welding. Then, each work is welded in a state in which the mutual welding portions are positioned by inserting the guide pin protruding from the positioning device into the guide hole.

As a positioning device for positioning such a work, for example, in Patent Document 1, floating support means for floatingly supporting a positioning pin (guide pin) and omnidirectionality provided on the central axis of the positioning pin are disclosed. A positioning device comprising: a concave portion and a convex body that is capable of advancing and retracting in the central axis direction of the positioning pin, has its axis aligned with the center of the positioning pin, and is omnidirectional in the direction perpendicular to the central axis. It is disclosed.

In this positioning device, the positioning pin is made to stand by in a floating state by the floating support means, and when the positioning pin is fitted into the opening (guide hole) of the conveyed work, the convex part is brought into contact with the concave part. By pressing, the positioning pin that is fitted into the opening of the work and is eccentric from the predetermined position can be moved to the predetermined position, and the work can be positioned at the predetermined position.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-88776

However, the technique disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is effective in positioning the work before welding, but is not sufficiently considered in the case of removing the work after welding from the guide pin.

Therefore, for example, when the work after welding is slightly deformed three-dimensionally due to thermal strain or the like, adhesion (so-called “galling”) occurs between the guide pin and the guide hole, and the work after welding is It may be difficult to easily remove it from the guide pin.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a positioning device that can easily remove a work after processing from a guide pin.

A positioning device according to an aspect of the present invention is provided with a guide pin for positioning a guide hole formed in a work on a central axis of a preset position, and is continuously provided to the guide pin via a spherical pair portion. A support portion that supports the base end side of the guide pin so that the guide pin can tilt with respect to the center axis and can move in parallel to the axis perpendicular to the center axis; Has a taper portion for centering the guide pin on the central axis, and allows a locked state for restricting the tilting and the parallel movement of the centered guide pin and the tilting and the parallel movement of the guide pin. And a restriction unit that can selectively switch between the free state and the free state.

According to the positioning device of the present invention, the work after processing can be easily removed from the guide pin.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a positioning device according to a first embodiment of the present invention when setting a work on a guide pin. Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when holding the workpiece Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin A second embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional view of a main part of a positioning device when setting a work on a guide pin Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when holding the workpiece Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin A third embodiment of the present invention, a sectional view of a main portion of a positioning device when setting a work on a guide pin Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when holding the workpiece Same as above, cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a positioning device when setting a work on a guide pin, and FIG. 2 is a positioning device when holding a work. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin.

The positioning device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is, for example, a positioning device for positioning a plurality of works 100, 101 to be welded in a vehicle body manufacturing process with respect to a welding table (not shown) or the like. The positioning device 1 is installed in each of a plurality of preset positions set in the factory.

Here, the works 100 and 101 of the present embodiment are panels for vehicle bodies, and a plurality of positioning guide holes 100a and 101a are formed at appropriate positions of the works 100 and 101, respectively. Then, the respective guide holes 100a, 101a are positioned at the respective set positions (more specifically, on the central axis O set at the respective set positions) by the corresponding respective positioning devices 1, so that the respective work 100, 101 are positioned so that they can be welded to each other.

These positioning devices 1 have a base 5 installed in a factory or the like.

Inside the base 5, a slider chamber 6 and a cylinder portion 7 are formed at upper and lower positions along a central axis O. The slider chamber 6 and the cylinder portion 7 have an axially symmetric shape with respect to the central axis O, and a communication hole 5a is formed in the central portion of the wall partitioning the slider chamber 6 and the cylinder portion 7. There is. Further, a guide pin insertion hole 5b having a diameter larger than that of the communication hole 5a is formed in the upper wall of the slider chamber 6, and the upper portion of the slider chamber 6 is outside the base 5 through the guide pin insertion hole 5b. Is in communication with.

Inside the slider chamber 6, for example, a slider 10 as a support portion is housed, which has a substantially columnar shape with a through hole 10a formed in the center thereof.

A plurality of ball rollers 10c are held at the upper end and the lower end of the slider 10, and the slider 10 is in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface (drawing wall) of the slider chamber 6 via the ball rollers 10c. .. As a result, the slider 10 can move in parallel in the slider chamber 6 in the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the central axis O).

Further, the base end side of the guide pin 11 inserted into the slider chamber 6 through the guide pin insertion hole 5b is connected to the central portion of the slider 10 through the spherical pair portion 12 so as to be tiltable.

More specifically, a spherical recess 10b communicating with the upper portion of the through hole 10a is provided at the center of the slider 10. On the other hand, a spherical portion 11a is provided at the base end of the guide pin 11, and this spherical portion 11a is fitted into the recess 10b in the slider chamber 6. The spherical pair 11 is formed between the slider 10 and the guide pin 11 by fitting the concave portion 10b and the spherical portion 11a, and the tip end of the guide pin 11 with respect to the slider 10 is formed by the spherical pair 12. It is possible to tilt.

Then, as described above, the slider 10 is accommodated in the slider chamber 6 so as to be movable in parallel, and the guide pin 11 is tiltably supported with respect to the slider 10, so that the guide pin 11 is inserted into the guide pin. It is supported by the slider 10 in a state in which it can be translated in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O and tiltable with respect to the central axis O within a range allowed by the hole 5b.

A piston 15 is housed in the cylinder portion 7. A seal ring 15a is held on the outer peripheral portion of the piston 15, and the seal ring 15a is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 7, whereby the inner space of the cylinder portion 7 is divided into upper and lower portions.

Of the internal space of the cylinder portion 7 defined by the piston 15, an upper region is set as a spring chamber 7a, and a return spring 17 for urging the piston 15 downward is arranged in the spring chamber 7a. Has been done.

On the other hand, of the internal space of the cylinder portion 7 partitioned by the piston 15, the lower region is set as the hydraulic chamber 7b. A pump unit 21 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 7b via a hydraulic passage 20, and a switching valve 22 is provided between the hydraulic chamber 7b and the pump unit 21.

Then, when the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 7 b through the control of the pump unit 21 and the switching valve 22, the piston 15 rises in the cylinder portion 7 against the biasing force of the return spring 17. On the other hand, when the operating hydraulic pressure is discharged from the hydraulic chamber 7b through the control of the pump unit 21 and the switching valve 22, the piston 15 descends in the cylinder portion 7 by the urging force of the return spring 17. Furthermore, when the supply or discharge state of the hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic chamber 7b is maintained through the control of the switching valve 22, the piston 15 is maintained in the raised position or the lowered position in the cylinder portion 7.

Further, on the side of the spring chamber 7a, a regulation pin 16 as a regulation part for regulating the parallel movement and tilting movement of the guide pin 11 is provided upright along the central axis O at the center of the piston 15.

A taper portion 16a having a tapered shape is formed at the tip of the restriction pin 16 so as to reduce its diameter from the lower side to the upper side. The taper portion 16a is projected into the slider chamber 6 through the communication hole 5a.

Further, the taper portion 16a is inserted into the restriction pin hole 11b opening to the base end side of the guide pin 11 through the through hole 10a of the slider 10, and is interlocked with the up-and-down movement of the piston 15 in the restriction pin hole 11b. It is possible to move back and forth.

Here, the inner diameter of the through hole 10a is formed sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the restriction pin 16 (the outer diameter of the portion other than the portion where the tapered portion 16a is formed). On the other hand, the inner diameter of the restriction pin hole 11b is formed to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the restriction pin 16 (that is, the outer diameter other than the portion where the tapered portion 16a is formed).

As a result, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, when the tapered portion 16a is located at the retracted position in the regulation pin hole 11b as the piston 15 descends, it is located between the tapered portion 16a and the regulation pin hole 11b. A predetermined gap is generated, and the guide pin 11 is in a free state in which the parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and the tilting with respect to the central axis O are allowed.

On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the tapered portion 16a is located at the advanced position of the regulation pin hole 11b as the piston 15 moves upward, the gap between the tapered portion 16a and the regulation pin hole 11b disappears. The guide pin 11 is centered on the central axis O and is in a locked state in which parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and tilting with respect to the central axis O are prohibited.

In such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the conveyed works 100 and 101 are set in the positioning device 1, the hydraulic oil is maintained in the hydraulic chamber 7b in a discharged state. The piston 15 is held in the lowered position, and the tapered portion 16a of the restriction pin 16 is held in the retracted position of the restriction pin hole 11b.

As a result, the guide pin 11 is allowed to move in parallel with the center axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and tilt with respect to the center axis O. It is inserted into 101a.

Thereafter, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when hydraulic oil is supplied to the inside of the hydraulic chamber 7b, the piston 15 rises to the raised position, and the tapered portion 16a of the regulation pin 16 moves to the advanced position of the regulation pin hole 11b. Advance to.

As a result, the guide pin 11 is centered on the central axis O along with the guide holes 100a and 101a of the workpieces 100 and 101, and the parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and the tilting with respect to the central axis O are performed. It is forbidden. Therefore, the guide holes 100a and 101a are positioned on the central axis O at a preset position, and the workpieces 100 and 101 are subjected to a process such as welding while being held at an appropriate relative position.

After that, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic chamber 7b, the piston 15 descends to the lowered position, and the tapered portion 16a of the regulation pin 16 retracts to the retracted position of the regulation pin hole 11b. ..

As a result, the guide pin 11 is allowed to move in parallel with the center axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and tilt with respect to the center axis O again. Therefore, even if the workpieces 100 and 101 after welding are deformed three-dimensionally due to thermal strain or the like, the guide pin 11 moves or tilts according to the state of the guide holes 100a and 101a, and the guide holes 100a and 101a. Can be easily removed without causing adhesion or the like with the guide pin 11.

According to such an embodiment, the guide pin 11 for positioning the workpieces 100 and 101 is coupled via the spherical pair portion 12, and the guide pin 11 can tilt with respect to the central axis O and the axis of the central axis O. It has a slider 10 for supporting the base end side of the guide pin 11 so as to be able to move parallel to the right angle direction, and a taper portion 16a for centering the guide pin 11 on the center axis O by moving in the direction of the center axis O. Positioning is provided with a restricting pin 16 that can selectively switch between a locked state that restricts the tilting and parallel movement of the centered guide pin 11 and a free state that allows the tilting and parallel movement of the guide pin 11. By configuring the device, the processed works 100 and 101 can be easily removed from the guide pin 11.

Next, FIGS. 4 to 6 relate to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a positioning device when a work is set on a guide pin, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin. The same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be appropriately omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the positioning device 30 of the present embodiment has a base 35 installed in a factory or the like.

Inside the base 35, a slider chamber 36 and an actuator chamber 37 are formed at upper and lower positions along the central axis O. The slider chamber 36 and the actuator chamber 37 have an axially symmetric shape with respect to the center axis O, and the diameter of the central portion of the partition wall that divides the slider chamber 36 and the actuator chamber 37 is reduced from the upper side to the lower side. A tapered communication hole 35a is formed. Further, a guide pin insertion hole 35b is formed in the upper wall of the slider chamber 36, and the upper portion of the slider chamber 36 is communicated with the outside of the base 35 through the guide pin insertion hole 35b.

In the slider chamber 36, for example, the slider 10 as a support part having a through hole formed in the center is housed so as to be movable in the direction of the central axis O and the direction perpendicular to the central axis O. ..

A plurality of ball rollers 10c are held at the upper end of the slider 10, and the slider 10 can come into contact with the upper surface of the slider chamber 36 via the ball rollers 10c.

On the other hand, a taper portion 40 whose diameter is reduced from the upper side to the lower side is provided in the lower portion of the slider 10, and the taper portion 40 can be fitted into the communication hole 35a.

A return spring 41 for urging the slider 10 (ball roller 10c) to the upper wall of the slider chamber 36 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 40. When the tapered portion 40 is separated from the communication hole 35a by the urging force of the return spring 41, the slider 10 can move in parallel in the slider chamber 36 in the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the central axis O). Has become.

Further, the base end side of the guide pin 11 inserted into the slider chamber 36 through the guide pin insertion hole 35b is connected to the central portion of the slider 10 so as to be tiltable through the spherical pair portion 12.

As described above, the slider 10 is accommodated in the slider chamber 36 so as to be movable in parallel, and the guide pin 11 is tiltably supported with respect to the slider 10, so that the guide pin 11 can be inserted. The slider 10 is supported in a state in which it can be translated in the direction perpendicular to the central axis O and tilted with respect to the central axis O within a range allowed by the hole 35b.

In the actuator chamber 37, a wire pulling/relaxing adjusting unit 42 is housed as a restricting unit that cooperates with the taper unit 40 to restrict the parallel movement and tilting motion of the guide pin 11.

A wire 42a extends from the wire pulling/releasing adjustment unit 42. The tip end side of the wire 42a is inserted into the wire insertion hole 11c opened to the base end side of the guide pin 11 through the through hole 10a, and the wire fixing portion 11d provided at the tip end of the wire insertion hole 11c is inserted. It is connected.

In such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, when the wire pulling/loosening adjustment unit 42 loosens the wire 42a, the slider 10 moves above the slider chamber 36 by the urging force of the return spring 41. As a result, a predetermined gap is created between the tapered portion 40 and the communication hole 35a. As a result, the guide pin 11 is allowed to move together with the slider 10 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis O. Further, the loosening of the wire 42a allows the guide pin 11 to tilt with respect to the central axis O. As described above, the guide pin 11 is in the free state in which the parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and the tilting with respect to the central axis O are allowed.

On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the wire pulling/relaxing adjusting unit 42 pulls the wire 42a, the slider 10 is moved below the slider chamber 36 against the biasing force of the return spring 41, and the taper is tapered. The portion 40 is fitted into the communication hole 35a. As a result, the guide pin 11 is centered in the shape of the central axis O, and the parallel movement of the central axis O to the treasure trove perpendicular to the axis is prohibited. Further, the wire 42a pulled by the wire pulling/relaxing adjusting section 42 becomes a straight line along the central axis O so as to connect the wire pulling/loosening adjusting section 42 to the wire fixing section 11d at the shortest distance, and the tension of the wire 42a is increased. As a result, the guide pin 11 is prohibited from tilting with respect to the central axis O. As described above, the guide pin 11 is centered on the central axis O, and is in a locked state in which parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and tilting with respect to the central axis O are prohibited.

According to such an embodiment, it is possible to achieve substantially the same operational effects as the above-described first embodiment.

Next, FIGS. 7 to 9 relate to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a positioning device when a work is set on a guide pin, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the positioning device when the work is removed from the guide pin. The same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the positioning device 60 of this embodiment has a base 65 installed in a factory or the like.

A cylinder portion 66 having an axially symmetrical shape with respect to the central axis O is formed inside the base 65.

A piston 67 is housed in the cylinder portion 66. Further, in the cylinder portion 66, hydraulic passages 68a and 68b are respectively connected to an upper region and a lower region partitioned by a piston 67, and a switching valve 69 is connected to these hydraulic passages 68a and 68b. There is. Then, the hydraulic oil pumped from a pump unit (not shown) is selectively supplied to the lower region or the upper region of the cylinder portion 66 by the switching valve 69, so that the piston 67 moves up and down in the cylinder portion 66. It is possible.

In addition, a rod insertion hole 65a that communicates with the outside of the base 65 is formed in the center of the upper wall of the cylinder portion 66, and the rod insertion hole 65a is connected to the piston 67 and serves as a guide rod as a support portion. 70 is inserted through the bush 65b.

Further, a regulation block 71 as a regulation unit is placed on the base 65. A through hole 71a is formed in the center of the regulation block 71, and the distal end side of the guide rod 70 protruding from the base 65 is loosely inserted into the through hole 71a.

A guide pin 72 is connected to the upper portion of the restriction block 71, and the bottom portion of the guide pin 72 closes the upper end of the through hole 71a in a bag shape.

Here, the through hole 71a is configured by a tapered hole portion whose diameter decreases from the upper side to the lower side. Corresponding to this through hole 71a, a tapered portion 70a is provided on the outer periphery of the tip end side of the guide rod 70, the diameter of which decreases from the upper side to the lower side. There is.

A spherical recess 72a is formed on the base end surface of the guide pin 72. Corresponding to the recess 72a, a ball roller 73 is held at the tip (top) of the guide rod 70, and the recess 72a and the ball roller 73 provide a spherical pair portion between the guide rod 70 and the guide pin 72. 74 are formed.

With this configuration, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, when the piston 67 is raised, the concave portion 72a is pushed up via the ball roller 73 held on the top of the guide rod 70, and the regulation block 71 and The guide pin 72 moves upward. As a result, the regulation block 71 is separated from the base 65, and a predetermined gap is generated between the tapered portion 70a and the through hole 71a, so that the guide pin 72 moves in parallel with the center axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and the center thereof. A free state in which tilting with respect to the axis O is allowed is established.

On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the piston 67 is lowered, the regulation block 71 comes into contact with the base 65, the gap between the tapered portion 70a and the through hole 71a disappears, and the guide pin 72 is removed. Is centered on the central axis O, and is in a locked state in which the parallel movement of the central axis O in the direction perpendicular to the axis and the tilting with respect to the central axis O are prohibited.

According to such an embodiment, it is possible to achieve substantially the same operational effects as the above-described first embodiment.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible, and these are also within the technical scope of the present invention.

1 Positioning device 5 Base 5a Communication hole 5b Guide pin insertion hole 6 Slider chamber 7 Cylinder portion 7a Spring chamber 7b Hydraulic chamber 10 Slider 10a Through hole 10b Recess 10c Ball roller 11 Guide pin 11a... Spherical part 11b... Restriction pin hole 11c... Wire insertion hole 11d... Wire fixing part 12... Spherical pair part 15... Piston 15a... Seal ring 16... Restriction pin 16a... Tapered part 17... Return spring 20... Hydraulic passage 21 ... Pump unit 22 ... Switching valve 30 ... Positioning device 35 ... Base 35a ... Communication hole 35b ... Guide pin insertion hole 36 ... Slider chamber 37 ... Actuator chamber 40 ... Tapered portion 41 ... Return spring 42 ... Wire pulling/relaxation adjusting portion 42a ... Wire 60 ... Positioning device 65 ... Base 65a ... Rod insertion hole 65b ... Bush 66 ... Cylinder part 67 ... Piston 68a, 68b ... Hydraulic passage 69 ... Switching valve 70 ... Guide rod 70a ... Tapered part 71 ... Restriction block 71a ... Through hole 72... Pin 72... Guide pin 72a... Recess 73... Ball roller 74... Spherical pair part 100, 101... Work 100a, 101a... Guide hole O... Central axis

Claims (4)

A guide pin for positioning the guide hole formed in the work on the central axis of the preset position,
The base end side of the guide pin is connected to the guide pin via a spherical pair portion, and the base end side of the guide pin is tilted with respect to the center axis and is movable parallel to the center axis. A supporting part for supporting,
The guide pin has a tapered portion for centering the guide pin on the central axis by the movement in the central axis direction, and a locked state for restricting the tilting and the parallel movement of the centered guide pin and the tilting of the guide pin. And a restricting portion capable of selectively switching between the free state in which the parallel movement is allowed and the positioning device. The supporting portion is disposed inside the base so as to be capable of parallel translation in a direction perpendicular to the central axis, and supports the guide pin in a tiltable manner via the spherical pair portion,
The said control part switches between the said lock state and the said free state by advancing and retracting a taper part with respect to the control pin hole opened to the base end side of the said guide pin, The said 1st characterized by the above-mentioned. Positioning device. The support part is disposed inside the base so as to be movable in the direction of the central axis and the direction orthogonal to the central axis, and supports the guide pin so as to be tiltable via the spherical pair part. ,
The restricting portion is provided inside the base when the wire pulling/relaxing adjusting portion for pulling or loosening the wire connected to the inside of the guide pin is integrally formed with the support portion and the wire is pulled. The taper part which fits into a communicating hole, and the wire pulling and loosening adjustment part pulls or loosens the wire to switch between the locked state and the free state. Positioning device. The support portion is constituted by a rod-shaped member supported by a base so as to be movable back and forth in the direction of the central axis, and supports the guide pin at the tip end through the spherical pair portion so as to be tiltable,
The regulation portion includes a regulation block having a through hole into which the support portion is loosely inserted, and a taper portion that fits into the through hole of the regulation block when the support portion is retracted in the direction of the central axis. The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning device is switched between the free state and the locked state by moving the support portion forward and backward in the direction of the central axis.

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