JP6712044B2 - タケコンポスト及び植物の病害防除剤 - Google Patents
タケコンポスト及び植物の病害防除剤 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
筍(大阪府河内長野市産)を最大径が約2mm程度の粉末に加工した。このタケ粉末に約10倍量の水を加え、室温(約25℃)で24時間放置した後、上澄みを除去して水に浸漬したタケ粉末を得た。プラスチック製のコンテナにタケ粉末(水分含量80%)10kgを入れ、シマミミズ(Eisenia foetida)100gを入れた。また、タケ粉末10kgに対してそれぞれ、油かす、最大径が約2mm程度の粉末に加工したクズ、鶏糞堆肥、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムを加えた5つのコンテナにそれぞれ混合物10kgに対してシマミミズ100gを加えた。油かす、鶏糞、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムは、それぞれ混合物の炭素/窒素比が等しく(約90に)なるように加えられた。
実施例1で得られたタケコンポストVBKを用いて数種の野菜を栽培して、タケコンポストによる病害防除効果を調べた。白菜の苗、きゅうりの苗、ほうれん草の苗に、それぞれ2種のピシウム菌(P. ultimum var. ultimumとP. aphanidermatum)及び2種のリゾクトニア菌(Rhizoctonia solani AG1とR. solani AG4)を感染させた。感染は、菌をそれぞれ感染させたベントグラスの種をVBKと混合することで行われた。このVBKを培土として育苗を行い、その一部を感染数の計測に供した。白菜ときゅうりについては種蒔き6日後の苗各5株を、ほうれん草については種蒔き12日後の苗5株を、それぞれ菌を感染させたVBKを入れた1つのポットに移植し、夜間12時間(温度25℃)、昼間12時間(温度28℃)の環境下で、肥料を与えずに育苗した。また、市販の育苗培土(CNS)を用いて同様の育苗を行った。5つのポットについてJPM Ver.8を用いた統計的処理(SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA)を行い、平均値と標準偏差を求めた。これらの結果を表3〜6及び図2〜5に示した。なお、画像には代表的なものだけを示した。
(タケコンポスト抽出液の作製)
実施例1で得られたタケコンポストVBK2Lに対し蒸留水3Lをプラスチック容器(10L)に入れ、観賞魚用の空気ポンプ1台で空気を送り込みながら室温(約20℃)で24時間静置した。次に、ろ紙(ワットマンNo.1)でろ過し、その濾過物を再度同じ方法でろ過し(つまり2回ろ過を繰り返し)、タケコンポスト抽出液(VBP tea)を得た。さらに、タケコンポスト抽出液をポアサイズ0.45μmのフィルターを通し、無菌化したタケコンポスト抽出液(Filtered VBP tea)を得た。
粒状ロックウールにきゅうりを播種した後、タケコンポスト抽出液(VBP tea)と無菌化したタケコンポスト抽出液(Filtered VBP tea)を与え、ピシウム菌(P. aphanidermatum及びリゾクトニア菌(Rhizoctonia solani AG1)を接種した。接種4日後の苗の成長から、健全な育苗率を求めた。また、接種4日後に苗を粒状ロックウールから取り出し、その根からピシウム菌とリゾクトニア菌を分離し、これらに感染していることを確かめた。これらの結果を図7〜12に示した。これらの結果から、タケコンポストのピシウム菌に対する防除作用は、タケコンポスト中に含まれる菌によるものではなく、タケをコンポストにする過程で生産される化合物によるものと推察される。
抽出中における曝気が病害防除効果に与える影響を調べた。実施例1で得られたタケコンポストVBKを、空気を送り込まないで実施例3と同様に操作して、曝気していないタケコンポスト抽出液(Non-aerated VBP tea)及び無菌化したタケコンポスト抽出液(Non-aerated Filtered VBP tea)を作製した。これらの抽出液を用いて実施例3と同様にして、タケコンポスト抽出液の防除効果を確認した。接種3日後又は4日後に苗を粒状ロックウールから取り出し、その根の状態を肉眼で観察した。これらの結果を図12に示した。曝気した場合の方が曝気しない場合よりも効果が高いように見えるが、上段の曝気しない場合は播種3日目の様子であり、下段の曝気した場合播種4日目の様子であることを考慮すると、曝気による明確な差はないものと言える。
Claims (12)
- タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬後に水を分離して得られたタケ類の粉末をミミズに摂食させる工程を含むタケコンポストの製造方法。 - タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬後に水を分離して得られたタケ類の粉末とタケ以外の植物の混合物をミミズに摂食させる工程を含むタケコンポストの製造方法。 - 前記タケ類以外の植物はマメ科植物である請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記マメ科植物はクズである請求項3に記載の製造方法。
- タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬後に水を分離して得られたタケ類の粉末をミミズに摂食させて得られたタケコンポスト。 - タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬後に水を分離して得られたタケ類の粉末とタケ以外の植物の混合物をミミズに摂食させて得られたタケコンポスト。 - 請求項5又は6に記載のタケコンポストを培土として使用する方法。
- 請求項5又は6に記載のタケコンポストを用いて苗立枯病を防除する方法。
- タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬後に水を分離して得られたタケ類の粉末とタケ以外の植物の混合物をミミズに摂食させてコンポストを作製する工程と、
作製されたコンポストを抽出溶媒で抽出する工程を含む苗立枯病の病害防除剤の製造方法。 - 前記タケ類以外の植物はマメ科植物である請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 前記マメ科植物はクズである請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- タケ類の粉末を1〜50℃の水に浸漬する工程と、
浸漬した水を排除した後に得られたタケ類の粉末とタケ類以外の植物の混合物をミミズに摂食させて得られたタケコンポストの抽出溶媒による抽出物を有効成分とする苗立枯病の病害防除剤。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2015176069 | 2015-09-07 | ||
JP2015176069 | 2015-09-07 |
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JP2017052684A JP2017052684A (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
JP6712044B2 true JP6712044B2 (ja) | 2020-06-17 |
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