JP6707391B2 - Wing with wind generator, wind power generator, and rotorcraft - Google Patents

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a blade provided with an airflow generation device, a wind turbine generator, and a rotary wing machine.

Conventionally, it has been considered to use an airflow generation device for suppressing separation of a fluid machine. The airflow generation device controls the airflow by the action of discharge plasma, for example. Specifically, the use of an airflow generation device in wind turbines, airplanes, turbines, blowers, etc. is being considered.

13 and 14 show a conventional blade and air flow generator. Here, FIG. 13 is a top view of the blade and the airflow generation device. Further, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the blade and the airflow generation device shown in FIG. 13 taken along the line BB.

The airflow generation device 110 is provided at the front edge of the blade 100. The airflow generation device 110 includes a base material portion 111, a first electrode 112, and a second electrode 113. The base material portion 111 is made of a dielectric material and mainly forms the airflow generation device 110. The first electrode 112 is provided so that a part thereof is exposed from the base material portion 111. The second electrode 113 is provided inside the base material portion 111 so as to be closer to the trailing edge side than the first electrode 112.

According to the airflow generation device 110, for example, stall when the attack angle of the blade 100 increases can be suppressed. That is, when the airflow generation device 110 is not provided, when the angle of attack of the blade 100 reaches a certain angle, the lift force does not increase due to the separation of the airflow. By providing the airflow generation device 110, the lift force can be obtained over the above angle. Thus, for example, when applied to a wind turbine generator, it is possible to suppress stall when the wind speed changes suddenly and increase the rotation speed.

The blade 100 and the airflow generator 110 are usually manufactured separately, and then the airflow generator 110 is attached to the front edge of the blade 100. As described above, since the airflow generation device 110 is attached to the outside of the blade 100, the airflow generation device 110 is formed to be very thin so as not to disturb the original airflow of the blade 100.

JP, 2007-317656, A JP, 2008-1354, A

However, since the shape of the front edge of the blade 100 is sharp, it is not easy to attach the airflow generation device 110 at a predetermined position. If the airflow generation device 110 is displaced from the predetermined position, the airflow control effect cannot be sufficiently obtained.

Further, since the airflow generation device 110 is provided at the front edge of the blade 100, the high-speed fluid comes into contact with the airflow generation device 110, and an unexpected flying object collides with the airflow generation device 110 to easily wear. In particular, the first electrode 112 is easily worn because it is exposed at the front edge, and is easily lost due to wear because it is very thin. When the first electrode 112 disappears, the airflow generation device 110 does not function. As described above, in the conventional airflow generation device 110, the airflow control effect cannot be obtained for a long time because the first electrode 112 is worn and disappears.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a blade provided with an airflow generation device that can obtain an airflow control effect sufficiently and for a long time.

A blade provided with the airflow generation device of the embodiment has a blade main body and an airflow generation unit. The airflow generating portion is provided on the leading edge side of the blade body and forms the leading edge portion of the blade. Moreover, the airflow generation part has a base material part, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first electrode is provided inside the base member so as to extend in the chord direction from the front edge of the base member. The second electrode is provided inside the base member so as to be on the trailing edge side of the first electrode. The first electrode is formed discontinuously in the blade length direction, and the second electrode is formed in the chord direction in the portion where the first electrode is formed more than in the portion where the first electrode is not formed. Is the trailing edge side.

It is a top view which shows the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the sectional view on the AA line of the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator shown by FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment has worn. It is a top view which shows the modification of the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 2nd Embodiment has worn. It is a top view which shows the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the blade|wing provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the wind power generator which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the rotary wing machine which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the conventional blade and airflow generator. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the blade and the airflow generation device shown in FIG. 13.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a blade provided with an airflow generation device according to the first embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of a blade provided with the airflow generation device shown in FIG. In the figure, C is the chord direction, L is the blade length direction, and E is the chord line.

The airfoil 10 provided with the airflow generation device has a leading edge 11 and a trailing edge 12. Further, the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device has a blade main body 20 and an airflow generation unit 30. The wing body 20 mainly forms a wing. The airflow generation unit 30 is provided on the leading edge side of the blade body 20 and forms the leading edge portion of the blade. The airflow generation unit 30 is provided, for example, in the wing body 20 in a separable manner.

The airflow generation unit 30 includes a base material portion 31, a first electrode 32, and a second electrode 33. The base material part 31 mainly forms the airflow generating part 30. Specifically, the outer shape of the airflow generation unit 30 is defined. Further, it supports the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33.

The first electrode 32 is provided inside the base material portion 31 so as to extend in the chord direction C from the front edge 11 of the base material portion 31. The first electrode 32 is provided so that at least a part thereof is exposed at the front edge.

Here, extending in the chord direction C means extending in the chord direction C, that is, being longer in the chord direction C than in the same type of electrode in the conventional external airflow generator. The conventional electrode has, for example, a length in the chord direction of about several hundred μm.

In addition to the one extending in the chord direction C, the one extending in the same direction as the chord direction C and the one extending in a direction slightly inclined with respect to the chord direction C are included. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first electrode 32 extends in the same direction as the chord direction C so as to overlap the chord line E.

The second electrode 33 is provided inside the base material portion 31 so as to be on the trailing edge side of the first electrode 32. The second electrode 33 may have a front edge side end portion on the rear edge side with respect to the front edge side end portion of the first electrode 32.

The second electrode 33 is usually provided so as to extend in the chord direction C. Here, what extends in the chord direction C includes not only those extending in the same direction as the chord direction C but also those extending in a direction slightly inclined with respect to the chord direction C. The length of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C is not necessarily limited.

The first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 are provided so as to extend in the blade length direction L, as shown in FIG. 1, for example. That is, the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 each have a plate shape that extends in the chord direction C and the blade length direction L, respectively.

A voltage applying unit 42 is electrically connected to the airflow generating unit 30 via a connecting unit 41. When a voltage is applied to the airflow generating unit 30, a plasma airflow due to barrier discharge is generated on the surface of the airflow generating unit 30 and the separation of the flow around the blade is suppressed.

In the blade 10 including the airflow generation device of this embodiment, the airflow generation unit 30 can be easily attached to a predetermined position by using the airflow generation unit 30 at the front edge portion. That is, by setting the leading edge shape of the blade main body 20 to an appropriate shape in a state including the outer shape of the airflow generating portion 30, the airflow generating portion 30 can be easily attached, and the airflow generating portion 30 is predetermined. Can be easily attached to the position. Thereby, the air flow control effect can be sufficiently obtained.

Further, by setting the leading edge portion as the airflow generating portion 30, the restriction on the length in the chord direction C is reduced, and the first electrode 32 can be extended in the chord direction C. By extending the first electrode 32 in the chord direction C, the loss due to wear can be suppressed and the airflow control effect can be obtained for a long time. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, even if the leading edge side of the first electrode 32 is slightly worn, the trailing edge side portion remains. Thereby, the air flow control effect can be obtained for a long period of time.

Further, since the airflow generating unit 30 is detachably attached to the blade main body 20, only the airflow generating unit 30 can be replaced when the airflow generating unit 30 is worn or damaged. This facilitates maintenance and management of the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device.

The length W ₁ of the first electrode 32 in the chord direction C is preferably 1 mm or more. When the length W ₁ is 1 mm or more, the period in which the air flow control effect is maintained is significantly extended. The length W ₁ is more preferably 5 mm or more, and particularly preferably 10 mm or more. The length W ₁ may be such that the trailing edge side of the first electrode 32 overlaps the leading edge side of the second electrode 33, as shown in FIG. 4, for example.

The second electrode 33 is preferably provided so as not to be exposed even if the base material portion 31 is worn. If the second electrode 33 is exposed, it affects the generation of plasma airflow due to barrier discharge. The distance W ₂ between the front edge 11 and the second electrode 33 is preferably 1 mm or more. When the distance W ₂ is 1 mm or more, the second electrode 33 is hard to be exposed even if the base material portion 31 is worn. The distance W ₂ is more preferably 5 mm or more, particularly preferably 10 mm or more.

The base material portion 31 is made of a dielectric material. Examples of the dielectric material include resin materials such as silicone resin, epoxy resin, and fluororesin, and inorganic materials such as glass and ceramics. By using a resin material for the base material portion 31, flexibility can be imparted to the airflow generation portion 30. A material other than a resin material may be used for the base material portion 31. The first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 are made of a conductive material. Generally, a metal material is preferably used as the conductive material.

The blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment is characterized in that the leading edge portion is the airflow generation portion 30, and the first electrode 32 extends in the chord direction C. Thereby, the airflow generation unit 30 can be easily attached to a predetermined position, and a sufficient airflow control effect can be obtained. Further, it is possible to suppress the loss of the first electrode 32 due to wear, and it is possible to obtain the airflow control effect for a long period of time.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 5: is sectional drawing which shows the blade|wing 10 provided with the airflow generator which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
The first electrode 32 may be inclined with respect to the chord direction C. As such a thing, for example, as shown in the drawing, the distance to the second electrode 33 and the distance to the chord line E increase as the distance to the trailing edge side increases. The blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment is provided with the airflow generation device of the first embodiment, except that the first electrode 32 is inclined with respect to the chord direction C. It has the same configuration as.

When the first electrode 32 is inclined with respect to the chord direction C, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, even when the first electrode 32 is worn, the first electrode 32 (particularly, the exposed portion) and the first electrode 32 may be worn. The distance from the second electrode 33 (particularly, the portion close to the exposed portion) is almost constant without approaching. Therefore, the strength of the electric field related to the barrier discharge becomes substantially constant, and the frequency of adjusting the voltage applied to the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 decreases.

On the other hand, when the first electrode 32 does not incline with respect to the chord direction C, when the first electrode 32 is worn, for example, as shown in FIG. The distance to the second electrode 33 (particularly, the portion close to the exposed portion) becomes closer. This changes the strength of the electric field related to the barrier discharge, so that the frequency of adjusting the voltage applied to the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 in order to keep the electric field constant increases.

The inclination angle of the first electrode 32 with respect to the chord direction C can be appropriately set according to the positional relationship with the second electrode 33, and the like. Specifically, it is preferable that the inclination angle is such that the strength of the electric field is always constant regardless of the worn state of the first electrode 32.

In the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment, the first electrode 32 is particularly inclined with respect to the chord direction C. As a result, the electric field strength relating to the barrier discharge becomes substantially constant, and the frequency of adjusting the voltage applied to the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 decreases.

(Third Embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a wing according to the third embodiment.
The first electrode 32 may be formed discontinuously in the blade length direction L. In this case, although not shown, the voltage applying unit is connected to each continuous portion. In addition, the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment has the first electrode 32 except that the first electrode 32 is formed discontinuously and that the voltage application unit is connected to each continuous portion. It has the same configuration as the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the embodiment.

Even if the first electrode 32 is discontinuous, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as when the first electrode 32 is continuous. That is, when the plasma airflow is generated in the continuous portion, the gas in the discontinuous portion adjacent thereto also flows due to the influence of the viscosity. As a result, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as when the first electrode 32 is formed continuously.

In addition, since the voltage applying unit is connected to each continuous portion, even if an unexpected flying object collides and some of the continuous portions are damaged, the other continuous portions can function. Thereby, the reliability can be improved.

The lengths of the continuous portion and the discontinuous portion can be appropriately set in consideration of the fluidity and reliability of gas. For example, when importance is attached to the fluidity of gas, it is preferable to lengthen each continuous portion and shorten the discontinuous portion between them. Further, in the case of placing importance on reliability, it is preferable to shorten each continuous portion and lengthen the discontinuous portion between them.

In the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of this embodiment, the first electrode 32 is formed discontinuously. As a result, the reliability can be improved while obtaining the airflow control effect.

(Fourth Embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a wing according to the fourth embodiment.
The position of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C (distance W _{2 from the} leading edge) may change. The blade 10 including the airflow generating device of the present embodiment is different from the blade 10 including the airflow generating device of the third embodiment except that the position of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C changes. It has the same configuration as.

The second electrode 33 does not necessarily have to have a constant position in the chord direction C in the span direction L. The position of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C can be appropriately changed depending on the presence or absence of the first electrode 32. For example, as compared with the portion where the first electrode 32 is not provided, the portion where the first electrode 32 is provided can be on the trailing edge side.

Depending on the distance between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33, there is a risk that unwanted barrier discharge may occur due to unexpected attachment of conductive flying objects. When unnecessary barrier discharge occurs, an unexpectedly large current may flow and damage the voltage application unit.

By changing the position of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C, the distance between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 can be adjusted. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of unnecessary barrier discharge and suppress damage to the voltage application section.

In the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment, the position of the second electrode 33 in the chord direction C changes, in particular. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of unnecessary barrier discharge and suppress damage to the voltage application section.

(Fifth Embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a wing according to the fifth embodiment.
The airflow generation unit 30 can be composed of a plurality of units 34. Each unit 34 has a first electrode 32 and a second electrode 33. Further, a voltage applying unit (not shown) is connected to each unit 34.

The degree of wear and damage is not always constant in the spanwise direction L. For example, in the case of a rotor blade for wind power generation, the speed is different between the fixed end side and the opposite non-fixed end side in the spanwise direction. Specifically, the speed on the non-fixed end side is higher than that on the fixed end side. Therefore, the non-fixed end side is more likely to be worn and damaged than the fixed end side. By configuring the airflow generating unit 30 from the plurality of units 34, it is possible to replace only the portion that is worn or damaged. As a result, the replacement of unnecessary parts can be reduced.

The first electrode 32 may have a circular shape in plan view, for example. The circular shape can reduce the area viewed from the front edge side. As a result, contact with the fluid and unexpected collision with flying objects can be suppressed, and wear and damage can be suppressed.

When the first electrode 32 has a circular shape, the second electrode 33 preferably has an arc shape surrounding the rear edge side of the first electrode 32. By making the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 have the above shapes, the distance between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 can be made constant in each part. As a result, in each part, the strength of the electric field related to the barrier discharge can be made constant.

The outer diameter of the first electrode 32, the inner diameter, the outer diameter, etc. of the second electrode 33 can be appropriately set according to the strength of the electric field related to wear, damage, and barrier discharge. Further, in the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment, the airflow generation unit 30 is composed of a plurality of units 34, and the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 have a specific shape. Except for this, it has the same configuration as the blade 10 including the airflow generation device of the first embodiment.

In the blade 10 including the airflow generation device according to the present embodiment, the airflow generation unit 30 includes a plurality of units 34. As a result, the replacement of unnecessary parts can be reduced. Moreover, in the blade 10 including the airflow generation device of the present embodiment, the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 have a specific shape. As a result, wear and damage of the first electrode 32 are suppressed, and the strength of the electric field related to the barrier discharge becomes constant.

(Sixth Embodiment)
FIG. 10: is sectional drawing which shows the blade|wing which concerns on 6th Embodiment.
The blade body 20 may have a convex portion 21 on the front edge side, and the airflow generating unit 30 may cover such a convex portion 21. In addition, the blade 10 provided with the airflow generation device of the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the blade body 20 has the convex portion 21 and the airflow generation portion 30 covers the convex portion 21. The blade 10 has the same structure as the blade 10 including the airflow generator.

The convex portion 21 can have, for example, a substantially semicircular shape. In addition, the airflow generation unit 30 may have an arc shape so as to cover the convex portion 21. Specifically, the base material portion 31 has an arc shape so as to cover the convex portion 21, and the base material portion 31 is provided with the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33.

According to the blade 10 including the airflow generation device of the present embodiment, the volume of the airflow generation unit 30 is reduced by the amount of the convex portion 21. As a result, the amount of material required to manufacture the airflow generating unit 30 is reduced, and the amount of waste discarded by replacement is also reduced. Further, since the airflow generating unit 30 is lightened, its replacement becomes easy.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 11: is a figure which shows the wind power generator which concerns on 7th Embodiment.
The wind turbine generator 50 has a tower 51. The tower 51 has a lower end fixed to a base (not shown) embedded in the ground, and is provided so as to extend upward.

At the top of the tower 51, a nacelle 52 that houses a generator and the like is provided. The nacelle 52 rotates about the tower 51 to adjust the yaw angle. An anemometer 53 is provided above the nacelle 52 to measure the wind direction and the wind speed. The wind speed and wind direction measured by the wind direction anemometer 53 are output to a control unit (not shown). The control unit adjusts the yaw angle and the pitch angle according to the wind speed and the wind direction.

A rotor 54 is provided on the windward side of the nacelle 52. The rotor 54 has three rotor blades 55. The rotor blade 55 is supported by a rotating shaft (not shown) protruding from the nacelle 52. The rotor blade 55 includes the blade 10 including the airflow generation device according to the first to sixth embodiments. The operation of the airflow generation unit 30 is controlled by the control unit based on the measured wind speed and wind direction.

According to the wind turbine generator 50 of the present embodiment, since the rotor blades 55 are the blades 10 provided with the airflow generation devices of the first to sixth embodiments, it is possible to obtain a sufficient airflow control effect for a long time. it can.

(Eighth Embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a rotary wing machine according to the eighth embodiment.
The rotary wing machine 60 has a body 61. The body 61 has a front portion 62 and a rear portion 63 (for example, a tail portion) provided behind the front portion 62. A rotor hub system 64 is provided above the front portion 62. The rotor hub system 64 is provided with a plurality of rotor blades 65. Examples of rotary wing aircraft include helicopters, tilt rotor aircraft, cyclocopters, and gyrodynes.

The plurality of rotor blades 65 rotate about the rotor hub system 64. These rotor blades 65 are the blades 10 provided with the airflow generation devices of the first to sixth embodiments.

According to the rotary wing machine 60 of the present embodiment, since the rotor blade 65 includes the blade 10 including the airflow generation device of the first to sixth embodiments, it is possible to obtain a sufficient and long-term airflow control effect. it can.

In particular, since the rotor blades 65 of the rotary wing machine 60 are used in a complicated and harsh environment, the rotor blades 65 provided with the airflow generation devices of the first to sixth embodiments provide an airflow control effect. Is significantly improved, and the period during which the air flow control effect is maintained is significantly extended.

According to at least one embodiment described above, the airflow control effect can be obtained sufficiently and for a long time.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the scope equivalent thereto.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Blade provided with an air flow generation device, 11... Leading edge, 12... Trailing edge, 20... Wing body, 21... Convex part, 30... Air flow generating part, 31... Base material part, 32... First electrode, 33 ...Second electrode, 34...unit, 41...connecting part, 42...voltage applying part, 50...wind power generator, 51...tower, 52...nacelle, 53...wind direction anemometer, 54...rotor, 55...rotor blade, 60... Rotorcraft, 61... Fuselage, 62... Front part, 63... Rear part, 64... Rotor hub system, 65... Rotor blade

Claims (5)

A wing body, and an airflow generating portion that is provided on the front edge side of the wing body and forms a front edge portion of the wing,
The airflow generating portion includes a base material portion, a first electrode provided inside the base material portion so as to extend in a chord direction from a front edge of the base material portion, and a rear edge side of the first electrode. with an airflow generating device having a second electrode provided inside of the base portion such that,
The first electrode is formed discontinuously in the blade length direction,
The second electrode is a wing whose position in the chord direction is on the trailing edge side in a portion where the first electrode is formed rather than a portion where the first electrode is not formed . The wing provided with an airflow generation device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is inclined so that a distance from the second electrode with respect to the chord direction is not close. The airflow generating portion, the wing having an airflow generating device according to claim 1 or 2 is provided so as to be separated into the vane body. Wind turbine generator having a blade with an airflow generating device of any one of claims 1 to 3. A rotary wing machine having blades provided with the airflow generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .

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