JP6705733B2 - Silent stairs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an inner staircase constructed in a wooden construction, and more particularly to a silent staircase that can effectively reduce generation and transmission of noise and vibration during use.

There are various forms of small-scale two-story wooden condominiums for rent (for example, the number of occupying households is about 4 to 12), and conventionally, a shared staircase for occupying households on the second floor is installed on the outer wall of the building. The mainstream type is the type that has been used in recent years, but in recent years, entrances for resident households on the second floor have been installed on the first floor for each residential unit, and those for the second floor are for each residential unit on the first floor. There are also types that are arranged alternately with the entrance.

In this type of apartment, the occupants on the 2nd floor will enter and exit the living room on the 2nd floor through the separate entrance on the 1st floor and the inner stairs at the back. Are adjacent to each other with a boundary wall (the wall that separates each dwelling unit in an apartment house) separated from the living room of the dwelling unit on the first floor, which causes noise and vibration when using stairs.

More specifically, the inner stairs constructed in a wooden house have a problem that noise and vibration during ascending/descending are transmitted to other rooms. However, even if some noise or vibration occurs when going up and down the stairs, it does not pose a problem. When vibrations occur, problems may occur among the resident households.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-71029 Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 05-28824 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-159095 JP, 2016-89415, A

As a method for reducing noise and vibration generated when using stairs, it is known to dispose a vibration isolator made of an elastic material between a step plate and a member supporting the step plate (Patent Documents 1 to 1). 4). In this case, when a staircase user steps on the stairs, the shock acting on the stairs can be absorbed to some extent, and a noise and vibration reduction effect can be expected within a certain range. 4, the step plate 7 is fixed by driving the screw 15 so as to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5 as shown in FIG. Therefore, there is a problem that the effect of reducing noise and vibration by the vibration isolator 9 is halved.

The present invention is intended to solve such a problem in the conventional art, and can reduce noise and vibration during use more effectively, and a silent staircase that can be easily constructed. The purpose is to provide.

A silent staircase according to the present invention is configured by a side plate in a pedestal shape having a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, a step plate having both ends placed on the horizontal portion, and a vibration isolator made of an elastic material. Of the horizontal portion and/or the lower surface of the end of the step plate is formed with a recess having a size corresponding to the length dimension of the vibration isolator, and the lower half and/or the upper half of the vibration isolator is formed in the recess. While being fitted, a gap is formed between the horizontal portion of the side plate and the lower surface of the step plate, and the concave portion (the concave portion of the side plate and/or the concave portion of the step plate) and the vibration isolator are bonded. It is characterized by being joined only by the agent. At least two recesses are formed at one horizontal portion of the side plate and/or one end of the step plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the side plate, and a vibration damping material is fitted in each recess. Preferably.

Further, it is preferable to use, as the vibration isolator, one in which a large number of protrusions are formed on one surface of the flat plate-shaped base portion, the concave portion is formed only in the horizontal portion of the side plate, and the vibration isolator of the step plate is formed. When screws are attached to the lower surface, the vibration-proof material is brought into contact with the lower surface of the step plate with the protrusion facing downward, and the screw is driven into the position between the protrusions from the lower side, It is preferable that the portion is arranged above the lower end of the protrusion.

Also, when the recess is formed only on the lower surface of the end of the step plate and the antivibration material is screwed to the horizontal portion of the side plate, the antivibration material is placed on the horizontal portion of the side plate with the protrusion facing upward. It is preferable that the screw is abutted and driven into a position between the protrusions from above so that the head of the screw is located below the upper end of the protrusion.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the tip surfaces of the protrusions of the vibration isolator are flat, and that the amount of protrusion of each protrusion from the base is uniform.

In the silent staircase according to the present invention, since the vibration isolator and the recess of the side plate or the step plate are joined only by the adhesive (without driving the screw penetrating from the step plate to the side plate), the staircase is not used when using the stairs. The noise generated when the plate receives a load and the vibration transmitted to the outside can be effectively reduced. Further, since the vibration isolator has a structure that fits into the recess of the side plate or the step plate, it is possible to preferably prevent the vibration isolator and the step plate from moving in the horizontal direction.

Further, the silent staircase according to the present invention can be easily constructed by a simple work. In addition, when a special shape vibration damping material (vibration damping material with many protrusions formed on one surface of the flat base) is placed between the step plate and the horizontal portion of the side plate, Vibration can be effectively reduced.

FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a silent staircase according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the step plate 7, riser plate 8 and the like shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vibration isolator 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a step plate 7, a riser plate 8 and the like in a conventional silent staircase. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a test model 21 (Comparative Example 1) and a test model 22 (Invention 1) of a silent staircase used in a test (Example) conducted on noise and vibration reduction performance. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a test model 23 (Comparative Example 2) of a silent staircase and a test model 24 (present invention 2) used in a test (Example) conducted on noise and vibration reduction performance. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of tests (Examples) performed on noise and vibration reduction performance.

An embodiment of a silent staircase according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a silent staircase 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view thereof. As shown in these drawings, the silent staircase 1 includes a side plate 5 having a horizontal platform 5a and a vertical portion 5b, and a step plate 7 having both ends placed on the horizontal portion 5a. It is composed of a riser plate 8 whose both ends are in contact with the vertical portion 5b, and a vibration-proof material 9 (vibration-proof rubber) made of an elastic material.

The most characteristic feature of the silent staircase 1 of the present embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 2, no screw penetrating from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5 is driven in. In the conventional silent staircase, as shown in FIG. 4, the step plate 7 is fixed by driving the screw 15 so as to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5. Therefore, the vibration is transmitted from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5, and there is a problem that the noise and vibration reducing effect of the vibration isolator 9 is halved. However, in the silent staircase 2 of the present embodiment, the vibration isolation is performed. Since the material 9 and the side plate 5 are bonded only by the adhesive, it is possible to preferably avoid the transmission of vibration from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5 via the screw, and effectively reduce noise and vibration. You can

In the silent staircase 1 of the present embodiment, the vibration isolator 9 is fixed to the step plate 7 by the screw 14 driven from below as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the conventional silent staircase, as the vibration damping material 9, a portion of the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5 on which the step plate 7 is placed (the overlapping portion of the horizontal portion 5a and the step plate 7). ), a length equal to the length dimension of) is used, and the vibration isolator 9 is arranged over the entire overlapped portion of the horizontal portion 5a and the step plate 7. However, in the present embodiment, about 30 of the overlapped portion is used. The vibration-damping material 9 having a length dimension of 60% (60 mm) is arranged at both ends of the step plate 7 at intervals of two in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal portion 5a.

In this way, when the structure is such that the screw penetrating from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5 is not driven and the vibration-proof material 9 and the side plate 5 are joined only by the adhesive, the force exceeding the adhesive force of the adhesive is given by the step plate. 7 acts on the step plate 7 and the vibration isolator 9 in the horizontal direction (right side in FIGS. 1 and 2), but in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, two recesses 5c each having a size corresponding to the length of the vibration isolator 9 are formed in each horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5, and each of the two vibration isolator 9 is formed. The lower half portion has a structure that fits into the recess 5c. Therefore, it is possible to preferably prevent the step plate 7 and the vibration isolator 9 from moving in the horizontal direction.

In the present embodiment, the depth dimension of the recess 5c is set to 7 mm, and the total thickness dimension of the vibration isolator 9 fitted in the recess 5c is 10 mm. As shown in, a gap (3 mm) is formed between the lower surface of the step plate 7 and the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a large number of columnar protrusions 9b (diameter 8 mm) are provided on one surface of the flat plate-shaped base portion 9a, more specifically, 24 protrusions (at least 8 protrusions or more). The formed vibration damping material 9 (rubber hardness A60 (unit: Hs)) is used. The thickness dimension of the base portion 9a and the protrusion dimension of the projection 9b of the vibration isolator 9 are both set to 5 mm (the total thickness dimension is 10 mm).

A screw 14 (see FIG. 2) for fixing the vibration isolator 9 to the step plate 7 is driven into a position between the protrusions 9b shown in FIG. It can be located above the lower end (near the lower surface of the base 9a), and when the vibration damping material 9 is fitted into the recess 5c of the side plate 5, the screw 14 can be in a state of not contacting the recess 5c. ..

The adhesive used for joining the vibration isolator 9 and the side plate 5 (recess 5c) is applied to the lower surface of each protrusion 9b and the gap of the vibration isolator 9. Therefore, the lower surface (tip surface) of each protrusion 9b of the vibration isolator 9 is preferably flat so that the bonding area with the recess 5c is as large as possible. The amount of protrusion is preferably uniform.

A groove 7a as shown in FIG. 1 is formed on the lower surface of the step plate 7 along the edge portion on the front end side, and when the step plate 7 is placed on the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5, the groove 7a is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper edge 8a of the riser plate 8 arranged on the lower side can be inserted into the groove 7a to be fitted therein.

In the silent staircase of the present embodiment, as described above, the vibration isolator 9 and the side plate 5 are joined only by the adhesive (the structure does not allow the screws to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5). Moreover, since the vibration isolator 9 having a special shape is arranged between the step plate 7 and the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5 supporting the step plate 7, when the step plate 7 receives a load when using the stairs. The generated noise and the vibration transmitted to the outside can be effectively reduced.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the recess 5c into which the vibration isolator 9 is fitted is formed in the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5, and the vibration isolator 9 has the protrusion 9b. Although fixed to the lower surface of the step plate 7 with screws 14 in the downward direction, a recess into which the vibration isolator 9 fits is formed on the lower surface of the step plate 7 (not shown), and the vibration isolator 9 is , The protrusion 9b is fixed to the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5 with the screw 14 in the upward direction, and the upper half of the vibration isolator 9 is fitted into the recess (not shown) of the step plate 7 and Even if the vibrating material 9 and the recessed portion (not shown) of the step plate 7 are joined by an adhesive applied to the upper surface and the gap of each projection 9b of the vibration isolating material 9, the step plate 7 may be fixed. Good.

Further, the recesses into which the vibration isolator 9 fits are formed on both the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5 and the lower surface of the step plate 7 so that the vibration isolator 9 fits into these recesses and is made by an adhesive. You may make it join the step board 7 and the vibration isolator 9, and the vibration isolator 9 and the side plate 5. However, also in this case, it is necessary to form a gap (about 3 mm) between the step plate 7 and the horizontal portion 5a of the side plate 5 as in the first embodiment.

Further, in the first embodiment, as the vibration isolator 9, the one having a large number of columnar protrusions 9b as shown in FIG. 3 is used. However, instead of the vibration isolator 9, It is also possible to use a flat plate-shaped vibration isolator (not shown) having a uniform thickness dimension and flat upper and lower surfaces. However, when fixing the flat plate vibration-proof material to the step plate with screws, a counterbore with a size that allows the screw head to be swallowed on the surface opposite to the surface that contacts the step plate. It is necessary that the screw head does not come into contact with the recess of the side plate when the vibration damping material is fitted into the recess of the side plate. On the contrary, the same applies when the antivibration material is screwed to the side plate and fitted into the recess of the step plate.

Hereinafter, the results of tests conducted on the noise and vibration reduction performance of the silent staircase according to the present invention will be described as examples of the present invention.

A test model 21 (Comparative Example 1) of a silent staircase as shown in FIG. 5, a test model 22 (Invention 1), and a test model 23 (Comparative Example 2) as shown in FIG. 6 and a test model 24 (Invention of the invention). 2) was prepared, and the impact ball 11 was dropped onto the step plate 7 from a height of 30 cm, and the vibration transmitted to the floor plate 12 below the step plate 7 was measured by an acceleration pickup.

More specifically, both the test model 21 (Comparative Example 1) and the test model 22 (Invention 1) shown in FIG. 5 have a thickness between the left and right side plates 5 and 5 and both ends of the step plate 7. A flat plate-shaped vibration isolator 9 having a uniform size and flat upper and lower surfaces is arranged. The vibration-proof material 9 had a thickness of 10 mm and a length of 210 mm, which was the same as the length of the upper end surface of the side plate 5. Further, in the test model 21 of Comparative Example 1, similarly to the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, the step plate 7 was fixed by the screw driven so as to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5. On the other hand, in the test model 22 of the first invention, the piercing screw was not driven, and the step plate 7 was fixed only by the adhesive applied to the vibration isolator 9.

The test model 23 (Comparative Example 2) and the test model 24 (Invention 2) shown in FIG. 6 are both anti-vibration shown in FIG. 3 between the left and right side plates 5, 5 and both ends of the step plate 7. Two pieces of material 9 (one-sided projection-shaped vibration-damping material 9 in which a large number of columnar projections 9b are formed on one surface of a flat plate-shaped base portion 9a) are provided on each of the horizontal portions of the left and right side plates 5 and 5, respectively. They were arranged at intervals. The thickness of one vibration isolator 9 was 10 mm, and the length thereof was 60 mm (about 30% of the length of the upper end surface of the side plate 5). Further, in the test model 23 of Comparative Example 2, similarly to the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, the step plate 7 was fixed by the screw driven so as to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5. On the other hand, in the test model 24 of the present invention 2, the piercing screw was not driven, and the step plate 7 was fixed only by the adhesive applied to the vibration isolator 9.

Since this test is for confirming the noise and vibration reduction performance, the test model 22 of the present invention 1 (FIG. 5) and the test model 24 of the present invention 2 (FIG. 6) are shown in FIG. The concave portion 5c as shown in FIG. 2 was not formed, and the horizontal portion of each side plate 5 had a flat shape.

(Shape/Thickness/Length/Width of vibration isolator)
Comparative Example 1: Flat plate shape (see FIG. 4)/10 mm/210 mm/40 mm
Invention 1: flat plate shape (see FIG. 4)/10 mm/210 mm/40 mm
Comparative Example 2: Single-sided projection shape (see FIG. 3)/10 mm/60 mm/40 mm
Invention 2: Single-sided projection shape (see FIG. 3)/10 mm/60 mm/40 mm

(Number of anti-vibration materials arranged)
Comparative Example 1: 2 sheets (1 sheet at each horizontal part of the left and right side plates 5, 5)
Invention 1: Two (one for each horizontal part of the left and right side plates 5, 5)
Comparative Example 2: 4 sheets (2 sheets at intervals on each horizontal part of the left and right side plates 5, 5)
Invention 2: 4 sheets (2 sheets at intervals on each horizontal part of the left and right side plates 5, 5)

(Fixed mode of step plate)
Comparative Example 1: Fixing by Passing Screws from Step Plate 7 to Side Plate 5 Present Invention 1: Adhesive Fixing of Step Plate 7 and Vibration Isolator 9, and Vibration Isolator 9 and Side Plate 5 (No Screws Used)
Comparative Example 2: Fixing by Penetrating Screws from Step Plate 7 to Side Plate 5 Invention 2: Adhering and fixing step plate 7 and vibration isolator 9, and vibration isolator 9 and side plate 5 (without screws)

FIG. 7 shows measurement results of vibrations in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 (test models 21 and 23) and Inventions 1 and 2 (test models 22 and 24). The numerical value on the vertical axis in the graph of FIG. 7 indicates that the step plate 7 is directly placed on the side plate 5 without placing the vibration isolator 9 as shown in FIGS. The difference from the measurement result of the vibration when the impact ball 11 is dropped is displayed as a reduction amount (dB).

As shown in FIG. 7, in any of the octave band centered at 125 Hz, the octave band centered at 250 Hz, and the octave band centered at 500 Hz, the screw penetrating from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5 is not driven. The test model 22 of the present invention 1 in which the step plate 7 is fixed only by the adhesive applied to the vibration isolator 9 and the test model 24 of the present invention 2 are driven so as to penetrate from the step plate 7 to the side plate 5. It was confirmed that the vibration can be reduced more effectively than the test model 21 of Comparative Example 1 and the test model 23 of Comparative Example 2 in which the step plate 7 is fixed by screws.

Further, the test model 24 of the present invention 2 using the vibration isolator 9 having a single-sided projection shape (see FIG. 3) is more than the test model 22 of the present invention 1 using the flat plate-like vibration isolator 9 (see FIG. 4). It was confirmed that the vibration can be reduced more effectively.

1: Quiet stairs,
5: side plate,
5a: horizontal part,
5b: vertical part,
5c: recess,
7: Step board,
7a: groove,
8: riser,
8a: upper edge,
9: Anti-vibration material,
9a: base,
9b: protrusion,
11: Impact ball,
12: floor board,
14, 15: screw,
21: test model (Comparative Example 1),
22: test model (invention 1),
23: Test model (Comparative Example 2),
24: Test model (Invention 2)

Claims (5)

A side plate in the form of a pedestal having a horizontal part and a vertical part, a step plate having both ends mounted on the horizontal part, and a vibration isolator made of an elastic material,
On the lower surface of the horizontal portion of the side plate and/or the end portion of the step plate, a recess having a size corresponding to the length dimension of the vibration isolator is formed,
The lower half and/or the upper half of the vibration isolator is fitted in the recess, and a gap is formed between the horizontal portion of the side plate and the lower surface of the step plate,
The concave portion and the vibration isolator are joined only by the adhesive ,
A silent staircase characterized in that a plate-shaped base having a large number of protrusions formed on one surface thereof is used as a vibration-proof material . At least two recesses are formed at one horizontal portion of the side plate and/or one end of the step plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the side plate, and a vibration isolator is fitted in each recess. The silent staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that. The recess is formed in the horizontal part of the side plate, the vibration-proof material is brought into contact with the lower surface of the step plate with the projection facing downward, and the screw is driven into the position between the projection from the lower side and the head of the screw 2. The silent stairs according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration-proof material is screwed to the lower surface of the step plate so that is located above the lower end of the protrusion. The recess is formed on the lower surface of the end of the step plate, the vibration-proof material is brought into contact with the horizontal portion of the side plate in the direction in which the projection is on the upper side, and the screw is driven into the position between the projection from the upper side, The silent stairs according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration-proof material is screwed to the horizontal portion of the side plate so that the head of the screw is located below the upper end of the protrusion. The silent staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein each of the protrusions of the vibration-proof material has a flat tip surface, and the protrusion amount of each protrusion from the base is uniform.

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