JP6688442B1 - 波長可変フィルタ及び光学システム - Google Patents
波長可変フィルタ及び光学システム Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
- G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/264—Optical coupling means with optical elements between opposed fibre ends which perform a function other than beam splitting
- G02B6/266—Optical coupling means with optical elements between opposed fibre ends which perform a function other than beam splitting the optical element being an attenuator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
- G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
- G02B6/29368—Light guide comprising the filter, e.g. filter deposited on a fibre end
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2826—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing
- G02B6/283—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing couplers being tunable or adjustable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
- G02B6/29311—Diffractive element operating in transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
- G02B6/3544—2D constellations, i.e. with switching elements and switched beams located in a plane
- G02B6/3548—1xN switch, i.e. one input and a selectable single output of N possible outputs
- G02B6/3552—1x1 switch, e.g. on/off switch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
- G02B6/3584—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details constructional details of an associated actuator having a MEMS construction, i.e. constructed using semiconductor technology such as etching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3586—Control or adjustment details, e.g. calibrating
- G02B6/3588—Control or adjustment details, e.g. calibrating of the processed beams, i.e. controlling during switching of orientation, alignment, or beam propagation properties such as intensity, size or shape
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3594—Characterised by additional functional means, e.g. means for variably attenuating or branching or means for switching differently polarized beams
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)第一実施形態
図1に示す本実施形態の波長可変フィルタ100は、コントローラ10により制御され、波長の通過帯域を変更可能に構成される。波長可変フィルタ100及びコントローラ10は、光通信機器に内蔵される。
上述した第一実施形態では、第一ビーム整形レンズ130と第二ビーム整形レンズ140との間の焦点位置に、分離フィルタ170を配置し、分離フィルタ170の機能により、特定波長帯以外の波長成分を、光検出器180に誘導した。しかしながら、特定波長帯以外の波長成分は、出力光ファイバ115の端面に反射膜115Cを設けることにより、光検出器181に誘導されてもよい。
続いて第二実施形態の波長可変フィルタ200の構成を説明する。図8に示す波長可変フィルタ200は、入出力ファイバ210と、ビーム整形レンズ230と、回折格子250と、角度可変ミラー260と、波長セレクタ270と、光検出器280と、を備える。
第二実施形態では、波長可変フィルタ200がトップハット形状のフィルタ特性を有することから、光検出器280において検出される光強度の変化は、図10に示すように、最小値付近で、印加電圧の変化に対して緩やかである。そのため、上述した手法で、角度可変ミラー260の駆動電圧Vdを決定しても、波長可変フィルタ200の通過帯域と信号成分との波長合わせを、高精度に行うことができない可能性がある。
以上では、変形例を含む第一実施形態及び第二実施形態の波長可変フィルタ100,200の構成を説明したが、本開示は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、種々の態様をとることができる。
Claims (5)
- 波長可変フィルタと、
コントローラと、
を備える光学システムであって、
前記波長可変フィルタが、
入力部と、
前記入力部からの入力光を分散させる回折格子と、
前記回折格子により分散した前記入力光を反射する、角度変更可能な反射面を有する可変ミラーと、
前記可変ミラーで反射された前記入力光のうち、正規光路を通る、前記反射面の角度に応じた中心波長を有する特定波長帯の光を出力する出力部と、
前記特定波長帯の光を通過させるためのアパーチャを有する前記正規光路上に設けられた反射ミラーであって、前記特定波長帯とは別の、前記アパーチャの径方向外側を伝播する前記中心波長から離れた波長帯の光を反射するように構成された反射ミラーと、
前記反射ミラーにより反射された前記中心波長から離れた波長帯の光を受光し、その光強度を検出する光検出器と、
を備え、
前記コントローラが、前記光検出器により検出される光強度を最小化するように前記可変ミラーの前記反射面の角度を制御する光学システム。 - 前記アパーチャが、前記正規光路上の前記特定波長帯の光が集光する焦点位置に配置された請求項1記載の光学システム。
- 波長可変フィルタであって、
入力部と、
前記入力部からの入力光を分散させる回折格子と、
前記回折格子により分散した前記入力光を反射する、角度変更可能な反射面を有する可変ミラーと、
前記可変ミラーで反射された前記入力光のうち、正規光路を通る、前記反射面の角度に応じた中心波長を有する特定波長帯の光を選択的に反射する、前記正規光路上に設けられた波長選択要素と、
前記可変ミラーで反射された前記入力光のうち、前記波長選択要素によって反射された前記特定波長帯の光を出力する出力部と、
前記可変ミラーで反射された前記入力光の前記波長選択要素に対する進行方向下流側で、前記特定波長帯とは別の、前記波長選択要素により反射されない前記中心波長から離れた波長帯の光を受光し、その光強度を検出する光検出器と、
を備える波長可変フィルタ。 - 前記波長選択要素は、中央領域の反射率が前記中央領域の周囲に位置する周囲領域の反射率よりも高く、前記周囲領域が前記入力光に対して透過性を有する反射面を有し、前記特定波長帯の光を、前記中心波長に近い波長成分ほど高い反射率で反射するように構成される請求項3記載の波長可変フィルタ。
- 請求項3又は請求項4記載の波長可変フィルタと、
前記光検出器により検出される光強度を最小化するように、前記波長可変フィルタが備える前記可変ミラーの前記反射面の角度を制御するコントローラと、
を備える光学システム。
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US7346234B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2008-03-18 | Capella Photonics | Reduction of MEMS mirror edge diffraction in a wavelength selective switch using servo-based multi-axes rotation |
US7899330B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2011-03-01 | Dicon Fiberoptics, Inc. | Compact high-resolution tunable optical filter using optical diffraction element and a mirror |
JP4898484B2 (ja) | 2007-02-20 | 2012-03-14 | サンテック株式会社 | 光可変フィルタ |
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