JP6676931B2 - Measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method, for example, to a device and a method for measuring a diameter of a raceway of a bearing ring for a rolling bearing.

For example, the track formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring of the ball bearing is formed as an arc-shaped groove in cross section, and the maximum diameter of this groove, that is, the diameter at the groove bottom position is measured, and the processing dimension is determined. Confirmation (inspection) is performed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
The following are known as devices for performing such measurement. As shown in FIG. 12, the measurement device includes a first contact 91, a second contact 92, a third contact 93, a movable member 94 on which the third contact 93 is mounted, and a movable member 94. It has a guide member 95 for guiding along L0, an elastic member (compression spring) 96 for pressing the third contact 93 against the track 98 of the outer ring 99, and a displacement gauge 97.

  In order to measure the diameter D1 of the track 98, it is assumed that the three contacts 91, 92, 93 are in contact with the track 98. The first contact 91 and the second contact 92 are arranged in line symmetry about the reference line L0 and are fixed to the apparatus base, while the third contact 93 is along the reference line L0. Mobile. Thus, the displacement of the movable member 94 on which the third contact 93 is mounted is measured by the displacement meter 97, and the diameter D1 at the groove bottom position of the track 98 is obtained based on the measured value.

  In the process of obtaining the diameter D1, the displacement of the movable member 94 has already been obtained by the displacement meter 97 for the outer ring (work master) whose dimensions are known. Then, with the processed outer ring 99 as an actual measurement target, the displacement of the movable member 94 is determined by the displacement meter 97, and based on the measurement value of the outer ring 99 that is the actual measurement target, based on the measurement value by the work master, The diameter D1 of the track 98 is determined.

JP 2006-47060 A (see FIG. 2)

  As a preparation for performing measurement using the above-described measuring device, first, the outer ring 99 is installed at a predetermined position outside the three contacts 91, 92, and 93. At this time, the movable member 94 has a large escape amount Y (See FIG. 13) (to the right in FIG. 13). By pulling the lever 94a attached to the movable member 94, the operator can easily move (release) the movable member 94 against the elastic force of the elastic member 96. The relief amount Y needs to be equal to or greater than the difference between the diameter D1 of the outer ring 99 in the track 98 and the diameter D2 of the shoulder 99a, and varies depending on the model number of the bearing, but is about several millimeters or more. It may be.

Then, when the pulling force of the lever 94a is released after the outer ring 99 is set at the predetermined position, the third contact 93 moves to the left in FIG. 13 by the elastic force (restoring force) of the elastic member 96, and as shown in FIG. As shown, the track 98 comes into contact with the track 98 and is further pressed, whereby a state where a measured load is applied is obtained.
However, if the escape amount Y is as large as about several millimeters and the escape amount Y varies from one trial to another, there is a variation in how the third contact 93 is applied to the trajectory 98 (applied force). In some cases, the contact state of the contacts 91, 92, and 93 with the track 98 is different, and the measured load may be different. If the contact state (measurement load) differs in each trial, the stability of the measurement accuracy is impaired, and a measurement error is likely to occur.
In the above description, the measurement target is the outer ring 99 of the ball bearing, but the same applies to the case of measuring the track formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring of the ball bearing.

  Then, an object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device and a measuring method which can stabilize a contact state of a contact with a measuring object surface of a cylindrical work.

  The present invention includes a first contact and a second contact that are arranged in line symmetry with respect to a reference line, and a third contact located on the reference line, and is installed around a point on the reference line. By bringing the first contact, the second contact and the third contact into contact with any one of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece to be measured, A measuring device for measuring a diameter, comprising: a movable member mounted with the third contact and movable in a direction parallel to the reference line; and a movable member attached to the movable member in a direction parallel to the reference line. An elastic member for urging the third contact against the surface to be measured, a displacement meter for measuring a displacement amount of the movable member, and a position changeable between a retracted position and a restricted position. Regulation for changing the allowable movement amount of the movable member The regulating member allows the movable member to move by a first allowable movement amount in the retracted position, and moves the movable member to the first moving position in the regulated position. The second movable permissible amount smaller than the permissible amount is made movable.

According to this measuring device, when the cylindrical workpiece is installed, the regulating member is set to the retracted position. Thereby, the movable member on which the third contact is mounted can be moved by the first movement allowable amount, so that the first contact, the second contact, the third contact and the cylindrical work do not interfere with each other. In addition, it is possible to install a cylindrical work. Then, the third contact is pressed against the surface to be measured by the elastic member, and the first contact, the second contact, and the third contact can be brought into contact with the surface to be measured. Next, the regulating member is set to the regulating position. Thereby, the movable member is moved by a small second movement allowable amount to form a minute gap between the third contact and the surface to be measured, and then the movable member is urged by the elastic member to cause the third contact to move. Can be pressed against the surface to be measured to eliminate the minute gap.
As described above, by setting the movable member to the retracted position, the amount of movement of the movable member can be increased, and the cylindrical workpiece can be installed at a predetermined position. The movement amount of the third contact can be reduced (the same size as the minute gap), so that the method of applying the third contact to the surface to be measured hardly varies, and the contact of the cylindrical workpiece to the surface to be measured can be reduced. Can be stabilized.

Further, the cylindrical work is an outer ring or an inner ring of a ball bearing, and the first allowable movement amount is equal to or larger than a difference between a diameter of a track of the outer ring or the inner ring and a diameter of a shoulder of the outer ring or the inner ring. Is preferred.
In this case, it is possible to measure the diameter of the race of the outer race or the race of the inner race of the ball bearing.

Further, the measuring device further includes an apparatus base and a fixing member fixed to the apparatus base, wherein the restricting member is moved with respect to the apparatus base in the restricting position. It is preferable that the movable member and the fixed member are interposed between the movable member and the fixed member, and are separated from the movable member and the fixed member in the retracted position.
Thereby, the movable member can be moved about the first allowable movement amount in the state where the regulating member is at the retreat position, and the movable member can be moved about the small second allowable movement amount in the state where the regulating member is in the regulating position. The configuration to be performed is easily obtained.

In addition, the present invention uses the above-described measuring device, the first contact and the second contact are arranged in line symmetry with respect to the reference line, and the third contact located on the reference line, the reference A method for measuring the diameter of the measurement target surface by contacting any one of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical work to be installed around a point on the line, Until the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the cylindrical workpiece do not interfere with each other, the movable member on which the third contact is mounted is allowed to move in the direction parallel to the reference line. After moving the capacity, the installation step of installing the cylindrical workpiece, and after the installation step, pressing the third contact against the surface to be measured, the first contact, the second contact and the third contact Contact each other with the surface to be measured. A preparing step of setting a state, and a measuring step of measuring a displacement amount of the movable member in order to obtain a diameter on the measurement target surface, wherein in the preparing step, the movable member is moved from the first allowable movement amount. after forming the inter-gap between moved between said third contact and the measurement target surface for the even smaller second moving allowance the measured the third contact biases the movable member against the surface to eliminate inter-person 該隙, then performs the measurement process.

  According to this measuring method, in the installation step, the amount of movement of the movable member can be increased, and the cylindrical workpiece can be installed at a predetermined position. In the preparation step, the amount of movement of the movable member can be reduced, and After forming a minute gap between the contact and the surface to be measured, the movable member is urged to press the third contact against the surface to be measured (eliminating the minute gap). This makes it difficult for a variation in how the third contact is applied to the surface to be measured, and stabilizes the contact state of the contact with the surface to be measured of the cylindrical workpiece.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes difficult to produce variation in how to apply the third contact to the measurement target surface, and it is possible to stabilize the contact state of the contact with the measurement target surface of the cylindrical workpiece. As a result, when the measurement is repeatedly performed, occurrence of variation in the measurement accuracy is suppressed.

It is a top view showing the outline of one embodiment of a measuring device. It is sectional drawing which looked at the measuring device shown in FIG. 1 from the side. It is explanatory drawing of a control member, and has shown the state in which the control member rotates upward and is in a retracted position. It is explanatory drawing of a control member, and has shown the state in which the control member rotates downward and is in a control position. It is a flowchart explaining a measuring method. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measuring device for describing steps included in a measuring method. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measuring device for describing steps included in a measuring method. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measuring device for describing steps included in a measuring method. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measuring device for describing steps included in a measuring method. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a measuring device when an object to be measured is an inner ring. It is sectional drawing which looked at the measuring device shown in FIG. 10 from the side. It is the schematic of the conventional measuring device. It is the schematic of the conventional measuring device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[About the measuring device]
FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an embodiment of the measuring device. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the measuring device shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the side. The measuring apparatus 10 has one (part of) the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece as a measurement target surface, and is used for measuring a diameter on the measurement target surface. The measuring device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a device for measuring the diameter of the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical work. In particular, in the present embodiment, the cylindrical work is an outer ring 6 for a ball bearing. This is for measuring the diameter D1 of the track 7 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the. Since the raceway 7 of the outer race 6 of the ball bearing is formed as an arc-shaped groove in cross section, the maximum diameter of this groove, that is, the diameter D1 at the groove bottom position, is measured. That is, the trajectory 7 is set as the measurement target surface.

  The measuring device 10 includes the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, the movable member 20, the guide members 31, 32, the elastic member 25, the displacement gauges (41, 42), and the regulating member 50. Have. Further, the measuring device 10 includes a device base 9 installed on a work table, and a fixing member 19 fixed to the device base 9. Further, the measuring device 10 includes a work receiving portion 38 and the arithmetic device 15.

The device base 9 is a flat plate-shaped member on which the above-mentioned devices are provided.
The fixing member 19 is fixed to the device base 9 and includes a fixing block 19a and a plurality of rods 19b extending from the fixing block 19a in a direction parallel to the reference line L0.
In the measuring device 10, a reference line L0 is defined. In FIG. 1, a reference line L0 is a vertical bisector of a line connecting the contact point between the first contact 11 and the track 7 and the contact point between the second contact 12 and the track 7, and It is a straight line parallel to the surface direction of the table 9 (a straight line in the horizontal direction in this embodiment). This reference line L0 serves as a reference for the arrangement of each device and the position of the outer ring 6 to be measured. As will be described in a later measurement method, the point Q on the reference line L0 and the center (center point C) of the outer ring 6 are made to coincide with each other, and the outer ring 6 is set on the measuring device 10 so that the diameter of the track 7 is changed. The measurement of D1 is performed.

  The work receiving portion 38 is for supporting the outer ring 6 from below, and has a horizontal beam portion 38a on which the outer ring 6 is mounted and a column portion 38b for supporting the horizontal beam portion 38a. The horizontal beam portion 38a has a Y-shape in plan view, and the outer ring 6 can be placed on the upper surface thereof. The upper surface (mounting surface) of the horizontal beam portion 38a is parallel to the reference line L0 and forms a horizontal plane. The column 38b is attached to the apparatus base 9 and supports the horizontal beam 38a.

  The first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are respectively attached to support members 14 fixed to the device base 9, and the contacts 11 and 12 are located at the same height and are viewed in plan. (See FIG. 1) are arranged symmetrically about the reference line L0. The first contact 11 and the second contact 12 have a ball shape and make point contact with the track 7 of the outer ring 6 placed on the work receiving portion 38.

  On the device base 9, the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are in a fixed state, while the third contact 13 is movable. The third contact 13 is located at the same height as the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 (see FIG. 2), and is located on the reference line L0 in plan view (see FIG. 1). ing. That is, the third contact 13 is movable along the reference line L0. A movable member 20 and guide members 31 and 32 are provided to make the third contact 13 movable. The third contact 13 has a ball shape, and makes point contact with the track 7 of the outer ring 6 placed on the work receiving portion 38.

The guide members 31 and 32 of the present embodiment are LM guides (registered trademark), and the guide members 31 and 32 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the reference line L0 in plan view. The guide members 31 and 32 are arranged in parallel, and have a configuration that movably supports the movable member 20 (movable base 20a described later) with a direction parallel to the reference line L0 as a guide direction. The movable member 20 is integrally formed with the movable base 20a movable along the guide members 31 and 32, the support member 20b fixed to the movable base 20a, and the movable base 20a with the fixed member 19 interposed therebetween. And a movable block 20d. The third contact 13 is attached to the support member 20b.
As described above, the movable member 20 has the third contact 13 mounted thereon and is movable in a direction parallel to the reference line L0. The guide members 31 and 32 guide the movable member 20 along the reference line L0. Is obtained.

  A plurality of through holes 20c parallel to the reference line L0 are formed in the movable block 20d of the movable base 20a, and the rod 19b is inserted therethrough. An elastic member 25 made of a coil spring is provided between the movable block 20d and the fixed block 19a so as to be fitted on the rod 19b. In the present embodiment, the elastic member 25 is a compression coil spring. Thereby, the elastic member 25 can press the third contact 13 mounted on the movable member 20 against the track 5.

  In the present embodiment, since a pair (a pair of upper and lower in FIG. 1) of the rods 19b are provided so as to be symmetric with respect to the reference line L0, the elastic members 25 provided along the rods 19b are provided. Is also provided on both sides of the reference line L0, so that the pair of elastic members 25 are symmetrical about the reference line L0 in the movable block 20d of the movable member 20 with respect to the axis. The pressing positions P1 and P2 can be pressed. According to this configuration, the movable member 20 is easily pushed in a direction parallel to the reference line L0, and the inclination of the movable member 20 can be suppressed as much as possible. The shape (length) and the elastic coefficient of the pair of elastic members 25 are the same.

  Further, in addition to this configuration, the elastic member 25 may be provided on the central rod 19b. The elastic member 25 urges the movable member 20 in a direction parallel to the reference line L0 in both the case where it is provided on the rods 19b on both sides and the case where it is provided in the center rod 19b. A configuration in which the third contact 13 can be pressed against the track 7 is obtained.

  A lever 26 operated by an operator is attached to the movable base 20a. By pulling the lever 26, the movable member 20 (third contact 13) can be moved in a direction to approach the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 against the elastic force of the elastic member 25. Becomes When the force for pulling the lever 26 is released, the movable member 20 (third contact 13) moves in a direction away from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 by the elastic force (restoring force) of the elastic member 25. The third contact 13 contacts the track 7 and can be pressed further.

  In the present embodiment, two displacement meters for measuring the displacement amount of the movable member 20 in the direction along the reference line L0 are provided. The first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 are contact-type sensors, and are the same for both. The displacement meter 41 (42) has a main body 41a (42a) and a terminal 41b (42b) that moves forward and backward in a direction parallel to the reference line L0 with respect to the main body 41a (42a). The movement amount of the terminal 41b (42b) in contact with the member 20 is output as a detection signal. In addition, the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 may be non-contact sensors. Each of the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 is used independently for measurement, and outputs a measured value (measurement signal) to the arithmetic unit 15. The terminals 41b (42b) are in point contact with the flat surface of the movable base 20a of the movable member 20 at points, and the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 measure the amount of displacement of the movable member 20.

  The first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 are provided in a line-symmetric arrangement with respect to the reference line L0 in plan view, and have a detection direction parallel to the reference line L0. Thereby, the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 determine the displacement amounts of the movable member 20 with the two positions that are symmetrical about the reference line L0 in the movable member 20 as the measurement positions P11 and P12. Measure each.

  The amount of displacement of the movable member 20 becomes equal to the amount of displacement of the third contact 13, and the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 acquire the same measured value (displacement amount) in design. However, if the straightness of the movable member 20 with respect to the guide members 31 and 32 becomes unstable, the movable member 20 rotates about the contact position of the third contactor 13 with respect to the track 7, and the movable member 20 moves to the reference line. When the state is inclined with respect to L0, the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 acquire different measurement values (displacement amounts). These different measured values (displacement amounts) can be respectively referred to as temporary displacement amounts.

  The arithmetic device 15 is, for example, a computer device that performs various calculations, and performs a process of calculating an average value of the measurement values (temporary displacement amounts) of the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42. Further, the arithmetic unit 15 of the present embodiment also performs a process of obtaining the diameter D1 of the track 7 using the average value. These processes will be described later in a measurement method.

In the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, the first contact 11, the second contact 12, and the third contact 13 are arranged on one virtual circle centered on the point Q on the reference line L0. In this state, they are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction around the point Q. That is, the contacts 11, 12, and 13 are arranged at a pitch of 120 degrees. As described above, in plan view, the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are arranged in line symmetry with respect to the reference line L0, and the third contact 13 is positioned on the reference line L0. As described above, as described above, the vertical bisector of the line connecting the contact point between the first contact 11 and the track 7 and the contact point between the second contact 12 and the track 7 is It matches the reference line L0.
Note that the three contacts 11, 12, and 13 do not have to be evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, but the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the reference line L0. Yes, the third contact 13 needs to be located on the reference line L0. The third contact 13 is movable along the reference line L0.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the regulating member 50 of the present embodiment is supported by the movable block 20d via a pin 51. The regulating member 50 is a plate-like member, and can rotate around the center line of the pin 51 as shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the regulating member 50 is rotated upward and is in the retracted position, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the regulating member 50 is rotated downward and is in the regulated position.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a stopper pin 19c is attached to the fixed block 19a. When the regulating member 50 is in the retracted position (see FIG. 3), a large first pin is provided between the stopper pin 19c and the movable block 20d. One gap X1 (see FIG. 2) is formed. On the other hand, when the regulating member 50 is in the regulating position (see FIG. 4), the regulating member 50 is interposed between the stopper pin 19c and the movable block 20d (see a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2). . In this state, a minute second gap X2 smaller than the first gap X1 is formed between the tip of the stopper pin 19c and the regulating member 50 (X2 <X1).

  The first gap X1 and the second gap X2 are the allowable movement amounts of the movable member 20 (movable block 20d). That is, in a state where the regulating member 50 is in the retracted position (see FIG. 3), when the operator pulls the lever 26, the movable block 20d of the movable member 20 is moved until the movable block 20d hits the stopper pin 19c. 2) can be moved. On the other hand, when the regulating member 50 is in the regulating position (see FIG. 4), the operator pulls the lever 26 so that the movable block 20d of the movable member 20 moves until the regulating member 50 hits the stopper pin 19c. Only the value of the second gap X2 (see FIG. 2) can be moved. The first gap X1 becomes the first movement allowable amount of the movable member 20, the second gap X2 becomes the second movement allowable amount of the movable member 20, and the position change of the regulating member 50 sets the large and small two-step movement allowable amount. You.

  In the present embodiment, since the measurement target is the outer ring 6, the first gap (first movement allowable amount) X1 is equal to the diameter D1 of the outer ring 6 in the track 7 and the shoulder 6a of the outer ring 6 (see FIG. 1). It is set to be greater than or equal to the difference from the diameter D2 (the absolute value of the difference). For example, the first gap X1 is equal to or greater than 1 millimeter, and is about several millimeters or more. On the other hand, the second gap X2 is, for example, 0.5 mm or less, and is 0.2 mm in the present embodiment. The second gap (second allowable movement amount) X2 is set to, for example, 1/10 times the first gap (first allowable movement amount) X1.

  As described above, the restricting member 50 is provided so that the position can be changed between the retreat position (FIG. 3) and the restricting position (FIG. 4), and the movable allowable amount of the movable member 20 can be changed. More specifically, the regulating member 50 enables the movable member 20 to move by the first allowable movement amount (X1) in the retracted position, and moves the movable member 20 to the first movement position in the regulated position. The second movable permissible amount (X2) smaller than the permissible amount (X1) is made movable. Thereby, the movable member 20 can have a two-step allowable movement amount (moving stroke).

  As shown in FIG. 2, a handle 54 is attached to the regulating member 50, and an operator can change the state of the regulating member 50 by operating the handle 54. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the movable block 20d is provided with support members 52 and 53, and one of the support members 52 can support the restricting member 50 at the retracted position. Can be supported by the other support member 53.

[About the measurement method]
A measuring method performed by the measuring device 10 having the above configuration will be described.
In this measuring method, the outer ring 6 is installed around a point Q on the reference line L0 of the measuring device 10 and is fixed to a track 7 (measurement target surface) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6. In this method, the diameter D1 of the track 7 is measured by contacting the first contactor 11 and the second contactor 12 with the third contactor 13 which is movable. The measurement method includes an installation step St1, a preparation step St2, a measurement step St3, and a calculation step St4 (see FIG. 5). 6 to 8 are schematic diagrams of the measuring device 10 for explaining each step.

In the installation step St1, as shown in FIG. 6, the third contact 13 is moved from the initial position to a position where the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the outer ring 6 do not interfere with each other. The outer ring 6 to be measured is set at a predetermined position outside the contacts 11, 12, and 13. The initial position is a state in which the distal end of the stopper pin 19c (see FIG. 2) is in contact with the movable block 20d (by the urging force of the elastic member 25), and in FIG. 6, the state where the third contactor 13 is in the initial position. Is indicated by a broken line.
In order to move the third contact 13, the regulating member 50 is set at the retracted position (see FIG. 3), and the movable member 20 is moved from the initial position in the direction parallel to the reference line L0 from the first movement allowable amount (X1). : See FIG. 2). The operator can move the third contact 13 mounted on the movable member 20 against the elastic force of the elastic member 25 by pulling the lever 26 (see FIG. 1).

  Then, after the installation step St1, in a preparation step St2, the elastic member 25 pushes the movable member 20 by the elastic force (restoring force) by releasing the pulling force of the lever 26, and the movable member 20 is guided by the guide member 31. , 32 to move in a direction parallel to the reference line L0 to press the third contact 13 against the track 7, and as shown in FIG. 7, the first contact 11, the second contact 12, and the third contact Each child 13 is brought into contact with the track 7. When the pulling force of the lever 26 is released, the movable member 20 moves for a large movement stroke having the same size as the first allowable movement amount (X1), and the third contactor 13 comes into contact with the track 7 and The first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are also in contact with the track 7.

In the preparation step St2, the movable member 20 is moved by pulling the lever 26 again while the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are in contact with the track 7, and the third contact 13 is moved in the track. 7 (see FIG. 8).
Before the movable member 20 is moved in this manner, the regulating member 50 is set to the regulating position (FIG. 4). Accordingly, the movable member 20 can move for a second allowable movement amount (X2: 0.2 mm, for example) smaller than the first allowable movement amount (X1).
That is, as shown in FIG. 8, while the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 remain in contact with the track 7, the movable member 20 is moved by a minute second movement allowable amount (X2), A minute gap δ is formed between the third contact 13 and the track 7 (X2 = δ). After the minute gap δ is formed, by releasing the pulling force of the lever 26, the movable member 20 is urged by the elastic member 25, and a small movement stroke (same as the minute gap δ) is obtained. Then, the third contact 13 is pressed against the track 7 to eliminate the minute gap δ (see FIG. 9). In the state shown in FIG. 9, a measurement load is applied to the outer race 6 by the force of the elastic member 25.

  According to the installation step St1 and the preparation step St2 as described above, first, in the installation step St1, the amount of movement of the movable member 20 can be increased (see FIG. 6), and the outer ring 6 can be installed at a predetermined position. Then, in the next preparation step St2, the moving amount of the movable member 20 is reduced to form a minute gap δ between the third contact 13 and the track 7 (see FIG. 8), and then the movable member 20 is attached. The third contact 13 is pressed against the track 7 (to eliminate the minute gap δ: see FIG. 9). As described above, in the preparation step St2, the third contact 13 is moved with a very small and constant moving stroke (0.2 mm in the present embodiment) and hits the track 7, so that the third contactor 13 needs to be retried every time. Even if the persons are different, variations in how the third contactor 13 is applied to the track 7 are less likely to occur. This makes it possible to stabilize the contact state of the contacts 11, 12, 13 (particularly the third contact 13) with the track 7 of the outer race 6 for each trial.

In the installation step St1 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), as described above, the movable member 20 is moved by the urging force of the elastic member 25 for a large movement stroke having the same size as the first allowable movement amount (X1). Thus, the third contact 13 is brought into contact with the track 7. In this case, since the third contact 13 moves for a large movement stroke (X1) due to the urging force of the elastic member 25 and collides with the track 7, the contact state between the third contact 13 and the track 7 is determined. However, it is highly likely that this will be different for each trial.
However, as in the present embodiment, in the preparation step St2 after the installation step St1, the movable member 20 (the third contact 13) is moved by a small movement stroke (0.2 mm). Variations (differences) hardly occur in the state when the third contactor 13 contacts the track 7 and in the state after the contact, and the contact state can be stabilized.
After such a preparation step St2, a measurement step St3 is performed.

  In the measurement step St3, the amount of displacement of the movable member 20 is measured in order to obtain the diameter D1 (see FIG. 1) on the track 7. More specifically, the amount of displacement of the movable member 20 (the movable base 20a) is measured by the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 in a state where the measurement load is applied to the outer ring 6. In the present embodiment, two positions that are line-symmetric with respect to the reference line L0 in the movable member 20 (movable base 20a) are defined as measurement positions P11 and P12 by the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42. The displacement of the movable member 20 (movable base 20a) is measured. The measurement values (measurement signals) of the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 are output to the calculation device 15, and the calculation device 15 calculates the diameter D1 of the track 7 using these measurement values.

In the next operation step St4, an average value of the displacement amounts at the two measurement positions P11 and P12 is obtained in order to obtain the diameter D1 on the track 7.
The storage unit of the arithmetic unit 15 stores the measured value and the average value each time measurement is performed, and also stores the dimensions of the work master. The work master is an outer ring having the same shape as the outer ring 6 to be measured, and has a known track dimension (diameter). The displacement amount of the movable base 20a (the average value of the two measured values) is also obtained for the work master using the measuring device 10, and the result (the average value) is stored in the storage unit of the arithmetic device 15. ing.

  Here, as described above, if the linearity of the movable member 20 with respect to the guide members 31 and 32 becomes unstable, the movable member 20 rotates about the contact position of the third contact 13 with the track 7 and moves. When the member 20 is inclined with respect to the reference line L0, the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42 acquire different measurement values as the temporary displacement amount. These temporary displacement amounts are not the actual displacement amounts of the movable member 20 in the direction along the reference line L0, but include components due to the movable member 20 being inclined. However, since the inclination angle (rotation angle) of the movable member 20 is very small, the component due to the inclination is corrected by averaging the temporary displacement amounts obtained from the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42, respectively. The average value can be regarded as the amount of displacement of the movable member 20 in the direction along the reference line L0.

  As described above, in the calculation step St4, the calculation device 15 calculates the average value of the measurement values of the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42. Then, the arithmetic unit 15 calculates the diameter D1 of the outer ring 6 on the track 7 of the actually measured object using the average value and the diameter of the track of the work master whose diameter is known. That is, the diameter D1 of the outer ring 6 on the track 7 is obtained by comparison with the work master.

  Note that the process of obtaining the diameter D1 in the track 7 may be other than the above-described method. For example, the first contactor 11 may be obtained by using the average value of the measurement values of the first displacement meter 41 and the second displacement meter 42. The diameter D1 may be obtained by calculation by geometric calculation based on the arrangement of the second contact 12 and the third contact 13.

In the measuring method performed by the measuring device 10 having the above-described configuration, the regulating member 50 (see FIG. 3) is set to the retracted position in order to install the outer ring 6 on the measuring device 10 in the setting step St1. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, the movable member 20 on which the third contact 13 is mounted is moved in the direction parallel to the reference line L0 for the first movement allowable amount (X1), and the first contact 11 and the The two contacts 12 and the third contact 13 can be prevented from interfering with the outer ring 6, and the outer ring 6 can be installed. Then, the third contact 13 is pressed against the track 7 by the elastic member 25, and the first contact 11, the second contact 12, and the third contact 13 are brought into contact with the track 7 as shown in FIG. It can be.
Next, in the preparation step St2, by setting the regulating member 50 (see FIG. 4) to the regulating position, as shown in FIG. After moving about the capacity (X2) to form a minute gap δ between the third contact 13 and the track 7, the elastic member 25 urges the movable member 20 to move the third contact 13 to the track 7. To eliminate the minute gap δ (see FIG. 9).

As described above, by setting the regulating member 50 to the retracted position, the amount of movement of the movable member 20 can be increased, and the outer ring 6 can be set at a predetermined position. Since the amount of movement of the movable member 20 can be reduced, variation in how the third contact 13 contacts the track 7 is less likely to occur, and the contact state of the third contact 13 with the track 7 of the outer race 6 is stabilized. It becomes possible.
As a result, the measurement accuracy of the diameter D1 of the track 7 performed by the arithmetic unit 15 can be improved, and stable measurement repeatability can be obtained. Then, the measurement accuracy of the diameter D1 of the outer ring 6 can be improved. As a result, by using the outer ring 6, it is possible to obtain a high-level ball bearing with a stable clearance (Ra clearance) and a stable contact angle. Become.

  Further, in the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, the regulating member 50 is fixed to the movable member 20 (movable block 20 d) movable with respect to the device base 9 in the regulating position (see FIG. 4). It is interposed between the fixing member 19 (stopper pin 19c) in the state. The regulating member 50 is configured to be separated from between the movable member 20 and the fixed member 19 in a state where the regulating member 50 is in the retracted position (see FIG. 3). According to this configuration, the movable member 20 can be moved by the first allowable movement amount (X1) in a state where the regulating member 50 is in the retreat position, and the movable member 20 is moved in a state where the regulating member 50 is in the regulating position. A configuration that enables movement with respect to the small second movement allowable amount (X2) can be easily obtained, and the measurement device 10 can be simplified.

  In the above embodiment, the target of measurement is the outer ring 6, but the inner ring 4 may be used. The measuring device in this case is shown in FIGS. In the measuring device 10, the track 5 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 4 is set as a measurement target surface, and the diameter D3 of the track 5 is measured. In the case of the inner ring 4, the measuring device 10 has a configuration in which the three contacts 11, 12, and 13 come into contact with the track 5 of the inner ring 4 from the outside in the radial direction, but other configurations and functions and a measuring method are described. , FIG. 1 and FIG. For example, the restriction member 50 is provided so as to be changeable between a retracted position and a restriction position, and changes the allowable movement amount of the movable member 20. In other words, the movable member 20 can be moved by the first allowable movement amount (several millimeters) in the state where the regulating member 50 is in the retracted position, and the movable member 20 is moved in the first allowable movement amount in the state where the regulating member 50 is in the restricted position. The second movable allowable amount (for example, 0.2 mm) smaller than the second movable allowable amount is made movable. When the object to be measured is the inner race 4, the first allowable movement amount is equal to or larger than the difference (absolute value of the difference) between the diameter D 3 of the inner race 4 on the track 5 and the diameter D 4 of the shoulder 4 a of the inner race 4.

The embodiments disclosed above are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. That is, the measuring device of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be another embodiment within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the present embodiment, a case has been described in which two displacement meters are used to measure the displacement amount of the movable member 20, but one displacement meter may be used.
Also, the case where the measurement object is the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 6 of the ball bearing has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameters (inner diameter and outer diameter) of the race rings of other rolling bearings and other cylindrical workpieces are measured. Therefore, the measuring device and the measuring method of the present invention can be applied.

4: Inner ring (cylindrical work) 4a: Shoulder 5: Track (measurement target surface)
6: Outer ring (cylindrical work) 6a: Shoulder 7: Track (surface to be measured)
9: Device base 10: Measuring device 11: First contact 12: Second contact 13: Third contact 19: Fixed member 20: Movable member 25: Elastic member 41: First displacement meter 42: Second displacement 50: regulating member D1: track diameter D2: shoulder diameter L0: reference line Q: one point on the reference line X1: first gap (first movement allowance) X2: second gap (second movement allowance)

Claims (4)

A first contactor and a second contactor which are arranged in line symmetry with respect to the reference line, and a third contactor located on the reference line, and a cylindrical work which is installed around a point on the reference line. By bringing the first contact, the second contact, and the third contact into contact with any one of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface to be measured, measurement of the diameter on the measured surface is performed. A measuring device for performing
A movable member mounted with the third contact and movable in a direction parallel to the reference line,
An elastic member for urging the movable member in a direction parallel to the reference line to press the third contact against the surface to be measured,
A displacement meter for measuring a displacement amount of the movable member,
A regulating member provided so as to be changeable between a retracted position and a regulating position, and for changing a movement allowable amount of the movable member,
With
The restricting member allows the movable member to move about the first allowable movement amount in the retracted position, and the movable member is smaller than the first allowable movement amount in the restricted position. Two movable allowances are allowed,
measuring device. The cylindrical workpiece is an outer ring or an inner ring of a ball bearing,
The measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the first allowable movement amount is equal to or greater than a difference between a diameter of the outer ring or the inner ring in a track and a diameter of the outer ring or the inner ring in a shoulder portion. An apparatus base, and a fixing member fixed to the apparatus base, further comprising:
The restricting member is interposed between the movable member and the fixed member movable with respect to the apparatus base in the restricting position, and is connected to the movable member in the retracted position. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is separated from the space between the fixing member and the fixing member. Using the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical work in which a first contactor and a second contactor which are arranged symmetrically with respect to a reference line, and a third contactor located on the reference line, are installed around a point on the reference line. And by contacting any one of the measurement target surface of the inner peripheral surface, a method for measuring the diameter of the measurement target surface,
Move the movable member carrying the third contact in the direction parallel to the reference line until the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the cylindrical work do not interfere with each other. An installation process of moving the allowable amount and installing the cylindrical work,
After the setting step, the third contact is pressed against the surface to be measured, and the first contact, the second contact, and the third contact are each brought into contact with the surface to be measured. Process and
In order to determine the diameter of the measurement target surface, a measurement step of measuring the amount of displacement of the movable member,
With
In the preparation step, after forming the inter-gap between said movable member is moved for the second movement tolerance less than said first moving allowance of the third contact and the measurement target surface, the the third contacts to eliminate the inter-person against the the measurement target surface 該隙 biases the movable member, then performs the measurement process, the measurement method.

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