JP6667831B2 - Manufacturing method of filtration filter for filter press - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a filter, and a filter equipped with the filter produced by this method. In particular, the present invention relates to a method of sewing a filter suitable for a wet filter and a dry filter for separating solid-liquid and solid-gas, and a wet filter and a dry filter equipped with the filter manufactured by the method.

  Filtration is roughly classified into wet filtration and dry filtration. Both of them are indispensable for the protection of nature and home environment, quality improvement, and stable production. Its importance has increased. Wet filtration is an important process to separate solid and liquid to purify wastewater and recycle waste, and to reduce its volume.Water and sewage sludge treatment, human wastewater treatment, and paper and pulp Widely used for wastewater treatment. In addition, since foreign substances and non-standardized particles can be separated by filtration, they are also used for improving the quality and stable production of chemical products such as inks, paints, foods, oils and fats. On the other hand, dry filtration is also an important process for separating solid and gas in order to purify gas discharged into the atmosphere. Waste gas treatment in all equipment and industries, and discharge from gasification furnaces and pyrolysis furnaces, etc. It is widely used for treating harmful substances and dust contained in gas.

  And the apparatus which performs a wet filtration is classified into a pressurization type, a decompression type, a centrifugal type, and a diaphragm type according to a filtration system. Among them, a pressurized filter has been applied in a wide range of fields from the viewpoint of excellent treatment effect and treatment amount, easy maintenance and low maintenance cost. In particular, filter presses that separate solids from liquids by passing through filters in a large number of filtration chambers are well-balanced treatment devices with high treatment efficiency and low maintenance costs, as well as water and sewage, chemical plants, and general wastewater. And many other filtration processes.

  An apparatus for performing dry filtration is generally referred to as a dust collector, and there are a suction type and a push type according to a filtration (dust collection) method. Most are suction-type, and there are a wide variety of filters depending on the dust removal method and gas inflow method.

  However, the material of the filter cloth, which is the raw material of the filter installed in both the filter machines, is basically the same, and a woven cloth in which a yarn made of a large number of fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, nylon, etc. is knitted, and A nonwoven fabric that is three-dimensionally overlapped and bonded without using fibers as threads is used. However, in the case of a dry filter (a dust collector), in many cases, a felt finished by wet shrinkage of animal hair is used. Then, depending on the type of the filter, the filter cloth is sewn to prepare and use as various filters. Hereinafter, a member that separates solid-liquid and solid-gas from the filter is referred to as a filter, and the raw material (raw material) of the filter is referred to as a filter cloth.

  For example, in the case of a wet filter press as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, solid-liquid separation is performed as follows (Patent Document 1). Two filters 10 are suspended between a number of opposed filter plates 1, and the filter plates 1 are pressurized by a hydraulic cylinder 5, and the filters 10 are sandwiched. Then, the filtered liquid supplied from the filtered liquid supply port 7 via the filtered liquid supply path 1-3 is supplied between the two filters 10 in the filter chamber 1-2, and the filtered liquid is filtered by the water pressure. Then, the filtrate is discharged from the filtrate discharge port 8 via the filtrate discharge path 1-4, and the solid-liquid separation is completed. Further, the cake 15 which is a solid residue remaining on the two filters 10 needs to be removed and dropped by widening the interval between the filter plates 1. In this case, a method is used in which the cake 15 is detached and dropped by vibrating the filter 10 suspended from the suspension stand 11 via the spring 12 by the vibrating device 9 so as not to be loosened by the suspender 13 and the weight 14. belongs to.

As shown in FIG. 3, the filter 10 used in such a filter press is generally prepared by sewing a filter cloth. First, it is cut into a desired shape to form a hole through which a filtrate or a filtrate flows. Then, the holder insertion portion 10-5 and the weight insertion portion 10-6 for holding the suspender 13 and the weight 14 for suspending the filter 10 so as not to be loosened are sewn using a needle and a thread (sewing). Part 10-7). In addition, since a large pressure of the filter plate seal portion 1-1 is applied to the seal portion 10-1 on the outer periphery of the filtration surface 10-2 and the seal portion 10-1 on the outer periphery of the filtered liquid supply hole 10-6 at the center of the filter 10, The seal portion 10-1 on the outer periphery of the filtration liquid supply hole 10-6 at the center of the filter 10 is coated with a silicone resin or a rubber resin to prevent the filtration liquid and the filtrate from leaking, and is sealed. In particular, as shown in FIG. 5 in which the seal portion 10-1 around the filtration solution supply hole 10-6 is enlarged, the seal portion I near the filtration solution supply hole 10-6 is made of a silicone resin or rubber resin. In some cases, it is applied and sealed (a), but in many cases, it is sewn with a filter cloth as a patch cloth 10-8 using a needle and a thread (b) (sewing portion 10-7).

  Therefore, in order to manufacture such a filter 10, it is necessary to go through various different steps such as cutting of a filter cloth, sewing using a needle and a thread, and application of a resin, which requires a great deal of labor. There's a problem. In addition, when the filter cloth is cut by a cutting machine such as an electric cutter or electric scissors, there is also a problem of fraying of the filter cloth and thread breakage when sewing the cut cloth with a needle and a thread. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the seal portion 10-1 on the outer periphery of the filtration solution supply hole 10-6 at the center of the filter 10 uses a needle and a thread with the filter cloth as the contact cloth 10-8. When sewn, there is a problem in the sewn portion 10-7 that the filtration solution and the filtrate leak from gaps between the filter cloths and seams. Furthermore, there is also a problem of durability such as fraying of the sewing thread or thread breakage when the filter is used for a long period of time.

  On the other hand, for example, in the case of a dust collector as shown in FIG. 5, solid and gas are separated as follows (Patent Document 2). In the dust collector, a large number of cylindrical bag filters 18 are hung on a bag filter holding plate 17 arranged at an upper portion of a casing 16. It is partitioned into an air area 20. The dust collection area 19 is provided with a dust-containing air inlet 21 and a dust discharge port 25, and the clean air area 20 includes a clean air outlet 22 and a blow tube 24 connected to an air tank 23. Is provided. The dust-containing gas flowing from the dust-containing air inlet 21 is filtered by the bag filter 18 for dust and the like, becomes clean air, passes through the clean air area 20, and is discharged from the clean air outlet 22. The dust and the like collected in the bag filter 18 are washed with backwash air discharged from the air tank 23 by a blow tube 24, and the dust and the like are removed from a dust outlet 25.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the bag filter 18 used in such a dust collector includes a holding unit 18-1 fixed to the bag filter holding plate 17 by a fastener 18-6 and a filtering unit 18-2. The sewing is performed using the thread and the thread (sewing portion 18-3). The holding portion 18-1 has a cylindrical shape and is sewn using a needle and a thread so that the core material 18-5 can be inserted so as to be suspended by the bag filter holding plate 17 (sewing). Part 18-3). Further, a silicone resin or a rubber resin may be applied and sealed to prevent the dust-containing gas from leaking from the seal portion 18-4 between the bag filter holding plate 17 and the holding portion 18-1. .

  Therefore, in order to manufacture such a bag filter 18, it is necessary to go through various different processes such as cutting of the filter cloth, sewing using a needle and a thread, and application of a resin, and a great amount of labor is required. There is a problem. Similarly, when the filter cloth is cut by a cutting machine such as an electric cutter or electric scissors, there is also a problem of fraying of the filter cloth and thread breakage in the case of using a needle and a thread to sew the cut cloth. In particular, in the case of a bag filter, there is a problem in that the dust-containing gas leaks from the gap between the filter cloths and the seam in the sewn portion 18-3, dust and the like are not filtered, and solid-gas separation becomes insufficient. Further, when the bag filter is used for a long period of time, there is a problem that the sewing thread is frayed or broken.

  In order to solve such a problem, a technique of sewing a filter cloth by heat welding using a roller or the like in a bag filter is disclosed, and it is disclosed that hot air, high-frequency dielectric heating, ultrasonic heating, or the like is used as a heat source. (Patent Documents 3 and 4). By this method, welding the filter cloth on the surface will increase the bonding strength, improve the durability, eliminate gaps and seams, and eliminate dust etc., rather than sewing the filter cloth at the point like a thread And that a high filtration function as a bag filter can be stably obtained for a long period of time. This method is considered to be a technique applicable to both dry and wet filters.

  However, in the case of hot air, a roller is required, in the case of high-frequency induction heating, an electrode sandwiching the filter cloth is required, and in the case of ultrasonic heating, a horn is required. In addition, a large-area filter cloth cannot be sewn into various shapes, and it is difficult to be a substitute technique for sewing using a needle and a thread. In addition, the enormous effort of having to go through a variety of different steps, such as a cutting machine, a heat welding machine, and application of a resin, to produce a filter cannot be improved.

JP 2014-76436 A JP 2005-7229 A JP 2009-233485 A JP 2010-269279 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a filter having a high filtering function stably and continuously for a long period of time by sewing a simple filter cloth, and a filter provided with the filter produced by this method. That is. In particular, a method of manufacturing a filtration filter suitable for a wet filter and a dry filter in which excellent solid-liquid and solid-gas separation functions are stably maintained for a long period of time by sewing a simple filter cloth, and a method manufactured by this method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wet filter and a dry filter equipped with a filtered filter.

  The present inventors sew a filter cloth using a carbon dioxide gas laser or a fiber laser to produce a filter with a single processing machine. They found that they could be maintained, and completed the present invention.

  That is, the present invention is a method for producing a filter, comprising sewing a filter cloth using a carbon dioxide laser or a fiber laser. The filtration filter is not limited by the purpose of use or application, but is suitable for the production of filtration filters for wet filtration and dry filtration, which are used industrially in large quantities. In particular, in the case of a wet filter, the filter is suitable for a pressurized filter, a decompressed filter, and a centrifugal wet filter. Regarding a dust collector which is a dry filter, the manufacturing method of the present invention can be applied to all dry filters regardless of a dust removing method or a gas inflow method.

  The manufacturing method of the filter of the present invention is a main step of sewing the filter cloth, that is, a step of cutting the filter cloth, a step of sewing the cut filter cloth, and a step of plugging a seal portion of the filter cloth. Are all performed by a single processing method called carbon dioxide laser processing or fiber laser processing. The cutting step includes, for example, a processing step of forming a hole for supplying a filtered liquid, a hole for discharging the filtrate, and the like, as in a filter for a filter press. Here, the sewing means a series of steps of cutting a cloth into a predetermined shape, sewing up the cloth into a desired form, and finishing, and the sewing is limited to a step of sewing to form a desired form.

  The carbon dioxide laser processing machine or the fiber laser processing machine is not particularly limited, but the laser processing machine can be provided with both a carbon dioxide laser and a fiber laser, and has a wide work area and pattern irradiation. By selecting the type and power of the laser according to the material, thickness, and woven structure of the filter cloth, based on the input data, by freely moving the XY axis direction in the working area, Cutting, sewing, and filling can be performed by a single processing method. Furthermore, when the filter cloth is treated as a sheet material, a conveyor system is provided, and when the filter cloth is treated as a roll material, a winding and unwinding device is provided, so that cutting, sewing, and filling can be performed continuously. It is. Further, even in the case of a cylindrical filter such as a bag filter, laser processing can be performed by attaching an attachment.

  And as a specific carbon dioxide laser or fiber laser processing device, SmartDIYs's Smart Laser CO2, Universal Laser Systems' VLS series, PLS series, ILS series, and PLS6MW, Trotec's Speedy series, SP series, and , GS series, various Epilog Laser and various LaserLife manufactured by Epilog, LS series manufactured by Gravograph, LaserPro (registered trademark) series manufactured by GCC, XY series manufactured by SEI, and the like. In particular, Universal Laser Systems' ILS series and PLS6MW, Trotec's GS series, Epilog's LaserLife CBF series, CSH series, LCR series, LCG series, LCI series, which have a wide working area and can be manufactured continuously. , CSE series, LEW series, LS1000Xp manufactured by Gravograph, and MERCURY609 series manufactured by SEI are preferable. However, various conditions such as the output of the carbon dioxide gas laser or the fiber laser, the spot diameter, the driving resolution, the plotter speed and the like are appropriately set according to the material, type, thickness, basis weight and the like of the filter cloth.

  Since the production of such a filter using a carbon dioxide gas laser or a fiber laser is basically processing by heat, there is no fraying of the filter cloth in the cutting, and post-processing as in the case of a cutting machine is required. And not. In sewing, in addition to point adhesion such as needle and thread, surface adhesion with a desired width is also possible, there is no fraying or breakage of sewing thread, excellent adhesive strength and durability, and filter cloth Leakage of a filtration solution, a filtrate, dust, and the like generated from a gap or a seam can be prevented. Further, by melting and filling the filter cloth of the seal portion of the filter, it is possible to prevent leakage of the filtration solution, filtrate, dust, and the like, similarly to the case where the resin is applied. It is not necessary to go through a process of applying a resin, which is completely different from other processes, which is conventionally performed, so that labor can be reduced and the adverse effect of the solvent on the human body and the environment can be eliminated.

  As described above, since the production of a filter using a carbon dioxide laser or a fiber laser is basically processing by heat, the material of the filter cloth is preferably produced from fibers of a thermoplastic resin. However, from the viewpoint of chemical resistance, solvent resistance, oxidation resistance, and the desorption of filtered solids, polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, aliphatic polyamides such as nylon, Aramid such as Nomex (registered trademark) and Kevlar (registered trademark), etc., aromatic polyamides with improved heat resistance, polyimides, acrylic resins, fluorocarbon resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyphenylene sulfide And aromatic polyetherketone resin. Further, in consideration of the price and the like, polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, and aliphatic polyamides such as nylon are more preferable. Among them, polypropylene is more preferred.

  In addition, not only the material, but also the form and structure of the filter fabric, which is the raw material for manufacturing the filter, are important factors, such as the filtration method, collection performance, throughput, desorption of filtered solids, and clogging. Depending on the application and purpose, from the properties, strength, durability, price, etc., depending on the application and purpose, a woven fabric made by knitting a yarn that bundles a large number of various synthetic fibers, or three-dimensionally overlapping without combining fibers into yarn In many cases, the fabric is selected from nonwoven fabrics, and it is necessary to change the filter manufacturing method depending on the filter cloth. However, the method for producing a filter of the present invention is characterized in that it can be applied to any form and structure of filter cloth. However, regardless of the filtration method, a woven fabric is more preferably used from the viewpoint of strength and durability, and the method for producing a filter of the present invention is particularly suitable for a woven fabric.

  Furthermore, in the case of a woven fabric, depending on the form of the fiber and the woven structure of the yarn in which the fiber is twisted, the collecting property, the treatment amount, the releasability of the filtered solid, the clogging property, the strength, the durability, the price, etc. Each has its own characteristics and is selected according to the application and purpose. There are monofilament yarns and multifilament yarns in which long fibers are twisted, or spun yarns in which short fibers are twisted. A monofilament yarn is used when importance is placed on the properties and clogging properties, and a multifilament yarn is used when balanced characteristics are required. As shown in the schematic diagrams of the weave structures of the various filter cloths in FIG. 7, plain weave (a), twill weave (b), satin weave (c), and two filters (not shown) were used. There is a double woven layer of cloth, and plain weaving is required when collecting performance is important, and satin weaving is important when treating throughput, releasability and clogging are important. If so, a twill or double weave is used. However, the method for producing a filter of the present invention can be applied to all woven fabrics having such a fiber form and woven structure.

  On the other hand, the filter of the present invention is characterized in that a filter manufactured by using the above-mentioned carbon dioxide laser or fiber laser is mounted. In particular, the filter of the present invention is preferably a wet filter or a dry filter, and the wet filter is more preferably a pressurized, depressurized, or centrifugal filter.

  Therefore, the filter of the present invention is excellent in durability and does not leak filtration treatment liquid, filtrate, dust and the like, so that the filtration function does not deteriorate over a long period of time.

  The method of cutting, sewing, and filling is continuously filtered by a single processing method by a method of manufacturing a filter, which is characterized by sewing a filter cloth using a carbon dioxide laser or a fiber laser of the present invention. Since filters can be manufactured, there is no need to go through various processes of different properties such as cutting of filter cloth, sewing with needles and threads, and application of resin, thus greatly reducing labor and production costs. it can. In cutting, the problem of fraying of the filter cloth when using a cutting machine such as an electric cutter or electric scissors, the problem of thread breakage in the case of using a needle and thread in sewing, and the use of a solvent in filling Can solve the problem of adverse effects on the human body and the environment. Furthermore, problems such as leakage of filtration solution, filtrate, dust, etc. from gaps between filter cloths, seams and the seal portion of the filter, and durability problems such as fraying and thread breakage of sewing thread can be solved. It is possible to provide a filter having a stable filtration function over a long period of time.

  This is based on, for example, the welding state of the woven fabric shown in FIG. 8 using a carbon dioxide laser or a fiber laser, and the present invention provides a manufacturing method which is extremely suitable for a filter used in any filter. To provide.

  Therefore, by providing the filter with the filtration filter manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention, the filtration function is excellent, and the filtration treatment liquid, the filtrate, and no leakage of dust, etc., and the filtration function is deteriorated for a long period of time. No filter can be provided.

It is an external appearance schematic diagram of the filter press provided with the vibration device which vibrates and removes a cake. It is the schematic diagram (a) which shows the filtration mechanism seen from the front of the filter press (FIG. 1) provided with the vibration device which vibrates and removes a cake, and the schematic diagram of the filter plate seen from the side of (a). . It is the schematic diagram (a) which shows the filtration mechanism seen from the front of the filter press (FIG. 1) provided with the vibration device which vibrates and removes a cake, and the schematic diagram of the filter seen from the side of (a). FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a sealing portion near a filtration liquid supply hole in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram of a dust collector. FIG. 5A is a schematic external view of a bag filter attached to a dust collector (FIG. 4), and a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion where the bag filter is suspended. It is a schematic diagram of the weave structure of the woven fabric used for a filter, and is a figure concerning (a) plain weave, (b) twill weave, and (c) satin weave. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the woven fabric which was cut and sewn by the carbon dioxide gas laser of the present invention, and which was welded and melted after filling, and (a) plain weave, (b) twill weave, (c) satin weave. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be implemented with various changes without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is possible and is limited only by the technical idea described in the claims.

A method for manufacturing a filter using a carbon dioxide gas laser will be described using the filter for a filter press shown in FIG. 3 as an example. FIG. 5 shows that the raw material of the filter cloth (1600 mm in width) is made of Nakao Filter Industrial Co., Ltd., made of polypropylene, has a thickness of 1 mm, a mass of 490 g / m ² , and a gas permeability of 8 cm ³ / cm ² · sec (catalog value) Twill weave PP26F as shown in b) was used.

  Using a carbon dioxide laser processing machine, MERCURY609X-TYPE (NRG, working area 2000 mm × 3000 mm) manufactured by SEI, cutting, sewing, and filling were performed with a carbon dioxide gas laser having a wavelength of 9.3 μm. Cutting is performed under the conditions of an output of 240 W, a spot diameter of 100 μm, and a plotter speed of 5000 mm / min. Sewing is performed under the conditions of an output of 360 W, a spot diameter of 100 μm, and a plotter speed of 500 mm / min. Filling is performed with an output of 52 W and a spot diameter of 100 μm. The test was performed under the conditions of a resolution of 50 dpi and a plotter speed of 80000 mm / min.

  In the step of cutting the first filter cloth, the raw material was cut into a size of 500 mm × 800 mm, and the filtration solution supply hole 10-3 and the filtrate discharge hole 10-4 were formed (cut). A smooth, melt-processed end face was obtained with no yarn fraying.

  In the step of sewing the second filter cloth, the hanging device insertion portion 10-5 holding the hanging device 13 and the weight insertion portion 10-6 holding the weight 14 are sewn in a bag shape, and the seam 10- 7, instead of being welded linearly in a state as shown in FIG. Adhesion was performed in a planar shape, not a dot shape, and the bonding strength was excellent, there was no gap between the filter cloths, and no vent like a seam was observed.

Thirdly, in the step of plugging the filter cloth, the entire surface of the sealing portion 10-1 outside the filtering surface 10-2 and the sealing portion 10-1 around the filtration solution discharge hole 10-3 are filled with a carbon dioxide gas laser. Irradiation was performed and a melting process in a state as shown in FIG. 8 was performed (FIGS. 3 and 4). Further, in FIG. 3, no measures are taken to prevent the filtrate from leaking from the periphery of the filtrate discharge hole 10-4. However, here, the periphery of the filtrate discharge hole 10-4 is also used. -3, as in the case of the seal portion 10-1 in the vicinity, sealing was performed with a carbon dioxide gas laser. The air permeability of the clogged filter cloth was 2.0 cm ³ / cm ² · sec, and it was possible to prevent the filtrate and the filtrate from leaking from the clogged portion.

  The filter press equipped with the filter manufactured through the above steps has excellent durability, has no leakage of the filtrate and the filtrate, and has a long-lasting filtration function.

  In the present invention, since the melting principle by the heat of carbon dioxide gas laser or fiber laser is the basic principle, it performs not only filtration filters used in wet filtration and dry filtration, but also solid-gas separation and solid-liquid separation. It can be used for manufacturing any filters. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the function of the carbon dioxide gas laser or the fiber laser can control the air permeability and the structure of the filtration filter. It can also be used as a technique for manufacturing a filter suitable for the material and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration plate 1-1 Seal part 1-2 Filtration chamber 1-3 Filtration liquid supply path 1-4 Filtrate discharge path 2 Front frame 3 Rear frame 4 Guide rail 5 Hydraulic cylinder 6 Hydraulic drive part 7 Filtration liquid supply port 8 Filtrate outlet
9 Vibration device 10 Filter 10-1 Seal part 10-2 Filtration surface 10-3 Filtration liquid supply hole 10-4 Filtrate discharge hole 10-5 Hanging tool insertion part 10-6 Weight insertion part 10-7 Sewing part 10- 8 Patch cloth 10-9 Warp yarn 10-10 Weft yarn 10-11 Melted yarn 11 Hanging stand 12 Spring 13 Hanging tool 14 Weight 15 Cake 16 Casing 17 Bag filter holding plate 18 Bag filter 18-1 Holding unit 18-2 Filtration Part 18-3 Sewing part 18-4 Seal part 18-5 Core material 18-6 Fastener 19 Dust collection area 20 Clean air area 21 Dust-containing air inlet 22 Clean air outlet 23 Air tank 24 Blow tube 25 Dust outlet I Filtration Seal near the processing liquid supply hole

Claims (3)

Using a carbon dioxide laser or a fiber laser, a method for producing a filter filter for a filter press from a raw cloth filter cloth,
And melting the filter cloth in the carbon dioxide gas laser or fiber laser, to the desired shape including the filtration filter compatible filtration and filtrate flow hole, the filter cloth without yarn of the cloth is frayed Cutting process for cutting and forming
The filtration filter intermediate (1) formed in the cutting step is melted by the carbon dioxide laser or the fiber laser, and at a predetermined position of the filtration filter intermediate (1), there is no gap between the filter cloths. A sewing process of joining filter cloths together ,
The sealing portion of the filtration filter that is in contact with the filtration plate sealing portion of the filtration filter intermediate (2) joined in the sewing step is melted by the carbon dioxide gas laser or the fiber laser, and the molten resin of the filter cloth is A method of manufacturing a filtration filter for a filter press, comprising: a step of closing a gap in the filter cloth without leakage of the filtrate and the filtrate . Using a carbon dioxide laser,
The cutting step is performed under the conditions of an output of 240 W and a plotter speed of 5000 mm / min.
The sewing process is performed under the conditions of an output of 360 W and a plotter speed of 500 mm / min.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the filling step is performed under the conditions of an output of 52 W and a plotter speed of 80000 mm / min. The method for producing a filter for a filter press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter cloth is produced from fibers of a thermoplastic resin.

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