JP6666493B2 - Measuring device and support mechanism for shaft workpiece - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a measuring device and a support mechanism for a shaft work, and more particularly, to a measuring device for measuring a long shaft work.

  2. Description of the Related Art A measuring device for measuring the shape of a long shaft workpiece is known (for example, Non-Patent Document 1, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3). For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a measuring device for measuring the shape of a workpiece such as an automobile crank or a camshaft. The measuring device supports an upper end of the shaft work so as to allow rotation of the shaft work, and supports a lower end of the shaft work on a rotary table. Then, by rotating the rotary table to rotate the shaft work, the tracing stylus is brought into contact with the side of the shaft work. This process is repeated from top to bottom.

  In measuring the shape of the shaft work, the shaft work must be supported. Both ends of the shaft work are provided with tapered center holes, and the support mechanism supports the shaft work by fitting a cone or a sphere into the center hole. Such a clamping cone or sphere is called a work center. The work center is managed to have a prescribed shape, for example, a high conicity and a high sphericity (geometric deviation). Centering of the shaft work is performed by sandwiching both end faces of the shaft work with such a work center, and the accuracy of the center hole (inside tapered surface) of the shaft work is calculated back from the inclination of the shaft work.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an upper unit that supports an upper end of a shaft workpiece. The upper unit 5 has a rotating jig 18 rotatably supported by bearings 19. The rotary jig 18 can be moved up and down by a slider 27. Further, a downward urging force can be applied to the slider 27 by the pushing mechanism 21. The rotary jig 18 has a tapered hole 18a, and the work center 24 is inserted into the tapered hole 18a. The sphere 23 of the work center 24 is pushed into the center hole W1 on the upper side of the shaft work W to support the shaft work W with a lower work center (not shown).

Japanese Patent No. 3569622 Patent No. 4331486 Japanese Patent No. 4820681

http: // www. komatsu-machine. co. jp / HP / japanese / seihin_kousaku_gdb. html

An object of the present invention is to provide a support mechanism for a shaft work supporting the shaft work when measuring the shape of the shaft work, and a measuring device for measuring the shaft work.

The measuring device of the present invention
A measuring device for measuring a long shaft workpiece,
One end side support portion for supporting one end side of the shaft work,
Another end side support portion for supporting the other end side of the shaft work,
A measuring machine having a probe for measuring the shaft workpiece supported by the one end side support portion and the other end side support portion,
The one end side support portion,
One end work center fitted to one end side of the shaft work,
A spindle on which the one-end work center is mounted,
The one-end work center includes a one-end support having a sphere fitted in a concave portion formed on one end side end surface of the shaft work,
The other end side support portion includes another end support body having a sphere fitted into a concave portion formed on the other end side end surface of the shaft workpiece,
As the spindle moves in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work, the one end support also moves only in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work.
It is characterized by the following.

In the present invention,
The one end side support portion,
A slider is provided so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work and supports the spindle.
Is preferred.

In the present invention,
The one end side support portion includes an urging force applying portion that applies an urging force for pushing the one end work center into the shaft work.
Is preferred.

The support mechanism of the shaft work of the present invention includes:
A support mechanism for a shaft work supporting a long shaft work,
One end side support portion for supporting one end side of the shaft work,
And a second end supporting portion for supporting the other end of the shaft work,
The one end side support portion,
One end work center fitted to one end side of the shaft work,
A spindle to which the one-end work center is attached;
A slider that is movably guided in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work, and that supports the spindle,
The one-end work center includes a one-end support having a sphere fitted into a recess formed on one end surface of the shaft workpiece,
The other end side support portion includes another end support body having a sphere fitted into a concave portion formed on the other end side end surface of the shaft workpiece,
As the slider and the spindle move in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work, the one end support also moves only in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work.
It is characterized by the following.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an upper unit that supports an upper end portion of a shaft workpiece. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a measuring device. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a CMM with a housing removed. Sectional drawing of a lower support part. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pushing unit. The figure which shows the state which isolate | separated the spindle and the upper work center. The figure which shows a flange body. The figure which shows the state in which the flange body contacted the bottom face of the housing | casing part. The figure which shows the modification 1. The figure which shows the modification 2.

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated and described with reference to the reference numerals assigned to each element in the drawings.
(1st Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the measuring device 100.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the coordinate measuring machine 200 with the housing 260 removed.

  The measuring device 100 includes a base 110, a coordinate measuring machine 200, and a support mechanism 300.

  The base 110 is a frame member that supports the support mechanism 300 and the coordinate measuring machine 200. The base 110 is installed such that the upper surface thereof is substantially horizontal while the measuring device 100 is placed on the floor. Furthermore, a turntable 120 is installed on the base 110, and the turntable 120 rotates around a vertical rotation axis.

  The three-dimensional measuring device 200 is arranged on the side of the shaft workpiece W supported vertically (that is, in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction), and is a so-called horizontal three-dimensional measuring device. The three-dimensional measuring machine 200 approaches the shaft workpiece W from the side of the shaft workpiece W (a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft workpiece W), and measures the shape of the shaft workpiece W.

The coordinate measuring machine 200 includes an X-axis drive mechanism (X-axis drive section) 210, a Z-axis drive mechanism (Z-axis drive section) 220, a Y-axis drive mechanism (Y-axis drive section) 230, and a probe head 240. , A processing device 250, and a housing 260.
2 and 3, the X axis is from the right to the left, the Z axis is from the front to the back of the page, and the Y axis is from above to below.

  The support mechanism 300 will be described. The support mechanism 300 supports the shaft work W. In the present embodiment, the support mechanism 300 supports the shaft work W in a vertically oriented state. The support mechanism 300 includes a lower support portion 310, a rotation preventing portion 350, and an upper support portion 380.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lower support portion 310. The lower support portion 310 is provided on the turntable 120 and supports a lower end portion of the shaft workpiece W placed vertically. The lower support part 310 includes a lower work center 320 and a lower chuck 340.

  The lower work center 320 has a lower support 321 and a shaft 322. The lower support 321 has a substantially true sphere and is fitted into a concave portion W1 formed on the lower end surface of the shaft workpiece W. The lower support 321 contacts the inclined surface of the concave portion W1 and supports the lower side of the shaft workpiece W. The lower support 321 and the concave portion W1 of the shaft workpiece W do not slide. The shaft 322 is a rod-shaped member having a tapered shape whose diameter is reduced downward, and a lower support 321 is connected to an upper end thereof. Note that, here, the lower support 321 is a true sphere, but may be a cone, for example.

  The lower chuck 340 is a bar-shaped member having a length in the vertical direction, and is provided upright on the rotary table 120. The lower chuck 340 has a hole 341 corresponding to the shaft 322, and the shaft 322 is inserted into the hole 341 from above. At this time, the center of the lower support 321 is on the rotation axis of the turntable 120. The shaft 322 is detachable from the lower chuck 340, and the lower work center 320 can be exchanged according to the shaft workpiece W.

  When the rotary table 120 is driven to rotate, the lower support 310 also rotates integrally with the rotary table 120. Therefore, the rotary table 120, the lower support 310, and the shaft workpiece W rotate integrally.

  Since the rotary table 120 is connected to a motor (not shown), the stopped state of the rotary table 120 can be maintained by the power of the motor. Alternatively, depending on the type of the motor, the stopped state of the rotary table 120 is maintained by the cogging torque even when no power is supplied. Therefore, the lower work center 320 can be pulled out from the lower chuck 340 if the shaft 322 is pinched with pliers or the like and slightly turned or pulled. This is a one-handed operation. In order to fit the lower work center 320 into the lower chuck 340, it is only necessary to push the shaft 322 into the hole 341 of the lower chuck 340, so that one-handed operation is sufficient.

  The rotation preventing unit 350 prevents the shaft workpiece W from rotating relative to the rotary table 120. The rotation preventing unit 350 includes an upright member 360 installed on the rotary table 120 in an upright state, and an arm 370 provided on the upright member 360. By holding the arm 370 on the shaft workpiece W, the shaft workpiece W rotates together with the turntable 120.

  The upper support 380 will be described. The upper support 380 supports the upper end of the shaft workpiece W. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper support 380 includes a Y-direction coarse movement mechanism 390 and a pushing unit 400.

  The Y-direction coarse movement mechanism 390 enables the pushing unit 400 to move in the Y direction, and thereby moves the pushing unit 400 to a position immediately above the shaft workpiece W. The Y-direction coarse movement mechanism 390 includes a Y column 391 and a Y slider 392. The Y column 391 is erected on the base 110 so as to be parallel (parallel to the vertical direction) with the shaft workpiece W supported in the vertical direction. The Y slider 392 is slidably provided in the Y direction along the Y column 391. Then, the position of the Y slider 392 is locked at a desired position by a lock mechanism (not shown). The pushing unit 400 is fixedly provided on the Y slider 392.

  FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the pushing unit 400. The pushing unit 400 maintains the supporting state of the shaft workpiece W by pushing the upper end of the shaft workpiece W downward. The pushing unit 400 includes a housing 401, a Y-direction fine movement mechanism 410, a spindle 420, an upper work center 430, an urging force applying unit 440, and a rotation preventing unit 450.

  The housing unit 401 is fixedly provided on the Y slider 392 and is movable with the Y slider 392 in the Z direction. The Y-direction fine movement mechanism 410, the spindle 420, the urging force applying section 440, and the rotation preventing means 450 are housed in the housing section 401. The lower end surface of the housing 401 and the Y slider 392 have an insertion hole 402 through which the spindle 420 and the upper work center 430 are inserted.

  The Y direction fine movement mechanism 410 allows the upper work center 430 to be slightly displaced in the Y direction with respect to the Y slider 392. The Y-direction fine movement mechanism 410 has a guide shaft 411 and a fine movement slider 412. The guide shaft 411 is provided in the housing 401 so as to extend in the vertical direction (Y direction). The fine movement slider 412 is provided on the guide shaft 411 so as to be movable in the Y direction along the guide shaft 411. The fine movement slider 412 supports the spindle 420 rotatably.

  The spindle 420 is a rod-shaped member extending in the vertical direction (Y direction), and the vicinity of the upper end thereof is supported by the fine movement slider 412 via the bearing 413. The bearing 413 allows the spindle 420 to rotate about the central axis. The spindle 420 hangs down from the fine movement slider 412, passes through the insertion hole 402, and the tip thereof is out of the housing 401. The spindle 420 has a hole 421 formed in the up-down direction (Y direction). The hole 421 may be a tapered hole or a straight hole, but a straight hole is exemplified here. The upper work center 430 is inserted into the hole 421.

  The spindle 420 has a locking groove 422 for locking the upper work center 430 on the outer periphery on the lower end side. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where the spindle 420 and the upper work center 430 are separated. The locking groove 422 is formed in the circumferential direction over a length of about a quarter of the circumference. Further, a notch groove 423 along the axial direction is formed between the locking groove 422 and the lowermost end of the spindle 420, and the locking groove 422 is formed by the notch groove 423 at the lowermost end of the spindle 420. It communicates with the notch. Although not shown in detail, two sets of the locking groove 422 and the notch groove 423 are provided, and are provided on opposite sides of the center axis.

  The upper work center 430 has an upper support 431, a shaft 432, and a center holder 433.

  The upper support 431 is fitted into a concave portion W2 formed at an upper surface end of the shaft workpiece W, and comes into contact with the inclined surface of the concave portion W2. Here, the upper support 431 is a sphere, but may be a cone. The shaft 432 is a rod-shaped member, and the upper support 431 is connected to the lower end. Although the shaft 432 may have a taper, a straight type having a constant diameter is exemplified here. Note that the shaft 432 and the upper support 431 may be integrally formed. In particular, if the shaft 432 is a straight type, it is easy to cut continuously together with the upper support 431.

  The center holder 433 has a chuck portion 434 and an engaging portion 435. The chuck portion 434 fixedly holds (chucks) the shaft 432 on the lower end side of the center holder 433. As the chuck portion 434, for example, a collet chuck is typical, but the structure is not limited. It suffices if there is a cylindrical hole through which the shaft 432 can be inserted and a mechanism capable of tightening and fixing the shaft 432 to the cylindrical hole.

  The engagement portion 435 is an engagement means for attaching the upper work center 430 to the spindle 420. The engagement portion 435 includes a shaft 436 inserted into the hole 421 of the spindle 420, a ring 437 disposed around the shaft 436, two locking claws 438 protruding inside the ring 437, (See FIG. 6).

  When the locking claw 438 enters from the notch groove 423 and further rotates in the circumferential direction of the spindle 420 along the locking groove 422, the locking groove 422 and the locking claw 438 are engaged. Then, the spindle 420 and the upper work center 430 do not come off in the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to prepare a plurality of center holders 433 and preset upper supports 431 of different sizes in the respective center holders 433.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the urging force applying unit 440 maintains a state in which the upper work center 430 is pressed against the upper end surface W2 of the shaft workpiece W. The urging force applying section 440 is housed in the housing section 401 and is connected to the fine movement slider 412. The urging force applying section 440 may be any mechanism that can apply a downward urging force to the fine movement slider 412, and may be configured by, for example, an air cylinder or an elastic body (spring, rubber).

  The rotation preventing means 450 is means for restricting the rotation of the spindle 420 so that the spindle 420 does not rotate. The spindle 420 is rotatable by a bearing 413 in a normal state. When the rotary table 120 is rotated, the lower work center 320, the shaft work W, and the upper work center 430 are integrally rotated. Therefore, in the normal state, the spindle 420 can freely rotate to allow free rotation of the upper work center 430. However, when the upper work center 430 is attached to and detached from the spindle 420, it is desirable that the rotation of the spindle 420 is restricted. Therefore, a detent means 450 for regulating the rotation of the spindle 420 is added.

  The detent means 450 is a projection that is added immediately below the fine movement slider 412 so as to project from the spindle 420 in the radial direction. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, since the protruding portion makes a round in the circumferential direction of the spindle 420 and has a flange shape, this is referred to as a flange body 450. FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view in which fine movement slider 412 is cut along a plane parallel to the axis of spindle 420 so that flange body 450 immediately below fine movement slider 412 is exposed. As a material of the flange body 450, various materials such as a metal and a resin (which may be plastic or rubber) can be used, and there is no particular limitation. The diameter R of the flange body 450 is larger than the diameter r of the hole 402 of the housing 401.

  When the fine movement slider 412 is lowered to the lowermost position without the shaft workpiece W, the flange body 450 contacts the bottom surface of the housing 401 as shown in FIG. Further, when fine movement slider 412 is pushed downward by urging force applying section 440, flange body 450 is pressed against the bottom surface of housing section 401. In this state, even if the spindle 420 is turned, a large frictional force is generated between the flange body 450 and the bottom surface of the housing 401, so that the rotation of the spindle 420 is restricted.

  It is needless to say that the diameter R of the flange body 450 is larger than the diameter r of the hole 402 of the housing 401 so that the flange body 450 does not pass through the hole 402. A certain contact area with the bottom surface of the housing section 401 is secured so that a frictional force necessary for restricting the rotation of the spindle 420 can be obtained.

  A procedure for replacing the lower work center 320 and the upper work center 430 in the first embodiment having such a configuration will be described. When exchanging the axis workpiece W to be measured, the lower work center 320 and the upper work center 430 are exchanged accordingly. When replacing the lower work center 320, the rotary table 120 may be stopped, and the lower work center 320 may be extracted from the lower chuck 340. Since the rotary table 120 is stopped, the lower work center 320 can be pulled out by holding the lower work center 320 with one hand and slightly turning the lower work center 320. Then, the desired lower work center 320 may be pushed into the lower chuck 340. This is a simple one-handed task.

  The replacement of the upper work center 430 will be described. When replacing the upper work center 430, first, the fine movement slider 412 is lowered to the bottom, and the fine movement slider 412 is further pushed down by the urging force applying section 440. Then, the flange body 450 comes into contact with the bottom surface of the housing 401, whereby the rotation of the spindle 420 is restricted. In this state, the user grips the center holder 433 and rotates the center holder 433 about 90 degrees. Then, the locking claw 438 is disengaged from the locking groove 422, and the upper support 431 is disengaged from the spindle 420 together with the center holder 433.

  Since the spindle 420 is not stopped, it is a one-handed operation to pull out the spindle 420 while rotating the center holder 433.

  Next, the center holder 433 on which the desired upper support 431 is set is attached to the spindle 420. The locking claw 438 is inserted through the notch groove 423, and the center holder 433 is slightly pushed up to insert the locking claw 438 into the locking groove 422. Then, the center claw 438 is fitted into the locking groove 422 by rotating the center holder 433. Thereby, the locking groove 422 and the locking claw 438 are engaged, and the mounting of the upper work center 430 is completed.

  The spindle 420 is pushed downward by the urging force applying section 440 in addition to being prevented from rotating. Therefore, the center holder 433 may be slightly pushed up or turned by one-handed operation.

(Modification 1)
In the first embodiment, the detent means 450 is the flange body 450. Other aspects of the rotation stop of the spindle 420 are also conceivable. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a crown gear 461 may be attached to face the spindle 420 and the bottom surface of the housing 401. When the crown gears 461 mesh with each other, the rotation of the spindle 420 is regulated.

(Modification 2)
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the spindle 420 is provided with one or more (here, four) protrusions 471 projecting in the radial direction, and one or more (here, four) protrusions are provided on the bottom surface of the housing 401. ) May be provided with a ring body 473 having the projection 472 on the inner peripheral surface. The engagement of the projection 471 and the projection 472 of the ring body 473 prevents the spindle 420 from rotating. In the example of the second modification, even if the projection 471 enters the inside of the ring body 473, the spindle 420 is moved within a certain range (less than 90 here) until the projection 471 is hooked on the projection 472 of the ring body 473. Will rotate, but if the spindle 420 rotates to some extent, the rotation will always stop, so that there is no problem in turning and removing the center holder 433.

  By the way, in the detent of the first and second modifications, the frictional force is not used. Therefore, the fine movement slider 412 can be lowered to the bottom without pushing down the fine movement slider 412 by the urging force applying unit 440. The detent of the spindle 420 operates. Therefore, if only the center holder 433 is to be removed from the spindle 420, the fine movement slider 412 may be lowered to the lowest position (by its own weight), and the fine movement slider 412 does not need to be pushed down by the urging force applying unit 440. However, when attaching the center holder 433 to the spindle 420, an operation of pushing up the center holder 433 is involved. At that time, it is conceivable that the spindle 420 is also lifted up and the detent is released. Therefore, when attaching the center holder 433 to the spindle 420, it is preferable to apply a downward urging force to the fine movement slider 412 by pushing down the fine movement slider 412 with the urging force applying unit 440.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist.
Although the case where the shaft work is supported vertically is illustrated above, the shaft work may be supported horizontally.
The coordinate measuring machine is not limited to a so-called horizontal coordinate measuring machine, but may be a vertical coordinate measuring machine.
As the detent means, it is sufficient that the protrusion protruding in the radial direction of the spindle contacts or engages with the peripheral area of the hole of the housing, and other modes are also conceivable. For example, a pin may be provided in one of the protrusion and the peripheral area of the hole in the housing, and a hole or groove in which the pin fits may be provided in the other.

5 upper unit, 18 rotating jig, 18a taper hole, 19 bearing, 21 pushing mechanism, 23 spherical body, 24 work center, 27 slider, 100 measuring device, 110 base, 120 rotation Table, 200: CMM, 240: Probe head, 241: Probe, 250: Processing device, 260: Housing, 300: Support mechanism, 310: Lower support, 320: Lower work center, 321: Lower Supporting body, 322: shaft, 340: lower chuck, 341: hole, 350: rotation preventing part, 360: standing member, 370: arm, 380: upper supporting part, 390: Z-direction coarse movement mechanism, 391: Z column Reference numeral 392 Z slider, 400 push-in unit, 401 housing unit, 402 insertion hole, 402 hole, 410 Z-direction fine movement mechanism 411 guide shaft, 4 Reference numeral 2: fine slider 413: bearing, 420: spindle, 421: hole, 422: locking groove, 423: notch groove, 430: upper work center, 431: upper support, 432: shaft, 433: center holder, 434: chuck portion, 435: engagement portion, 436: shaft body, 437 ... ring body, 438 ... locking claw, 440 ...-, 450 ... detent means, 450 ... flange body, 461 ... crown gear, 471 ... protrusion Part, 472: Projection, 473: Ring body, W: Shaft work.

Claims (4)

A measuring device for measuring a long shaft workpiece,
One end side support portion for supporting one end side of the shaft work,
Another end side support portion for supporting the other end side of the shaft work,
A measuring machine having a probe for measuring the shaft workpiece supported by the one end side support portion and the other end side support portion,
The one end side support portion,
And one full end work centers fitted on one end of the shaft-like workpiece,
And a spindle one end work center is Ri attached taken,
The one-end work center includes a one-end support having a sphere fitted into a recess formed on one end surface of the shaft workpiece,
The other end side support portion includes another end support body having a sphere fitted into a concave portion formed on the other end side end surface of the shaft workpiece,
As the spindle moves in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work, the one end support also moves only in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work.
Measurement device comprising a call. The measuring device according to claim 1,
The one end side support portion,
A slider that is movably guided in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work and that supports the spindle.
A measuring device characterized by the above-mentioned. The measuring device according to claim 1 ,
The one-side support portion, measuring device characterized by Ru with an urging force applying portion to provide a biasing force pushing the end work center to the shaft-like workpiece. A support mechanism for a shaft work supporting a long shaft work,
One end side support portion for supporting one end side of the shaft work,
And a second end supporting portion for supporting the other end of the shaft work,
The one end side support portion,
And one full end work centers fitted on one end of the shaft-like workpiece,
And a spindle one end work center is Ri attached taken,
The one-end work center includes a one-end support having a sphere fitted into a recess formed on one end surface of the shaft workpiece,
The other end side support portion includes another end support body having a sphere fitted into a concave portion formed on the other end side end surface of the shaft workpiece,
The support mechanism for a shaft work, wherein the one end support moves only in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work as the spindle moves in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft work.

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