JP6656018B2 - Three-dimensional object capable of being measured by a medical image photographing apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the same and a manufacturing apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional model formed by a powder laminating method, which is one type of a modeling method using a 3D printer, a method of manufacturing the same, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor.

  The powder laminating method, which is a type of modeling method using a 3D printer, discharges and solidifies a molding liquid having an adhesive function on a flatly arranged molding material to form one layer of a three-dimensional molded object. This is a method of forming a three-dimensional structure by forming and stacking these layers.

  As a technique based on the conventional powder laminating method, for example, Patent Literature 1 below describes a technique using gypsum powder as a main material of a molding material.

JP 2014-188888 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since gypsum powder is used as a main material of the molding material, the three-dimensional molded product as a finished product is very brittle (low in strength). That is, in the prior art, it is difficult to form a three-dimensional molded object having high strength, softness, and which can be photographed by a medical image photographing apparatus in forming a three-dimensional molded object by the powder lamination method. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and in forming a three-dimensional structure by a powder lamination method, the strength is high, and further, the image can be photographed with a soft and soft medical image photographing apparatus. An object is to be able to form a three-dimensional structure.

The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention includes a step of forming a three-dimensional structure simulating a living body part by a powder laminating method using a molding material obtained by mixing a gypsum powder and a urethane resin powder; After the step of impregnating the three-dimensional object with the urethane resin and the step of impregnating the urethane resin are completed, the hollow region of the three-dimensional object is a soft resin that is softer than the three-dimensional object and is a urethane resin. And forming a plurality of soft resins having different softnesses as a main material .
Another aspect of the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is that, in the step of forming the plurality of soft resins, the mixing ratio of the urethane resin is changed to form the plurality of soft resins having different softnesses. I do.
Also, the other aspect of the production method of the three-dimensionally shaped object of the present invention, after the step of forming the plurality of soft resin is completed, further comprising the step of immersing in an aqueous medium said 3-dimensional shaped object.
In another aspect of the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, an antiseptic / antifungal agent is dissolved in the aqueous medium .
Also, another aspect of the manufacturing method of the three-dimensionally shaped object of the present invention, the soft resin, the tumor or adipose tissue present in the body part, or a biological tissue constituting the biological part imitates is there.
In another aspect of the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the soft resin is formed by enclosing a partial structure that is a part of the three-dimensional structure .
Also, another aspect of the manufacturing method of the three-dimensionally shaped object of the present invention, the soft resin, in addition to the main material, the soft formed in the hollow region in the imaging using the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging It is formed including a contrast material for projecting a resin.
Further, in another aspect of the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the soft resin is configured to project the soft resin formed in the hollow region by ultrasonic imaging in addition to the main material. It is formed including an ultrasonic scattering material.
In another aspect of the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the step of forming the three-dimensional structure has an adhesive function for the modeling material for each layer by the powder lamination method. The three-dimensional object is formed by discharging and solidifying a molding liquid, and the three-dimensional object is formed on the molding liquid in order to project the form of the three-dimensional object in imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast material is included.
In another aspect of the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the urethane resin powder has a weight ratio of 5% to 60% with respect to a total weight of the molding material.
The present invention also includes a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus that executes the above-described three-dimensional structure manufacturing method, and a three-dimensional structure manufactured by the above-described three-dimensional structure manufacturing method.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in formation of a three-dimensional molded article by the powder lamination method, a three-dimensional molded article with high strength can be formed. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a soft three-dimensional structure can be formed. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure capable of capturing an image with a medical image capturing apparatus. For example, if the technology of the present invention is applied to the medical field, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that reproduces a living body part (for example, an organ) of each patient in a form closer to the real thing. Can be used for general surgical training, surgical training using a medical image capturing apparatus, and the like, and the quality of medical treatment can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the processing procedure in the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure performed by the manufacturing apparatus of the three-dimensional structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a specific operation of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a tensile strength test of a three-dimensional molded article (after immersion in an aqueous medium) manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the molding material shown in FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows the result of. FIG. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a three-dimensional structure (without urethane resin impregnation) manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the forming material illustrated in FIG. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a rubber hardness test of a product (after impregnation with a urethane resin) and a three-dimensional molded product (after immersion in an aqueous medium). 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and shows whether or not a three-dimensional structure manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the forming material shown in FIG. FIG. It is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic structure of a manufacturing device of a three-dimensional structure concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a flow chart which shows an example of a processing procedure in a manufacturing method of a three-dimensional model performed by a manufacturing device of a three-dimensional model concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing an example of a three-dimensional fabrication thing manufactured with a manufacturing device of a three-dimensional fabrication thing concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing other examples of a three-dimensional structure thing manufactured by a manufacturing device of a three-dimensional structure thing concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing other examples of a three-dimensional fabrication thing manufactured by a manufacturing device of a three-dimensional fabrication thing concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment (embodiment) for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, a schematic configuration of an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a manufacturing apparatus 100 for a three-dimensional structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes an information input device 110, an information processing / control device 120, a three-dimensional structure forming device 130, a first heat treatment device 140, and a urethane. It has a resin impregnation device 150, a second heat treatment device 160, and an aqueous medium immersion device 170.

  The information input device 110 is a device that inputs various information including various data to the information processing / control device 120. The information input device 110 may be composed of, for example, a keyboard and a mouse of a personal computer, or may be a communication interface for connecting to a computer network.

  The information processing / control device 120 is a device that processes various types of information input from the information input device 110 and controls the operation of the manufacturing apparatus 100 for a three-dimensional structure in a comprehensive manner. For example, the information processing / control device 120 controls the devices (130 to 170) in the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 based on various types of information input from the information input device 110.

  Under the control of the information processing / control device 120, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 uses the modeling material 200 in which the urethane resin powder is mixed with the gypsum powder, and simulates a three-dimensional structure by a powder stacking method. This is an apparatus for forming 300-1. In the present embodiment, the molding material 200 further contains an antiseptic / antifungal agent in addition to the gypsum powder and the urethane resin powder.

Here, the molding material 200 will be described in detail.
As described above, the molding material 200 according to the present embodiment is obtained by mixing the gypsum powder with the urethane resin powder and the antiseptic / antifungal agent. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a silver-containing amorphous glass powder is used as an antiseptic / antifungal agent contained in the modeling material 200.

The weight ratio of each powder contained in the molding material 200 will be described below.
The urethane resin powder contained in the molding material 200 preferably has a weight ratio of 5% to 60% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200. This is because if the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the molding material 200 is less than 5%, the gypsum becomes dominant and the finished three-dimensional molded article 300 becomes insufficiently brittle due to insufficient strength. Further, when the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the modeling material 200 exceeds 60%, when storing the completed three-dimensional model 300 (storage in an aqueous medium), the three-dimensional model 300 is This is because there is a problem that the shape cannot be maintained and collapses. Further, from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the three-dimensional structure 300 as a finished product, the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the forming material 200 is optimally in the range of 20% to 40%. The preservative / antifungal agent contained in the molding material 200 preferably has a weight ratio of 0.1% to 5% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200. This is because when the weight ratio of the antiseptic / antifungal agent to the total weight of the molding material 200 is less than 0.1%, the antiseptic / antifungal function of the finished three-dimensional molded article 300 becomes insufficient. This is because it occurs. The gypsum powder contained in the molding material 200 preferably has a weight ratio of 35% to 94.9% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200.

  The first heat treatment device 140 heat-treats the three-dimensional structure 300-1 simulating the living body part formed by the three-dimensional structure forming device 130 at a predetermined temperature under the control of the information processing / control device 120 (first heat treatment). Heat treatment). In this embodiment, the first heat treatment apparatus 140 first heat-treats the three-dimensional structure 300-1 at a temperature of about 50 ° C. for 30 minutes to 1 hour, and then performs a heat treatment at a temperature of about 80 ° C. The heat treatment is performed for 30 minutes to 1 hour. In the present example, the first heat treatment by the first heat treatment device 140 causes the entire moisture of the three-dimensional structure 300-1 to be blown off, thereby fixing the gypsum particles.

  The urethane resin impregnating device 150 is a device for impregnating the three-dimensional structure 300-2 heat-treated by the first heat treatment device 140 with the urethane resin under the control of the information processing / control device 120. Here, as the impregnation method using the urethane resin impregnation device 150, for example, a form in which a urethane resin is impregnated using a brush, a form in which a urethane resin is sprayed and impregnated, or a container filled with a urethane resin is used. It is possible to adopt a form in which the three-dimensional structure 300-2 is dipped and impregnated. In the present embodiment, the urethane resin used in the urethane resin impregnating device 150 is not particularly limited as long as it can be cured with a liquid urethane resin, but the operation is simplified by using a one-component moisture-curable urethane resin. Is preferable. In the present embodiment, a urethane resin obtained by diluting a mixture of a polyol and a polyisocyanate with butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, or the like is used as a urethane resin material used in the urethane resin impregnation device 150.

  The second heat treatment apparatus 160 heat-treats the three-dimensional structure 300-3 that has been subjected to the urethane resin impregnation processing in the urethane resin impregnation apparatus 150 at a predetermined temperature under the control of the information processing / control apparatus 120 (second heat treatment). It is a device to do. In the present embodiment, the second heat treatment apparatus 160 first performs a heat treatment on the three-dimensional structure 300-3 at a temperature of 15 ° C. or higher for 12 hours to 24 hours, and then at a temperature of 80 ° C. The heat treatment is performed for about 2 hours. In this example, the urethane resin impregnated by the urethane resin impregnation device 150 is cured by the second heat treatment by the second heat treatment device 160.

  The aqueous medium immersion apparatus 170 is an apparatus for immersing the three-dimensional structure 300-4 heat-treated by the second heat treatment apparatus 160 in an aqueous medium under the control of the information processing / control device 120. Here, the aqueous medium is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the strength and softness of the three-dimensional structure 300, but water, saline, a buffer, an aqueous organic solvent such as glycerin or ethylene glycol, or These mixtures and the like can be mentioned, and a water-soluble substance can be dissolved therein. In one embodiment, an antiseptic / antifungal agent can be added to the aqueous medium described above. The antiseptic / antifungal agent has an antiseptic / fungicidal function for the three-dimensional object 300-4 and the aqueous medium, and does not affect the strength and softness of the three-dimensional object 300. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a fungicide, but in consideration of handling, surgical training, etc., those with low irritation are preferred, and hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite, phenoxyethanol, benzoic acid Sodium acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester or a salt thereof and the like can be mentioned, and each can be used at an appropriate concentration exhibiting a preservative / antifungal function. In the present embodiment, the aqueous medium immersion device 170 preferably immerses the three-dimensional structure 300-4 in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 80C to 95C for about one hour, for example. Then, for example, when performing surgical training or the like, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 performs a process of taking out the three-dimensional structure 300-5 from the aqueous medium immersion device 170.

  Note that, in the example shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment in which two heat treatment devices, that is, a first heat treatment device 140 and a second heat treatment device 160 are provided, is shown. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this. Instead, for example, an embodiment in which one heat treatment apparatus is provided and both the first heat treatment by the first heat treatment apparatus 140 and the second heat treatment by the second heat treatment apparatus 160 are performed in this one heat treatment apparatus is also described in the present embodiment. Applicable to form. In the case where the three-dimensional structure 300 is naturally dried over a long period of time, for example, an embodiment in which one or both of the first heat treatment apparatus 140 and the second heat treatment apparatus 160 are not provided is also described in the present embodiment. Applicable to

  Next, a processing procedure of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure executed by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure performed by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, in step S1 in FIG. 2, the information input device 110 in FIG. 1 performs a process of inputting three-dimensional printing data relating to a living body part to the information processing / control device 120. Then, the information processing / control device 120 performs information processing on, for example, the three-dimensional printing data relating to the living body part input from the information input device 110 to obtain slice data of the number N of layers. Further, the information processing / control device 120 sets the number of layers N. After that, the information processing / control device 120 instructs the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 information relating to slice data of each layer of the three-dimensional structure data relating to the living body part and information relating to the number of layers N of the three-dimensional structure data. And so on. Then, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 that has received the information related to the slice data of each layer of the three-dimensional structure data and the information related to the number N of layers of the three-dimensional structure data from the information processing / control device 120 includes the information shown in FIG. Then, the following steps S2 to S6 surrounded by a broken line frame are performed.

  In step S2 in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in FIG. 1 sets 1 to a stacking number n indicating a layer to be formed.

  Subsequently, in step S3 in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in FIG. 1 supplies the modeling material 200 of the nth layer to the modeling region under the control of the information processing / control device 120.

  Subsequently, in step S4 in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in FIG. 1 controls the n-th layer based on the n-th slice data of the three-dimensional structure data under the control of the information processing / control device 120. A molding liquid having an adhesive function is applied to a predetermined position of the molding material 200.

  Subsequently, in step S5 in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in FIG. 1 determines whether the currently set stacking number n is smaller than the stacking number N set in step S1.

  As a result of the determination in step S5, when the currently set stack number n is smaller than the stack number N set in step S1 (S5 / YES), the processing on the slice data of all the layers has not been completed. It is determined that there is not, and the process proceeds to step S6 in FIG.

  When proceeding to step S6 in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in FIG. 1 adds 1 to the lamination number n indicating the layer to be formed, and changes the lamination number n indicating the layer to be formed. Thereafter, the process returns to step S3, and the processing based on the changed stack number n is performed. That is, in the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, the processes of steps S3 to S6 are repeatedly performed by the number of laminations N set in step S1.

  If the currently set stack number n is not smaller than the stack number N set in step S1 as a result of the determination in step S5 (S5 / NO), the processing on the slice data of all the layers is completed. It is determined that the operation has been performed, and the process proceeds to step S7 in FIG. At the stage of proceeding to step S7 of FIG. 2, in the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 of FIG. 1, a forming liquid having an adhesive function is discharged to the forming material 200 for each layer by the powder lamination method and solidified. Thus, a three-dimensional structure 300-1 imitating a living body part is formed.

  Here, before describing step S7 in FIG. 2, a specific operation of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 in steps S2 to S6 described above will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a specific operation of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 shown in FIG. Specifically, FIG. 3 shows an example of a specific operation of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 when forming the three-dimensional structure 300-1 simulating a living body part by the powder lamination method.

  The three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 includes a roller 131, a printer head 132, a forming material storage unit 133, a piston 134, a forming area 135, a piston 136, and a forming material discharge unit 137, as illustrated in a process P1 of FIG. Is configured.

  The roller 131 performs an operation for supplying the modeling material 200 for each layer to the modeling region 135.

  The printer head 132 applies a molding liquid having an adhesive function to a predetermined position of the modeling material 200 of each layer supplied to the modeling area 135 based on the slice data of each layer of the three-dimensional modeling data relating to the living body part. Apply. Here, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the printer head 132 operates integrally with the roller 131.

  The modeling material storage unit 133 stores the modeling material 200 used when forming the three-dimensional modeled object 300-1 simulating a living body part by the powder lamination method.

  The piston 134 operates when the modeling material 200 stored in the modeling material storage unit 133 is supplied to the modeling region 135.

  The modeling region 135 is a region that forms a three-dimensional modeled object 300-1 imitating a living body part.

  The piston 136 operates when forming a three-dimensional structure 300-1 simulating a living body part.

  The modeling material discharge unit 137 is for discharging an excess modeling material 200 out of the modeling material 200 supplied to the modeling region 135.

  First, in the process P1 of FIG. 3, the roller 131 and the printer head 132 are located on the left side of the modeling material storage unit 133. Then, in the process P1 of FIG. 3, the roller 131 moves to the right side of the drawing together with the printer head 132 while rotating.

  Then, as shown in the process P2 of FIG. 3, a predetermined amount of the modeling material 200 stored in the modeling material storage unit 133 is supplied to the modeling region 135.

  When the roller 131 passes through the modeling area 135 together with the printer head 132, the modeling material 200 supplied to the modeling area 135 is stretched and flattened as shown in a process P3 in FIG. The first layer of the molding material 200 is laid. Further, as shown in a process P3 in FIG. 3, excess modeling material 200 generated when the modeling material 200 is stretched by the roller 131 is discharged to the modeling material discharge unit 137. In the process P3 in FIG. 3, a state is shown in which the roller 131 and the printer head 132 have moved to the right of the modeling material discharge unit 137.

  The process P1 shown in FIG. 3 to the process P3 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to step S3 in FIG.

Next, as shown in a process P4 in FIG. 3, when the printer head 132 moves to the left side of the drawing together with the roller 131 and arrives at the formation area 135, the printer head 132 converts the slice data of the first layer of the three-dimensional formation data into Based on this, a molding liquid 201 having an adhesive function is applied to a predetermined position of the first layer of the molding material 200. At this time, since the modeling liquid 201 applied from the printer head 132 can be given various colors, for example, when the three-dimensional printing object 300-1 related to the organ of the patient is formed as a living body part, it becomes more real. It is possible to form a three-dimensional object in a close shape, and it is also possible to grasp an affected part (lesion). Further, in the present embodiment, the modeling liquid 201 applied from the printer head 132 has a three-dimensional model 300 in the image shooting by an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) imaging apparatus that performs image shooting using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. A contrast material for projecting the morphology is included. Specifically, in the present embodiment, gadolinium (Gd) corresponding to a positive contrast material and negative contrast material are used as the contrast material in order to approximate the T1 value and the T2 value in imaging with an MRI imaging apparatus. A small amount of iron (Fe) is included in the modeling liquid 201.

  The process P4 in FIG. 3 corresponds to step S4 in FIG. Then, the molding based on the slice data of the first layer of the three-dimensional molding data is completed by the steps shown in the processes P1 to P4 in FIG.

  When the application of the modeling liquid 201 by the printer head 132 is completed, the printer head 132 and the roller 131 move to the left side position of the modeling material storage unit 133 as shown in a process P5 in FIG. Next, in preparation for the formation of the second layer, the piston 134 rises by a predetermined amount to push up the molding material 200 stored in the molding material storage unit 133, and the piston 136 descends by a predetermined amount to move to the molding region 135. A space for laying the second layer of the molding material 200 is created. Thereafter, the process proceeds to the process P1 shown in FIG. 3, and the modeling of the second and subsequent layers is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when there are slice data of the number N of layers, the processes P1 to P5 of FIG. 3 are repeatedly performed by the number N of layers.

Here, the description returns to FIG.
When the processing on the slice data of all layers is completed, the process proceeds to step S7 in FIG.
When the process proceeds to step S7 in FIG. 2, the first heat treatment apparatus 140 in FIG. 1, under the control of the information processing / control device 120, imitates a three-dimensional object formed by the three-dimensional object forming apparatus 130 A heat treatment (first heat treatment) is performed on 300-1 at a predetermined temperature. In this embodiment, the first heat treatment apparatus 140 first heat-treats the three-dimensional structure 300-1 at a temperature of about 50 ° C. for 30 minutes to 1 hour, and then performs a heat treatment at a temperature of about 80 ° C. The heat treatment is performed for 30 minutes to 1 hour.

  Subsequently, in step S8 in FIG. 2, the urethane resin impregnating device 150 in FIG. 1 applies the first heat treatment in step S7 to the three-dimensional structure 300-2 under the control of the information processing / control device 120. A process of impregnating a urethane resin is performed. Here, as the impregnation method using the urethane resin impregnation device 150, for example, a form in which a urethane resin is impregnated using a brush, a form in which a urethane resin is sprayed and impregnated, or a container filled with a urethane resin is used. It is possible to adopt a form in which the three-dimensional structure 300-2 is dipped and impregnated. In the present embodiment, the urethane resin used in the urethane resin impregnating device 150 is not particularly limited as long as it can be cured with a liquid urethane resin, but the operation is simplified by using a one-component moisture-curable urethane resin. Is preferable. In the present embodiment, a urethane resin obtained by diluting a mixture of a polyol and a polyisocyanate with butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, or the like is used as a urethane resin material used in the urethane resin impregnation device 150.

  Subsequently, in step S9 of FIG. 2, the second heat treatment apparatus 160 of FIG. 1 removes the three-dimensional structure 300-3 that has been subjected to the urethane resin impregnation processing in step S8 according to the control of the information processing / control device 120. (A second heat treatment). In the present embodiment, the second heat treatment apparatus 160 first performs a heat treatment on the three-dimensional structure 300-3 at a temperature of 15 ° C. or higher for 12 hours to 24 hours, and then at a temperature of 80 ° C. The heat treatment is performed for about 2 hours.

  Subsequently, in step S10 in FIG. 2, the aqueous medium immersion apparatus 170 in FIG. 1 removes the three-dimensional object 300-4 that has been subjected to the second heat treatment in step S9 under the control of the information processing / control device 120. Immersion treatment. Then, for example, when performing surgical training or the like, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 performs a process of taking out the three-dimensional structure 300-5 from the aqueous medium immersion device 170.

  In the case where the three-dimensional structure 300 is naturally dried over a long period of time, if necessary, any one of the first heat treatment in step S7 in FIG. 2 and the second heat treatment in step S9 in FIG. A mode in which one or both are omitted is also applicable to the present embodiment.

  When the processing in step S10 in FIG. 2 ends, the processing in the flowchart illustrated in FIG. 2 ends. By the processing of the flow chart shown in FIG. 2, a three-dimensional structure 300 formed by imitating a living body part containing gypsum and a urethane resin (and further containing an antiseptic / antifungal agent) by a powder lamination method is manufactured. You.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure 300 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the manufacturing apparatus 100 for a three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment is for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure 300 simulating a living body part. The example which manufactures thing 300 is shown.

  Specifically, FIG. 4A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure 300-5 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, and illustrates a kidney. The ureter, renal vein and renal artery are shown, together with the three-dimensional structure 300-5.

  FIG. 4B1 is an image showing a three-dimensional structure 300-5 based on FIG. 4A actually manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 (b2) shows a case where the three-dimensional structure 300-5 shown in FIG. 4 (b1) is divided into two so that the inside of the three-dimensional structure 300-5 shown in FIG. 4 (b1) can be seen. It is an image which shows three-dimensional molded objects 300-5a and 300-5b.

  Next, the results of a test performed by the present inventors will be described.

  FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a three-dimensional structure 300-5 (aqueous solution) manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the forming material 200 shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a tensile strength test (after immersion in a medium). Specifically, FIG. 5 shows each of the three-dimensional objects 300-5 immersed in the aqueous medium for one to two weeks in the aqueous medium immersion apparatus 170 of FIG. 5 (after immersion in an aqueous medium) is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a tensile strength test. FIG. 5 shows the results of a tensile strength test until each three-dimensional structure 300-5 breaks. That is, the end (upper right end) of each graph shown in FIG. 5 indicates that each test piece was broken by the load. FIG. 5 shows the results of a tensile strength test with the distance between the marked lines of each test piece set to 50 mm. FIG. 5 shows the results obtained using a “AutoGraph AG-IS 50 kN” tensile strength tester manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

  From the results of the tensile strength test shown in FIG. 5, the three-dimensional model 300-5 in which the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the modeling material 200 is 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% is It was found that the tensile strength was higher than that of a three-dimensional structure in which the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight was 0% (that is, the urethane resin powder was not mixed as the molding material 200). As described above, in the present embodiment, the urethane resin powder contained in the molding material 200 preferably has a weight ratio of 5% to 60% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200. In this regard, FIG. 5 does not show the results of the tensile strength test when the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the molding material 200 is 5%. The three-dimensional structure 300-5 in which the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the molding material 5% is 0% (that is, the urethane resin powder is not mixed as the molding material 200) is 0% to the total weight of the molding material 200. It has been found that the tensile strength is higher than that of a three-dimensional structure.

  Further, as described above, in the present embodiment, it is optimal that the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the molding material 200 is in the range of 20% to 40%. In this regard, from the results of the tensile strength test shown in FIG. 5, it can be said that this is appropriate from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the completed three-dimensional structure 300.

  FIG. 6 illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a three-dimensional model 300-2 (urethane) manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the modeling material 200 illustrated in FIG. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the result of a rubber hardness test of three-dimensional molded article 300-3 (after impregnation with a urethane resin) and three-dimensional molded article 300-5 (after immersion in an aqueous medium) before resin impregnation. Specifically, the three-dimensional structure 300-5 (after immersion in the aqueous medium) in FIG. 6 is immersed in the aqueous medium for one to two weeks in the aqueous medium immersion apparatus 170 in FIG. FIG. 6 shows the results obtained using a durometer type A rubber hardness tester.

  From the result of the rubber hardness test shown in FIG. 6, the three-dimensional structure 300-5 (after immersion in the aqueous medium) is immersed in the aqueous medium, so that the three-dimensional structure 300-2 before immersion in the aqueous medium is obtained. (Before the impregnation of the urethane resin) and the three-dimensional model 300-3 (after the impregnation of the urethane resin) were found to be significantly softer. Further, from the results of the rubber hardness test shown in FIG. 6, in each of the three-dimensional molded objects 300-5 (after immersion in the aqueous medium), the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the molding material 200 is 3%. It turned out that it became softer than the three-dimensional structure 300-2 (before the urethane resin impregnation). Also, from the results of the rubber hardness test shown in FIG. 6, the three-dimensional model 300-3 (after the urethane resin impregnation) in which the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the modeling material 200 is 5%, 20%, and 30% is By impregnating with the urethane resin, it was found that each of the three-dimensional objects 300-2 before impregnation with the urethane resin (before the impregnation with the urethane resin) became slightly softer.

  FIG. 7 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, in which the three-dimensional structure 300-5 manufactured by changing the weight ratio (%) of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the forming material 200 shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the possibility of shape retention in storage. In FIG. 7, the three-dimensional structure 300-5 whose shape can be maintained in the underwater storage is indicated by “○”, and the three-dimensional structure 300-5 whose shape cannot be maintained in the underwater storage is indicated by “×”. .

  As shown in FIG. 7, the three-dimensional model 300-5 in which the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to the total weight of the modeling material 200 shown in FIG. While the shape of the object 300-5 can be maintained, the three-dimensional object whose weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to 80% of the total weight of the object 200 shown in FIG. The result was that the shape of the three-dimensional model could not be maintained and collapsed. As described above, in the present embodiment, the urethane resin powder contained in the molding material 200 preferably has a weight ratio of 5% to 60% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200. In this regard, setting the upper limit of the weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to 60% with respect to the total weight of the molding material 200 is based on the result shown in FIG. It can be said that this is appropriate from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape.

  According to the first embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional structure 300 simulating a living body part is formed by a powder lamination method using a molding material in which a urethane resin powder is mixed with a gypsum powder, and the three-dimensional molding is performed. Since the object 300 is impregnated with the urethane resin, as described with reference to FIG. 5, a three-dimensional object formed using a molding material in which the urethane resin powder is not mixed with the gypsum powder (0%) is used. Also, a three-dimensional structure having high strength can be formed. In addition, as described with reference to FIG. 6, by impregnating the urethane resin, it is possible to soften the three-dimensional structure 300 slightly but slightly before impregnation with the urethane resin. Furthermore, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional structure 300 is immersed in the aqueous medium after the impregnation with the urethane resin, and therefore, as described with reference to FIG. A three-dimensional structure can be formed. In addition, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a contrast medium for projecting the form of the three-dimensional structure 300 in the imaging liquid by the MRI imaging apparatus in the forming liquid when the three-dimensional structure 300 is formed. Since the material is included, it is possible to form the three-dimensional structure 300 capable of capturing an image by using an MRI imaging device, which is a kind of medical image imaging device. For example, if the technology of the present embodiment is applied to the medical field, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that reproduces a living body part (for example, an organ) of each patient in a form closer to the real thing. The object can be used for general surgery training or surgery training using an MRI imaging apparatus, and the quality of medical treatment can be improved.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a schematic configuration of an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an apparatus 400 for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the same components as those of the schematic configuration of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment includes an information input device 110, an information processing / control device 120, a three-dimensional structure forming device 130, a first heat treatment device 140, and a urethane. The apparatus includes a resin impregnating device 150, a second heat treatment device 160, a soft resin forming device 410, a third heat treatment device 420, and an aqueous medium immersion device 430.

  8, the information input device 110, the information processing / control device 120, the three-dimensional structure forming device 130, the first heat treatment device 140, the urethane resin impregnating device 150, and the second heat treatment device 160 shown in FIG. Since the configuration is the same as that of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. However, the information processing / control device 120 controls each device (130 to 160, 410 to 430) in the manufacturing device 400 of the three-dimensional structure based on various information input from the information input device 110. Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130 forms a three-dimensional structure 300-1 simulating a living body part. Further, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the MRI is applied to the molding liquid 201 when the three-dimensional structure 300-1 simulating a living body part is formed by the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 130. It is assumed that a contrast material for projecting the form of the three-dimensional object 300 is included in image capturing by the image capturing device. In this case, as in the first embodiment, gadolinium (Gd) corresponding to a positive contrast material and negative contrast material are used as in the first embodiment in order to approximate the T1 value and the T2 value in imaging by an MRI imaging apparatus. A small amount of iron (Fe) corresponding to the material is included in the modeling liquid 201.

  The soft resin forming device 410 is a device that forms a soft resin softer than the three-dimensional structure in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300-4 imitating a living body part under the control of the information processing / control device 120. In the present embodiment, the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300-4 imitating the living body part is, for example, a tumor or adipose tissue existing in the living body part, or the living body part. It is preferable that the material simulates the constituent biological tissue.

Here, the soft resin 500 used in the soft resin forming apparatus 410 will be described.
The soft resin 500 in the present embodiment is formed mainly of a urethane resin obtained by mixing a polyol compound with a polyisocyanate compound or the like. Specifically, the soft resin 500 according to the present embodiment includes a main component of a polyol compound and a curing agent such as a polyisocyanate compound (for example, a curing agent containing polyisocyanate, diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and hexamethylene diisocyanate). And a urethane resin of a two-liquid mixture of the above as a main material. At this time, in the above-mentioned curing agent or the like, the polyisocyanate preferably has a weight ratio of 10% to 20% with respect to the total weight of the curing agent or the like, and diisononyl phthalate is the total amount of the curing agent or the like. The weight ratio to the weight is preferably in the range of 80% to 90%, and the weight ratio of hexamethylene diisocyanate to the total weight of the curing agent or the like is preferably 0.15% or less. Further, in the present embodiment, in addition to the above-described main material, the soft resin 500 is formed of the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300 in imaging (ultrasonic imaging) by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. It is assumed that it is formed to include an ultrasonic scattering material for projection. At this time, in the present embodiment, as the ultrasonic scattering material, it is assumed that urethane resin powder is used.However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, carbon powder or gypsum powder may be used. Is also good. Further, in the present embodiment, the soft resin 500 is formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300 in the image photographing by the MRI photographing apparatus together with the above-described main material and the above-mentioned ultrasonic scattering material. It shall be formed including a contrast material for projecting a soft resin. Further, as the contrast material in this case, similarly to the contrast material contained in the above-described modeling liquid 201, a small amount of gadolinium (Gd) corresponding to the positive contrast material and iron (Fe) corresponding to the negative contrast material is contained. Shall be. Note that, in the present embodiment, the contrast material in the MRI imaging apparatus is contained in both the above-described modeling liquid 201 and the soft resin 500. However, the present invention is not limited to this form, and for example, Also, an embodiment in which a contrast material in an MRI imaging apparatus is included in one of the modeling liquid 201 and the soft resin 500 is also applicable to the present invention. Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the contrast material in the MRI imaging apparatus is contained in both the modeling liquid 201 and the soft resin 500. In this case, the three-dimensional object 300 is captured in the imaging by the MRI imaging apparatus. In order to differentiate and project both the form and the soft resin formed in the hollow area of the three-dimensional structure 300, the concentration of the contrast material contained in the forming liquid 201 and the soft resin 500 is adjusted to obtain an MRI image. Change the way the image is reflected. Furthermore, a pigment may be mixed with the soft resin 500 in the present embodiment so that the soft resin formed on the three-dimensional structure 300 can be given various colors.

  Hereinafter, the weight ratio of the ultrasonic scattering material included in the soft resin 500 will be described. The ultrasonic scattering material contained in the soft resin 500 is a two-liquid mixed urethane contained in the soft resin 500 from the viewpoint of projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300 in ultrasonic imaging. It is preferable that the weight ratio to the total weight of the resin is in the range of 10% to 25%. This is because when the weight ratio of the ultrasonic scattering material to the total weight of the two-liquid mixed urethane resin contained in the soft resin 500 is less than 10% or more than 25%, three-dimensional modeling is performed in the ultrasonic imaging. This is because it is difficult to project the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the object 300.

  The third heat treatment device 420 heat-treats the three-dimensional structure 300-6 on which the soft resin sr is formed in the soft resin forming device 410 at a predetermined temperature according to the control of the information processing / control device 120 (third heat treatment). It is a device to do. In the present embodiment, the third heat treatment apparatus 420 performs heat treatment on the three-dimensional structure 300-6 at a temperature of about 60 ° C. for about 3 hours. In the present embodiment, the soft resin sr in the three-dimensional structure 300-6 is cured by the third heat treatment by the third heat treatment device 420.

  The aqueous medium immersion device 430 is an device for immersing the three-dimensional structure 300-7 heat-treated by the third heat treatment device 420 in an aqueous medium under the control of the information processing / control device 120. Here, the aqueous medium is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the strength and softness of the three-dimensional structure 300, but water, saline, a buffer, an aqueous organic solvent such as glycerin or ethylene glycol, or These mixtures and the like can be mentioned, and a water-soluble substance can be dissolved therein. In one embodiment, an antiseptic / antifungal agent can be added to the aqueous medium described above. The antiseptic / antifungal agent has an antiseptic / fungicidal function for the three-dimensional object 300-7 and the aqueous medium, and does not affect the strength and softness of the three-dimensional object 300. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a fungicide, but in consideration of handling, surgical training, etc., those with low irritation are preferred, and hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite, phenoxyethanol, benzoic acid Sodium acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester or a salt thereof and the like can be mentioned, and each can be used at an appropriate concentration exhibiting a preservative / antifungal function. In the present embodiment, the aqueous medium immersion apparatus 430 preferably immerses the three-dimensional structure 300-7 in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 80 ° C to 95 ° C for about one hour, for example. Then, for example, when performing surgical training or the like, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 performs a process of taking out the three-dimensional structure 300-8 from the aqueous medium immersion device 430.

  Note that the example shown in FIG. 8 illustrates a mode in which three heat treatment apparatuses, that is, a first heat treatment apparatus 140, a second heat treatment apparatus 160, and a third heat treatment apparatus 420 are provided. However, in this embodiment, The present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, one heat treatment apparatus is provided, and in this one heat treatment apparatus, the first heat treatment by the first heat treatment apparatus 140, the second heat treatment by the second heat treatment apparatus 160, and the second heat treatment The mode of performing the third heat treatment by the third heat treatment apparatus 420 is also applicable to the present embodiment. In the case where the three-dimensional structure 300 is naturally dried over a long period of time, for example, at least one of the first heat treatment apparatus 140, the second heat treatment apparatus 160, and the third heat treatment apparatus 420, or a combination thereof. A mode in which all of them are not provided is also applicable to the present embodiment. For example, when the soft resin sr in the three-dimensional structure 300-6 is allowed to react for a long time without providing the third heat treatment apparatus 420, the reaction requires about 24 hours at room temperature.

  Next, a processing procedure of a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure executed by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure executed by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9 will be described below with reference to FIG. In the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, the same processing steps as those in the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same step numbers, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  In the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, first, the processing of steps S1 to S9 of the flowchart in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is performed. Thus, a three-dimensional structure 300-4 simulating a living body part shown in FIG. 8 is obtained. In the present embodiment, in step S1 of FIG. 9, in addition to the three-dimensional printing data related to the formation of the three-dimensional printing object 300-1, the three-dimensional printing data related to the formation of the soft resin sr is also input. And

  Subsequently, in step S21 in FIG. 9, the soft resin forming device 410 in FIG. 8, under the control of the information processing / control device 120, places the three-dimensional structure in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300-4 simulating a living body part. A process for forming a soft resin softer than the object is performed. At this time, in the present embodiment, the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300-4 imitating the living body part is, for example, a tumor or a fat tissue existing in the living body part, or the living body part. It is preferable that the material imitates the living tissue constituting the above. As described above, the soft resin 500 used in the soft resin forming apparatus 410 includes, as a main material, a urethane resin of a two-liquid mixture of a main component of a polyol compound and a curing agent such as a polyisocyanate compound. In addition to the above, an ultrasonic scattering material for projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional modeled object 300 in imaging by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and a three-dimensional modeled object in imaging by the MRI imaging apparatus And a contrast material for projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region 300.

  Subsequently, in step S22 in FIG. 9, the third heat treatment apparatus 420 in FIG. 8 controls the three-dimensional structure 300-in which the soft resin sr is formed in the soft resin forming apparatus 410 according to the control of the information processing / control apparatus 120. 6 is subjected to a heat treatment (third heat treatment) at a predetermined temperature. In the present embodiment, the third heat treatment apparatus 420 performs heat treatment on the three-dimensional structure 300-6 at a temperature of about 60 ° C. for about 3 hours.

  Subsequently, in step S23 in FIG. 9, the aqueous medium immersion device 430 in FIG. 8, under the control of the information processing / control device 120, transfers the three-dimensional object 300-7 heat-treated by the third heat treatment device 420 to the aqueous medium. Immersion treatment. Then, for example, when performing surgical training or the like, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 performs a process of taking out the three-dimensional structure 300-8 from the aqueous medium immersion device 430.

  In the case where the three-dimensional structure 300 is naturally dried over a long period of time, the first heat treatment in step S7 in FIG. 9, the second heat treatment in step S9 in FIG. A mode in which at least one or all of the third heat treatment in step S22 is omitted is also applicable to the present embodiment. For example, when the soft resin sr in the three-dimensional structure 300-6 is allowed to react for a long time without performing the third heat treatment in step S22 in FIG. 9, a reaction for about 24 hours is required at room temperature.

  When the processing in step S23 in FIG. 9 ends, the processing in the flowchart illustrated in FIG. 9 ends. By the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, a three-dimensional structure 300 including gypsum and a urethane resin (further including an antiseptic / antifungal agent) and a soft resin sr formed by the powder lamination method is manufactured. Is done.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure 300 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Here, the manufacturing apparatus 400 for a three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment is for manufacturing the three-dimensional structure 300 that simulates a living body part. The example which manufactures thing 300 is shown.

  Specifically, FIG. 10A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure 300-8 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment, and illustrates a kidney. The ureter, renal vein and renal artery are shown, together with the three-dimensional structure 300-8 shown. FIG. 10A shows a soft resin sr simulating a tumor existing in the kidney in a hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300-8 simulating a kidney.

  FIG. 10B is an image showing a three-dimensional structure 300-4 based on FIG. 10A actually manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment. In the three-dimensional structure 300-4 imitating the kidney shown in FIG. 10B, there is a hollow region indicated by a broken line.

  FIG. 10C shows a three-dimensional structure 300-6 (finally three-dimensional) based on FIG. 10A actually manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment. It is an image showing modeling thing 300-8). The three-dimensional structure 300-6 (finally, the three-dimensional structure 300-8) imitating the kidney shown in FIG. 10C is the same as the three-dimensional structure 300-4 shown in FIG. A soft resin sr simulating a tumor is formed in a hollow region.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the three-dimensional structure 300 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Here, FIG. 11 shows an example of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure 300 simulating a liver as a living body part.

  Specifically, FIG. 11A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure 300-8 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment, and illustrates a liver. The inferior vena cava and portal vein are shown with the three-dimensional structure 300-8 shown. FIG. 11A shows a soft resin sr simulating a living tissue constituting the liver in a hollow region of a three-dimensional structure 300-8 simulating a liver. In addition, FIG. 11A shows a part of the three-dimensional structure 300-8 which constitutes a part of the three-dimensional structure 300-8 and includes the soft resin sr and a part of the three-dimensional structure 300-8. A partially shaped object 1102 which is a constituent and is embedded in the soft resin sr is shown. Here, the partially formed object 1102 shown in FIG. 11A shows an example in which a blood vessel existing inside the liver is simulated. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this. An object that imitates a blood vessel present inside can also be applied as the partially formed object 1102.

FIG. 11B is an image showing a three-dimensional structure 300-8 based on FIG. 11A actually manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment.
In the example shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, the soft resin sr is formed by enclosing the partial molded object 1102 that is a part of the three-dimensional molded object 300-8.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of the three-dimensional structure 300 manufactured by the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 12 shows an example in which a three-dimensional structure 300-8 simulating the brain is formed as the three-dimensional structure 300.

  More specifically, in FIG. 12, a first soft resin sr-1 simulating a living tissue constituting the brain is present in a hollow region of a three-dimensional structure 300-8 simulating the brain, and is present in the brain. A second soft resin sr-2 simulating a tumor is shown. Here, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the first soft resin sr-1 and the second soft resin sr-2 are soft resins having different softness. In this case, the soft resin forming device 410 is a plurality of soft resins having different softness, for example, by changing the mixing ratio of urethane resin included as a main material in the soft resin 500 according to the control of the information processing / control device 120. A first soft resin sr-1 and a second soft resin sr-2 are formed. In the present embodiment, the first soft resin sr-1 and the second soft resin sr-2 are soft resins having different softness, but the present invention is not limited to this mode. The present invention is not limited to this, and a form formed as a soft resin having the same softness is also applicable to the present invention.

  FIG. 12 also shows a partial modeled object 1201 that constitutes a part of the three-dimensional modeled object 300-8 and includes the first soft resin sr-1 and the second soft resin sr-2, Partially formed object that constitutes a part of the three-dimensional object 300-8 and is embedded in the first soft resin sr-1 (and in some cases, further embedded in the second soft resin sr-2) 1202 is shown. Here, an example of a partially formed object 1202 shown in FIG. 12 simulates a blood vessel existing inside the brain. Then, in the example shown in FIG. 12, the first soft resin sr-1 is formed so as to embed a partial molded object 1202 which is a part of the three-dimensional molded object 300-8.

  According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the soft resin sr that is softer than the three-dimensional structure is formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300, so that in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, Thus, the three-dimensional structure 300 having portions having different softness can be formed. Further, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the soft resin formed in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure 300 is projected on the soft resin in the image photographing (ultrasonic photographing) by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. And an ultrasound scattering material for projecting the form of the three-dimensional object 300 in imaging by an MRI imaging apparatus, so that the ultrasound diagnosis is a kind of medical imaging apparatus. It is also possible to form a three-dimensional structure 300 capable of capturing an image by an apparatus or an MRI imaging apparatus. For example, if the technology of the present embodiment is applied to the medical field, individual tumors or adipose tissue existing in a living body part (for example, an organ) or a living tissue constituting the living body part can be reproduced by the soft resin sr, thereby obtaining individual tissues. Since it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that reproduces a living body part of a patient in a more realistic form, for example, the three-dimensional structure can be used for general surgical training or surgical training using an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus or an MRI imaging apparatus. Etc., and the quality of medical treatment can be improved.

(Other embodiments)
In the embodiment of the present invention described above, an example is described in which a kidney, a liver, and a brain are used as a living body part to be imitated by the three-dimensional structure 300, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention includes a form in which other organs (organs) such as pancreas and lung, and animal tissues such as epithelial tissue and muscle tissue are applied as a living body part.

  It should be noted that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of specific embodiments for carrying out the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner. It is. That is, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the technical idea or the main features.

Reference Signs List 100 100 three-dimensional object manufacturing device, 110 information input device, 120 information processing / control device, 130 three-dimensional object forming device, 140 first heat treatment device, 150 urethane resin paint impregnation device, 160 second heat treatment device, 170 aqueous solution immersion apparatus, 200 modeling powder, 300-1 to 300-5 three-dimensional model

Claims (27)

A step of forming a three-dimensional structure simulating a living body part by a powder lamination method using a molding material obtained by mixing a urethane resin powder with a gypsum powder;
A step of impregnating the three-dimensional structure with a urethane resin ;
After the step of impregnating the urethane resin is completed, a plurality of soft resins having softness different from the softness of the three-dimensional structure, which are softer than the three-dimensional structure, are mainly used in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure. Forming,
A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, comprising: The three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step of forming the plurality of soft resins, the plurality of soft resins having different softnesses are formed by changing a compounding ratio of the urethane resin. Manufacturing method. After forming the plurality of soft resin is completed, the production method of three-dimensional molded article according to claim 1 or 2, said 3-dimensional shaped object, characterized by further comprising a step of immersing in an aqueous medium . The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 3 , wherein an antiseptic / antifungal agent is dissolved in the aqueous medium. The soft resin is a tumor or adipose tissue present in the body part, or, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the biological tissue constituting the body part is obtained by imitating A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure. The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the soft resin is formed by enclosing a partial structure that is a part of the three-dimensional structure. . The soft resin, in addition to the main material, characterized in that it is formed including a contrast material for projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region in imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . The soft resin, in addition to the main material, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed comprises a ultrasound scattering material for out movies the soft resin is formed in the hollow region in the ultrasound imaging The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . In the step of forming the three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional structure is formed by discharging and solidifying a forming liquid having an adhesive function to the forming material for each layer by the powder lamination method. Things,
Wherein the shaped solution, any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it contains the contrast material for out movies the form of the three-dimensional shaped object in imaging using a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging Item 3. The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to item 1. The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein a weight ratio of the urethane resin powder to a total weight of the modeling material is 5% to 60%. A three-dimensional object forming means for forming a three-dimensional object simulating a living body part by a powder lamination method using a molding material obtained by mixing a urethane resin powder with a gypsum powder;
Urethane resin impregnating means for impregnating the three-dimensional structure with a urethane resin ,
After completion of the impregnation of the urethane resin by the urethane resin impregnating means, a plurality of soft resins having softness different from those of the three-dimensional structure and having urethane resin as a main material in the hollow region of the three-dimensional structure. Soft resin forming means for forming a soft resin,
An apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, comprising: The apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 11, wherein the soft resin forming means forms the plurality of soft resins having different softness by changing a mixing ratio of the urethane resin. After formation of the plurality of soft resin by the soft resin forming means has ended, the three-dimensional molded article according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising an aqueous medium immersion means for immersion in an aqueous medium Equipment for manufacturing three-dimensional objects. 14. The apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 13 , wherein an antiseptic / antifungal agent is dissolved in the aqueous medium. The said soft resin is the thing which imitated the tumor or fat tissue which exists in the said biological part, or the biological tissue which comprises the said biological part, The Claims any one of Claims 11-14 characterized by the above-mentioned. Equipment for manufacturing three-dimensional objects. The manufacturing of the three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the soft resin is formed by enclosing a partial structure that is a part of the three-dimensional structure. apparatus. The soft resin, in addition to the main material, characterized in that it is formed including a contrast material for projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region in imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 11 to 16 . The soft resin, in addition to the main material, according to claim 11, characterized in that it is formed comprises a ultrasound scattering material for out movies the soft resin is formed in the hollow region in the ultrasound imaging 18. The apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 17 to 17 . The three-dimensional structure forming means forms the three-dimensional structure by discharging and solidifying a forming liquid having an adhesive function to the forming material for each layer by the powder lamination method. Yes,
The imaging liquid according to any one of claims 11 to 18 , wherein the shaping liquid contains a contrast material for projecting the form of the three-dimensional object in imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Item 3. The apparatus for producing a three-dimensional structure according to item 1. The urethane resin powder production apparatus of the three-dimensional molded article according to any one of claims 11 to 19 weight ratio with respect to the total weight, characterized in that 5% to 60% of the building material. And a three-dimensional shaped article with a gypsum and a urethane resin including a layer are stacked becomes the body part is formed in imitation,
A plurality of soft resins having softness different from each other in a soft region softer than the three-dimensional structure and having a urethane resin as a main material in a hollow region of the three-dimensional structure;
3-dimensionally shaped object, characterized in that it comprises a. 22. The three-dimensional structure according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of soft resins are changed into a plurality of soft resins having different softness by changing a mixing ratio of the urethane resin. 23. The three-dimensional structure according to claim 21 , wherein the soft resin is a material imitating a tumor or a fat tissue existing in the living body part, or a living tissue constituting the living body part. The soft resin is Tei Rukoto formed by occluded portions shaped object that is part of a three-dimensional shaped object with the gypsum and a urethane resin including a layer is laminated becomes a biological part is formed to imitate The three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 21 to 23 , characterized in that: The soft resin, in addition to the main material, characterized in that it is formed including a contrast material for projecting the soft resin formed in the hollow region in imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 21 to 24 . The soft resin, in addition to the main material, according to claim 21, characterized in that it is formed comprises a ultrasound scattering material for out movies the soft resin is formed in the hollow region in the ultrasound imaging 26. The three-dimensional structure according to any one of items 25 to 25 . 3-dimensionally shaped object that the gypsum and a urethane resin including a layer are stacked becomes the body part is formed to imitate the Utsude the form of the three-dimensional shaped object in imaging using a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging The three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 21 to 26 , wherein the three-dimensional structure is formed to include a contrast material for causing the object to be formed.