JP6653442B2 - Agricultural house - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural house provided with a light-transmitting covering.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed a technique for keeping an internal space warm in an agricultural house provided with a light-transmitting covering. For example, there has been proposed a configuration in which a curtain is stretched in the vicinity of a ceiling of a greenhouse, a gas is sent into the curtain, and heat is distributed from the gas into the greenhouse (for example, see Patent Document 1). Patent Literature 1 describes that a side curtain is provided on a side surface of a greenhouse, and an auxiliary curtain is provided on a rear side of the greenhouse.

  Further, a configuration has been proposed in which air is supplied and exhausted from an air layer forming film configured as a curtain in a vinyl house (for example, see Patent Document 2). Patent Literature 2 discloses a technique in which air is supplied when a bag-structured air layer forming film is developed from a winding shaft, and exhausted when the film is wound around the winding shaft.

Utility Model Registration No. 3165392 JP 2011-229498 A

  In the greenhouse described in Patent Literature 1 or the vinyl house described in Patent Literature 2, the internal space is kept warm by an air layer. However, the greenhouse of Patent Literature 1 and the vinyl house of Patent Literature 2 only keep heat, and do not consider actively using solar heat.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural house with high heat retention that positively utilizes solar heat.

The agricultural house according to the present invention includes an outer shell, a heat retaining member, and a driving member. The outer shell supports the light transmissive coating by the frame. The heat retaining member is arranged in the inner space of the outer shell, and can select a first state arranged at a specific location or a second state extended along a straight line from the specific location. The driving member drives the heat retaining member such that the heat retaining member is deformed between the first state and the second state. Further, the heat retaining member has a heat storage property that allows the heat absorbed by the heat retaining member before sunset to be released from the heat retaining member at night . The driving member drives the heat retaining member such that the heat retaining member selects the first state during a predetermined time period in the evening. The specific place is a region which is deviated to the west , including a range from southwest to northwest, where sunlight enters the center of the outer shell at a predetermined time in the evening .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the structure of this invention, there exists an advantage that it becomes possible to utilize solar heat positively and to improve heat retention.

It is a perspective view showing the whole structure of the agricultural house concerning an embodiment. FIG. 2A is a front view showing a daytime state of the agricultural house according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a front view showing a nighttime state of the agricultural house according to the embodiment. It is a sectional view showing the example of composition of the heat retention member used for the agricultural house concerning an embodiment. It is a top view showing other examples of composition of the agricultural house concerning an embodiment. FIG. 5A is a side view showing a daytime state of another example of the heat retaining member used for the agricultural house according to the embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a night view showing another example of the heat retaining member used for the agricultural house according to the embodiment. It is a side view which shows the state of.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an agricultural house 20 described below includes an outer shell 21 including a frame 211 as a structural material and a covering 212 supported by the frame 211.

  The frame 211 is formed of a metal pipe or rod (wire) having a diameter of 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. As the metal forming the frame 211, aluminum or iron whose surface is rustproofed is used. In addition, the frame 211 is formed in an inverted U-shape integrally including two support portions 2111 arranged side by side and a connecting portion 2112 connecting one end of each of the two support portions 2111. The connecting portion 2112 has an example in which the connecting portion 2112 is formed in a smooth arc shape. However, the connecting portion 2112 may be formed in an inverted V shape in which one ends of two straight lines are connected.

  The cover 212 may be glass, but in this configuration example, a synthetic resin film having a light-transmitting property (preferably transparent) is used. The thickness of the synthetic resin film used for the cover 212 is generally 0.1 [mm] or more and 3 [mm] or less, but may deviate from this range. Further, the synthetic resin film used for the covering body 212 is selected from polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, fluororesin, and the like.

  The plurality of frames 211 are arranged in a direction intersecting the plane that each surrounds, and the covering body 212 is laid on the plurality of frames 211 in a state where the plurality of frames 211 are arranged. The outer shell 21 of the agricultural house 20 is covered by a covering 212 over a virtual three-dimensional object formed by arranging a plurality of frames 211.

  The agricultural house 20 includes a roof 200 having a semicircular cross section, two side walls 201 and 202 that support the roof 200 and face each other, and a pair of 2 walls that are orthogonal to the two side walls 201 and 202 and face each other. The two wall portions 203 are integrally provided. Therefore, the agricultural house 20 is formed in an inverted U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to the direction connecting the two end walls 203, 203. The dimension in the direction connecting the two end walls 203, 203 is designed to be sufficiently larger than the direction connecting the two side walls 201, 202. Hereinafter, the direction connecting the two end walls 203, 203 is referred to as a longitudinal direction, and the direction connecting the two side walls 201, 202 is referred to as a lateral direction. The longitudinal direction of the ridge 31 is along the longitudinal direction of the agricultural house 20, and a plurality of ridges 31 are formed in the short direction of the agricultural house 20.

  The plants 30 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B) grown in the above-described agricultural house 20 can be selected from leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables, beans, fruits, flowers and the like. The leaf vegetables are typically spinach, komatsuna, lettuce, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and the like. Fruits and vegetables are typically represented by tomato, cucumber, eggplant and the like.

  In the configuration example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A is disposed in the outer shell 21 of the agricultural house 20. As shown in FIG. 2A, the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A can select between a first state in which the heat retaining member is gathered at a specific location in the outer shell 21 and a second state in which the heat retaining member is spread from the specific location as shown in FIG. The heat retaining member 10A functions to adjust the ambient temperature of the plant 30 by deforming between the first state and the second state. That is, the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A stores heat from sunlight in the first state, and surrounds a part of the space inside the outer shell 21 where the plants 30 are grown in the second state. In the second state, the heat retaining member 10A suppresses heat radiation from the space where the plant 30 is grown, and in some cases, performs heat radiation to the space where the plant 30 is grown.

  The heat retaining member 10A of the configuration example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B has heat storage properties, and adjusts the ambient temperature of the plant 30 by adjusting the absorption and release of heat by the heat retaining member 10A. When storing heat in the heat retaining member 10A, the first state in which the heat retaining members 10A are put together is selected, and when radiating heat from the heat retaining member 10A, the second state in which the heat retaining member 10 is spread is selected. As described above, by performing the heat storage and the heat release to the heat retaining member 10A at appropriate timing, the ambient temperature of the plant 30 can be adjusted.

  The heat retaining member 10A also has a function of suppressing heat radiation from the inside of the outer shell 21 to the outside. For example, the second state in which the heat retaining member 10A is expanded is selected during a period in which the amount of heat moving from the inside of the outer shell 21 to the outside increases during the day, such as during the nighttime in winter, and the heat retaining member 10A and the outside are selected. When an air layer is formed between the shell 21 and the shell 21, heat transfer around the plant 30 is reduced. Note that, depending on the material and position used for the heat retaining member 10A, it is also possible to use the heat retaining member 10A to suppress solar radiation to the plant 30 when the second state is selected.

  In the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the heat retaining member 10A has a sheet shape, and one end of the heat retaining member 10A is coupled to a roll 11 constituting a driving member. The place where the roll 11 is arranged in the inner space of the outer shell 21 is the upper part of the outer shell 21 and the center of the agricultural house 20 in the short side direction. They are arranged deviated in the direction in which light is incident. That is, the roll 11 is arranged along the one side wall 201 at the upper part of the outer shell 21. In other words, the roll 11 is arranged at a position west of the center of the agricultural house 20 in the lateral direction. In the configuration example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the roll 11 is disposed near the upper end of the column 2111 (see FIG. 1) in the frame 211.

  The evening time zone means a time zone of about one to two hours before the time of sunset. In the late fall to early spring season when the temperature outside the outer shell 21 is low, it is desirable that the evening time zone be long. In the early summer or early fall season when the temperature outside the outer shell 21 is relatively high, the evening time zone may be short. In addition, in the midsummer season when the temperature outside the outer shell 21 is too high for growing the plant 30, the heat retaining member 10A may not be used.

  The west side of the center of the agricultural house 20 in the lateral direction is not exactly west, but includes the range from southwest to northwest because it is a direction in which sunlight is received in the evening hours. In a region belonging to the northern hemisphere on the earth, even if the roll 11 is arranged on the south side of the agricultural house 20, the roll 11 can receive sunlight in the evening time zone. Further, the roll 11 may be arranged on the north side of the agricultural house 20 in an area belonging to the southern hemisphere on the earth. The south side with respect to the short-side center of the agricultural house 20 includes a range from southwest to south, and the north side with respect to the short-side center of the agricultural house 20 includes a range from northwest to north. In short, with respect to the center of the agricultural house 20 in the lateral direction, the portion where the roll 11 is arranged is desirably in a range from south to northwest in the northern hemisphere and in a range from north to southwest in the southern hemisphere.

  If the arrangement of the roll 11 in the outer shell 21 is proper, the heat retaining member 10A receives sunlight until sunset in the first state in which the heat retaining member 10A is wound around the roll 11. Therefore, the heat retaining member 10A can store heat until a time close to the sunset time.

  In addition, depending on the situation where the agricultural house 20 is installed, the roll 11 may be arranged along the wife wall 203. In this case, desirably, a plurality of rolls 11 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the agricultural house 20. When the roll 11 is arranged along the wife wall portion 203, the intensity of sunlight received by the roll 11 in the evening time zone hardly depends on the position of the roll 11 in the longitudinal direction of the agricultural house 20. When a plurality of rolls 11 are provided, the load acting on one roll 11 can be reduced as compared with the case where the heat retaining member 10A is wound around one roll 11.

  Since the heat retaining member 10A has a sheet shape and one end of the heat retaining member 10A is connected to the roll 11, the heat retaining member 10A can be assembled by winding the heat retaining member 10A around the roll 11. That is, the place where the roll 11 is disposed is a specific place in the outer shell 21, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A is in the first state wound around the roll 11 inside the outer shell 21. It is put together in a specific place. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, the heat retaining member 10A can be extended by unwinding the heat retaining member 10A from the roll 11 from the state where the heat retaining member 10A is wound around the roll 11.

  In the second state, the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A is arranged to extend along the roof 200 of the agricultural house 20 and the side wall 202 facing the side wall 201 near the roll 11. Therefore, as a driving member, in addition to the roll 11, a roll 12 disposed below a portion close to the side wall 202, a plurality of guides 14 disposed above the ridge 31, and disposed above the roll 12. Roll 15. When the heat retaining member 10A is unreeled from the second state in which the heat retaining member 10A is wound around the roll 11, the driving member includes a string-shaped member 16 in order to apply a tensile force to the heat retaining member 10A.

  The string-shaped member 16 has one end connected to the heat retaining member 10A and the other end connected to the roll 12. The string-shaped member 16 is selected from a rope woven from synthetic resin fibers, a wire bundled with metal wires, and the like. In the first state in which the heat retaining member 10A is wound on the roll 11, when the string member 16 is wound on the roll 12, the tension of the string member 16 acts on the heat retaining member 10A, and the heat retaining member 10A It is paid out. On the other hand, in the second state in which the heat retaining member 10A is unreeled from the roll 11, the string-like member 16 is wound around the roll 12, and when the heat retaining member 10A is wound around the roll 11 from this state, the string-like member 16 Is fed from the roll 12.

  The plurality of guides 14 are rod-shaped or pipe-shaped members, and are arranged at predetermined intervals in the short direction of the agricultural house 20. The guide 14 places the string-shaped member 16 when the heat retaining member 10A is in the first state, as shown in FIG. 2A, and places the heat retaining member 10A when the heat retaining member 10A is in the second state, as shown in FIG. 2B. . Then, when shifting the heat retaining member 10A from the first state to the second state, the guide 14 guides the string-shaped member 16 and guides the heat retaining member 10A onto the guide 14. In the second state, the downward load of the heat retaining member 10 </ b> A is supported by the guide 14.

  As described above, the roll 12 for winding the cord-like member 16 is disposed near the lower portion of the side wall 202 in the inner space of the outer shell 21. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the heat retaining member 10A is arranged along the roof 200 and one side wall 202 in the second state. Therefore, the roll 15 for direction change is arranged above the roll 12. The roll 12 is arranged at the same height as the guide 14.

  With the configuration described above, the heat retaining member 10A is disposed between the plant 30 grown in the agricultural house 20, the roof 200, and one side wall 202 in the second state. At this time, the entirety of the cord-like member 16 is wound around the roll 12. Further, the entire heat retaining member 10A is wound around the roll 11 in the first state.

  In order to realize the above-described operation, it is desirable that the roll 12 be freely rotated when the roll 11 winds the heat retaining member 10A, and that the roll 11 be freely rotated when the roll 12 winds the cord-shaped member 16. . However, a configuration in which the roll 11 and the roll 12 are linked may be adopted. When the rolls 11 and 12 are individually rotated, a mechanism for manually rotating the rolls 11 and 12 individually or a driving source such as a motor for individually rotating the rolls 11 and 12 is required.

  When the rolls 11 and 12 are linked, the driving member is configured to transmit a rotational force between the rolls 11 and 12. As this type of configuration, two gears respectively connected to the roll 11 and the roll 12 and a chain that transmits a rotational force between the two gears are used. Further, as this kind of configuration, a belt that transmits a rotational force between the roll 11 and the roll 12 may be used. When the roll 11 and the roll 12 are linked by using a chain or a belt, it is desirable to provide a configuration for changing the moving direction, similarly to the roll 15 for changing the moving direction of the heat retaining member 10A and the string-shaped member 16. . When the roll 11 and the roll 12 are rotated by separate drive sources, a configuration in which the operations of the two drive sources are synchronized may be adopted.

  Meanwhile, the agricultural house 20 of the configuration example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B includes a heat retaining member 10B arranged along the side wall 201 separately from the heat retaining member 10A. One end of the heat retaining member 10B is connected to a roll 13 disposed above the roll 11. The heat retaining member 10B can select between a first state wound around the roll 13 as shown in FIG. 2A and a second state drawn out from the roll 13 as shown in FIG. 2B. If both the heat retaining member 10B and the heat retaining member 10B are in the second state, the heat retaining member 10A is disposed along the side wall 201, and the heat retaining member 10B is disposed along the side wall 202. That is, the heat insulating member 10A and the heat insulating member 10B cover almost the entire inside of the outer shell 21 excluding the end wall portion 203.

  It is desirable that the first state and the second state are selected in conjunction with the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B. However, the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B can be operated independently. In addition, in the example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, since the roll 13 is disposed above the roll 11, when the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B are in the second state, the heat retaining member 10B is attached to the heat retaining member 10A. Overlap, the gap between the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B narrows. However, the roll 13 may be arranged below the roll 11.

  Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B, it is referred to as the heat retaining member 10. It should be noted that the heat retaining member 10C and the heat retaining member 10D described below are also referred to as the heat retaining member 10 unless it is necessary to distinguish them from the heat retaining members 10A and 10B.

  The heat retaining member 10 is desirably formed of at least two layers of a composite material. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat retaining member 10 includes an outer layer 101 having a heat storage property at a portion which is located on one surface side in a thickness direction in a spread state. In addition, the heat retaining member 10 includes the inner layer 102 having a hygroscopic property at a portion on the other surface side in the thickness direction in the spread state. In the configuration example described here, it is assumed that the outer layer 101 and the inner layer 102 are formed over the entire area of the heat retaining member 10.

  In the heat retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the outer layer 101 and the inner layer 102 are directly joined by an adhesive, but are joined by heat or ultrasonic energy instead of the adhesive. Is also good. Further, another layer may be interposed between the outer layer 101 and the inner layer 102. Further, the outer layer 101 and the inner layer 102 may be provided only in a part of the heat retaining member 10.

  For the outer layer 101, it is possible to select the same material as that of the cover 212 forming the outer shell 21. For example, it is possible to select from polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, fluorine resin and the like. When the outer layer 101 is made of the same material as the coating 212, the thickness of the outer layer 101 is preferably larger than the thickness of the coating 212. This is because the larger the thickness, the larger the amount of heat that can be stored. Further, the outer layer 101 may have a structure in which an air layer or a layer having a relatively large specific heat is formed inside. In the above configuration example, a sheet-like synthetic resin is used as the material of the outer layer 101, but the material of the outer layer 101 is a rubber-like material having no elasticity, a resin containing carbon, and a heat storage filler. May be selected from a resin containing a, airgel, and the like. The outer layer 101 is desirably colored black so as to easily absorb solar heat.

  On the other hand, the inner layer 102 is selected from, for example, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, paper, a sheet having fine irregularities formed on the surface, aerogel, and the like. In short, the inner layer 102 has a structure in which water molecules are retained in fine voids or a structure in which water molecules are adsorbed on fine irregularities, and may be provided with hygroscopicity. The thickness of the inner layer 102 is desirably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less, but may deviate from this range.

  An operation example of the above-described agricultural house 20 will be described below. The driving member may employ a configuration in which the rolls 11, 12, and 13 are manually rotated, but employ a configuration in which the rolls 11, 12, and 13 are rotated by a driving source such as a motor. It is desirable. The heat retaining member 10 is operated as follows in consideration of a time zone in which solar radiation is obtained and a time zone in which solar radiation is not obtained. When the driving member includes a driving source, the control device controls the driving source according to the time schedule for the rolls 11, 12, and 13 so that the following operation can be performed. In addition, when information such as the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and humidity can be obtained in addition to the time zone, it is desirable to control the roll 11, the roll 12, and the roll 13 using this type of information.

  During the day when solar radiation is obtained, as shown in FIG. 2A, the first state in which the heat retaining member 10 is wound around the rolls 11 and 13 is selected. In the first state, if there is insolation, the heat retaining member 10 receives sunlight, so that heat is stored in the heat retaining member 10. In particular, since the rolls 11 and 13 are disposed in a portion of the inner space of the outer shell 21 that receives sunlight in the evening time, if there is solar radiation in the evening time, the amount of heat radiated from the heat retaining member 10 is reduced. As a result, the ratio of the amount of heat supplied to the heat retaining member 10 increases. As a result, a relatively large amount of heat can be stored in the heat retaining member 10 in the evening time zone.

  During the night after sunset, sunlight does not enter the inner space of the outer shell 21, so that the ambient temperature of the plant 30 due to the sunlight cannot be increased. When it is necessary to increase the ambient temperature of the plant 30 in the night after sunset, as shown in FIG. 2B, the second state in which the heat retaining member 10 is extended by being rolled out from the rolls 11 and 13 is selected. Whether or not it is necessary to increase the ambient temperature of the plant 30 is determined by various conditions such as the temperature inside the outer shell 21, the temperature outside the outer shell 21, and the temperature suitable for the plant 30 to be grown.

  When the second state in which the heat retaining member 10 is spread is selected, the upper part of the plant 30 is covered with the heat retaining member 10, so that the amount of heat passing through the covering 212 is reduced, and the amount of heat flowing out of the outer shell 21 to the outside is reduced. It becomes possible. That is, the spread of the heat retaining member 10 suppresses a decrease in the ambient temperature of the plant 30. In addition, since the heat retaining member 10 stores heat, a decrease in the temperature of the heat retaining member 10 is suppressed, and heat is supplied to the periphery of the plant 30 by radiation or convection, so that a decrease in the ambient temperature of the plant 30 is suppressed. Is done.

  That is, the heat retaining member 10 prevents the heat around the plant 30 from being carried to the vicinity of the outer shell 21 due to convection or the like, thereby suppressing the outflow of heat from the outer shell 21 and releasing the heat stored during the day. Thus, a decrease in the ambient temperature of the plant 30 at night is suppressed. Here, when the inner layer 102 of the heat retaining member 10 does not have a hygroscopic property, moisture generated by the respiration of the plant 30 or the like may condense on the surface of the heat retaining member 10. In the configuration example described above, the possibility of dew condensation is suppressed. Therefore, during the night when the humidity is relatively high, the possibility that the condensed water droplets fall on the plant 30 is reduced, and the risk of the plant 30 becoming ill or ill due to the adhesion of the water droplets is reduced. When growing a plant 30 suitable for a dry environment, dehumidification may be performed by giving the inner layer 102 high hygroscopicity.

  In the morning time zone when the temperature outside the outer shell 21 rises, the heat retaining member 10 is wound around the rolls 11 and 13. When the whole of the heat retaining member 10 is wound around the rolls 11 and 13 at a predetermined time in the morning time zone and the first state is selected, the plant 30 is no longer covered with the heat retaining member 10 and returns to the above-described daytime state. I do.

  In the morning time zone, the heat retaining member 10 may be wound around the rolls 11 and 13 little by little as time passes in accordance with the altitude of the sun. That is, during the time when the altitude of the sun is low, the illuminance of sunlight to the plant 30 is low, and the rise in the ambient temperature of the plant 30 is gentle, so that the heat outflow from the outer shell 21 is suppressed by the heat retaining member 10. Alternatively, the surrounding temperature of the plant 30 may be increased by irradiating sunlight around the plant 30. In order to realize this operation, it is desirable to gradually increase the winding amount of the heat retaining member 10 around the rolls 11 and 13 with the passage of time in the morning time zone. When the heat retaining member 10 is gradually wound around the rolls 11 and 13 as described above, it is easy to shift the heat retaining member 10 to the first state in which the temperature around the plant 30 is reduced while suppressing the decrease in the ambient temperature.

  By the way, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, when the heat retaining members 10A and 10B respectively corresponding to the side wall 201 and the side wall 202 are arranged, as shown in FIG. It is desirable to arrange two heat retaining members 10C and 10C so as to correspond to each of 203 and 203. Each of the two heat retaining members 10C, 10C is connected to a roll arranged along the two end walls 203, 203.

  The agricultural house 20 shown in FIG. 4 includes a heat insulating member 10A corresponding to the roof 200 and one side wall 202, a heat insulating member 10B corresponding to the other side wall 201, and two end walls 203, 203, respectively. And two heat retaining members 10C and 10C corresponding to the above. Therefore, when all the heat retaining members 10 are spread, the entire periphery of the plant 30 is surrounded by the heat retaining members 10. That is, as compared with the configurations in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the amount of heat flowing out through the outer shell 21 can be further reduced, and the amount of heat that can be stored can be increased. It is desirable that the selection of the first state and the second state be linked in the two heat retaining members 10C, but the selection of the first state and the second state may be independent. The operation of the two heat retaining members 10C is desirably linked with the heat retaining members 10A and 10B, but may be independent.

  In the above-described configuration example, the heat retaining member 10A corresponds to the roof portion 200 and one side wall portion 202, but two heat retaining members corresponding to the roof portion 200 and the side wall portion 202, respectively, may be arranged. is there. In addition, the heat retaining member 10 whose lower end portion moves only in the vertical direction (in the above-described configuration example, the heat retaining member 10B, the heat retaining member 10C, and the like) may include a weight having a relatively large mass at the lower end portion. The weight is desirably made of metal, but may be wooden formed in a rod shape, or a folded portion may be provided at the lower end of the heat retaining member 10A, and the folded portion may be replaced with a weight.

  2A and 2B, the heat retaining member 10A is connected to the roll 11 and the heat retaining member 10B is connected to the roll 13. However, the heat retaining member 10A and the heat retaining member 10B are connected to one roll 11. It is also possible to combine. Further, in the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B and the configuration example shown in FIG. 4, the heat retaining member 10 is exposed to the internal space of the outer shell 21, but when the heat retaining member 10 is in the first state. A case for housing the heat retaining member 10 may be provided. In this case, it is preferable that the case has a structure that easily absorbs sunlight and easily transmits heat to the heat retaining member 10.

  In the agricultural house 20 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the heat retaining member 10A is connected to the roll 11, and the heat retaining member 10B is connected to the roll 13. Further, in the agricultural house 20 shown in FIG. 4, a heat retaining member 10C added to the configuration shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is connected to a roll. That is, all the heat retaining members 10 are wound in the first state. However, the heat retaining member 10 may have another configuration.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, at least one of the four heat retaining members 10 may have a bellows shape in which mountain breaks and valley breaks are alternately repeated. The heat retaining member 10D shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B has a first state in which one end is fixed to a fixed position with respect to the outer shell 21 and an external force acting on the other end. Select

  The configuration in which an external force is applied to the other end of the heat retaining member 10D shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B may employ the string-shaped member 16 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B), similarly to the configuration example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. I just need. However, it is necessary to apply an external force from the string-shaped member 16 not only when the heat retaining member 10D is extended but also when the heat retaining member 10D is folded. When the heat retaining member 10D is manually operated, the first state and the second state can be selected without providing the string-shaped member 16.

  In the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, at least two guide rails 17 are provided on the outer shell 21 to support the heat retaining member 10D in the second state. The guide rail 17 is extended along the direction in which the heat retaining member 10D extends. For example, when the heat retaining member 10D extends in the short direction of the agricultural house 20 in the second state, like the heat retaining member 10A shown in FIG. 2, the guide rail 17 extends along the short direction of the agricultural house 20. Placed. In addition, a plurality of runners 18 that run while being guided by the guide rails 17 are provided at the site of the ridge break or the valley break of the heat retaining member 10D. During the day, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first state in which the plurality of runners 18 are gathered at one place and the heat retaining member 10D is folded is selected, and at night, the heat retaining member 10D extends as shown in FIG. 5B. The second state is selected.

  In the configuration example shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the guide rail 17 is assumed to have a C-shaped cross section in which the side surface along the vertical direction is open, but supports a downward load acting on the runner 18. With the configuration, the shape of the guide rail 17 is not particularly limited. The shape of the runner 18 is not particularly limited as long as it can travel along the guide rail 17. For example, in a case where three or more guide rails 17 are provided, a part that runs on the guide rail 17 in the runner 18 and a part that is coupled to the heat retaining member 10D in the runner 18 so that the heat retaining member 10D does not interfere with the guide rail 17. Are designed to be separated from each other.

  When the bellows-like heat retaining member 10D extends in the vertical direction, the guide rail 17 may be omitted. For example, a ring for passing the cord-like member may be provided at the site of the ridge or valley of the heat retaining member 10D. In this configuration, the heat retaining member 10D can be folded when a tension is applied to pull up the heat retaining member 10D on the string-shaped member having one end coupled to the lower end of the heat retaining member 10D. Further, when the tension acting on the string-like member is relaxed, the heat retaining member 10D can be extended.

  Further, the heat retaining member may have a structure similar to that of a Venetian blind that enables selection between a state in which a plurality of slats are stacked and a state in which a plurality of slats are arranged. When a heat retaining member having such a structure is used, a string-like member connected to a blade plate is used as a driving member, similarly to the Venetian blind. A state in which a plurality of blades are stacked corresponds to a first state, and a state in which a plurality of blades are arranged corresponds to a second state.

  Hereinafter, the overall configuration of the agricultural house 20 will be briefly described. The agricultural house 20 includes a curtain 23 and a window 24. The curtain 23 is movable between a first position at which external light incident on the interior is dimmed and a second position at which external light incident on the interior is not dimmed. In addition, the window 24 is movable between an open position where air is ventilated between the inside and the outside, and a closed position where air is not ventilated between the inside and the outside.

  Further, the agricultural house 20 includes, as the curtains 23, a roof curtain 230 arranged along the roof 200 and two side curtains 231 arranged along each of the two side walls 201. The roof curtain 230 adjusts the amount of external light incident from the roof 200 by moving between the first position and the second position. The side curtain 231 adjusts the amount of external light incident from each of the two side wall portions 201 by moving between the first position and the second position. The roof curtain 230 and the side curtain 231 are independently driven by a driving device. The driving device includes a power source such as a motor, and includes driving mechanisms respectively corresponding to the roof curtain 230 and the side curtain 231.

  The windows 24 are provided on each of the side wall portions 201. The opening of the window 24 is adjusted so that the ventilation resistance of air when ventilating between the inside and the outside of the agricultural house 20 is adjusted. It is desirable that the agricultural house 20 be provided with windows not only on the side wall 201 but also on the end wall 203. The windows 24 of the two side walls 201 are independently driven by a driving device. The driving device includes a power source such as a motor, and includes a driving mechanism corresponding to each of the windows 24.

  By appropriately adjusting the position of the curtain 23 and the opening of the window 24, the internal temperature and the internal humidity of the agricultural house 20 can be changed. For example, if the roof curtain 230 and the side curtain 231 are closed and the opening of the window 24 is increased during a sunny day in summer, the rise in the internal temperature of the agricultural house 20 is suppressed.

  The fan wall 25 of the agricultural house 20 is provided with a fan 25 at an upper portion and an inlet at a lower portion. The fan 25 performs ventilation of the agricultural house 20 by mechanical ventilation, and contributes to adjustment of the internal temperature and the internal humidity of the agricultural house 20. Further, the fan 25 forms an airflow in the agricultural house 20 during operation. As described above, by controlling the operations of the facilities such as the curtain 23, the window 24, and the fan 25, the internal environment of the agricultural house 20 is controlled, and the environment for growing the plants 30 can be prepared.

  The agricultural house 20 is provided with various devices such as a device for watering the plant 30 in addition to the curtain 23, the window 24, and the fan 25 in order to control an environment in which the plant 30 is grown. Further, the agricultural house 20 may be provided with a sensor for monitoring the internal environment of the agricultural house 20 selected from the temperature, humidity, moisture content in soil, illuminance, and the like. The internal environment monitored by the sensor includes the temperature, humidity, and illuminance of the plant 30. It is desirable to provide sensors for monitoring the internal environment at a plurality of locations in the agricultural house 20, but they may be provided at only one location.

  In the device for preparing the internal environment of the agricultural house 20, it is desirable that the control device determines the operation state based on the internal environment of the agricultural house 20 monitored by the sensor. In this case, the control device controls various devices such as the curtain 23, the window 24, the fan 25, and the device for watering based on the internal environment of the agricultural house 20 monitored by the sensor. The relationship between the internal environment monitored by the sensor and the operation of various devices is determined according to the type of the plant 30, the growth stage of the plant 30, the season, and the like.

  The control device can select a manual operation or an automatic operation, and when the automatic operation is selected, performs automatic operation of various devices. Further, the control device has a built-in timer, and the timer is configured such that an operation period and a stop period can be set as a schedule. When the automatic operation is selected, the control device controls the operation of various devices according to the internal environment monitored by the sensor during the operation period set in the timer.

  The agricultural house 20 having the above-described configuration is an example, and is not intended to limit the configuration of the agricultural house 20, and does not hinder the use of other materials and the formation of the agricultural house 20 in other shapes.

  As described above, the agricultural house 20 of the present embodiment includes the outer shell 21, the heat retaining member 10, and the driving member (for example, the roll 11). The outer shell 21 supports the light-transmissive covering body 212 by the frame 211. The heat retaining member 10 is arranged in the inner space of the outer shell 21 and can select between a first state arranged at a specific location and a second state extended from the specific location. The driving member drives the heat retaining member 10 so that the heat retaining member 10 is deformed between the first state and the second state. Further, the heat retaining member 10 has heat storage properties. The driving member drives the heat retaining member 10 so that the heat retaining member 10 selects the first state during a predetermined time period in the evening. The specific location is a region that is deviated from the center of the outer shell 21 in a direction in which sunlight enters in a predetermined time zone.

  According to this configuration, heat is stored in the heat retaining member 10 in the first state in which the heat retaining member 10 is gathered at a specific location, and a part of the inner space of the outer shell 21 is stored by the heat retaining member 10 in the second state in which the heat retaining member 10 is expanded. It is possible to enclose a space. In the second state, radiation of heat from the space surrounded by the heat retaining member 10 is suppressed, and heat can be supplied to the space surrounded by the heat retaining member 10. Moreover, since the heat retaining member 10 is in the first state during a predetermined time zone in the evening, the heat that can be radiated from the heat retaining member 10 at night is stored by storing heat in the heat retaining member 10 using sunlight before sunset. It is possible to increase.

  It is desirable that the heat retaining member 10 be configured to surround at least a part of the space for growing the plant 30 in the inner space of the outer shell 21 in the second state.

  According to this configuration, since the heat retaining member 10 surrounds at least a part of the plant 30 in the second state, it is possible to suppress heat radiation from the space where the plant 30 is grown, and to suppress a decrease in the ambient temperature of the plant 30. It is. In addition, since the heat stored in the heat retaining member 10 in the first state can be released to the space where the plants 30 are grown in the second state, the ambient temperature of the plants 30 can be easily maintained even in winter night.

  It is desirable that the heat retaining member 10 has an outer layer 101 having heat storage properties formed in a region facing the outer shell 21 in the second state.

  According to this configuration, it becomes easier to absorb heat from sunlight that enters through the outer shell 21.

  It is desirable that the surface of the outer layer 101 facing the outer shell 21 in the second state be black.

  According to this configuration, since the surface facing the outer shell 21 is black, it is possible to enhance the absorption of heat from the sun and increase the amount of heat radiated in the second state.

  In the heat retaining member 10, it is desirable that the inner layer 102 having a hygroscopic property is formed in a region opposite to the outer shell 21 with the outer layer 101 interposed therebetween in the second state.

  According to this configuration, even if moisture (steam) existing in the space surrounded by the heat retaining member 10 adheres to the surface of the heat retaining member 10 in the second state, the moisture (steam) is absorbed by the inner layer 102 and thus hardly forms dew. When the plant 30 exists in the space surrounded by the heat retaining member 10, the possibility of water drops falling on the plant 30 is reduced, and as a result, the risk of disease or physiological disorder of the plant 30 due to excessive moisture is reduced. Further, since moisture is absorbed by the inner layer 102, an effect of dehumidification in the inner space of the outer shell 21 can be expected.

  Desirably, the inner layer 102 is a nonwoven fabric. According to this configuration, a nonwoven fabric generally used as an agricultural material can be used as the inner layer 102, and in this case, the lead time for procurement of the material constituting the heat retaining member 10 can be shortened. In addition, materials can be procured at a relatively low cost.

  The heat retaining member 10 is sheet-shaped, and the driving member includes rolls 11 and 13 coupled to one end of the heat retaining member 10, and a state in which the rolls 11 and 13 wind the heat retaining member 10 is a first state. It is desirable.

  According to this configuration, the shape of the heat retaining member 10 is simple, the configuration for deforming the heat retaining member 10 between the first state and the second state is also simple, and provision at a relatively low cost is possible. Become.

  The heat retaining member 10 has a bellows shape in which mountain folds and valley folds are alternately repeated, and the driving member includes a string-shaped member 16 coupled to the heat-insulating member 10, and receives a tension acting on the string-shaped member 16. The state where the heat retaining member 10 is folded may be the first state.

  According to this configuration, the force required to deform the heat retaining member 10 can be made smaller than that of the sheet-shaped heat retaining member 10.

  The outer shell 21 has a plurality of frames 211 each having an inverted U-shape and serving as a structural material, and a plurality of frames 211 in a state where the plurality of frames 211 are arranged in a direction intersecting a surface surrounded by each of the plurality of frames 211. And a covering body 212 to be erected. The covering body 212 covers the three-dimensional object virtually defined by the plurality of frames 211 over the entire circumference.

  The agricultural house 20 has a general structure. By arranging the heat retaining member 10 in the existing agricultural house 20, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the ambient temperature of the plant 30 at nighttime in winter or the like and to grow the plant 30. It is possible to create an environment suitable for

  The embodiment described above is an example of the present invention. For this reason, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other than this embodiment, various modifications may be made according to the design and the like within a range not departing from the technical idea according to the present invention. Of course, changes are possible.

10 Heat insulation member 11 Roll (drive member)
12 Roll (drive member)
13 Roll (drive member)
15 Roll (drive member)
16 String member (drive member)
Reference Signs List 20 agricultural house 21 outer shell 101 outer layer 102 inner layer 211 frame 212 covering

Claims (9)

An outer shell in which the frame supports the light-transmitting coating,
A heat retaining member that is arranged in the inner space of the outer shell and is capable of selecting a first state summarized at a specific location and a second state extended along a straight line from the specific location;
A driving member that drives the heat retaining member so that the heat retaining member is deformed between the first state and the second state;
The heat retaining member has a heat storage property that allows the heat absorbed by the heat retaining member before sunset to be released from the heat retaining member at night ,
The driving member drives the heat retaining member such that the heat retaining member selects the first state during a predetermined time period in the evening,
The agricultural house, wherein the specific place is a region biased to the west including a range from southwest to northwest where sunlight enters the predetermined time zone in the evening in the inner space of the outer shell. The agricultural house according to claim 1, wherein the heat retaining member is configured to surround at least a part of a space for growing plants in the inner space of the outer shell in the second state. The heat retaining member,
The agricultural house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer layer having heat storage properties is formed in a region facing the outer shell in the second state. An outer shell in which the frame supports the light-transmitting coating,
A heat retaining member disposed in the inner space of the outer shell and capable of selecting a first state gathered at a specific location and a second state expanded from the specific location;
A driving member that drives the heat retaining member so that the heat retaining member is deformed between the first state and the second state;
The heat retaining member has a heat storage property that allows the heat absorbed by the heat retaining member before sunset to be released from the heat retaining member at night,
The driving member drives the heat retaining member such that the heat retaining member selects the first state during a predetermined time period in the evening,
The specific place is a region biased to the west including a range from southwest to northwest, where sunlight is incident at a predetermined time zone in the evening in the inner space of the outer shell,
The heat retaining member,
In the second state, an outer layer having heat storage properties is formed in a region facing the outer shell,
It said outer layer has a surface that faces the outer shell Ru black der in the second state
House for agriculture. An outer shell in which the frame supports the light-transmitting coating,
A heat retaining member disposed in the inner space of the outer shell and capable of selecting a first state gathered at a specific location and a second state expanded from the specific location;
A driving member that drives the heat retaining member so that the heat retaining member is deformed between the first state and the second state;
The heat retaining member has a heat storage property that allows the heat absorbed by the heat retaining member before sunset to be released from the heat retaining member at night,
The driving member drives the heat retaining member such that the heat retaining member selects the first state during a predetermined time period in the evening,
The specific place is a region biased to the west including a range from southwest to northwest, where sunlight is incident at a predetermined time zone in the evening in the inner space of the outer shell,
The heat retaining member,
In the second state, an outer layer having heat storage properties is formed in a region facing the outer shell,
Inner layer having a hygroscopicity that is formed in a region opposite to the second state leave the outer shell across the outer layer
House for agriculture.   The agricultural house according to claim 5, wherein the inner layer is a nonwoven fabric. The heat retaining member is sheet-shaped,
The said drive member is provided with the roll couple | bonded with the one end part of the said heat insulation member, The state in which the said roll wound up the said heat insulation member is set to the said 1st state. Agricultural house. The heat retaining member has a bellows shape in which mountain folds and valley folds are alternately repeated,
The said drive member is provided with the string-shaped member couple | bonded with the said heat insulation member, The state which received the tension which acts on the said string-shaped member and the said heat insulation member was folded should be said 1st state. The agricultural house according to any one of the preceding claims. The outer shell is
A plurality of frames each having an inverted U shape and being a structural material,
A covering body laid on the plurality of frames in a state where the plurality of frames are arranged in a direction intersecting a surface surrounded by each of the plurality of frames,
The agricultural house according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the covering body covers a three-dimensional object virtually defined by the plurality of frames over the entire circumference.

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