JP6646524B2 - Cyclone equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone device used for collecting powder.

  BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a cyclone-type dust collecting device that separates and collects dust and the like in a fluid by centrifugal force is known (for example, Patent Document 1). According to this cyclone type dust collector, the powder contained in the fluid is separated and collected by the centrifugal force by swirling the fluid to be removed in the cyclone chamber.

JP-A-8-52383

  However, in the above-mentioned cyclone type dust collector, there is a problem that fine particles having a particle diameter of about 0.1 μm to 2.0 μm cannot be effectively separated from a fluid, and it is difficult to increase the collection efficiency of the fine particles. there were.

  For this reason, when collecting fine particles, a bag filter capable of selecting a filter filter cloth according to the particle diameter to be collected is often used.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cyclone device capable of collecting fine particles with high collection efficiency.

The cyclone device of the present invention includes a cyclone body having a cylindrical upper barrel and an inverted conical lower barrel, an annular member provided in the upper barrel, and an upper edge of the upper barrel. A top plate having an opening at a central portion of the cover, a through hole formed in a side wall of the annular member and directed in a tangential direction to an inner wall surface of the side wall, and a first fluid containing powder is passed through the cyclone body. A first introduction pipe for introducing along a wall surface, a second introduction pipe for introducing a second fluid into the through hole, a twist member disposed in the through hole, and a vertical center of the upper barrel. An exhaust pipe inserted into the opening along the axis to raise an exhaust flow generated in the cyclone body and discharge from the cyclone body, and the first fluid and the through hole in the cyclone body. Through the cyclone body Characterized in that it comprises a collection box for collecting the powder separated by the turning motion of the input has been the second fluid.

Further, the cyclone device of the present invention is characterized in that a tip portion of the twist member projects from the through hole by a predetermined amount into the annular member .

In the cyclone device of the present invention, the annular member is replaceable , and the second introduction pipe is an annular space formed between an inner wall surface of the upper barrel and an outer wall surface of the annular member. The second fluid is introduced into the portion.

  Further, in the cyclone device of the present invention, the advancing direction of the screw of the twist member is clockwise when the swirling direction of the swirling flow generated in the cyclone body from the mounting position of the first introduction pipe is viewed from above. In the case, the screw is a right-hand thread, and in the case of counterclockwise, the screw is a left-hand thread. When θ, 180 ° ≦ θ ≦ 360 °.

  Further, the cyclone device of the present invention is characterized in that the second fluid introduced from the through hole is introduced at a higher speed than the first fluid introduced from the first introduction pipe.

  The cyclone device of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the through holes are formed.

  The cyclone device of the present invention is characterized in that air is used for the first fluid and compressed air is used for the second fluid.

  According to the cyclone device of the present invention, fine particles can be collected with high collection efficiency.

It is the figure which looked at the internal structure of the cyclone device concerning an embodiment from the side. It is the figure which looked at the internal structure of the upper cylinder part of the cyclone device concerning embodiment from above. It is a figure showing composition of a twist member concerning an embodiment, and a physical relationship of a twist member and a penetration hole. It is a figure for explaining a screw discharge end of a twist member concerning an embodiment. It is an AA arrow figure of a twist member concerning an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the cyclone system concerning an embodiment. It is a table | surface which shows the kind of annular member with which the cyclone apparatus which concerns on embodiment is provided. It is the figure which looked at another internal structure of the upper cylinder part of the cyclone device concerning an embodiment from the upper part. It is a graph which shows the experimental result at the time of changing the angle of the screw discharge end of two twist members in the cyclone device concerning an embodiment. It is a graph which shows the experiment result in the case where it has two twist members in the cyclone apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and when it does not have. It is a graph which shows the experimental result in the case where the twist member protrudes from a through-hole in the cyclone apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and the case where it does not protrude. It is a graph which shows the experimental result in the case where it has four twist members in the cyclone apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and when it does not have. It is a graph which shows the experimental result in the case where it is equipped with four twist members in the cyclone apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and the case where it is not equipped, and changes the total flow volume.

  Hereinafter, a cyclone device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view of the internal structure of the cyclone device as viewed from the side. The cyclone device 2 is a device for separating and collecting powder in a fluid by centrifugal force. As shown in FIG. 1, the cyclone body 4, the first introduction pipe 6, the second introduction pipe 8, the exhaust pipe 10 , And a collection box 12.

  Here, the cyclone main body 4 has three barrel portions: a cylindrical upper barrel portion 4a, a middle barrel portion 4b having a smaller diameter than the upper barrel portion 4a, and a lower barrel portion 4c having an inverted conical shape. It is constituted by.

  The upper barrel portion 4a has a cylindrical side wall portion 16, and an upper edge of the upper barrel portion 4a is air-tightly covered by a disk-shaped top plate 22 having an opening 22a formed in the center. . Here, “airtight” means a state in which gas does not flow in from the outside and is sealed so that gas does not leak from the inside. An annular member 18 is exchangeably disposed near the top plate 22 in the upper barrel portion 4a, and the annular member 18 forms a part of the upper barrel portion 4a. A part of the classifying chamber 30 is formed, and an annular space portion 20 is formed between the inner wall surface of the upper barrel portion 4a and the outer wall surface of the annular member 18. The side wall 16 and the annular member 18 are disposed on a flange 4g described later, and the lower part of the space 20 is hermetically closed by the flange 4g.

  The middle barrel portion 4b is disposed below the upper barrel portion 4a, and includes a cylindrical side wall 4f and an annular flange 4g extending outward from the upper end of the side wall 4f. The lower barrel portion 4c is air-tightly connected to the lower end of the middle barrel portion 4b, and the lower end of the lower barrel portion 4c has an opening for discharging powder collected by the collection box 12. A portion 4j is formed.

  The first introduction pipe 6 is connected to a rectangular inner wall opening 6a formed above the side wall 4f, and introduces air containing powder along the inner wall surface of the middle barrel 4b. The second introduction pipe 8 is connected to the hole 8 a formed in the side wall 16, and introduces compressed air into the space 20. Here, the second introduction pipe 8 is located closer to the top board 22 than the first introduction pipe 6.

  The discharge pipe 10 is inserted into the opening 22a along the vertical central axis X of the upper barrel 4a, and the lower end of the discharge pipe 10 is located at a predetermined position in the middle barrel 4b. The discharge pipe 10 raises the exhaust flow generated in the cyclone body 4 and discharges the same from the cyclone body 4.

  FIG. 2 is a view of the internal structure of the upper barrel 4a as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 2, the compressed air sent from the hole 8 a is filled in a space 20 formed between the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 16 of the upper barrel portion 4 a and the outer wall surface of the annular member 18. be introduced.

  A through hole 18 a penetrating the side wall is formed in the side wall of the annular member 18. The through-holes 18a are formed at four predetermined intervals on the side wall of the annular member 18. Further, the direction of penetration of the through hole 18a is substantially tangential to the inner wall surface of the annular member 18 so that the direction of air introduced from the first introduction pipe 6 flows in the cyclone body 4. It is formed as follows.

  Twist members 19 are arranged in the respective through holes 18a. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the twist member 19 and the positional relationship between the through-hole 18 a and the twist member 19. As shown in FIG. 3, the twist member 19 has a substantially columnar shape, and a spiral groove 19 a is formed on the peripheral surface of the twist member 19. The diameter R of the twist member 19 is substantially the same as the diameter of the through hole 18a, and the twist member 19 is arranged such that the peripheral surface of the twist member 19 contacts the inner wall surface of the through hole 18a. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the distal end portion 19b of the twist member 19 projects a predetermined amount L from the through hole of the through hole 18a into the upper barrel portion 4a. Further, in the cyclone device 2, the swirling direction of the swirling flow generated from the mounting position of the first introduction pipe 6 is clockwise when viewed from above. Right-hand thread. The compressed air introduced into the through hole 18a from the second introduction pipe 8 through the space 20 advances inside the through hole 18a along the spiral of the groove 19a, and is introduced into the cyclone body 4.

  FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the screw discharge end of the twist member 19, and FIG. 5 is a view of the twist member 19 shown in FIG. Note that C shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is the center line of the twist member 19. As shown in FIG. 4, the twist member 19 has a screw discharge end 19c which is the end of the groove 19a. As shown in FIG. 5, when the twist member 19 is viewed from the space 20 toward the upper barrel 4 a, when the vertical upper direction is 0 ° and the angle from the vertical upper direction where the screw traveling direction is positive is θ. , The position of the screw discharge end 19c is arranged such that 180 ° ≦ θ ≦ 360 ° (θ ≒ 270 ° in this embodiment). That is, the screw is formed so that the air that has passed through the spiral of the groove 19a within the through hole 18a is discharged forward and upward along the inner wall surface of the annular member 18 from the screw discharge end 19c and the vicinity of the screw discharge end 19c. The discharge end 19c is positioned.

  The opening 4j formed at the lower end of the lower barrel 4c is separated by the swirling motion of the air containing the powder in the cyclone body 4 and the compressed air introduced into the cyclone body 4 through the through hole 18a. The discharged powder is discharged. The collection box 12 collects the powder discharged from the opening 4j.

  Next, the process of collecting powder using the cyclone device 2 will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of the cyclone system shown in FIG. First, when the operation of the cyclone system is started, the blower 52, the compressor 53, and the compressor 54 are each driven. When the blower 52 is driven, the gas inside the cyclone body 4 is sucked through the exhaust pipe 10. Due to this suction, a swirling flow swirling along the inner wall surface of the cyclone body 4 is generated.

  When the compressor 53 is driven, air is sent to the disperser 58. Accordingly, a swirling flow is generated along the inner wall surface in the disperser 58, and the raw material powder introduced into the disperser 58 can be dispersed. Further, when the compressor 54 is driven, compressed air as the second fluid is introduced from the second introduction pipe 8 into the space 20. Note that a flow meter 55 is provided between the compressor 54 and the second introduction pipe 8. The flow meter 55 measures the flow rate of the second fluid introduced into the second introduction pipe 8.

  When the second fluid is introduced from the second introduction pipe 8 into the space 20, the second fluid introduced into the space 20 is supplied to the spiral groove 19 a of the twist member 19 disposed in the through hole 18 a. And is introduced into the cyclone body 4 forward and upward along the inner wall surface of the annular member 18. The second fluid is introduced into the cyclone body 4 while rotating spirally by passing through the spiral groove 19a. Thereby, the swirling strength of the swirling flow swirling in the cyclone body 4 is increased. The speed of the second fluid introduced into the cyclone body 4 is higher than the speed of the first fluid containing the raw material powder introduced from the first introduction pipe 6 in the air. Thereby, the swirling speed of the swirling flow swirling in the cyclone body 4 is accelerated.

  Next, the raw material powder is supplied to the disperser 58 by the feeder 56. The raw material powder dispersed in the disperser 58 is discharged from the disperser 58, and a first fluid containing the raw material powder in the air is introduced into the first inlet pipe 6. The first fluid introduced into the first introduction pipe 6 is introduced from the first introduction pipe 6 into the cyclone body 4 along the inner wall surface of the cyclone body 4.

  Next, the raw material powder introduced into the cyclone body 4 together with the air descends while swirling in the cyclone main body 4 by the swirling flow, and the raw material powder in the swirling flow is separated from the swirling flow by the centrifugal force of the swirling motion. Is done. Since the swirling strength and swirling speed of the swirling flow are increased by the second fluid introduced through the twist member 19, fine particles having a particle size of about 0.1 μm to 2.0 μm are effectively removed from the swirling flow. Is separated into

  The powder separated from the swirling flow is collected by the collection box 12, and the fine particles not separated from the swirling flow rise from the cyclone body 4 together with the exhaust flow and are discharged from the exhaust pipe 10, and then the bag filter. Collected by 60. An orifice flow meter 61 is provided between the bag filter 60 and the blower 52. The orifice flow meter 61 measures the total flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 10.

  Next, an experiment performed using the cyclone device 2 shown in FIG. 6 will be described. In the experiment, as shown in FIG. 7, eight types of annular members 18 (annular members I to VIII) were prepared, the position (angle) θ (°) of the screw discharge end 19 c, and the protrusion of the tip 19 b of the twist member 19. This was performed by changing at least one of the amount L (mm) and the number n of the through holes 18a. The annular member I is θ = 0 (360) °, L = 5 mm, n = 2, the annular member II is θ = 90 °, L = 5 mm, n = 2, and the annular member III is θ = 180 °, L = 5 mm, n = 2, annular member IV is θ = 270 °, L = 5 mm, n = 2, annular member V is θ = 270 °, L = 0 mm, n = 2, annular member VI is θ = 270 °, L = 5 mm , N = 4. The number of the through holes 18a of the annular member VII is two, and the number of the through holes 18a of the annular member VIII is four. The twist member 19 is not disposed in the through holes 18a of the annular members VII and VIII. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the annular members I to V and VII use the annular member 18 in which the two through holes 18 a are arranged at positions that are rotationally symmetric with respect to the exhaust pipe 10. Further, the diameters of the through holes 18a of the annular members I to VIII are all 5 mm. In the experiment, 11 kinds of JIS test powders according to JIS Z 8901 “Test powder and test particles” were used as raw material powders. 11 types Kanto loam (fired product, median diameter 2.36 μm) (hereinafter “Kanto loam”) JIS11)).

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing the partial classification efficiency Δη of the cyclone device 2 when an experiment was performed using the annular members I to IV. That is, it is a graph showing the ratio (partial classification efficiency) Δη of the powder collected in the collection box 12 when the angle θ of the screw discharge end 19c of the twist member 19 is changed. Here, FIG. 9 shows an experimental result when the total flow rate of the exhaust flow passing through the exhaust pipe 10 is Qt = 500 L / min, and the flow rate of the compressed air passing through the second introduction pipe 8 is q = 75 L / min. Is shown.

According to the experimental results in FIG. 9, the 50% separation diameters D _P50 = 0.91 μm, 0.96 μm, and 0.88 μm when using the annular members I, III, and IV are 50% when using the annular member II. % Separation diameter D _P50 = smaller than 1.01 μm. In particular, the 50% separation diameter _DP50 when using the annular member IV (θ = 270 °) is the smallest as compared with the 50% classification diameter _DP50 when using the other annular members I to III. The 50% separation diameter is (weight of the powder collected by the collection box 12) / (weight of the powder contained in the first fluid introduced into the cyclone body 4) × 100 = 50%. It means the particle size. That is, when 180 ° ≦ θ ≦ 360 °, particularly when θ = 270 °, particles having a smaller diameter than when θ = 90 ° can be efficiently classified.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the partial classification efficiency Δη of the cyclone device 2 when an experiment is performed using the annular members IV and VII. That is, it is a graph showing the ratio (partial classification efficiency) Δη of the powder collected in the collection box 12 when the twist member 19 is provided and when it is not provided. FIG. 10 shows experimental results when Qt = 500 L / min and q = 75 L / min.

According to the experimental results in FIG. 10, the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.88 μm when the annular member IV is used is smaller than the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.96 μm when the annular member VII is used. That is, in the case where the twist member 19 is provided, particles having a smaller diameter than in the case where the twist member 19 is not provided can be efficiently classified. Moreover, the classification accuracy index κ = 1.23 when the annular member IV is used is closer to 1 than the classification accuracy index κ = 1.33 when the annular member VII is used. The classification accuracy index κ is a value obtained by dividing the particle diameter of the partial classification efficiency Δη = 0.75 by the particle diameter of Δη = 0.25. The closer the classification accuracy index κ is to 1, the higher the classification accuracy is. Therefore, when the twist member 19 is provided, the classification accuracy is higher than when the twist member 19 is not provided.

  FIG. 11 is a graph showing the partial classification efficiency Δη of the cyclone device 2 when an experiment is performed using the annular members IV, V, and VII. That is, collection in the case where the twist member 19 is provided with the twist member 19 protruding from the through hole 18a, in the case where the twist member 19 is provided with the twist member 19 does not protrude from the through hole 18a, and in the case where the twist member 19 is not provided. FIG. 9 is a graph showing a ratio (partial classification efficiency) Δη of powder collected in a box 12. FIG. FIG. 11 shows the experimental results when Qt = 500 L / min and q = 75 L / min.

  According to the experimental results of FIG. 11, the classification accuracy index κ = 1.23 when the annular member IV is used is the classification accuracy index κ = 1.28 when the annular member V is used and the classification accuracy index κ = 1.28 when the annular member V is used. The classification accuracy index κ is closer to 1 than 1.33. That is, when the twist member 19 is provided and the twist member 19 protrudes from the through hole 18a, the classification accuracy is higher than when the twist member 19 is provided and the twist member 19 is not protruded from the through hole 18a.

  FIG. 12 is a graph showing the partial classification efficiency Δη of the cyclone device 2 when an experiment was performed using the annular members VIII and VI. That is, Qt = 500 L / min and q = 150 L / min when there are four through holes 18 a and four twist members 19, and when there are four through holes 18 a but no twist members 19. 6 is a graph showing a ratio (partial classification efficiency) Δη of powder collected in the collection box 12 in the case.

According to the experimental results of FIG. 12, the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.82 μm when the annular member VI is used is smaller than the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.90 μm when the annular member VIII is used. That is, in the case where the twist member 19 is provided, particles having a smaller diameter than in the case where the twist member 19 is not provided can be efficiently classified. Further, the 50% separation diameter _DP50 when the annular member VI is used is smaller than the _DP50 when the annular member IV is used. That is, when four through-holes 18 a and four twist members 19 are provided, particles having a smaller diameter than when two through-holes 18 a and two twist members 19 are provided can be efficiently classified.

  The classification accuracy index κ = 1.16 when the annular member VI is used is closer to 1 than the classification accuracy index κ = 1.28 when the annular member VIII is used. That is, when the twist member 19 is provided, the classification accuracy is higher than when the twist member 19 is not provided. The classification accuracy index κ when the annular member VI is used is closer to 1 than κ when the annular member IV is used. That is, when four through holes 18a and four twist members 19 are provided, classification accuracy is higher than when two through holes 18a and two twist members 19 are provided.

  FIG. 13 is a graph showing the partial classification efficiency Δη of the cyclone device 2 when an experiment was performed using the annular members VIII and VI. That is, Qt = 800 L / min and q = 150 L / min in the case where four through holes 18 a and four twist members 19 are provided, and in the case where four through holes 18 a are provided and no twist member 19 is provided. 6 is a graph showing a ratio (partial classification efficiency) Δη of powder collected in the collection box 12 in the case.

According to the experimental results in FIG. 13, the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.75 μm when the annular member VI is used is smaller than the 50% separation diameter D _P50 = 0.85 μm when the annular member VIII is used. That is, in the case where the twist member 19 is provided, particles having a smaller diameter than in the case where the twist member 19 is not provided can be efficiently classified. Further, in a case of using the annular member VI, 50% separation diameter _{D P50} in the case of the Qt = 800L / min is, _{D P50} is smaller than in the case of the Qt = 500L / min. That is, when the total flow rate Qt is high, particles having a smaller diameter than when the total flow rate Qt is low can be efficiently classified. The classification accuracy index κ = 1.15 when the annular member VI is used is closer to 1 than the classification accuracy index κ = 1.24 when the annular member VIII is used. That is, in the case where the twist member 19 is provided, the classification accuracy is higher than in the case where the twist member 19 is not provided, and the value close to 1 can be maintained even when the total flow rate Qt is increased. .

  According to the cyclone device 2 according to this embodiment, the twist member 19 is provided in the through hole 18a of the annular member 18, the angle θ of the screw discharge end 19c of the twist member 19 is set to 180 ° ≦ θ ≦ 360 °, The distal end portion 19b of the member 19 projects from the through hole 18a by a predetermined amount. Therefore, the compressed air, which is the second fluid, can be discharged upward and forward along the inner wall surface of the annular member 18, and the swirling flow of the air in the cyclone body 4 can be increased. Fine particles can be collected at a collection efficiency.

  In the above-described embodiment, the number of through holes 18a formed in the annular member 18 is not necessarily limited to two and four. For example, instead of the annular member 18 having four through holes 18a, an annular member 18 having one, three, or five or more through holes 18a may be disposed in the upper barrel portion 4a. If necessary, a necessary number of through holes can be arranged.

  Further, in the cyclone device 2 according to the above-described embodiment, the annular member 18 is annular, but the wall of the classifying chamber 30 formed by the annular member 18 is connected to the side wall 4f substantially smoothly. Any shape other than a ring may be used. Further, if the annular member 18 is configured to be confidential, the annular member 18 may be divided, for example, in a diametrical direction or a circumferential direction. That is, the annular member 18 may be a combination of two semi-annular members or a combination of two annular members.

  Further, in the cyclone device 2 according to the above-described embodiment, the screw-shaped twist member 19 is disposed in the through hole 18a, but a blade-shaped member is disposed in the through hole 18a instead of the twist member 19. You may.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first introduction pipe 6 and the second introduction pipe 8 do not necessarily have to be arranged at positions that are substantially rotationally symmetric with respect to the exhaust pipe 10.

  Further, when the rotational direction of the swirling flow is counterclockwise when viewed from above due to selfishness or the like, it goes without saying that the screw traveling direction of the twist member 19 is set to the left-handed screw.

2 cyclone device, 4 cyclone body, 4a upper barrel portion, 4b middle barrel portion, 4c lower barrel portion, 6 first inlet pipe, 8 second inlet pipe, 10 exhaust pipe, 12 ... collection box, 16 ... side wall, 18 ... annular member, 18a ... through hole, 19 ... twist member, 20 ... space, 22 ... top plate, 22a ... opening, 30 ... classification room.

Claims (7)

A cyclone body having a cylindrical upper body and an inverted conical lower body,
An annular member provided in the upper barrel,
A top plate that covers the upper edge of the upper barrel and has an opening in the center,
A through hole formed in a side wall of the annular member and directed in a tangential direction of an inner wall surface of the side wall,
A first introduction pipe for introducing a first fluid containing powder along an inner wall surface of the cyclone body,
A second introduction pipe for introducing a second fluid into the through-hole,
A twist member arranged in the through hole,
An exhaust pipe inserted into the opening along a vertical center axis of the upper barrel, and configured to raise an exhaust flow generated in the cyclone body and discharge the exhaust stream from the cyclone body;
A collection box for collecting the first fluid in the cyclone main body and a powder separated by a swirling motion of the second fluid introduced into the cyclone main body through the through hole. A cyclone device characterized by the above-mentioned. The cyclone device according to claim 1, wherein a tip portion of the twist member has a structure projecting from the through hole into the annular member by a predetermined amount. It said annular member are interchangeable,
The second introduction pipe is configured to introduce the second fluid into an annular space formed between an inner wall surface of the upper barrel and an outer wall surface of the annular member. The cyclone device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The traveling direction of the screw of the twist member is a right-handed screw when the swirling direction of the swirling flow generated in the cyclone body from the mounting position of the first introduction pipe is clockwise when viewed from above, and left-handed. In the case of around, it is a left-hand thread,
The position of the screw discharge end of the twist member is 180 ° ≦ θ ≦ 360 °, where 0 ° is the vertical upper part and θ is the angle from the vertical upper part where the traveling direction of the screw is positive. The cyclone device according to claim 1.   The second fluid introduced from the through-hole is introduced at a higher speed than the first fluid introduced from the first introduction pipe. The cyclone device according to the paragraph.   The cyclone device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of the through holes are formed.   The cyclone device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein air is used for the first fluid, and compressed air is used for the second fluid.

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