JP6645144B2 - Ballast water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment apparatus including a filter for filtering water to be treated to obtain filtered water, and backwash means for performing backwash on the filter using backwash water.

  When a ship such as a tanker unloads crude oil from a cargo and re-goes to its destination, the ballast water is generally stored in a ballast tank provided on the ship to balance the moving ship. Stores water called. Ballast water is basically taken at the loading port and discharged at the loading port. Therefore, if the locations are different, plankton and bacterial microorganisms contained in the ballast water move around the world. Therefore, if ballast water is discharged from a loading port in a sea area different from the loading port, microorganisms from another sea area will be released to that port, which may destroy the ecosystem in that sea area.

  In order to reduce the content of microorganisms contained in ballast water, a ballast water treatment device provided with a filter for filtering ballast water has been used. Since the filter of the ballast water treatment device is required to have a high performance of removing microorganisms, a filter body using a wire mesh with a very small opening is required. For this reason, clogging is severe and constant washing (backwashing) of the filter is important.

  A plurality of backwashable filters are provided, and the pressure loss between the inlet side (primary side) and the discharge side (secondary side) of each filter is detected by a pressure difference measurement, and the pressure loss is set to a predetermined value There has been proposed a ballast water treatment apparatus in which backwashing is performed on an excess filter (see Patent Document 1 below). In the device proposed in Patent Literature 1, backwash sewage generated as a result of backwashing is discharged outboard by a pump. If backwashing is performed simultaneously with the loading of ballast water, the deposits on the filter will only contain microorganisms from the immediate surrounding environment. Therefore, in such a case, even if the backwash sewage generated by backwashing the sediment is discharged outboard, the microorganisms are not transferred out of the surrounding environment and the ecosystem is destroyed. It is said that there is little fear.

  In the ballast water treatment device of Patent Document 1, when loading ballast water, the seawater to be pumped is filtered by a filter and disinfected by a disinfection unit, but the residual microorganisms grow and grow in the ballast tank during travel. As a result, new disinfection is performed even when the ballast water is discharged from the pump.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-504209

  In the ballast water treatment device of Patent Literature 1, the backwashing sewage is discharged outboard by a pump, but when the device is stopped, the backwashing sewage stays in the backwashing sewage line. In this state, when backwashing is performed in the ballast water treatment device at the next port of call of the ship, the backwashed sewage that has accumulated is discharged to the port of call. That is, the microorganisms contained in the retained backwash wastewater move according to the operation of the ship.

  The present invention relates to a backwash contaminated water generated at the time of backwashing a filter of a ballast water treatment device, stays in a backwash wastewater line, and microorganisms contained in the retained backwash wastewater are used for ships equipped with the ballast water treatment device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ballast water treatment apparatus that can prevent the ballast water treatment device from moving with the operation of the above.

  The present invention provides a filter for filtering water to be treated to obtain filtered water, a treated water introduction line through which the treated water flows toward the filter, and a process through which the filtered water filtered by the filter flows. A water line, a backwashing means for performing backwashing on the filter using backwashing water, a backwashing sewage line through which backwashing sewage after backwashing by the backwashing means flows; And a compressed air introducing means for introducing compressed air for discharging backwashing sewage present inside the outside of the backwashing sewage line.

  Further, the present invention provides a cylindrical filter for filtering the water to be treated flowing into the inside and flowing it out as filtered water, and a treated water introduction line through which the water to be treated flows toward the inside of the filter. A treated water line through which filtered treated water filtered by the filter flows, and a first backwash water for injecting backwash water in a state where the treated water is present inside the filter toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter. An injection nozzle, a second backwash water injection nozzle that injects backwash water in a state where substantially no water to be treated is present inside the filter toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter, and a primary nozzle provided on the filter. A suction nozzle that opens toward the inner peripheral surface of the filter, and is the backwash water that is injected from the first backwash water injection nozzle and that passes through the filter from the outer peripheral surface toward the inner peripheral surface. Absorb the first backwash sewage A first backwashing sewage line through which the first backwashing sewage sucked by the suction nozzle flows; a first backwashing sewage valve provided in the first backwashing sewage line; A second backwashing sewage line through which the second backwashing sewage after backwashing by the washing water injection nozzle flows, a second backwashing sewage valve provided in the second backwashing sewage line, and compressed air inside the filter. A ballast water treatment device comprising: a compressed air introduction unit that introduces water; and a control unit that controls opening and closing of the first backwash sewage valve and the compressed air introduction unit. Before the second backwash water injection is performed, the control unit controls the first backwash wastewater valve so as to open the first backwash wastewater valve, and supplies compressed air to the inside of the filter. Introduce the compressed air as you introduce Controls stage, by which, to discharge the first backwash sewage present inside the first backwash sewage line to the outside of the first backwash sewage lines, on Ballast water treatment system.

  Further, the first backwash water injection nozzle and the second backwash water injection nozzle may be shared.

  According to the ballast water treatment apparatus of the present invention, backwash contaminated water generated at the time of backwashing the filter stays in the backwash wastewater line, and microorganisms contained in the accumulated backwash wastewater are equipped with the ballast water treatment apparatus. It is possible to provide a ballast water treatment apparatus that can prevent the ship from moving along with the operation of a ship or the like.

It is a flow figure showing a 1st embodiment of a ballast water treatment device of the present invention. It is a timing chart regarding control of filter washing in a 1st embodiment of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of a ballast water treatment device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of the ballast water treatment device of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ballast water treatment device 1 of the first embodiment includes a ballast water filtration device 2, an ultraviolet reactor 61, a first backwash water supply unit 7, and a second backwash water supply unit 41. , A control unit 9. The control unit 9 is connected to each device by a signal line (not shown) so that each device to be controlled can be controlled. A ballast tank 62 and a clean water tank 65 are connected to the ballast water treatment device 1 as external components.

  The ballast water treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment includes, as lines, a treated water introduction line L1, a treated water discharge line L2, a treated water line L11, a stored treated water discharge line L12, and a first backwash water. A distribution line L21, a second backwash water distribution line L22, and an air vent line L31 are provided. The “line” is a general term for a line such as a flow path, a path, a pipe, or the like through which a fluid can flow.

  The ballast water filtration device 2 includes a casing 51, a filter 52, a filter rotating means 3, a suction nozzle 4, a first backwash water injection nozzle 6 as a backwash water injection nozzle, and a second backwash water injection nozzle. 40, a backwash wastewater discharging means 5, and a differential pressure detecting means 8.

  The casing 51 has a cylindrical shape, and houses the filter 52 therein. The filter 52 has a cylindrical shape as a whole and filters the water to be treated (ballast water) W1 (mainly seawater) that has flowed into the filter 52 and discharges it to the outside as ballast water (filtered water) W2. The filter rotating means 3 rotates the filter 52 about its axis. The suction nozzle 4 is provided on the primary side of the filter 52 and opens toward the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52. The suction nozzle 4 sucks backwash wastewater W11 that is backwash water that is jetted from the first backwash water jet nozzle 6 and passes through the filter 52 from the outer peripheral surface toward the inner peripheral surface.

The above-described backwashed sewage W11 is appropriately referred to as first backwashed sewage W11 to distinguish it from a second backwashed sewage W12 described later.
In other words, the suction nozzle 4 is a suction nozzle provided on the primary side of the filter 52 and opened toward the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52. The first backwash sewage W11, which is the backwash water passed through the filter 52 from the outer peripheral surface toward the inner peripheral surface, is sucked.

  The first backwash water injection nozzle 6 is provided on the secondary side of the filter 52 separately from the second backwash water injection nozzle 40, and moves toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter 52 during the ballast water treatment operation. Inject water. Injection of the first backwash water from the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 is performed in a state where the ballast water (W2, W1) is present (filled) inside the casing 51 and the filter 52.

  The second backwash water injection nozzle 40 is provided on the secondary side of the filter 52 separately from the first backwash water injection nozzle 6, and injects the second backwash water toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter 52. The injection of the second backwash water from the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 is performed when the ballast water (W2, W1) does not substantially exist inside the casing 51 and the filter 52 (the second backwash water injection nozzle 40). (In a state where the second backwash water directly comes into contact with the filter 52 (not in the water)) (space washing).

The backwashing wastewater discharging means 5 discharges the backwashing wastewater W11 sucked by the suction nozzle 4 from the inside of the casing 51 to the outside. The differential pressure detecting means 8 detects a differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the filter 52. The control unit 9 determines whether or not the backwash water is jetted, switches between the first backwash water jet nozzle 6 and the second backwash water jet nozzle 40, based on the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure detecting means 8, etc. It controls the injection pressure when backwash water is injected.
Details of the ballast water filtration device 2 will be described later.

The ultraviolet reactor 61 irradiates the ballast water (filtered water) W2 filtered by the filter 52 of the ballast water filtration device 2 with ultraviolet light.
The ballast tank 62 stores the ballast water (filtration water) W2 irradiated with ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet reactor 61 as the storage water W3.
The ultraviolet reactor 61 irradiates ultraviolet rays to the storage water W3 when discharging the ballast water (storage water) W3 stored in the ballast tank 62 outside the ship.
The clean water tank 65 stores clean water W5 prepared separately from ballast water.

Next, each line will be described in detail. The to-be-treated water introduction line L1 has the to-be-treated water W1 (mainly seawater) introduced from one end thereof and is connected to the to-be-treated water introduction port 20 at the other end. This is a line that circulates toward the treated water introduction port 20. A pump P1, a valve V1, a connecting portion J1, and a treated water inlet 20 are connected to the treated water introduction line L1 in this order.
The treated water discharge line L2 is connected at one end to the connection portion J1 of the treated water introduction line L1, and is a line from which water (ballast water W1) in the filter 52 is discharged from the other end.

  One end of the treated water line L11 is connected to the treated water outlet 26 of the ballast water filtration device 2 and the other end is connected to the ballast tank 62, and the ballast water filtered by the ballast water filtration device 2 is processed. (Filtered water) This is a line through which W2 flows toward the ballast tank 62. In the treated water line L11, a treated water outlet 26, a connecting portion J21, a valve V11, a connecting portion J11, an ultraviolet reactor 61, a valve V12, and a ballast tank 62 are provided in this order.

  The stored treated water discharge line L12 is connected at one end to a connection portion J11 of the treated water line L11, and discharges ballast water (reserved treated water) W3 from the other end. A connection J11, a valve V13, and a to-be-treated water discharge pump P11 are provided in this order in the stored treated water discharge line L12.

  The first backwash water distribution line L21 is a line connected at one end to the connection portion J21 of the treated water line L11 and connected to the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 at the other end. In the first backwash water distribution line L21, ballast water (filtered water) W2 flows toward the first backwash water injection nozzle 6. In the first backwash water distribution line L21, a connection portion J21, a valve V21, and a first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 are provided in this order.

  The second backwash water distribution line L22 is a line connected at one end to the clean water tank 65 and connected to the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 at the other end. In the second backwash water distribution line L22, the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 flows as the second backwash water toward the second backwash water injection nozzle 40. In the second backwash water distribution line L22, a valve V22 and a second backwash water pressurizing pump P22 are provided in this order.

  Various valves and pumps are provided at various points in the line. Specifically, a pump P1 is provided upstream of the connection portion J1 in the treated water introduction line L1. The pump P1 pumps the water to be treated W1 (mainly seawater) from one end of the water to be treated introduction line L1. A valve V1 is provided between the pumping pump P1 and the connection part J1 in the treated water introduction line L1. The treated water discharge line L2 is provided with a valve V2.

  A valve V11 is provided between the treated water outlet 26 and the ultraviolet reactor 61 in the treated water line L11 (specifically, between the connecting portion J21 and the connecting portion J11). A valve V12 is provided between the ultraviolet reactor 61 and the ballast tank 62 in the treated water line L11. The storage treated water discharge line L12 is provided with a valve V13 and a treated water discharge pump P11. The treated water discharge pump P11 sucks and pressurizes (discharges) water flowing through the stored treated water discharge line L12.

A valve V21 is provided between the connection portion J21 in the first backwash water distribution line L21 and the first backwash water pressurizing pump P21. A first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 is provided between the valve V21 and the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 in the first backwash water distribution line L21. The first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 sucks and pressurizes (discharges) water flowing through the first backwash water flow line L21.
The second backwash water pressurizing pump P22 sucks and pressurizes (discharges) water flowing through the second backwash water flow line L22.

  Next, the details of the ballast water filtration device 2 will be described. The casing 51 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an upper opening and a lower opening. The upper opening is sealed with the lid 10, and the lower opening is sealed with the bottom 11. The lid 10 is connected to an air vent line L31. The air bleed line L31 is provided with an air bleed valve V31 for bleeding air inside the casing 51.

More specifically, as shown in the drawing, the air bleeding line L31 is constituted by a line that is partially common to the compressed air supply line L41 of the compressed air introduction means 71, and one end of the common line portion forms the lid 10 It is connected to the. The air release valve V31 is disposed in a line portion branched from the common line portion.
The other end of the compressed air supply line L41 is connected to a compressed air supply source 72, such as a compressor, via a valve V41.
The compressed air introduction unit 71 is a unit that introduces compressed air into the filter 52, and includes a compressed air supply line L41, a valve V41, and a compressed air supply source 72.

  The filter 52 has an upper opening and a lower opening, and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. Details of the filter 52 will be described later. A treated water outflow space 27 is formed between the casing 51 and the filter 52. The upper opening is closed by the upper closing part 13. The lower opening is hermetically sealed by the lower closing part 14 and a lower rotating shaft member 16 described later.

  The filter rotating means 3 includes an upper rotating shaft member 15, a lower rotating shaft member 16, and a motor 17 for rotating the upper rotating shaft member 15. The upper rotating shaft member 15 is provided on the upper closing portion 13 of the filter 52 so as to protrude upward in the axial direction at the axial position of the filter 52. The lower rotating shaft member 16 is provided on the lower closing portion 14 of the filter 52 so as to protrude downward in the axial direction at the axial position of the filter 52.

  The upper rotation shaft member 15 is rotatably and liquid-tightly supported by the lid 10 via a sealed bearing member 18 that penetrates through the lid 10 of the casing 51. The lower rotating shaft member 16 is rotatably and liquid-tightly supported by the bottom portion 11 via a sealed bearing member 19 that penetrates through the bottom portion 11 of the casing 51. The lower rotation shaft member 16 is a tubular body communicating with the inside of the filter 52, and protrudes from the bottom 11 of the casing 51 to the outside of the casing 51. The treated water introduction port 20 to the casing 51 is connected to the lower rotating shaft member 16.

The treated water introduction port 20 is connected to a treated water introduction line L1. A treated water outlet 26 is provided on the side of the casing 51. The treated water outlet 26 is connected to a treated water line L11.
The to-be-processed water W1 flowing through the to-be-treated water introduction line L1 and introduced from the to-be-treated water introduction port 20 enters the inside of the filter 52 through the lower rotary shaft member 16. The water W1 is filtered through the filter 52, enters the treated water outflow space 27 formed between the casing 51 and the filter 52, and flows out of the treated water outlet 26.

  The backwashing sewage discharging means 5 includes a backwashing sewage collecting pipe 28, a backwashing sewage discharging pipe 29, and a valve V32. The backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28 is connected to the plurality of suction nozzles 4. In the backwashing sewage collecting pipe 28, the backwashing sewage W11 sucked by the plurality of suction nozzles 4 collects and circulates downward. The backwashing sewage discharge pipe 29 is connected to the lower end of the backwashing sewage collecting pipe 28 to discharge the backwashing sewage W11 to the outside. The valve V32 is provided in the backwash wastewater discharge pipe 29.

  The backwashing sewage discharge pipe 29 is a line through which the first backwashing sewage W11 sucked by the suction nozzle 4 flows, and is also appropriately referred to as a “first backwashing sewage line 29”. The valve V32 is also appropriately referred to as "first backwash sewage valve V32."

  In the backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28, the upper end is closed and the lower end is open. The backwash sewage collecting pipe 28 is arranged at the axis of the filter 52. The upper end of the backwashed sewage collecting pipe 28 is fitted and supported in a hole provided in the center of the upper closing portion 13 of the filter 52. The lower end of the backwashing wastewater collecting pipe 28 passes through the inside of the lower rotary shaft member 16 of the lower closing portion 14 of the filter 52 so as not to hinder the rotation of the filter 52 and is fixed to the water inlet 20 of the casing 51. Has been supported.

  The suction nozzle 4 is connected to the backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28 and opens toward the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52. It is preferable that the suction nozzle 4 is capable of sucking the filter 52 from the entire area in the axial direction. The configuration of the suction nozzle 4 is not particularly limited. For example, a plurality of suction nozzles 4 can be arranged linearly in the axial direction of the filter 52 and / or at different angles in the circumferential direction. The plurality of suction nozzles 4 arranged at different angles in the circumferential direction may be arranged at the same height, or may be arranged at different heights.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of suction nozzles 4 are linearly arranged in the axial direction (vertical direction) of the filter 52 and are connected to the backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28. The opening of the suction nozzle 4 that opens toward the filter 52 at a position facing the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52 is slidably adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52.

  In order to eliminate the unsucked portion between the plurality of suction nozzles 4 arranged in the up-down direction, the suction nozzles are arranged in two rows in the axial direction of the filter 52, and the suction nozzles in the other row are arranged between the suction nozzles 4 in one row. 4 are located. Specifically, the plurality of suction nozzles 4 are alternately arranged in the height direction on the left and right sides of the backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28. As another example in which the suction nozzles 4 are arranged in the axial direction of the filter 52, a plurality of suction nozzles 4 are spirally arranged in the axial direction of the filter 52 at intervals where no unsucked portion exists between the suction nozzles 4. May be.

  The plurality of suction nozzles 4 are arranged linearly in the axial direction of the filter 52 and connected to the backwashing wastewater collecting pipe 28 in a state where the opening of the suction nozzle 4 is slidably adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52. are doing. The plurality of suction nozzles 4 arranged in the vertical direction are alternately arranged in the height direction on the left and right sides of the backwashed sewage collecting pipe 28 in order to eliminate the unsucked portion between the suction nozzles 4. Therefore, suction from the entire inner peripheral surface of the filter 52 can be performed by one rotation of the filter 52.

  The first backwash water injection nozzle 6 is provided on a side portion of the casing 51 and opens inside the casing 51. It is preferable that the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 can spray the first backwash water over the entire area of the filter 52 in the axial direction. The configuration of the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 is not particularly limited. For example, a plurality of first backwash water injection nozzles 6 can be arranged linearly in the axial direction of the filter 52 and / or changing the angle in the circumferential direction. The plurality of first backwash water injection nozzles 6 arranged at different angles in the circumferential direction may be arranged at the same height, or may be arranged at different heights. In the present embodiment, the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 is located on the same circumference as each of the plurality of suction nozzles 4 arranged, and moves in the direction facing the rotation direction of the filter 52 toward the suction nozzle 4. It is provided so that it may be located before. Note that the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 may be provided at each position facing each suction nozzle 4, or may be provided after the suction nozzle 4 in a direction facing the rotation direction of the filter 52. It may be provided to be located.

  The first backwash water supply means 7 pressurizes the filtered water W2 filtered by the filter 52 and supplies the same to the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 as the first backwash water W2. The first backwash water supply means 7 includes a first backwash water pressurizing pump P21, a valve V21, and the like.

The first backwash water injection nozzle 6 sprays the first backwash water W2 onto the outer peripheral surface (secondary side) of the filter 52, and peels off foreign matters deposited on the primary side of the filter 52. Immediately after peeling, suction by the suction nozzle 4 is performed. The foreign matter separated from the filter 52 by the first backwash water jet W2 jetted from the first backwash water jet nozzle 6 is more effective by the suction nozzle 4 by opening the valve V32 provided in the backwash wastewater discharge pipe 29. Is sucked. Since the pressure on the secondary side of the valve V32 is released to the atmospheric pressure, the pressure inside the backwashed sewage collecting pipe 28 becomes lower than the pressure on the secondary side of the filter 52 and is on the secondary side of the filter 52. A part of the filtered water W2 and the first backwash water W2 injected from the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 become backwash wastewater W11 and circulate inside the backwash wastewater collecting pipe 28 to discharge the backwash wastewater. It is discharged from the pipe 29 to the outside.
The first backwash water supply means 7, the first backwash water injection nozzle 6, the suction nozzle 4, and the backwash wastewater discharge means 5 constitute a backwash means.

  The differential pressure detecting means 8 detects a differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the filter 52. The differential pressure detecting means 8 includes a primary pressure sensor 37 disposed inside the filter 52 and a secondary pressure sensor 38 disposed in the treated water outflow space 27. The differential pressure detecting means 8 detects the pressure on the primary side of the filter 52 by the primary side pressure sensor 37, detects the pressure on the secondary side of the filter 52 by the secondary side pressure sensor 38, and detects the primary side of the filter 52. Detect the pressure difference with the secondary side. The degree of contamination of the filter 52 can be determined based on the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the filter 52. When the differential pressure is large, it indicates that the amount of foreign matter deposited on the filter 52 is large. When the differential pressure is small, the filter 52 is in a state close to the initial state (a state where the amount of foreign matter deposited is small). It is shown that.

  The second backwash water injection nozzle 40 is provided on the side of the casing 51 and opens inside the casing 51. The second backwash water injection nozzle 40 can preferably spray the second backwash water over the entire area of the filter 52 in the axial direction. The configuration of the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 is not particularly limited. For example, a plurality of the second backwash water injection nozzles 40 can be arranged linearly in the axial direction of the filter 52 and / or changing the angle in the circumferential direction. The plurality of second backwash water injection nozzles 40 arranged at different angles in the circumferential direction may be arranged at the same height, or may be arranged at different heights.

  The second backwash water supply means 41 pressurizes the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 and supplies the same to the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 as the second backwash water W5. The second backwash water supply means 41 includes a valve V22, a second backwash water pressurizing pump P22, and the like.

  As the first backwash water supplied to the first backwash water injection nozzle 6, in this embodiment, filtered water W2 filtered by the filter 52 is used. As the second backwash water supplied to the second backwash water injection nozzle 40, in the present embodiment, the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 is used. Note that as the first backwash water for the filter 52, the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 can be used.

  After the end of the ballast water treatment operation, the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 discharges the water in the casing 51 (the state in which the ballast water W1 does not substantially exist in the filter 52), and The second backwash water W5 is sprayed on the outer peripheral surface (secondary side) of the filter 52 to strongly separate the foreign matters deposited on the inner peripheral surface (primary side) of the filter 52.

  From the second backwash water jet nozzle 40, the second backwash water W5 is jetted to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating filter 52 in a state where the ballast water W1 does not substantially exist inside the filter 52.

  The ballast water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment further includes a second backwash sewage line L42 through which the second backwash sewage W12 after backwashing by the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 flows. One end of the second backwash sewage line L42 is connected to an intermediate portion of the to-be-treated water inlet 20. The second backwash sewage W12 is discharged from the other end of the second backwash sewage line L42. The second backwash sewage line L42 is provided with a second backwash sewage valve V42.

  The control unit 9 controls each device to be controlled. In particular, the control unit 9 controls the opening and closing of the first backwash sewage valve V32 and the compressed air introduction means 71. Specifically, the control unit 9 opens the first backwash water valve V32 before the injection of the second backwash water W5 from the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 to open the first backwash water valve V32. V32 is controlled, and the compressed air introduction means 71 is controlled so as to introduce compressed air into the filter 52. As a result, the first backwash wastewater W11 existing inside the backwash wastewater discharge pipe 29 is discharged to the outside of the backwash wastewater discharge pipe 29.

Next, main operations of the ballast water treatment device 1 of the present embodiment will be briefly described.
(1) Filtration processing of the water to be treated W1 by the ballast water filtration device 2 The valves V1, V11 and V12 are opened, and the valves V2, V13, V21, V31 and V32 are closed. In this state, the pump P1 is driven. As a result, the water W1 flowing from one end of the water introduction line L1 flows through the water introduction line L1. The to-be-treated water W1 introduced from the to-be-treated water inlet 20 is filtered by the filter 52 and discharged from the treated water outlet 26 as the filtered water W2. The filtered water W2 flows through the treated water line L11, is subjected to ultraviolet treatment by the ultraviolet reactor 61, and is stored in the ballast tank 62 as the stored treated water W3.

(2) Backwashing of the filter 52 by the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 (backwash during ballast water treatment operation)
The valve V1, the valve V11, the valve V12, the valve V21, and the valve V32 are opened, and the other valves are closed, so that the filtered water W2 flows toward the first backwash water injection nozzle 6. Then, in a state where the ballast water (W2, W1) exists inside the casing 51 and the filter 52, the suction of the first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 and the suction nozzle 4 is operated. Thereby, the first backwash water W2 from the first backwash water spray nozzle 6 is sprayed toward the filter 52 and is sucked by the suction nozzle 4 to perform backwash.

(3) Backwashing process of filter 52 by second backwash water injection nozzle 40 (space washing)
After the filtration of the water to be treated W1 is completed, the valve V2 of the water to be treated discharge line L2 and the valve V31 of the air vent line L31 are opened, the other valves are closed, and the water in the filter 52 is discharged. In a state where ballast water (W2, W1) does not substantially exist inside the casing 51 and the filter 52, the ballast water (W2, W1) is provided in the valve V32 provided in the backwash sewage discharge pipe 29 and the second backwash water distribution line L22. The opened valve V22 is opened, and the second backwash water pressurizing pump P22 is operated. Thereby, the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 flows through the second backwash water distribution line L22, is pressurized by the second backwash water pressurizing pump P22, and is used as the second backwash water W5. The water is sprayed from the second backwash water spray nozzle 40 toward the filter 52 to perform backwashing.

  The control for shifting to the backwashing process (space washing) of the filter 52 by the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 will be described in more detail later with reference to the drawings.

(4) Drainage treatment of the stored treated water W3 to the outside from the ballast tank 62 The valves V12 and V13 are opened, and the other valves are closed. In this state, the treated water discharge pump P11 provided on the stored treated water discharge line L12 is operated. Thereby, the storage treatment water W3 stored in the ballast tank 62 is subjected to ultraviolet treatment by the ultraviolet reactor 61, and is discharged to the outside via a part of the treatment water line L11 and the storage treatment water discharge line L12.

Next, with reference to the drawings, the control by the control unit 9 when shifting to the injection of the second backwash water W5 from the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 will be described in detail.
FIG. 2 is a timing chart relating to control of filter cleaning in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the opening and closing timings of the valves V1, V2, V11, V12, V13, V21, V22, V31, V32, V41 and V42 provided in the ballast water treatment apparatus 1 of FIG. . Further, for each of the pumps P1, P11, P21, and P22 provided in the ballast water treatment apparatus 1, the operation / stop timing is shown.

The valves V1, V2, V11, V12, V13, V21, V22, V31, V32, V41 and V42 can be opened and closed by control signals from the control unit 9. It should be noted that some valves may be opened and closed under control of the control unit 9 while other valves may be opened and closed by manual operation.
The pumps P1, P11, P21, and P22 can also be configured to start and stop according to a control signal from the control unit 9. The operation and the stop of some of the pumps may be performed under the control of the control unit 9, while the operation of the other pumps may be manually operated and stopped.

In FIG. 2, the backwashing process of the filter 52 by the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 (backwash during the ballast water treatment operation... Represents the period from the transition to the backwashing process (space washing ... the process of the above (3)) to the end of the above process (3).
The time t1 on the time axis described on the bottom line in FIG. 2 is the time at which the backwashing process of the filter 52 by the first backwashing water injection nozzle 6 (backwashing during the ballast water treatment operation) ends. Further, at this time t1, the storage of the treated water W2 in the ballast tank 62 is completed, and the filtration process is also stopped.

  In FIG. 2, immediately before time t1, the backwashing process during the ballast water treatment operation (backwashing during the ballast water treatment operation: the process (2) described above) is performed. Therefore, as described above, the valve V1, the valve V11, the valve V12, the valve V21, and the first backwash sewage valve V32 are open, and the other valves are closed. At this time, the pump P1 and the first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 are operating. In this state, the filtered water W2 flows toward the first backwash water injection nozzle 6, and the backwash of the filter 52 is performed by the injection of the first backwash water W2 from the first backwash water injection nozzle 6. Is

At time t1, the valve V1, the valve V11, the valve V12, the valve V21, and the first backwash sewage valve V32 are closed, and the pump P1 and the first backwash water pressurizing pump P21 are stopped, and the ballast is stopped. The backwash process during the water treatment operation ends.
When the backwash process during the ballast water treatment operation is completed at time t1, the valve V2 of the water discharge line L2 and the valve V31 of the air vent line L31 are opened for a predetermined time T1 (from time t1 to time t2). Then, the other valves are closed, and first, the water in the casing 51 and the filter 52 is discharged using the head pressure thereof. By the drainage using the head pressure, substantially all the water in the casing 51 and the filter 52 is discharged.

  During the time T1, the water in the casing 51 is discharged from the treated water discharge line L2, and at time t2, the valve V2 of the treated water discharge line L2 and the valve V31 of the air vent line L31 are closed. At the same time, the first backwash sewage valve V32 of the first backwash sewage line 29 and the valve V41 of the compressed air supply line L41 are opened, and the open state is maintained for a predetermined time T2 (from time t2 to time t3). I do. The other valves are kept closed.

When the valve V41 of the compressed air supply line L41 is opened as described above, compressed air is supplied from the compressed air supply source 72 into the casing 51, and thus into the filter 52, through the line L41.
The supply of the compressed air is maintained for a time T2 during which the valve V41 is opened. During this time, the first backwashed sewage W11 retained in the first backwashed sewage line 29 is discharged by the compressed air (air purge). ) And is discharged out of the first backwash sewage line 29.

At time t3, which is the end of time T2, the first backwash sewage valve V32 of the first backwash sewage line 29 and the valve V41 of the compressed air supply line L41 are closed to discharge the first backwash sewage W11. (Air purge) ends.
In the state at the time t3, the water to be treated W1 in the casing 51 including the inside of the filter 52 has already been substantially completely discharged at the time t2, and has been present in the first backwash sewage line 29. The first backwash sewage W11 is also discharged to the outside of the first backwash sewage line 29, and the ballast water treatment apparatus 1 supplies water containing microorganisms to be prevented from moving to another sea area (the water to be treated W1, the first reverse water). Wash water W11) does not remain.
Therefore, in this state, there is no possibility that the microorganisms contained in the backwash sewage W11 retained in the ballast water treatment apparatus 1 (the first backwash sewage line 29) may move to another sea area.

  That is, at time t3, the ballast water (W2, W1) does not substantially exist inside the casing 51 and the filter 52, and the backwash sewage (first Backwash sewage W11) does not exist.

After time t3 (immediately after time t3 in the illustrated example), the first backwash sewage valve V32 of the first backwash sewage line 29 is closed, and the second backwash sewage valve V42 of the second backwash sewage line L42 and the second (2) Open the valve V22 of the backwash water distribution line L22. At the same time, the second backwash water pressurizing pump P22 is operated.
Thereby, the clean water W5 stored in the clean water tank 65 flows through the second backwash water distribution line L22, is pressurized by the second backwash water pressurizing pump P22, and is used as the second backwash water W5. The water is sprayed from the second backwash water spray nozzle 40 toward the filter 52, and the backwash (space cleaning) with the clean water W5 is performed.

  Backwashing (space washing) with the clean water W5 is continued for a predetermined time T3 (from time t3 to time t4). At time t4, which is the end point of time T3, the second backwash sewage valve V42 of the second backwash sewage line L42 and the valve V22 of the second backwash water distribution line L22 are closed, and the second backwash water is added. The pressure pump P22 is stopped, and the backwash with the clean water W5 ends.

In summary, in the ballast water treatment device 1 of the present embodiment, before the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 performs the injection of the second backwash water W5, the control unit 9 performs the first backwash wastewater valve. The first backwash sewage valve V32 is controlled so as to open V32, and the compressed air introduction means 71 is controlled so as to introduce compressed air into the inside of the filter 52. Is discharged to the outside of the first backwashing sewage line 29.
Accordingly, the backwash sewage (first backwash sewage W11) generated at the time of backwashing of the filter 52 stays in the backwash sewage line (first backwash sewage line 29), and the accumulated backwash sewage (first backwash sewage). The microorganisms contained in the sewage W11) can be effectively prevented from migrating to another sea area (specifically, another sea area that may destroy the ecosystem).

As above, the ballast water treatment device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail.
Here, the configuration of the ballast water treatment device 1 can be summarized as follows.
A filter 52 that filters the water W1 to obtain a filtered water W2, a water introduction line L1 through which the water W1 flows toward the filter 52, and a filtered water W2 that is filtered by the filter 52 flows. Backwash means (7, 6, 4, 5) for backwashing the filter 52 with the backwash water W2 and backwash means (7, 6, 4, 5). A backwash sewage line 29 through which backwash sewage W11 after backwash flows and compressed air for discharging backwash sewage W11 existing inside the backwash sewage line 29 to the outside of the backwash sewage line 29 are introduced. A ballast water treatment device comprising: a compressed air introduction unit 71.

More specifically, the configuration of the ballast water treatment device can be summarized as follows.
A tubular filter 52 for filtering the water to be treated W1 flowing thereinto and flowing out to the outside as filtered water W2; a treated water introduction line L1 through which the water to be treated W2 flows toward the inside of the filter 52; A treated water line L11 through which the filtered water W2 filtered by the filter 52 flows, and a first water jetting backwash water W2 toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter 52 in a state where the water to be treated W1 exists inside the filter 52. A backwash water injection nozzle 6, a second backwash water injection nozzle 40 for injecting the backwash water W5 toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter 52 in a state where the water to be treated W2 does not substantially exist inside the filter 52, A suction nozzle 4 provided on the primary side of the filter 52 and opening toward the inner peripheral surface of the filter 52, which is ejected from the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 and directs the filter 52 from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface hand A suction nozzle 4 for sucking the first backwashing sewage W11 that is excess backwashing water, a first backwashing sewage line 29 through which the first backwashing sewage W11 sucked by the suction nozzle 4 flows, and a first backwashing A first backwash sewage valve V32 provided in the sewage line 29, a second backwash sewage line L42 through which the second backwash sewage W12 after backwashing by the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 flows, and a second backwash The second backwash sewage valve V42 provided in the sewage line L42, the compressed air introduction means 71 for introducing compressed air into the filter 52, and the opening and closing of the first backwash sewage valve V32 and the compressed air introduction means 71 are controlled. The ballast water treatment apparatus 1 including the control unit 9, wherein the control unit 9 performs the first backwash wastewater before the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 performs the injection of the second backwash water W <b> 5. First backwash to open valve V32 In addition to controlling the water valve V32, the compressed air introduction means 71 is controlled so as to introduce compressed air into the filter 52, whereby the first backwash wastewater W11 existing inside the first backwash wastewater line 29 is controlled. A ballast water treatment apparatus for discharging water to the outside of the first backwash sewage line 29.

[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the ballast water treatment device of the present invention will be described.
In the first embodiment described above, the first backwash water injection nozzle 6 and the second backwash water injection nozzle 40 are configured as separate nozzles.
On the other hand, the second embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus of the present invention is different in that the first backwash water injection nozzle and the second backwash water injection nozzle are configured to be shared.

  In the second embodiment of the ballast water treatment device of the present invention, in addition to having substantially the same operation and effect as the ballast water treatment device of the first embodiment described above, the first backwash water injection nozzle and the second backwash Since it is shared with the water injection nozzle, the configuration can be simplified as a whole, and the cost can be reduced.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be implemented in various forms.

1 Ballast water treatment device 4 Suction nozzle (backwash means)
5 Backwash sewage discharge means (backwash means)
6 First backwash water injection nozzle (backwash means)
7 Backwash water supply means (backwash means)
9 control part 29 1st backwash sewage line (backwash sewage line)
40 second backwash water injection nozzle 52 filter 71 compressed air introduction means L1 treated water introduction line L11 treated water line L42 second backwash wastewater line V32 first backwash wastewater valve V42 second backwash wastewater valve W1 treated water (Ballast water)
W2 Filtration water, first backwash water (backwash water)
W5 2nd backwash water (clean water)
W11 1st backwash sewage (backwash sewage)
W12 Second backwash sewage

Claims (4)

A filter for filtering the water to be treated to obtain a filtered water ,
A backwashing means for performing backwashing with backwashing water to the front Symbol filter,
A backwashing sewage line through which backwashing sewage after backwashing by the backwashing means flows,
Compressed air introduction means for introducing compressed air for discharging backwash sewage present inside the backwash sewage line to the outside of the backwash sewage line,
A first backwash water injection nozzle for injecting backwash water toward the filter;
A suction nozzle provided on the primary side of the filter and opening toward the filter, the first backwash water which is the backwash water injected from the first backwash water injection nozzle and passed through the filter. A suction nozzle for suctioning,
A first backwashing sewage line through which the first backwashing sewage sucked by the suction nozzle flows;
A first backwash sewage valve provided in the first backwash sewage line,
Compressed air introduction means for introducing compressed air into the interior of the filter,
A control unit that controls the opening and closing of the first backwash sewage valve and the compressed air introduction unit,
The control unit controls the first backwash sewage valve so as to open the first backwash sewage valve, and controls the compressed air introduction means so as to introduce compressed air into the filter. The ballast water treatment device discharges the first backwashing sewage present inside the first backwashing sewage line to the outside of the first backwashing sewage line . The filter further includes a second backwash water injection nozzle that injects backwash water in a state where substantially no water to be treated is present inside the filter toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter,
The control unit controls the first backwash sewage valve so as to open the first backwash sewage valve before the second backwash water injection nozzle is injected from the second backwash water injection nozzle. 2. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said compressed air introduction means is controlled so as to introduce compressed air into said filter. The first backwash water injection nozzle and the second backwash water injection nozzle are shared,
The ballast water treatment device according to claim 2. The control unit includes:
Close the first backwash sewage valve and wait for the water in the filter to be discharged by its head pressure, and then control to open the first backwash sewage valve, Controlling the compressed air introduction means so as to introduce compressed air, thereby discharging the first backwashed sewage present inside the first backwashed sewage line to the outside of the first backwashed sewage line;
The ballast water treatment device according to claim 1.

Images