JP6637821B2 - Heat exchange equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchange device that performs heat exchange with a refrigerant by bringing a fluid into contact with a heat exchanger.

  In order to effectively use waste heat such as heat generated during sewage treatment or heat from hot springs, by continuously flowing a fluid having heat such as sewage or hot spring water to the surface of a heat exchanger through which a refrigerant flows, 2. Description of the Related Art In a heat exchanger, a heat exchange device in which heat is exchanged between a refrigerant and a fluid is used. Such a heat exchange device employs, for example, a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  According to Patent Literature 1, a falling film type heat exchange device (heat exchange device) is provided with a storage tank on an upper part of a metal box having an open upper part, and a longitudinal direction is provided at a bottom center of the storage tank. In the lower part of the storage tank, a flat panel-shaped heat exchange section (heat exchanger) having a heat transfer tube through which the refrigerant circulates is provided below the storage tank. The fluid injected into the storage tank is dripped almost uniformly from the dropping hole to the lower heat exchange part, and flows down while forming a liquid film as a whole along the surface of the heat transfer tube, whereby the refrigerant and the fluid are mixed. Heat is exchanged efficiently between them.

JP 2011-158239 A (page 4, FIG. 4)

  However, Patent Literature 1 has a structure in which the fluid supplied to the storage tank is dropped from a drip hole formed in the center of the bottom of the storage tank to the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchange unit. When the fluid contains impurities (when sewage or hot springs containing the impurities are used as the fluid), there is a problem that the impurities cause clogging of the dropping holes and the fluid cannot be dripped sufficiently. In addition, if the drip hole is formed so large that impurities of the fluid are not clogged, the fluid is dripped at a stretch through the drip hole, and the fluid cannot be uniformly dripped from above into the heat exchange unit, and the refrigerant and the fluid And the efficiency of heat exchange may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and provides a heat exchange device capable of dropping a fluid substantially uniformly along the longitudinal direction of a heat transfer tube even for a fluid containing impurities. The purpose is to do.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a heat exchange device of the present invention includes:
A heat exchanger including a heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube through which a refrigerant flows, and a flow-down mechanism that causes a fluid flowing from an inlet to flow down the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube,
The falling mechanism comprises a diffusion means for diffusing the fluid flowing from said inlet to said longitudinal direction, and a inclined slope Ru passed down the spread fluid downward by the spreading means extending along said longitudinal direction ,
The diffusion means has a mountain shape in cross section extending in the longitudinal direction, and includes a mountain member that disperses a fluid from the inflow port at a top thereof,
On the side portions of the chevron member, the inclined surfaces are arranged so as to face each other,
At a lower end portion of the inclined surface, a plurality of guide portions for guiding a fluid are provided at predetermined intervals over the longitudinal direction.
According to this feature, the fluid flowing from the inflow port is diffused in the longitudinal direction on the inclined surface by the diffusion means, and the fluid flowing down along the inclined surface is formed over the lower end of the inclined surface. Since the fluid is guided by the guide portions and the fluid is dropped from the tip of each guide portion without agglomeration due to surface tension, even a fluid containing impurities can be dropped substantially uniformly along the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube. .

The guide portion is a convex portion protruding vertically from a lower end portion of the inclined surface.
According to this feature, since the fluid can be dripped substantially vertically by the guide portion, the flow-down mechanism can be compactly configured in the short direction.

The diffusing unit includes a guide member that branches the fluid from the inflow port to a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the chevron member.
According to this feature, the fluid is branched to a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the mountain-shaped member by the guide member, so that the fluid can be efficiently diffused to each inclined surface.

At the lower end of the chevron member, a plurality of convex portions projecting vertically from the lower end are provided at predetermined intervals over the longitudinal direction.
According to this feature, the fluid flowing down along the chevron member can be dripped substantially uniformly along the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface by the convex portion formed over the lower end portion.

The inclined surface is a flat surface.
According to this feature, the fluid can flow down to the lower end portion along the inclined surface while being dispersed without being aggregated on the inclined surface.

It is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a heat exchange device. It is a perspective view which shows a flow-down mechanism and a heat exchanger. (A) is front sectional drawing which shows a flow-down mechanism and a heat exchanger, (b) is a top view which shows a flow-down mechanism. (A) is front sectional drawing which shows the flow of the fluid in a flow-down mechanism, (b) is side sectional drawing which shows the flow of the fluid in a flow-down mechanism. (A) is a sectional side view showing a modification of the diffusing means, and (b) is a perspective view showing a modification of the guiding portion. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an experimental result in Experiment 1 using an inclined surface having no convex portion over the lower end. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an experimental result using an inclined surface provided with a convex portion over the lower end in Experiment 1. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an experimental result in Experiment 2. It is explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which used the flow-down mechanism of the bottom hole dripping type in experiment 3. It is explanatory drawing which shows the experiment result using the flow-down mechanism of a notch dripping type in Experiment 3.

  Embodiments for implementing a heat exchange device according to the present invention will be described below based on embodiments.

  A heat exchange device according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Hereinafter, the lower left side of the sheet of FIG. 1 will be referred to as the front side (front side) of the heat exchange device, and the description will be made with reference to the up, down, left, and right directions as viewed from the front side.

  The heat exchange device 1 of the present embodiment is a device for recovering heat from a fluid such as sewage or hot spring water. In the present embodiment, a fluid (sewage) after sewage treatment that has impurities and a relatively high viscosity is used. A description will be given of an example of a form of recovering heat from the steel.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchange device 1 includes a heat exchanger 3a, a flow-down mechanism 2 installed above the heat exchanger 3a, and for dropping a fluid to the heat exchanger 3a; And a housing 400 surrounding the flow-down mechanism 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 3a and the flow-down mechanism 2 are arranged inside a housing 400. The housing 400 includes a frame 40 that forms a substantially rectangular parallelepiped frame, side plates 41, 41 ′, 42, and 43 that are mounted on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the frame 40, and an upper surface of the frame 40. An upper plate 44 is provided, and a bottom plate 45 is provided on the bottom surface of the frame 40. Here, the side plates 41, 41 'are attached to the front and rear surfaces of the frame 40, the side plates 42 are attached to the right side of the frame 40, and the side plates 43 are attached to the left side of the frame 40. I do.

  The side plates 41, 41 ′, 42, 43, the top plate 44, and the bottom plate 45 are detachably fixed to the frame 40 by bolts and nuts (not shown). By removing the 42 and 43, maintenance such as cleaning of the heat exchanger 3a and the flow-down mechanism 2 can be performed. The side plate members 41, 41 ′, 42, 43 are not limited to being attached to the frame 40 using fixing members such as bolts and nuts. The side plate may be attached to the frame 40 by providing a hook or the like on the side plate and locking the hook to the locking portion of the frame 40. The side plate members 41, 41 ', 42, 43 are not limited to being detachably attached to the frame body 40. The side plate members may be provided with an opening / closing door or the like, and the heat exchanger 3a and the flowing-down mechanism 2 You may be able to access to.

  The side plate 43 is provided with a plurality of holes 43a, 43a,..., And the holes 43a, 43a,. A tube 3b, a connecting tube 3c extending from the other end of the heat exchanger 3a to the outside of the housing 400, a fluid inlet tube 4, and a fluid outlet tube 5, which will be described later, are inserted therethrough.

  The fluid input pipe 4 penetrates the side plate 43 and has one end connected to a processing tank for processing fluid, and the other end disposed above the flow-down mechanism 2, and the processing is completed in the processing tank. This is for introducing a fluid into the downflow mechanism 2. The other end of the fluid inlet pipe 4 is branched such that fluid inlets 4a, 4a (inflow ports) are disposed at two positions in the left-right direction (above guide members 14, 14 described later). The fluid discharge pipe 5 is for discharging the fluid accumulated in the housing 400 to the outside of the housing 400.

  The upper plate 44 has an exhaust pipe 44a, which will be described later, and a viewing window 44b through which the inside of the housing 400 can be visually checked from above. The frame body 40 has a pair of fixing members 46, 46 which can be fixed to a base or the like not shown in the drawings by bolts or the like, and is erected so as not to fall down.

  A hollow exhaust pipe 44a is inserted into the upper plate member 44, and the air in the housing 400 is naturally ventilated from the exhaust pipe 44a, so that gas or the like generated inside the housing 400 stays. Can be prevented. The exhaust pipe 44a is bent to prevent dust and the like from entering from above.

  The top plate 44 has a viewing window 44b. The viewing window 44b includes a notch 44c formed by cutting the top plate 44 in a rectangular shape, and a transparent polycarbonate or the like that is attached to the notch 44c. And the transparent plate 44d made of, and the inside of the housing 400 can be visually checked without opening the side plate members 41, 41 ', 42 and 43 from the viewing window 44b.

  The member constituting the viewing window 44b is not limited to polycarbonate, but may be any material having transparency, such as acrylic. For example, it is possible to prevent accidental cracking when assembling and installing the housing 400. For this purpose, it is preferable that the permeable member has high impact resistance.

  Next, the heat exchanger 3a will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 3a includes a plurality of straight pipe sections 31a, 31a,... (Heat transfer pipes) which are arranged to extend in the left-right direction and overlap in the vertical direction, and each of the straight pipe sections 31a, 31a,. Are closed so that the right and left ends of the straight pipe portions 31a, 31a,... Are connected so that the straight pipe portions 31a, 31a,. . 3d, 3d,. In other words, the heat exchanger 3a is a falling liquid film type heat exchanger that has a flat panel shape that stands upright and that causes the fluid flowing down from the flow-down mechanism 2 to flow down along the outer surface of the heat exchanger 3a. is there. Further, at the upper end of the heat exchanger 3a, an induction pipe 3e having an outer diameter larger than the straight pipe portions 31a, 31a,... Is arranged extending along the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 3a. A protruding plate 3f that protrudes upward along the longitudinal direction is provided upright at the upper central portion of 3e.

  As the heat exchanger, there are a well-known plate type heat exchanger in which a plurality of plates are arranged in parallel, a shell and tube type heat exchanger in which a heat transfer tube is built in a body, and the like. Since the heat exchange is performed by flowing the fluid, when heat exchange is performed with a relatively viscous fluid containing impurities such as sludge as in the present embodiment, the flow path is blocked by the impurities. It is easily generated and is not suitable for use in a heat exchanger using a fluid containing impurities.

  On the other hand, like the heat exchanger 3a of the present embodiment, the falling liquid film type heat exchanger in the form of a flat panel is formed by causing the fluid flowing down from above to flow down along the outer surface of the heat exchanger 3a. This is a method in which heat exchange is performed efficiently with a small flow rate (see FIG. 4 (b)). Even if the fluid contains impurities, the heat exchanger 3a is unlikely to be clogged. It is suitable as a heat exchanger using a fluid.

  However, a falling liquid film type heat exchanger having a flat panel shape, such as the heat exchanger 3a, lowers the temperature efficiency when the fluid flows down to the outer surface of the heat exchanger 3a if the fluid flows unevenly. Would. In other words, in order to improve the temperature efficiency of the heat exchanger 3a, it is required to drop the fluid substantially uniformly in the left-right direction (longitudinal direction) of the heat exchanger 3a.

  As described above, if the flow of the fluid becomes uneven, the temperature efficiency of the heat exchanger 3a is reduced. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as described below, the heat exchanger 3a The fluid is dripped substantially uniformly over the left and right directions.

  Next, the flow-down mechanism 2 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the flow-down mechanism 2 includes a housing 6 serving as a base of the flow-down mechanism 2, a diffusion unit 8 as a diffusion unit that diffuses a fluid from the fluid inlet pipe 4 in a longitudinal direction, It is mainly composed of

  The housing 6 is formed of a plate material made of a metal such as stainless steel, and has inclined portions 6a and 6a which are arranged so as to be separated from the front side and the rear side of the heat exchanger 3a and open upward. Rising portions 6b, 6b rising from the inclined portions 6a, 6a, respectively, and side plate portions 6c, 6c provided on the left and right sides of the inclined portions 6a, 6a and the rising portions 6b, 6b are provided. That is, the upper part of the housing 6 is open, and the lower part of the housing 6 is opened with a smaller front-back width than the upper part of the housing 6. Further, the upper surfaces of the inclined portions 6a, 6a constitute inclined surfaces 60a, 60a for causing the fluid diffused by the diffusing portion 8 to flow downward as described later, and the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a have no irregularities. It has a flat surface. Further, the inclined portions 6a, 6a (inclined surfaces 60a, 60a) are formed so as to be inclined approximately 45 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal direction (see FIG. 4B).

  Further, as shown particularly in the enlarged portion of FIG. 2, at the lower ends of the inclined portions 6a, 6a, 61a, 61a,... Serving as guiding portions projecting in the vertical direction, and the convex portions 61a, 61a,. Notches 62a, 62a,... Formed between the notches are provided alternately at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction. The convex portions 61a, 61a,... Have a downward substantially triangular shape in a front view. More specifically, the projections 61a, 61a,... And the cutouts 62a, 62a,. And the notches are formed by bending so that a part of the saw-tooth-shaped concave portion straddles the bent portion and exists on the inclined portions 6a, 6a side, so that the convex portions 61a, 61a,. The production of the parts 62a, 62a, ... is simple.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, between the rising portions 6b of the housing 6, supporting members 12, 12,... They are fixed so as to bridge each other. Further, the upper ends of the rising portions 6b, 6b and the side plates 6c, 6c of the housing 6 are formed to be bent inward, respectively, so that the structural strength of the housing 6 is improved. The housing 6 is partially fixed to the frame body 40 and the side plates 41, 41 ', 42, and 43 of the housing 400 by bolts and nuts.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the diffusing portion 8 includes a mountain-shaped member 10 that is bent and formed into a mountain-shape in cross-section, which is disposed above the inclined portions 6 a and 6 a inside the housing 6. , And guide members 14 arranged in the longitudinal direction above the chevron member 10.

  The chevron member 10 is formed by bending a metal plate such as stainless steel into a chevron shape in a sectional view, and includes front and rear inclined portions 10a, 10a which incline so as to expand downward from a top 10d of the chevron member 10. Prepare for. Incidentally, the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e of the inclined portions 10a, 10a are flat surfaces without irregularities.

  The chevron member 10 extends in the left-right direction, and both left and right end portions of the chevron member 10 are fixed to the side plates 6 c, 6 c of the housing 6. That is, the inclined portions 10a, 10a of the chevron member 10 and the inclined portions 6a, 6a of the housing 6 are arranged so as to be alternately vertically overlapped.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the inclined portions 10a, 10a are formed so as to be inclined approximately 45 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal direction. That is, the inner angle formed by the inclined portions 10a of the angled member 10 is substantially 90 degrees.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a), at the lower ends of the inclined portions 10a, 10a, there are provided protrusions 10b, 10b,... And notches 10c, 10c,. It is provided alternately for each. The notches 10c, 10c,... And the notches 10c, 10c,... Have the same configuration as the notches 62a, 62a,. .

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the guide member 14 includes a mountain-shaped branch plate 14a having left and right inclined portions 14b, 14b that are inclined so as to expand downward, and the left and right of the branch plate 14a. Mountains having left and right guide portions 14c, 14c extending substantially vertically downward from both ends, wall plate portions 14f, 14f extending upward from both front and rear ends of the branch plate portion 14a, and inclined portions 14b, 14b. Mounting flange portions 14d, 14d (see FIG. 3B) extending forward and backward from the upper end of the mold-shaped branch plate portion 14a. That is, the guide member 14 and the chevron member 10 are arranged such that the top of the branch plate portion 14a and the top 10d of the chevron member 10 extend perpendicularly (see FIG. 2). Note that the upper surface of the branch plate portion 14a is a flat surface having no irregularities.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the guide portions 14c, 14c have a substantially downward trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side, and the lower end thereof is arranged on the top 10d of the chevron member 10, so that fluid is supplied. The fluid introduced from the pipe 4 is guided to the top 10 d of the chevron member 10.

  Next, the manner of mounting the guide member 14 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3B, the guide member 14 is attached to an attachment frame 13 installed between the adjacent support members 12 in the housing 6. Specifically, on the left and right sides of the mounting frame 13, there are provided flanges 13a, 13a for attaching to the support members 12, 12, and the flanges 13a, 13a have elongated holes 13b extending in the front-rear direction. , 13b are respectively formed. Further, the support members 12, 12 have through holes (not shown) through which the bolts 15, 15 can be inserted, respectively, and positions the front and rear positions of the mounting frame 13 with respect to the support members 12, 12, and then inserts the through holes into the through holes. The mounting frame 13 is fixed between the support members 12 by inserting and tightening the bolts 15. The mounting flange portions 14d of the guide member 14 are formed with long holes 14e extending in the left-right direction, respectively. Further, through-holes (not shown) through which bolts 15, 15 can be inserted are provided in the frames 13c, 13c before and after the mounting frame 13, and positions the left and right positions of the guide member 14 with respect to the frames 13c, 13c. Thereafter, the guide members 14 are fixed between the frames 13c by inserting the bolts 15 into the through holes and tightening the bolts. By loosening the bolts 15, 15,..., The front-rear position of the mounting frame 13 and the left-right position of the guide member 14 can be easily adjusted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the fluid inlet pipe 4 is fixed by fixtures 19 fixed to the upper end of the housing 6. The fixtures 19, 19 are erected in the left and right direction.

  The fixing device 19 includes a support member 19a formed in a substantially downward U-shape, and a substantially U-shaped fitting 19b for fixing the fluid inlet tube 4 in a suspended shape. By fixing both ends of the metal fitting 19b to the upper frame 19c of the support member 19a in a state where the fluid charging pipe 4 is fitted to the metal fitting 19b, the fluid charging pipe 4 can be fixed in a suspended manner.

  Next, an embodiment in which the fluid flows down in the flow-down mechanism 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. Since the flow of the fluid supplied from the input ports 4a of the fluid input pipe 4 is the same, only the flow of the fluid input from the input port 4a on one side (right side) of the fluid input pipe 4 will be described. The description of the flow of the fluid supplied from the other (right) input port 4a of the fluid input pipe 4 will be omitted. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show only the flow of the fluid supplied from one (right) inlet 4a of the fluid inlet pipe 4 to facilitate understanding.

  First, a flow-down state of a fluid in heat exchange performed by the heat exchange device 1 will be schematically described with reference to FIG. 1. The fluid supplied to the flow-down mechanism 2 from the fluid input pipe 4 flows down in the flow-down mechanism 2. After being diffused by this, it is dropped above the heat exchanger 3a, flows down so as to form a liquid film on the surface of the heat exchanger 3a, and then flows out of the housing 400 through the fluid discharge pipe 5. Is discharged.

  More specifically, the fluid supplied into the flow-down mechanism 2 from the input port 4a of the fluid supply pipe 4 is first supplied to the guide member 14 of the flow-down mechanism 2 as shown in FIGS. You.

  The fluid injected into the guide member 14 flows downward while branching (branching in the left-right direction) along the inclined portions 14b, 14b from the top of the branch plate portion 14a forming the guide member 14. At this time, the wall plates 14f, 14f disposed before and after the branch plate 14a prevent the fluid from falling from before and after the branch plate 14a.

  Further, the fluid flowing down along the inclined portions 14b, 14b is dripped from the lower ends of the guide portions 14c, 14c at both right and left ends of the branch plate portion 14a to the top portion 10d of the mountain-shaped member 10. As described above, the guide portions 14c, 14c have a substantially downward trapezoidal shape in a side view. In other words, the guide portions 14c, 14c have a shape that tapers downward, and the fluid is guided by surface tension. Since it is guided so as to converge to the tapered tip (lower end) of 14c, it can be efficiently dripped toward the top 10d of the chevron member 10.

  The fluid dropped on the top 10d of the chevron member 10 is spread so as to be pressed in the longitudinal direction along the top 10d of the chevron member 10 by the dropped impact (impact by free fall). That is, the fluid dropped on the top 10d of the chevron member 10 is diffused in the longitudinal direction of the chevron member 10.

  Further, the fluid diffused in the longitudinal direction along the top 10d of the chevron member 10 is planarly downward along the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e of the front and rear inclined parts 10a, 10a constituting the chevron member 10. Flow down. That is, the fluid that has flowed down to the top 10d of the chevron member 10 is dispersed in the front and rear two directions by the top 10d. At this time, the fluid flows down the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e while being diffused in the longitudinal direction. The fluid flowing down to the lower ends of the inclined portions 10a, 10a reaches over most of the convex portions 10b, 10b,... Formed at the lower ends of the inclined portions 10a, 10a and the notches 10c, 10c,. , And flows down along the notches 10c, 10c,... And converges on the tips of the projections 10b, 10b,. Is done.

  The fluid dropped from the inclined portions 10a, 10a is spread so as to be pressed against the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a, so that the fluid is further diffused in the longitudinal direction. When the fluid is dropped on the inclined surfaces 60a, a part of the fluid scattered by the impact comes into contact with the rising portions 6b, 6b of the housing 6 and travels along the rising portions 6b, 6b. Since the fluid merges again with the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a, it is possible to effectively suppress a decrease in the flow rate of the fluid flowing down the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a due to the scattering of the fluid generated at the time of dropping on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a.

  The fluid dropped on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a flows downward along the inclination of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a while being diffused in the longitudinal direction. The fluid that has flowed down to the lower ends of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a extends over the entire longitudinal direction of the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Formed at the lower ends of the inclined portions 6a, 6a and the notches 62a, 62a,. , And is dripped substantially uniformly from the tips of the projections 61a, 61a, ... over the longitudinal direction of the lower heat exchanger 3a.

  As described above, in the heat exchange apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the fluid flowing from the inlet 4a is guided by the guide members 14, 14 and the chevron member 10 onto the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a of the inclined portions 6a, 6a. The fluid that is diffused in the longitudinal direction and flows down on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a is guided by the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Formed over the lower end portions of the inclined portions 6a, 6a. Since it has a structure in which the fluid is dripped almost uniformly in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 3a from the tips of the heat exchangers 61a, 61a,. Can be dropped.

  Specifically, as in the related art, in a structure in which a fluid flowing from an inlet is temporarily stored in a storage tank, and the fluid is dropped from a plurality of drip holes provided in the storage tank in a longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger, When the fluid containing impurities is dropped, the dropping holes and the like may be clogged and the fluid may not be dropped. However, the heat exchange device 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described structure, and thus the fluid containing impurities may be dropped. Even in this case, it can be dripped almost uniformly over the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 3a. Needless to say, the heat exchange device 1 can drop the fluid substantially uniformly over the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 3a even if the fluid does not contain impurities.

  In addition, the fluid is dropped onto one heat exchanger 3a by two opposed inclined surfaces 60a, 60a which are inclined so as to approach downward, and both sides in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 3a ( Since the fluid can be dropped on the front and rear surfaces), the fluid can be gathered over the entire outer surface of the heat exchanger 3a, and the temperature efficiency in the heat exchanger 3a can be increased.

  A guide tube 3e having a larger diameter than the straight pipe portions 31a, 31a,... Is installed at the upper end of the heat exchanger 3a. Since the fluid can flow down to the outer surface of the heat exchanger 3a via the surface of 3e, the fluid can be easily dropped as compared with the case where the fluid is dropped directly to the small-diameter straight pipe portion 31a. In other words, it is easy to adjust the positions of the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Provided at the lower ends of the two inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the heat exchanger 3a.

  Further, the guide tube 3e is provided with a protruding plate 3f, and the protruding plate 3f prevents fluid dropped from above the front and rear sides of the guide tube 3e from joining at the upper central portion of the guide tube 3e. Therefore, it is possible to cause the fluid to flow down substantially uniformly on both the front and rear sides with respect to the heat exchanger 3a.

  Further, the top portion 10d of the mountain-shaped member 10 having a mountain shape in a sectional view by the two inclined portions 10a, 10a can disperse the fluid in two front and rear directions, and oppose each other in the extending direction of the inclined portions 10a, 10a. Since the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a of the housing 6 are provided as described above, the fluid can be diffused to the respective inclined surfaces 60a, 60a. Specifically, since the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e of the mountain-shaped member 10 and the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a of the housing 6 are alternately superimposed on each other up and down, they are dropped from the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e. The dropped fluid can be efficiently diffused on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a by the impact of the drop.

  Further, since the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e are formed so as to be inclined downwardly (45 degrees) with respect to the horizontal direction, impurities contained in the fluid are removed by the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces. Accumulation on the surfaces 10e, 10e can be suppressed.

  Note that the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e may be freely changed according to the state of the fluid (for example, the presence or absence of foreign substances, the viscosity of the fluid, and the like). For example, the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e may be set so as to be inclined 10 degrees to 50 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal direction.

  Further, the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e are formed so as to be inclined approximately 45 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal direction, and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e of the mountain-shaped member 10 and the inclined surfaces of the housing 6 are formed. Since the structures 60a and 60a are alternately vertically overlapped with each other, the width of the flow-down mechanism 2 in the front-rear direction can be made compact.

  Further, one guide member 14 has guide portions 14c, 14c, and the guide portions 14c, 14c cause the fluid from the inlet 4a to be branched into two portions in the longitudinal direction of the top portion 10d of the chevron member 10. The fluid can be diffused in the longitudinal direction of the chevron member 10. Further, since a plurality of guide members 14 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the chevron member 10, the function of branching the fluid in the longitudinal direction of the chevron member 10 is improved.

  Further, since the inclined surfaces 60a of the housing 6 are provided with the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Projecting vertically from the lower ends of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a, the fluid can be dripped substantially vertically. Therefore, as compared with the case where the fluid is dropped using the convex portion extending on the same plane as the inclined surface, the separation width between the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a can be reduced, and the flow-down mechanism 2 can be moved in the short direction (front-back direction). And can be made compact.

  Since the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Protrude in the vertical direction, foreign matter (for example, hair or fibrous dust) of the fluid is locked and deposited so as to straddle the convex portions 61a, 61a,. Can be prevented. Further, since the fluid is dripped almost vertically from the convex portions 61a, 61a,..., The position of the convex portions 61a, 61a,.

  In addition, since the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e are flat surfaces without any irregularities, the fluid remains diffused without aggregating on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e. Flowed down. Further, impurities are unlikely to be deposited on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined surfaces 10e, 10e.

  Further, the fluid flowing down along the inclined portions 10a of the chevron member 10 is transferred to the longitudinal direction of the inclined surfaces 60a by the convex portions 10b projecting vertically from the lower ends of the inclined portions 10a. , The fluid can be efficiently dropped and diffused on the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a.

  Notches 62a, 62a, ... and notches 10c, 10c, ... are formed between the adjacent protrusions 61a, 61a and between the adjacent protrusions 10b, 10b, respectively. .. And the notches 10c, 10c,... Are formed so as to bite into the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a and the inclined portions 10a, 10a, so that the fluid flowing down by the convex portions 61a, 61a,. When guided to the tips of the parts 10b, 10b,..., First, the fluid is guided by the notches 62a, 62a,... And the notches 10c, 10c,.

  In this embodiment, the example in which the protrusions 61a, 61a, ... and the protrusions 10b, 10b, ... protrude in the vertical direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. What is necessary is just to bend further downward about 70 to 30 degrees with respect to the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a inclined at about 10 to 50 degrees and the inclined portions 10a, 10a. In other words, the protrusions 61a, 61a, ... and the protrusions 10b, 10b, ... need only be inclined about 80 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal direction.

  Further, the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a of the present embodiment are configured to be flat by the flat inclined portions 6a, 6a provided at the lower end portion of the housing 6, but the inclined surfaces are formed by the flat plate material. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured by members of various shapes. Further, the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a are not limited to being formed on a flat surface, and may be formed, for example, in a curved surface shape or an uneven shape. Further, the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a are not limited to being formed at the lower end portion of the housing 6 integrated with the diffusion unit 8, and may be provided separately from the diffusion unit 8.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the form in which the fluid is dropped from the front and rear of the heat exchanger 3a by the two inclined surfaces 60a, 60a is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one inclined surface is provided for one heat exchanger 3a. The fluid may be dropped by the surface 60a. Further, a plurality of heat exchangers 3a, 3a,... Are arranged in parallel so as to be aligned in the longitudinal direction, and one inclined surface formed to be longer in the longitudinal direction with respect to the plurality of heat exchangers 3a, 3a,. The fluid may be dropped.

  Further, the guide member 14 of this embodiment has guide portions 14c, 14c, and the guide portions 14c, 14c allow the fluid to branch to two longitudinal portions of the top 10d of the chevron member 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any fluid that can branch a plurality of fluids in the longitudinal direction of the mountain-shaped member 10 may be used. For example, a gutter or the like that radially extends from directly below the inlet 4a to a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the mountain-shaped member 10 may be used.

  Next, a modified example of the diffusion means of the heat exchange device will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those of the above-described heat exchange device 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components will not be repeated.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the flow-down mechanism 102 includes inclined plates 110, 110 in which the diffusion unit 108 is alternately fixed to the inner wall in the short direction (front-back direction) of the housing 106. At the lower end of the housing 600, an inclined surface 600a is formed. The fluid is supplied from a plurality of supply ports 104a, 104a,... (One shown in FIG. 5A) provided in the upper part of the casing 600 in the longitudinal direction. The fluid supplied from the inlets 104a, 104a,... Flows down while being diffused in the longitudinal direction of the upper inclined plate 110 by the dropped impact, and flows from the lower end convex portions 10b, 10b,. Are dropped and further spread while being diffused in the longitudinal direction of the inclined plate 110, and are dropped on the inclined surface 600a from the convex portions 10b, 10b,. .. Are dropped on the guide tube 3e from the convex portions 61a, 61a,... Of the inclined surface 600a. In this way, the diffusion unit 108 is configured by arranging the plurality of inclined plates 110 alternately in multiple stages up and down, so that the fluid is diffused in the longitudinal direction, and the fluid is diffused from one inclined surface 600a to the heat exchanger 3a. You may make it drip. That is, as in the above-described embodiment, it is not always necessary to disperse the fluid back and forth (in multiple directions) and to drop the fluid from before and after the heat exchanger 3a. According to such a configuration, the number of fluid passages is one, and the thickness of the housing 106 in the short direction (front-back direction) can be suppressed, so that a more compact design can be achieved.

  Next, a modified example of the guide unit will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5B, at the lower end of the inclined portion 610, a corrugated sheet material 611 in which a plurality of concave portions 611a, 611a,... And convex portions 611b, 611b,. Is bound to. According to this, when the fluid flowing down on the inclined surface 610a, which is the upper surface of the inclined portion 610, reaches the corrugated sheet material 611, it converges in the concave portions 611a, 611a,. It is dripped downward. According to this, the guide portion can be easily formed simply by fixing the existing corrugated sheet material 611 to the lower end of the inclined portion 610 which is an existing flat plate.

  Next, results of an experiment performed using the heat exchange device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

"Experiment 1"
Effectiveness of Inclined Surface and Convex Portion First, in the heat exchange device 1, a test was performed to confirm the effectiveness of the inclined surface 60a and the convex portions 61a, 61a,.

  In this test, two inclined surfaces (inclined surfaces 60a) having the same shape were prepared, and one was a smooth inclined surface having no convex portions (convex portions 61a, 61a,. Is an inclined surface provided with convex portions (convex portions 61a, 61a,...) Over the lower end, and tap water was dropped on each inclined surface at a flow rate of 8 L / min, and the state of the flow was confirmed.

  It was confirmed that when tap water was dropped on each inclined surface, the tap water spread widely from the dropping position and then flowed down on the inclined surface. Therefore, the usefulness of the inclined surface was confirmed.

  Next, when observing the state of flowing tap water on an inclined surface having a smooth shape having no convex portion over the lower end and an inclined surface having a convex portion provided over the lower end, there is no convex portion over the lower end. On the sloping surface, a phenomenon was observed in which tap water, which had spread widely and flowed down, gathered randomly when dripping from the sloping plate, and dripped unevenly. Further, the position where the tap water was dropped changed (not constant), and a state where the tap water was collected and dropped while fluctuating left and right was observed (see FIG. 6).

  On the other hand, on the inclined surface provided with the convex portion over the lower end, it is confirmed that the tap water that has spread and flowed down broadly converges on each vertex portion by being guided to the shape of each convex portion, and drops. The effectiveness of the installation was confirmed (see FIG. 7).

"Experiment 2"
Flow-down test with digested sludge water containing a large amount of impurities by the flow-down mechanism 2 of the present embodiment. , Which may be simply referred to as "sludge water"). This digested sludge contains many contaminants such as human hair, fiber, mud, twigs of 40 mm and the like, and is a fluid model under more adverse conditions than ordinary sewage or hot spring water.

  When the sludge water flows from the fluid inlet pipe 4, the sludge water is substantially uniformly distributed by the guide members 14, and is deviated from the guide portions 14c, 14c,... To the other slope (one of the slope portions 10a, 10a). Without being equalized, it was dropped on the top 10d of the chevron member 10 in a good state.

  The sludge water spreads widely from the upper ends of the respective inclined portions 10a, 10a forming the mountain-shaped member 10, flows down by being inclined, and then extends over the lower ends of the respective inclined portions 10a, 10a forming the mountain-shaped member 10. .. Are dropped on the upper side of the inclined surfaces 60a, 60a, spread again at the respective dropping points, and flow on the respective inclined surfaces 60a, 60a to form convex portions. .. Were dripped from the parts 61a, 61a,... To the heat exchanger 3a via the guide tube 3e while being substantially uniformly diffused (see FIG. 8).

  In this test, the numerical value of the low-temperature water-side temperature efficiency was set to 0.6 as a condition for designing the heat exchange device 1, but the flow-down mechanism 2 of the present invention was used to drop the fluid almost uniformly to the heat exchanger 3a. Thereby, it was confirmed that the low-temperature water side temperature efficiency was stabilized at around 0.7.

The temperature efficiency is
φc = Tco−Tci / Thi−Tci
φc: Low-temperature water-side temperature efficiency Thi: Sludge inlet temperature (high temperature)
Tci: low-temperature water inlet temperature Tco: low-temperature water outlet temperature

"Experiment 3"
Test using a conventional storage tank A structure in which a small-diameter hole is provided almost uniformly in the longitudinal direction at the bottom of a storage tank capable of storing sludge water without using the flow-down mechanism 2 (hereinafter, referred to as a "bottom hole dropping type") And a structure in which a substantially V-shaped notch portion is formed substantially uniformly at the upper end of a pair of side walls forming a longitudinal direction of a water storage tank capable of storing sludge water. , "Notch dropping type") were manufactured, and sludge water was allowed to flow into each water storage tank at a flow rate of 8 L / min, and the temperature efficiency was measured.

  In both heat exchange devices, the temperature efficiency of 0.6, which is the design condition of the heat exchange device 1, was achieved at the beginning of the measurement. It became unstable during 0.6, and at the end all holes and notches were closed, so that the apparatus could not be operated (see FIGS. 9 and 10).

  As described above, from the results of Experiments 1 to 3, it was confirmed that the heat exchange device 1 of the present invention was useful for increasing the temperature efficiency and superior to the bottom hole dropping type and the notch dropping type.

  As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and even if there are changes and additions without departing from the gist of the present invention, they are included in the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the mode in which the diffusing unit is configured by the chevron-shaped member and the guide member 14 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Good. Specifically, the fluid may be diffused in the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface 60a by applying the fluid to a rotating body that rotates in a horizontal direction about a vertically extending rotating shaft. In addition, the fluid inlet that faces the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface 60a may cause the fluid to flow down from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface 60a, so that the fluid may flow down while being diffused in the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface 60a.

  The inclined surface may be variably adjustable in inclination angle. According to this aspect, it is possible to appropriately set the flow speed of the fluid and the like by adjusting the inclination angle to an optimum angle in accordance with the flow amount of the fluid and the contained impurities and the like. Further, the height position of the chevron member or the guide member may be adjusted, so that the degree of diffusion of the fluid by dripping can be appropriately adjusted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat exchange device 2 Flow-down mechanism 3a Heat exchanger 4a Input port (inlet)
6 Case 8 Diffusion part (diffusion means)
10 Mountain-shaped member 10b Convex portion 10d Top portion 10e Inclined surface 14 Guide member 60a Inclined surface 61a Convex portion (guide portion)
102 Downflow mechanism 104a Inlet (inlet)
106 Case 108 Diffusion unit (diffusion means)
600a Inclined surface 610a Inclined surface 611 Corrugated sheet material (induction section)

Claims (5)

A heat exchanger including a heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube through which a refrigerant flows, and a flow-down mechanism that causes a fluid flowing from an inlet to flow down the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube,
The falling mechanism comprises a diffusion means for diffusing the fluid flowing from said inlet to said longitudinal direction, and a inclined slope Ru passed down the spread fluid downward by the spreading means extending along said longitudinal direction ,
The diffusion means has a mountain shape in cross section extending in the longitudinal direction, and includes a mountain member that disperses a fluid from the inflow port at a top thereof,
On the side portions of the chevron member, the inclined surfaces are arranged so as to face each other,
A heat exchange device, wherein a plurality of guide portions for guiding a fluid are provided at a lower end of the inclined surface at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction . 2. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the guide portion is a protrusion that protrudes vertically from a lower end of the inclined surface . 3. 3. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion unit includes a guide member that branches the fluid from the inflow port to a plurality of locations along a longitudinal direction of the chevron member. 4. The lower end portion of the mountain shape member is in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the protrusion protruding vertically from the lower end portion is more disposed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction A heat exchange device as described. The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the inclined surface is a flat surface.